Basic English- 24

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1. I urgently need money means:a) Alice doesnt need money.b) Alices parents need money.c) Alice needs money immediately.

3. before New Years Eve means:a) on December 30thb) on January 1stc) on December 31st

2. My tuition, room and board are $500 means:a) Alice needs $500 to pay for her school andaccommodations.

b) Alice wants to buy a blackboard for herroom.

c) The university tuition is $500 per semester.

4. Ill send a letter soon means:a) Alice plans to write a letter to her parentssoon.

b) Alice wants her parents to write.c) Alices parents have to send a letter with the

money.

III. LETTER

A. Complete Alices letter to her parents with one of the alternatives given below.


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1)a) like to read the newspaperb) was really busy last weekc) always get up at 6 oclock

2)a) theyarekindofdifcult

b) we have good teachersc) I like them

3)

a) dont study

b) have to studyc) lets study 4)

a) a nice

b) holidayc) beautiful

5)a) you can see the Popocateptlb) I have to studyc) there is a lot of smog

6)a) they are beautifulb) is very goodc) its really nice

7)a) I have a friendb) it was a holidayc) There are places in Mexico

8)a) Lets go on Tuesdayb) was in Mixquicc) were there on Nov. 2

B. Now complete this letter from Nancy to her parents.

C. Write a similar letter to a friend. Write a full description of your daily activities. Include a past event you

really enjoyed.


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NOTE:

We begin writing informal letters with the date on the top right. Then,we greet the person, and we start writing as in a conversation. But,paragraphs and punctuation have to be very well taken care of. Take agood look at where commas are placed: the date, the greeting, and theclosing. Take another look at where periods are placed: all of them enda sentence or a combination of sentences that are joined by aconnector.

D. When you join two complete sentences, you have to use a semi-colon (;) or a comma and a connector.Join the following sentences with punctuation and / or connector. If necessary, use pronouns toavoid redundancy.

Example:

John likes cars. Mark likes trucks.John likes cars; Mark likes trucks.John likes cars, but Mark likes trucks.

Connectors: but (2), and, because, so

1. My house is red. Peter likes my house.

2. Ill marry David. I love him.

3. I want a sandwich. I dont want a pizza.

4. I walk. I see. I hear.5. Hes a good boy. Hell have a good life.

You shouldnt trust everybody. Beware of

Greeks bearing gifts.

Beware of Greeks bearing gifts.

PROVERB


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IV. ALICES SCHEDULE

A. Alice has a busy schedule this week. Work with a partner. Student (A) looks at Schedule 1; Student (B)looks at Schedule 2. Ask and answer questions about Alices activities. Follow the example.

Example: Student a) What does Alice have to do on Thursday evening?Student b) She has to cook dinner at home.

TIME Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

MorningJog with Nancy

Sport club8 a.m.

Yoga class 8:30GYM

Literature classRoom 9011

9 a.m.

Sculpture classCultural Center

11 a.m.

Afternoon

Library look

for info withNancyfornal

project1 p.m.

Hand in essayby4 p.m.

EveningDrinks with

friends @Bluebar 9 p.m.

Cook dinner athome 6 p.m.

TIME Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Morning

Spanishexam

10 a.m.Room 714

AfternoonMeet Sara to

talk to ProfessorRedgrave

Have lunch withRich

downtown2 p.m.

Write essay onRussian Culture

and Customs

Evening

Lecture ondynamics in

languageteaching5 p.m.

Fine Arts PalaceAustrian

Children Choir7 30 p.m.

CelebrateArthurs BdayThe Martini Pub

9 30 p.m.

Schedule 2

Schedule 1


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B. Write ten questions referring to Schedules 1 and 2, using the question words Where? What time? When?Also use the expression have to.

Example: Where does Alice have to go on Monday morning?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

C. Now look at Alices weekend schedule. Work with a classmate, and use the chart to ask and answerquestions about what Alice does on weekends.

Example: a) Does Alice get up early on Saturday mornings?b) Yes, she sometimes gets up early on Saturday mornings.

Always = A Usually = U Sometimes = S Hardly ever = H Never = N

Timegets up

earlygoes tobed late

watchesTV

goes toa movie

goes toa play

goes toa concert

playstennis

goes tothe

library

goes outwith

friendsstudies

worksout

Mornings S N H A

Afternoons U A H

Evenings A A N

Mornings N U H U U

Afternoons S N H

Evenings S

D.Talk with a classmate about what you both do onyour weekends. Your teacher will ask some of you to present your conversation tothe whole class.


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E. Write 5 sentences using information about what you do on your weekends.

