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Basic EcologyCommunity Interactions
Topics *1011 *1012 *1019
Basic EcologyCommunity Interactions
Topics *1011 *1012 *1019
Ms. Morris
Interactions Within a CommunityInteractions Within a Community
• Food Chains – Food “links” between living organisms in a community
• Food Webs – Intertwined food chains
Food Chain
Image: www.cas.psu.edu
Food WebFood Web
Image:
www.bigelow.org
DietsDiets
• Herbivore – Only eat vegetative material– Deer, cattle, rabbits
• Carnivore – Only eat meat material– Lions, wolves, cats
• Omnivore – Eats both meat and vegetative material– Bears, pigs, humans
Images:
en.wikipedia.org
Herbivore
Omnivore
Carnivore
What do teeth have to do with it?
What do teeth have to do with it?
HerbivoreHerbivoreImage: www.skullsite.co.uk
Female Red Deer - Cervus elaphus
OmnivoreOmnivore
Kinkajou - Potos flavus
Image: www.skullsite.co.uk
CarnivoreCarnivore
Cougar – Felis concolor
Image: www.skullsite.co.uk
Interactions Within a CommunityInteractions Within a Community• Producers – Photosynthetic organisms –
meaning?– Autotrophs– ALL PLANTS!!– Not fungi (mushrooms)
• Consumers – Rely on producers or another consumer for food– Heterotrophs– Different levels
• Primary• Secondary• Tertiary
• Decomposers – Break down dead organic matter– Not only feeds them, but releases
nutrients into the environment to start cycle again
– Fungi (mushrooms)
– Maggots
– Worms
Interactions Within a CommunityInteractions Within a Community
What’s missing on this diagram?
Where do they fit in?
Image: www.anselm.edu
Energy FlowEnergy Flow• 1st Law of Thermodynamics –
Energy can be neither created or destroyed
• 2nd Law of Thermodynamics – When energy is converted from one form to another, energy is always lost (used)
Less energy available to each trophic levelLess energy available to each trophic levelImage:
www.mhhe.com
Why is energy lost at each
level?
Why is energy lost at each
level?
Biomass How much matter does
it take to feed each species
Biomass How much matter does
it take to feed each species
Image: www.bbc.co.uk
QuestionsQuestions• Give two NEW (don’t use the ones I gave)
examples of each:– Herbivore– Carnivore– Omnivore
• Explain what would happen if there were no decomposers on Earth
• What happens to energy at each tropic level?
• Turn in to Ms. Morris by the end of the day (10 Points)