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PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT

References Books-PPM- L M PRASAD

- Kumkum Mukherjee

- P C Tripathi

- P N Reddy- Richard L Daft

- Stephen Covey ( Scope of Mgt.)

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT

1. Management as a discipline,

2. Management as a group of people, and

3. Management as a process

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT

1. Management as a discipline-

Management can be treated either as an art orscience, the two basic & broad disciplines.

Management prescribes various principles & howthese principles can be applied in managing anorganization, it has the orientation of both, Science &art.

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT

2. Management as a group of people-

Management as a group of people in which weinclude all those personnel who perform managerial

functions in organizations. For example, relationship between management &

labour, we refer to two distinct groups of personnelin the organization.

In the first category, who are responsible formanagerial functions & in the second category, non-managerial personnel.

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT

3. Management as a process- A process can be simply be defined as systematic

method of handling activities.

The total activities of an organization can be dividedinto two groups: Operational & Managerial activities.

Historically, four such orientations have beenadopted in defining management process:

1. Production- or efficiency- oriented,2. Decision-oriented,

3. People-oriented, &

4. Function- oriented.

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT

1. Production- or efficiency- oriented-

Management is the art of knowing what youwant to do & then seeing that it is done in the best

& cheapest way.This definition emphasizes relationship

between efforts & results.

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT

2. Decision-oriented-

Management is simply the process of decisionmaking & control over the action of human beings

for the expressed purpose of attaining pre-determined goals.

The decision-oriented definition ofmanagement indicates that the basic activity of a

manager is to make decisions & enforce thesedecisions.

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT

3. People-oriented-

Management is the accomplishment of resultsthrough the efforts of other people.

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BASIC CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT

4. Function- oriented-

Management is a process involving planning,organizing, staffing, directing & controlling human

efforts to achieve stated objectives in anorganization.

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Definition of Management

The term Management refers to the process ofgetting things done, effectively and efficiently,

through and with other people.By Stephen P Robbins.

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Definition of Management

Management can be defined as a set of activities (including Planning, Decision Making, Organizing,Leading and Controlling) directed at an

organizations resources (human, financial,physical and informational) with the aim ofachieving the organizational goals in an efficientand effective manner.

Reference Book-

Principles of Management

Author- Kumkum Mukherjee

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Definition of Management

Art of getting things done through people.

By Mary Parker Follett.

Reference Book-

Principles of Management

Author- P C TripathiP N Reddy

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Definition of Management

Management as a process, consisting of planning,organizing, actuating and controlling, performed todetermine and accomplish the objectives by the use

of people and resources.

By George R Terry.

Reference Book-Principles of Management

Author- P C Tripathi

P N Reddy

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Definition of Management

Management is the attainment of organizationalgoals in an effective and efficient manner through

planning, organizing, leading and controllingorganizational resources.

Reference Book-

Principles of Management

Author- Richard L Daft

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Definition of Management

Management is the creation and maintenance of aninternal environment in an enterprise, where

individuals, working together in groups can performefficiently and effectively towards the attainment ofgroup goals.

Reference Book-

Principles of Management

Author- Richard L Daft

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SCOPE AND NATURE OF MANAGEMENT

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SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT

i. Production Management-

a. designing the product,

b. location and layout of plant & building,

c. planning and control of factory operations,d. operation of purchase and storage of materials,

e. repairs and maintenance,

f. inventory cost and quality control,g. R & D, etc.

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SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT

ii.Personnel Management-a. Manpower Planning,

b. Recruitment,

c. Selection,

d. Training,

e. Performance Appraisal,

f. Promotions and transfers,

g. Compensation,

h. Employee Welfare Services, &

i. Personnel records and Research, etc.

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SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT

iii.Financial Management-

a. Selecting the appropriate source of funds,

b. Raising the required funds at the right time,

c. Estimating the volume of funds.

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SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT

iv. Marketing Management-

a. Marketing research to determine the needs andexpectation of consumers,

b. Planning and developing suitable products,c. Selecting the right channel of distribution, and

d. Promotional activities like advertising andsalesmanship to communicate with the customers.

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NATURE OF MANAGEMENT

IntiegrativeProcess

DynamicFunctions

Science

&Arts

UniversalProcess

Social

Process

IntangibleForce

Multi-Disciplinarydiscipline

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LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT

TOPMGT

MIDDLEMGT

LOWERMGT

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TOP MANAGEMENT

Top Management is the ultimate source of authority.It establishes goals & policies for the enterprise. Itdevotes more time on the planning & coordinatingfunctions.

It includes Board of Directors, ManagingDirectors, General Manager, etc.

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MIDDLE MANAGEMENT

It generally consists of heads of functionaldepartments.

e.g. Production Manager, sales manager, Office

Superintendent, Branch Manager, etc.They receive orders & instructions from top mgt.&get the things done through lower level mgt. Theydevote more time on the motivational functions of

mgt.

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LOWER MANAGEMENT

Its direct contact with the workers. It includesSupervisors, officers, Forman, Clerk.

It is directly concerned with the control of theperformance of the operative employees, under the

instruction from middle level managers. Theydevote more time on the supervision of the

workers. They are responsible for building highmorale among workers.

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THANK YOU