1. ____________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________

5. ____________________________________________________________

V. CLOZE

A. Complete the text about Halloween with words from the box.

people receive masks now house shout do

play on protect word rst see a

Around Halloween, jack-o-lanterns

and pictures of witches and ghosts

begin to appear in windows of the

houses. (1) _________ .

Halloween night; you can

(2) ______________

children wearing costumes and

(3)_______ going from house

to (4) _________. They knock on

doors, (5) __________Trick or

Treat and (6) ________ candy.

If the children (7)__________ not

receive treats (candy) at

(8) _________ certain house, they

will (9) __________ a trick on the

(10)_________ who live there.

The (11) __________ Halloween

means All Saints Eve. At

(12)__________ , it was observed

to (13) __________ people from

evil spirits. (14) __________, its

just a custom.


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B. Listen and check your answers.

C.Discuss these questions with a classmate:

How do you celebrate November 1st and 2nd?What special dishes do you cook?

What else do you know about Halloween?What are the differences between these customs in Mexico and the U.S.?

Now, go to page 134 to continue with extra activities

VI. MY SCHEDULE

A. Write your plans for the week in the schedule below.

Time Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Sunday

Morning

Afternoon

Evening

B.Talk with a partner about your plans for the whole week.Use these words and time expressions:

always (every day) on Sunday morningusually at 7 oclock / nightsometimes from 8 a.m. tohardly ever in the afternoon.

C.Discuss these questions in small groups:What time do you have to wake up on weekdays?Where do you usually go on weekends?When do you do the laundry?Do you go to parties on Saturday night?What time do you wake up on Sundays?

1.15 Listen


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VII. OFFICIAL SCHOOL CALENDAR

Listentothespeakerandllinthechartwiththeinformationyouhear.

OFFICIAL SCHOOL

CALENDAR

DATE

Enrollment

Beginning of classes

Duration of the school semester

Evaluation

Vacation

Break between school years

1.16 Listen

1.17 Listen

RHYME

I see the moon,

And the moon sees me;

God bless the moon,

And God bless me.

VIII. ERROR IDENTIFICATION

Find the mistakes, and then write each sentence correctly in the space provided.

1. Im study law in the nights.

2. Hes an lawyer for these company.

3. My husbands a dentist. I too.

4. Shes very much happy.

5. He dont never get up early.


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PROVERB

RHYME

I was always patient with that student. He

always had all kind of excuses, but not

doing his homework again was

the last drop that made the cup run over!

The last drop makes the cup run over.

For every evil under the sun,

There is a remedy or there is none.

If there be one, try and nd it;

If there be none, never mind it.

1.18 Listen

6. Does she aerobics every mornings?

7. Is hes fathers friend a doctor?

8. Always I fell hungry at the ten oclock.

9. We can to go to movie the saturday.

10. In the vacations, I go to Cuernavaca.

11. Lets to study in the home on Friday afternoon.

12. She doesnt has a good work.

13. Youre great teacher, no?

14.Myrstclassstartat8onsharp.

15. He will gets to home before her son does.


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LANGUAGE REVIEW UNIT 1

COMMUNICATIVE AIMS LANGUAGE SAMPLE LANGUAGE

Ask and answer yes/no questionsabout the past.

Past tense

ed regular verbsafrmative

did auxiliary fornegative andquestions

be was were

I stayed home last night.

Did you study Spanish lastsemester?Yes, I did.

Did Juan write an e-mail to hisparents?No, he didnt.

When were you born?I was born in 1985.

Ask and talk about things you canor cant do.

Can verbAlso used in questions andnegatives

Can you speak French?No, I cant.You can see many old buildingsdowntown.

Talk about things you have to do. Have to / necessity / obligation Ihavetonishthisreporttoday.

Ask, talk about and makearrangements to do something.

Can you go to the movies onSunday?Do you want to watch TV?Lets have a cup of coffee.That sounds like fun.

Im sorry, I cant.I have to study.Okay.Sure

Talk and ask about dates, holidaysand customs.

on exact dates: month/ day

in years, months andseasons

atspecictime

specicaddress

Whens the Day of the Dead?Its on November 1st.Its in January.Its in the winter.

Its at 5 oclock.I live at 22 Madison Ave.


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VOCABULARY

CONTENT WORDS FUNCTION WORDS

Days

SundayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday

Foreign languages

ItalianGermanEnglishFrenchPortugueseSpanish

was (nt) were (nt)

did (nt)can (t)letsthroughtowards

Months

JanuaryFebruaryMarch

April

MayJuneJuly

AugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember

Ordinal numbers

rst(1st.)

second (2nd.)third (3rd.)fourth (4th.)

twenty-eighth (28th.), etc.

