Basic Health Statistics

2012

Porcupine Health Unit

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Basic Health Statistics Porcupine Health Unit 2012

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Table of ContentsDemographics .....................................................................................................................................7a. Population Size ...........................................................................................................................................7 Figure 1: Percentage change in the Population of the Porcupine Health Unit, 2001 to 2011 ..........7b. Population Breakdown ............................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 2: A Comparison of the population breakdown for Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario ......8 Figure 3: Aboriginal identity population in Porcupine Health Unit And Ontario ...........................10 Figure 4: Linguistic distribution of the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario ..................................11c. High School Completion ........................................................................................................................12 Figure 5: High school graduates aged 25 to 29, Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario .....................12d. Unemployment Rate ................................................................................................................................ 13 Figure 6: Proportion of the labour force aged 15 and over who did not have a job .........................13

Mortality ...............................................................................................................................................14a. Leading Causes of Death ..........................................................................................................................14b. Infant Mortality .......................................................................................................................................14 Figure 7: Infant mortality rates for Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario .........................................14c. Life Expectancy .........................................................................................................................................15 Figure 8: Life expectancy at birth for Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario ......................................15d. Mortality Rates ........................................................................................................................................16 Figure 9: Mortality rates for some leading causes of death in the Porcupine Health Unit area compared to Ontario ...........................................................................................................................16

Morbidity ..............................................................................................................................................17 Figure 10: A comparison of the proportion of residents with selected chronic diseases between the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario ....................................................................................................17 Figure 11: A comparison of the rates of hospitalization for stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between residents of the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario ...............................................18 Figure 12: A comparison of the rates of hospitalization for injuries between residents of the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario ....................................................................................................19

Risk Factors ........................................................................................................................................20 Figure 13: A comparison of the proportion of selected self-reported risk factors between the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario ....................................................................................................20

Other Markers of Health .........................................................................................................21a. Perceived Health .......................................................................................................................................21 Figure 14: A comparison of the proportion of residents between the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario who rated their health as very good or excellent ................................................................21b. Physician to Population Ratio .................................................................................................................22 Figure 15: A comparison of the physician to population ratio in the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario .................................................................................................................................................22

Helpful Notes .....................................................................................................................................23

Basic Health Statistics 2012

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South West

CentralWest

Central East

Porcupine

Porcupine Health Unit 2012 Basic Health Statistics

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1. DEMOGRAPHICSa. Population Size

The population of the Porcupine Health Unit area, based on the 2011 census, is 82,165.

Figure 1: Percentage change in the Population of the Porcupine Health Unit, 2001 to 2011

2001 Population

% Change 2001 - 2006

2006 Population

% Change 2006 - 2011

2011 Population

PHU 88,095 -4.50% 84,159 -1.87% 82,165Ontario 11,410,046 +6.60% 12,160,282 +5.70% 12,851,815

Source: Statistics Canada, 2001, 2006, 2011 Census (estimates)

The population of the Porcupine Health Unit catchment area decreased by 4.5% between 2001 and 2006 and decreased further by 1.87% between 2006 and 2011 while Ontario increased by 6.6% between 2001 and 2006 and increased further by 5.7% between 2006 and 2011.

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b. Population Breakdown

Figure 2: A Comparison of the population breakdown for Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario

Porcupine Health UnitPopulation (count) Population (%)

Male Female Both Male Female Both 0 to 4 years 2,315 2,210 4,525 2.8 2.7 5.5

5 to 9 years 2,240 2,185 4,425 2.7 2.7 5.4

10 to 14 years 2,630 2,415 5,045 3.2 2.9 6.1

15 to 19 years 2,860 2,730 5,590 3.5 3.3 6.8

20 to 24 years 2400 2,390 4,790 2.9 2.9 5.8

25 to 29 years 2,320 2,245 4,565 2.8 2.7 5.6

30 to 34 years 2,230 2,415 4,645 2.7 2.9 5.7

35 to 39 years 2,390 2,390 4,780 2.9 2.9 5.8

40 to 44 years 2,655 2,830 5,485 3.2 3.4 6.7

45 to 49 years 3,455 3,435 6,890 4.2 4.2 8.4

50 to 54 years 3,730 3,615 7,345 4.5 4.4 8.9

55 to 59 years 3,285 3,045 6,330 4.0 3.7 7.7

60 to 64 years 2,700 2,635 5,335 3.3 3.2 6.5

65 to 69 years 1,955 1,870 3,825 2.4 2.3 4.7

70 to 74 years 1,380 1,615 2,995 1.7 2.0 3.6

75 to 79 years 1,185 1,320 2,505 1.4 1.6 3.0

80 to 84 years 725 995 1,720 0.9 1.2 2.1

85 years and over 430 940 1370 0.5 1.1 1.7

Total population 40,885 41,280 82,165 49.8 50.2 100.0

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 census

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OntarioPopulation (count) Population (%)