Adverbs

for instance = for example

nextthen Sequence wordsnally

Adjectives

briefelderlyhallowed

outstandingpleasant

Verbs

displayenrollhave to

holdlightmeltpass awaysendspeak(was / were) born

Nounsformerskullssoul


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II. MATCHING

A. Choose the correct short answer for the question according to the dialogue.

A B

1. Did Nancy stay in Mexico at Christmas time? ____ a) No, she doesnt.

2. Did Juan help Alice to study Spanish literature? ____ b) Yes, she did.

3. Was Nancy sick the day of the concert? ____ c) No, she didnt.

4. Did Alice and Nancy study a lot during vacation? ____ d) Yes, she was.

5. Is Juan Alices friend? ____ e) No, she wasnt

6. Was Alice homesick? ____ f) No, they didnt.

7. Does Nancy like classical music very much? ____ g) Yes, he did.

8. Did Alice like the posadas? ____ h) Yes, he is.


2.2 Listen.

C.

Do you like posadas?Who do you spend Christmas with?What about the New Years Eve?How do you celebrate both of them?Do you know how similar or different these customs are in Mexico and the U.S.?Now, go to page 136 to continue with extra activities

NOTE:

UsetheauxiliariesDO/DOEStomakequestionsaboutthePRESENT.

UsetheauxiliaryDIDtomakequestionsaboutthePAST.

PresentformsofBE:amisare

PastformsofBE:was-were


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III. QUESTION WORDS

Choose a question word from the box to complete each of the following questions according to the answergiven.

WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE HOW WHY

1. _____________ was your literature test? OK, I guess.

2. _____________ did Nancy visit her parents? In December.

3. _____________ did Alice do last December? She stayed in Mexico.

4. _____________ did Nancy spend her last vacation with? Her parents.

5. _____________ was Vicente Fox elected president? In 2000.

6. _____________ was Benito Juarez born? In Oaxaca.

7. _____________ did you get to school this morning? By bus.

8. _____________ did the doctor say? He said my arm was OK.

9. _____________ did the baby cry? Because he was hungry.10. _____________ were you yesterday? I was at home.

IV. VERB TENSES

Put the following verbs into the correct columns.

makes / was / enjoyed / loved / goes / have / stayed / say / were / go / visit / studiedlike/learn/gets/wanted/study/open/studies/likes/is/had/nish/start/enjoys/look/visited

BASE FORM orPRESENT TENSE

PRESENT TENSE3rd PERSON SINGULAR

PAST TENSE


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THINK

How do you form the past tense of?PRESENT PAST PRESENT PAST

I am I _________ I study I __________You are You ______ You study You _______He is He _______ He studies He ________To check the rules of past tense of regular and irregular verbs, go to appendices

B1 and B2.

V. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE QUIZ

Alice and Nancy are taking a break from their study session to answer a quizz. Help them decide if thefollowing statements are TRUE or FALSE. Write T or F.


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HOW MUCH DO YOU KNOW?

TRUE FALSE

1. The Mississippi river in the U.S.A. is longer than the Rio Grandebetween Mexico and the U.S.A.

______ ______

2. Australia is larger than Brazil. ______ ______

3. The Burj Khalifa in Dubai is the tallest building in the world. ______ ______

4. Chile is smaller than Colombia. ______ ______

5. Pablo Picasso painted the most expensive painting ever sold. ______ ______

6. The African elephant is the heaviest animal in the world. ______ ______

7. The Nile River is the longest in the world. ______ ______

8. Texas is the largest state in the U.S.A. ______ ______

9.The World Trade Center in Mexico City is taller than TorreReforma.

______ ______

10. An adult bison is heavier than an adult giraffe. ______ ______

11. Morelos is the smallest state in Mexico. ______ ______

12.The Matalcueyetl volcano (La Malinche) is higher than theXinantecatl Volcano (Nevado de Toluca).

______ ______

13. Living in Switzerland is more expensive than living in Mexico. ______ ______

14. Mt. McKinley is the highest mountain in Europe. ______ ______

SEE NEXT PAGE TO CHECK YOUR ANSWERS.


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Answer Key

HOW MUCH DO YOU KNOW?

F 1.The Mississippi Missouri River is the 4th longest river in the world. It is approximately 6,400 kmlong, while the Rio Grande, which divides Mexico from the U.S.A., is 3,057 km long.

F 2.Brazil is about 8,514,000 km2 (square kilometers). Its larger than Australia which has anapproximate area of 7,686,000 km2.

T 3.The Burj Khalifa Tower in the United Arab Emirates is nowadays the tallest building in the world. Ithas162oorsanditis828meterstall.