Male Female Both Male Female Both 0 to 4 years 360,590 343,670 704,260 2.8 2.7 5.5

5 to 9 years 365,290 347,465 712,755 2.8 2.7 5.5

10 to 14 years 391,630 372,125 763,755 3.0 2.9 5.9

15 to 19 years 443,680 419,950 863,630 3.5 3.3 6.7

20 to 24 years 432,490 420,415 852,905 3.4 3.3 6.6

25 to 29 years 400,045 415,075 815,120 3.1 3.2 6.3

30 to 34 years 383,340 417,030 800,370 3.0 3.2 6.2

35 to 39 years 405,845 438,485 844,330 3.2 3.4 6.6

40 to 44 years 447,920 476,155 924,075 3.5 3.7 7.2

45 to 49 years 517,510 538,370 1,055,880 4.0 4.2 8.2

50 to 54 years 492,560 513,580 1,006,140 3.8 4.0 7.8

55 to 59 years 418,755 445,865 864,620 3.3 3.5 6.7

60 to 64 years 370,370 395,275 765,645 2.9 3.1 6.0

65 to 69 years 270,875 292,610 563,485 2.1 2.3 4.4

70 to 74 years 206,350 234,435 440,785 1.6 1.8 3.4

75 to 79 years 161,345 194,805 356,150 1.3 1.5 2.8

80 to 84 years 113,620 157,890 271,510 0.9 1.2 2.1

85 years and over 80,925 165,475 246,400 0.6 1.3 1.9

Total population 6,263,140 6,588,675 12,851,815 48.7 51.3 100.0

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 census

The above tables provide a breakdown of the population of the PHU and Ontario by age and gender. This is important because a population’s age and gender composition has an impact on its healthcare needs. While the age-specific population distribution of the Porcupine Health Unit area is mostly lower than that of Ontario below the age of 44, the age-specific population distribution is consistently higher in the Porcupine Health Unit compared to the province above the age of 45. This alludes to the fact that the PHU population is mostly an aging one.

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Figure 3: Aboriginal identity population in Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario

Ontario PHUAboriginal % 2.0 12.3

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

Perc

enta

ge

Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census

The percentage of people within the Porcupine Health Unit area who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group is 12.3% compared to 2% for Ontario.

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Figure 4: Linguistic distribution of the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario

51.1 45.9

3.0

69.3

4.1

26.6

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

English French Other

Perc

enta

ge

PHU

Ontario

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census

The above linguistic distribution is based on the mother tongue that residents reported was first learned at home in childhood and which they still understand at the time of the census. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the second language learned, which they still understand, is used to determine mother tongue. “Other” includes other non-official languages reported as the mother tongue (including aboriginal languages).

Most residents reported English and/or French as their mother tongue in the Porcupine Health Unit area. This is in contrast to the rest of Ontario where most residents have either English or another non-official language as their mother tongue.

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c. High School Completion

Figure 5: High school graduates aged 25 to 29, Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario

81.5 89.7

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

PHU Ontario

Perc

enta

ge PHU

Ontario

Source : Statistics Canada, 2006 Census

“High school graduate” refers to the possession of a secondary (high) school graduation certificate or its equivalent, regardless of whether other educational qualifications are held or not. A lower proportion of the population completed high schoool in the Porcupine Health Unit area compared to the rest of Ontario.

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d. Unemployment Rate

Figure 6: Proportion of the labour force aged 15 and over who did not have a job, 2007 to 2011

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Ontario 6.4 6.5 9.0 8.7 7.8

PHU 6.9 6.6 8.8 7.0 7.4

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

Perc

enta

ge

Source : Labour Force Survey (special tabulations), Statistics Canada, 2011

Unemployment predisposes individuals to an increased number of health problems. The chart above shows the proportion of the population 15 years and over who were unemployed relative to the total non-institutional population for 2007 to 2011.