T 4.Chile has a smaller area than Colombia. It has an area of 756,096 km2 while Colombia has anarea of 1,141,748 km2.

F 5.The most expensive painting ever sold is No. 5, by American painter Jackson Pollock. Someonepaid for it $140 million USD in 2004.

F 6. The heaviest animal in the world is the blue whale.

T 7. The Nile River is the longest one in the world. Its 6,650 km long.

F 8. Alaska is the largest state in the U.S.A.

F 9. TheTorreReformaBuildinginMexicoCityhas57oors;itstallerthanTheWorldTradeCenterwhichonlyhas50oors.

F 10. An adult giraffe has an average weight of 1,200 kg. Its heavier than an average 800 kg bison.

F 11.Tlaxcala is the smallest state. Mexico City is smaller than Tlaxcala, but Mexico City is notconsidered a state.

F 1 2. The Nevado de Toluca is higher than La Malinche.

T 13. At least 3 cities in Switzerland are ranked among the 50 most expensive cities to live in in theworld. Mexico is not even in the list.

F 14. Mt. McKinley in Alaska is the highest mountain in North America.


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A. Fill in the spaces with the correct preposition: in,on, orat.

1. The Mexican Revolution began _______ 1910.

2.Independence Day in the U.S.A. is _______July 4th.

3.Benito Juarez was born _______ March 21st.

_______ 1806.

4.The demolition of the Berlin Wall started

_______ 1989.

5.The Grito de Independencia is given _______11:00 p.m. _______ September 15th.

B. Use but orand.

1. Switzerland is an expensive country,_________ Japan is too.

2.The Aztecs were warriors, __________ theMayan werent.

3.Elsa Avila climbed Mt. Everest, _________Karla Weehlock did too.

4.Napoleon died in 1821, _________ Josephinedidnt.

5.PorrioDiazwasadictator,_________Manuel

Noriega was too.

VI. PREPOSITIONS AND CONNECTORS


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PROVERB

RHYME

Difcult situations inspire ingenious

solutions.

HOW MUCH DO YOU KNOW ABOUT PROVERBS?Do you agree or disagree with the following proverb?

Discuss your ideas with your partners and share your

conclusions with the group.

2.3 Listen

Necessity is the mother of invention.

See a pin and pick it up.

All the day youll have good luck.

See a pin and let it lie,

All the day your luck will y.


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TRY IT OUT

I. PRONUNCIATION

A. Mark ( 7) the correct past verb pronunciation of these verbs.

/t/ /d/ /ld/

1. walked

2. needed

3. laughed

4. skated

5. moved

6. mended

7. explained

8. talked

9. planted

10. cooked

11. invited

12. worked

13. prepared

14. fainted

15. turned

16. pushed

17. picked

18. pulled

19. checked

20. sounded


2.4 Listen


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NOTE:

PRONUNCIATION OF REGULAR VERBS IN THE PAST TENSE

The /-ed/ ending of regular past tense verbs is not pronounced as aseparate syllable. It is pronounced either /t/ or /d/. Exceptions are regular

verbs that end in the /t/ or /d/ sound such as wait or land. These verbsdo pronounce/ed/as a separate syllable/d/.

General rules:

1) Verbs that end with voiced sounds: the past forms are pronounced as

voiced too.

live - lived =/d/

2) Verbs that end with voiceless sounds: the past forms are pronounced

as voiceless too.

walk - walked =/t/

Voiceless sounds endings:/s/, /f/, /k/, /p/, and//(as in watch)

3) Verbs that end in a /d/ or /t/ (spelling): Letters ed of the past tense

form, are both pronounced.

pretend pretended =/d/

NOTE:IF THE REGULAR VERB ENDS IN:

-e,addd(livelived;likeliked).

aconsonantplus-y,changetheytoaniandadded(drydried;

study studied).avowelplus-y,justadded(playplayed;stay-stayed).

asinglestressedvowelplusaconsonant,inone-syllablewords,

double the consonant and add ed (plan planned; stop stopped;gag gagged; ram rammed).Exception: when it ends in a single stressed vowel plus x, just added because the x really represents two consonant sounds /ks/

(xxed;mixmixed).

asinglestressedvowelplusaconsonant,intwo-syllablewords,

double the consonant and add ed (refer referred; permit permitted; omit omitted).

asingleunstressedvowelplusaconsonant,intwoormoresyllable

words, just add ed (travel traveled; open opened; offer offered).-c,addkplused(panicpanicked,picnicpicnicked).

Therestoftheverbsthatdonottintothepreviousrules,added

(end ended; walk walked; etc.).

C. Whats the past tense of these verbs? Read the note below before doing the exercise.

1. refer __________ 4. decide __________ 7. involve __________

2.x__________ 5.cry_____________8.travel__________

3. clap __________ 6. stop ____________ 9. play_____________


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D. Complete the sentences using one of the verbs from the box.

talked / moved / invited / laughed / cooked

1. Lisa __________ me to a graduation party next Saturday.

2. My mother __________ a turkey and potato salad for Christmas.

3. New neighbors __________ in next to my apartment.

4. Nobody __________ at her joke! It was really lousy!

5. I called Sam and we __________ on the phone for about two hours.

II. FAMOUS PERSONAGES

A. Write the name of a famous character you know in: B.

Ask your partner pertinent data about the followinggures.

Example: When was Frida Kahlo born?Where was she born?Where did she live?Why was she famous?When did she die?

Music ___________________________________

___________________________________

History ___________________________________

___________________________________

Art ___________________________________

___________________________________

FRIDA KAHLO

Born: Mexico City, 1907Lived: Mexico and NewYorkPainted: Las dos FridasDied: 1954

NAPOLEONBONAPARTE

Born: Corsica, 1769Lived: France and ItalyConquered: EgyptDied: 1821

FRANCISCO GONZLEZBOCANEGRA

Born: San Luis Potos,1824Lived: Spain and MexicoWrote: The National

AnthemDied: 1861

YVES SAINT LAURENT

Born: Algeria, 1936Lived: Paris andMarrakechDesigned: clothes forCatherine DeneuveDied: 2008


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C. Think about a famous character you know and write a paragraph about him/her.

III. INFORMATION GAP ACTIVITY

A.Whatsthepasttenseoftheseverbs?Workwithapartnertondout.Alltheseverbsareirregular;youcan

use your dictionary.

Infnitive Past tense Infnitive Past tense

1. stand 7. spend

2. begin 8. catch

3. send 9. buy

4. forget 10. forgive

5. write 11. do

6. come 12. eat

B. Work with a partner. Student A looks at Chart 1, Student B looks at Chart 2. Ask and answer questionsabout following characters, using the following questions:

Who was __________________?When / Where was he/she born?What did he/she do for a living?What historical fact was he/she famous for?

When did he/she die?

Example:

a) Who was Ana Pavlova?b) She was a famous dancer.a) When was she born?b) She was born in (etc., etc.)


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Chart 1. Student A

Name Birth date Nationality OccupationInteresting

factDeathdate

Ana Pavlova Russian Danced the

Mexican HatDance inMxico in 1919

Louis Pasteur 1822 Scientist 1895

Miguel deCervantes

Spanish Wrote DonQuixote

Leonardo DaVinci

1452 Painter 1519

Pyotr I.Tchaikovsky

Russian ComposedTheNutcrackerSuite

Friedrich vonSchiller

1759 Poet 1805

Lady Diana English Divorced aPrince in theBritishMonarchy

AristotleOnassis

1906 Shippingmagnate

1975

Chart 2. Student B

Name Birth date Nationality OccupationInteresting

factDeathdate

Ana Pavlova 1881 Dancer 1931

Louis Pasteur French Inventedpasteurization

Miguel deCervantes

1547 Writer 1616

Leonardo DaVinci

Italian Painted TheLast Supper

Pyotr I.Tchaikovsky

1840 Composer 1893

Friedrich vonSchiller

German Wrote Ode toJoy

Lady Diana 1961 Princess 1997

AristotleOnassis

Greek Married JackieKennedy


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IV. QUESTIONS IN PAST YESTERDAY

With a partner, ask and answer questions about the information in the chart.

Example:

a) What time did Alice get up?

b She got up at 6:00.

get up(got)

take ashower

or abath

(took)

eatfor

breakfast(ate)

go afterbreakfast

(went)

have abreak(had)

comehome

(came)

have forlunch(had)

do in theevening

(did,wached)

eat forsupper

(ate)

go tobed

(went)

Alice

6:00 shower toast andcoffee

school 11:00 by bus soup,chicken

andsalad

Watch TV hot cocoand

tamales

10:00

Juan8:30 bath fried

eggs andbacon

ofce 11:00 by car aburger

do

homework

a

sandwichand milk

11:30

V. SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

A.MatchcolumnsAandBtondsimilaritiesanddifferencesasintheexamples.

Differences:

Helen isnt a teacher, but Bob is.Mary can cook, but Billy cant.

Similarities:

Bob is a teacher, and Alice is too.Billy isnt a teacher, and Helen isnt either.Helen cooks well, and Alice does too.Bob cant cook, and Billy cant either.

A B

1. Helen can drive, and a) Bob cant.

2. Bob cant drive, and b) Billy doesnt.

3. Helen can drive, but c) Billy is too.

4. Bob lives in an apartment, and d) Alice cant either.

5. Helen doesnt live in an apartment, and e) Alice isnt either.

6. Alice lives in an apartment, but f) Paty wasnt.

7. Bob is at home, and g) Alice does too

8. Helen isnt a doctor, and h) Mary didnt.

9. Billy is an engineer, but i) Billy doesnt either.

10. Bob was at a party last night, and j) Helen isnt.

11. Richard was at home yesterday, but k) Billy can too.

12. Nadia worked yesterday, but l) Paty was too.


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B. Use the chart of exercise IV to express similarities and differences.

Example:Alice had a break at 11:00, and Juan did, too.Juan got up at 8:00, but Alice didnt.Juan didnt have salad for lunch, and Alice didnt either.

C. Complete the chart with the activities you carried out yesterday; then ask your partner about his/heractivities yesterday.

Example:a) What time did you get up yesterday?b) I got up at 5:00 a.m.

get up(got)

take ashower

or abath

(took)

eatfor

breakfast(ate)

go afterbreakfast

(went)

have abreak(had)

comehome(came)

have forlunch(had)

do in theevening

(did,watched)

eat forsupper

(ate)

go tobed

(went)

You

Yourpartner

D. Write ten sentences expressing similarities or differences about the activities you and your partner carriedout yesterday. Use your previous chart as a guide.

1. ____________________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________________

5. ____________________________________________________________________

6. ____________________________________________________________________

7. ____________________________________________________________________8. ____________________________________________________________________

9. ____________________________________________________________________

10. ___________________________________________________________________


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VI. WORD COMPLETION

A.NancylearnedaboutChichenItzainherclass.Completetheparagraph.Therstletterofthewordthatis

missing is given. Number 1 is an example.

Chichen Itza is an archaeological 1) site of the Mayan

civilization on the Yucatan Peninsula of2) M______. It is one of the most visited 3) t_______

attractions. It was given the status of World Heritage

Site in 1988 by the UNESCO, and recently selected

as one of the New Seven 4) W_______ of the World.

Many tourists visit this place, especially 5) f_______

Cancun. This archaeological site is one hour and

thirty minutes away from Merida, the capital of

Yucatan. The 6) M____________ communities near

Chichen Itza have developed plenty of 7) w_________

attractions for travelers to learn about the Mayan

Cultural heritage. It is recommended to schedulea 8) n_____ or two in Chichen Itza to enjoy all the

9) a_________ that they offer. In Chichen Itza, there is

a park and a museum and, if so desired, the

10) g________ services.

B. Now listen and check your answers.

VII. REDUCED FORMS

A. Write the words that you hear.

1. What ______________________________ last weekend?

2. Where ___________________ go yesterday?

3. When ______________________________ go to a wedding?

4. Where ____________________ born?

5. What time ____________________ go __________ bed last Sunday?

6. ____________________ have eggs __________ breakfast?7. When ______________________________ go __________ Acapulco?

8. How ______________________________ on __________ English test?

9. When ____________________ birthday?

10. Where ____________________ eat lunch yesterday?

2.5 Listen

2.6 Listen


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C. Use the same previous sentences, and change them to yes / no questions and negative sentences in thepast tense.

EXAMPLES:

Statement Questions Negative

She lives in Mexico. Did she live in Mexico? She didnt live in Mexico.

QUESTIONS (yes / no questions) NEGATIVE

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

D. Now, with a classmate, ask and answer questions. Example:

A) When was the last time you played a musical instrument?B) When I was 11 years old. I played the guitar.

A) Did you like it?B) Yes, I did. But, I dont play it anymore / And, I still play it.

You can use: cook dinner, watch TV, help your family,travel to other countries, etc.

II. PAST TENSE (IRREGULAR VERBS)

There are many verbs in English that arent regular in their past form. Instead of adding the ed ending, theychange their spelling (or stay the same.)

SEE B-2

NOTE:

The irregular verbs are the oldest ones in the English Language.There are about 180 of them. The good news is that you will only haveto learn more or less 80 because they are the most commonly used,and youll have to learn them by heart.


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A. Change these sentences or questions to the past, using the time words given.

1. She is in Cuernavaca. (last week)

____________________________________________________

2. When is your birthday party?

____________________________________________________

3. They speak German. (when they were kids)

____________________________________________________

4. I take a bath at 7. (this morning)

____________________________________________________

5. She has scrambled eggs with beans. (yesterday)

____________________________________________________

6. Sara has a headache. (yesterday afternoon)

____________________________________________________

7. Robert gets up at 7:30 a.m. (every day last week)

____________________________________________________

8. He writes novels. (10 years ago)

____________________________________________________

9. Noah buys the groceries. (a week ago)

____________________________________________________

10. We sing in the choir. (last year)

____________________________________________________

11. They go camping with their cousins. ( last month)

____________________________________________________

12. Romeo drives home. (last night)

____________________________________________________

13.Theyytomanyhistoricalsites.(ontheirlastvacation)

____________________________________________________

14. Charlie goes to Cancun. (2 days ago)

____________________________________________________

15. Eve comes with her parents. (last week)

____________________________________________________


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B. Further practice: Give short NO answers and giveextra information using the words given.

EXAMPLE:-Did you go to the concert last night? (Moms birthday party)

-No, I didnt. I went to my Moms birthday party.

1. Did you want a hot tea? (cold)

_____________________________________

2.DidRichardnishpaintinghishouse?(room)

_____________________________________

3. Did Laura organize the meeting with our new boss?

(Hilda)

______________________________________

4. Did the cook bake the cookies? (the bread)

______________________________________

5. Did Anne design the website? (Lorena)

______________________________________

6. Did Lety play the cello last night? (2 days ago)

______________________________________

7. Did Ian put the toys away? (Bianca)

______________________________________

8. Did Nasdira apply the make-up exam? (Robert)

______________________________________

C. Complete the questions for each answer.

1. What _________________________________?

I went to a concert with Eduardo.

2. Where ________________________________?

She lived in a small town near Paris.

3. Who__________________________________?

I danced with Vianey all night long.

4. When ________________________________?

The party was last night.

5. Why__________________________________?

We got up at 5:30 a.m. because she had to be at

the airport early.

PROVERB

I know I seem cheap when I dont give

money to the beggars, but a penny savedis a penny earned.

A penny saved is a penny earned.


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III. COMPARISONS

Nancy and Alice are thinking about renting a place together next semester. They are comparing an apartmentand a house. Read the newspapers ads.

SEE A- 5

Small house

Excellent condition; located

about 15 min. from the university.

Built in 1985. Peaceful

neighborhood with beautiful

country atmosphere and no

smog! The lot is 150m2 (10m

x15m). The house has 2

bedrooms, 1 bathroom,

kitchen, living room, dining room,

TV room. Rent $800 a month.

Small apartment

Near the university and shopping

centers. Public transportation

close by.

Built in 1981. Good condition. 2

bedrooms, 1 study, 1 bathroom,

built-in kitchen, living and diningroom. Abundant water supply.

Garage for one car. Rent $750 a

month.


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76

A. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the adjective given.

1. The apartment is _______________________ than the house. (cheap)

2. The house is __________________________ than the apartment. (expensive)

3. The house is __________________________ than the apartment. (big)

4. The apartment is _______________________ than the house. (small)5. The house is __________________________ than the apartment. (new)

6. The apartment is _______________________ than the house. (old)

7. Living in a house is _____________________ than living in the apartment. (peaceful)

8. The apartment is _______________________ to the university than the house. (close)

B. With a classmate, start a conversation and do the following:

a) Make new sentences comparing the house and the apartment.

b) Compare your neighborhoods (where each one of you lives).

C. Answer the questions with your own information. Write complete answers.

1. Which team is better, Pumas or America?

________________________________________________

2. Which place is more beautiful, Mexico or Canada?

________________________________________________

3. Which car is more expensive, a Jetta or a Beetle?

________________________________________________

4.Whichlanguageismoredifculttolearn,EnglishorSpanish?

________________________________________________

5. Which currency is more expensive, the dollar or the euro?

________________________________________________

D. Conversation

With a classmate, compare two famous people, two places, two things, or

two animals. Your teacher will ask some of you to present your conversation to

the whole class.

Ideas:

Famoussingers,presidents,moviestars,footballplayers,etc.

Countries,schools,cities,towns,volcanoes,monuments,etc.

Computers,textbooks,cars,TVprograms,etc.

Dogsandcats,elephantsandgiraffes,snakesandspiders,dolphinsand

sharks, etc.


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IV. SUPERLATIVES

SEE A 6

Jim Robert Karin

A. Complete the sentences with the superlative form of the adjectives given.

1. Jim ___________________________________________. (young)

2. Robert ________________________________________. (handsome)

3. Karin _________________________________________. (old)

4. Robert _______________________________________. (rich)

5. Robert ________________________________________. (tall)

6. Jim ___________________________________________. (short)

7. Karin __________________________________________. (bored)8. Jim ___________________________________________. (funny)

9. Karin__________________________________________. (intelligent)

10. Jim ___________________________________________. (unfriendly)

B. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the most expensive car in the world?

________________________________________________________________

2. What is the highest building in the world?

________________________________________________________________3. What is the biggest mammal?

________________________________________________________________

4. What is the best soccer team in the world?

________________________________________________________________

5. What is the largest country in the world?

________________________________________________________________


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C. ConversationWith a partner, discuss the previous topics.

Example: a) What is the biggest mammal?b) The whale is the biggest mammal.

a) Do you like whales? / What do you know about whales?b) Yes, I do. / They are beautiful to watch; etc.

RHYME

Multiplication is vexation,

Division is as bad;

The rule perplexes me,

And practice drives me mad.

2.8 Listen

V. WORD ORDER

A. Put the following statements or questions in the correct word order.

1. went / studied / Maria / to / and / Inca / Peru / culture / the /.

2. Cortes / his / gold / Moctezuma / gifts / and / soldiers / gave / precious / many / of / and / jewels /.

3. for / history / I / studied / my / Mexican / exam / yesterday /.

4. vacation / I / very / in / liked / Christmas / my / Veracruz / much /.

5. girlfriend / vacation / go / Juans / for / year / this / didnt / home /.

6. family / go / her / Alice / see / month / home / did / to / last / ? /.

7. likes / do / my / and / husbands / ice cream / mother / I / too / my /.

8. his / I /Jorge / do / and / didnt / homework / didnt / either /.

9. Tenochtitlan / of / the / was / in / city / bigger / Oaxaca / than / Mitla /.

10. classes / where / you / after / did / go / yesterday / ? /


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B.Take a look at your favorite actors, actresses, singers, etc.

With a partner, start a conversation like this:

a) Who is the most handsome?b) Luis Miguel is the most handsome because he has

beautiful eyes, and a charming smile.

VI. VIEWING, READING AND RESPONDING

A. Underline all the past tense verbs in the text.

He was inspired to become a medical missionary and studied medicine from 1905-1913. Schweitzer raisedmoney for a hospital in Lambarn in Africa partly by giving concerts for the Paris Bach Society. In 1913, hebeganservinginLambarn,wherehisrstconsultingroomwasachickencoop!

In 1912, Schweitzer married Helene Bresslau, who took up nursing in order to share her husbands work.They had one daughter, Rhena, born in 1919. World War I interrupted their construction of the hospital inLambarn.ThisinterruptiongaveSchweitzertimetoreectoncivilization.Thesignicanceofreverencefor

life came to him while he was on an African river trip. For Schweitzer, all creatures were, in a sense, one. He

wrote about this view in Philosophy of Civilization (1923).In 1924, Schweitzer built a new medical complex with the help of young African men. Many Africans went therefor help, including many with leprosy. In later life, Schweitzer gave a speech on the problem ofpeace in todays world at the ceremony in which he accepted the Novel Peace Prize.When he died in 1965, the Africans buried him in Lambarn in a simple grave beside his wife.

A PERSON TO ADMIRE

The history professor asked the students to mention aperson they admired and to write a report on the personslife. Alice chose the following personage. Read thebiography and do the exercise that follows.

ALBERT SCHWEITZER

Albert Schweitzer was a brilliant philosopher, doctor,musician, clergyman and writer. Early in his career, hebased his philosophy on what he called reverence forlife. He also felt a deep sense of obligation to servehumanity directly. Schweitzers many years of work as ahumanitarian won for him the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize.Born in 1875 near the border between France andGermany, he went to school in both countries. At the ageof 21, Schweitzer decided to spend his next nine years

in science, music and preaching. He had an internationalreputation as a writer on religion before he turned 30. Healso became an organist, and an authority on organbuilding and on Johann Sebastian Bach.


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B. Within the chart, write the verbs you underlined, and on their right, include the form ofthe simple present of each one of them. Two examples are given.

VERB VERB VERB

was am, is, are

based base

C. Answer the following questions:

1. What year did Schweitzer win the Novel Peace Prize?

_________________________________________________________________

2. When was Schweitzer born?

_________________________________________________________________

3. Where did Schweitzer go to school?

_________________________________________________________________4. What did Schweitzer do between the ages 21 and 30?

_________________________________________________________________

5. How did Schweitzer raise money to build a hospital in Lambarn?

_________________________________________________________________

6.WhatwasSchweitzersrstconsultingroom?

_________________________________________________________________

7. What did Helene Bresslau study?

_________________________________________________________________

8. What interrupted the construction of the hospital?_________________________________________________________________

9. What disease is mentioned in the text?

_________________________________________________________________

10. Who is Albert Schweitzer buried next to?

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