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2. MORTALITYa. Leading Causes of DeathThe top 5 overall causes of death, in descending order, in the Porcupine Health Unit area include:

1. Ischaemic heart disease (includes MI, angina, etc.)2. Lung cancer3. Chronic lower respiratory diseases (includes asthma, COPDs, etc.)4. Cerebrovascular disease5. Dementia & Alzheimer Disease

Source: Ontario Mortality Data 2005–2009, IntelliHEALTH, Extracted December 27, 2012

b. Infant Mortality

Figure 7: Infant mortality rates for Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario

PHU OntarioRate 8.4 5.1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Rat

e pe

r 1,0

00 li

ve b

irths

Infant Mortality Rate

Source: Statistics Canada, Vital Statistics, Birth and Death Databases, 2005/2007

Infant mortality is the the death of a child under one year of age. Infant mortality rate is significantly higher for Porcupine Health Unit area than Ontario (8.4% vs. 5.1%).

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c. Life Expectancy

Figure 8: Life expectancy at birth for Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario

PHU OntarioMales 75.4 78.8Females 80.9 83.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Age

in y

ears

Life Expectancy at Birth

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database, 2007/2008

Life expectancy is an estimate of the number of years an individual of a given age is expected to live, based on current mortality rates. The life expectancy at birth for both sexes is lower for residents of the Porcupine Health Unit compared to Ontario residents in general.

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d. Mortality Rates

Figure 9: Mortality rates for some leading causes of death in the Porcupine Health Unit area compared to Ontario

All CancersCirculatory

DiseasesRespiratory

DiseasesUnintentional

InjuriesSuicides All Causes

PHU 189.4 211.9 58.7 33.3 15 669.4

Ontario 159.1 155.6 41.3 23.4 7.7 521.8

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Rat

e pe

r 100

000

popu

latio

n

Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database, 2005/2007

Circulatory diseases are the leading cause of death in the Porcupine Health Unit area, closely followed by cancers. This is in contrast to the rest of Ontario where cancers are the leading cause of death, followed by circulatory diseases.

Mortality rates from all causes is higher for Porcupine Health Unit than Ontario.

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3. MORBIDITY

Figure 10: A comparison of the proportion of residents with selected chronic diseases between the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario

Arthritis Diabetes Asthma High bloodpressure COPD

PHU 24 7.1 11.8 23.2 8.9

Ontario 17.3 6.8 8.3 17.4 4.2

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Perc

enta

ges

Source: Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2009/2010.

The rates of all measured chronic diseases above were higher for residents of the Porcupine Health Unit compared to Ontario residents. However, please note that the data above is based on the Canadian Community Health Survey which is a self-reported survey.

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Figure 11: A comparison of the rates of hospitalization for stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between residents of the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario

Hospitalized strokeHospitalized acute myocardial

infarction

PHU 144 401

Ontario 125 207

050

100150200250300350400450

Rat

e pe

r 100

,00

Source: Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), CIHI, April 1, 2012, to March 31, 2011

AMI and stroke are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Although not all cases of AMIs and stroke are admitted to a hospital, measuring the rate of hospitalization provides a useful and timely estimate of the disease occurrence in the population. The rate of hospitalization for both stroke and myocardial infarction is higher for residents of the Porcupine Health Unit compared to other Ontario residents.

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Figure 12: A comparison of the rates of hospitalization for injuries between residents of the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario

PHU Ontario

from Injuries Hospitalizations 734 407

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Rat

e pe

r 100

,00

Source: National Trauma Registry (NTR), CIHI, April 1, 2012 to March 31, 2011

The rate of hospitalizations from injuries in Porcupine Health Unit area (734, 95% CI ▶ 678,791) is significantly higher than the rest of Ontario (407, 95% CI ▶ 403-410)

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4. RISK FACTORSFigure 13: A comparison of the proportion of selected self-reported risk factors between the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario

Overweightor obese

Currentsmoker

Heavydrinking

PhysicallyActive

Fruit andvegetable

consumption

PHU 62.7 25.9 21 55.5 44.1

Ontario 52 18.9 15.9 50.5 43.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Perc

enta

ges

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2009/2010.

The prevalence of overweight/obesity, smoking and heavy drinking was higher for PHU than Ontario. However, physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption is higher for PHU than Ontario.

See page 23 – Helpful Notes regarding the calculation and interpretation of the above chart.

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5. OTHER MARKERS OF HEALTHa. Perceived Health

Figure 14: A comparison of the proportion of residents between the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario who rated their health as very good or excellent

Perceived health, very good orexcellent

Perceived mental health, very goodor excellent

PHU (%) 53.3 71.9Ontario (%) 61 74.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Perc

enta

ge

Source: Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2009/2010

Perceived health is an indicator of overall health status. To calculate this indicator, respondents were asked to rate their health as excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor. They were also instructed that “health” means not only the absence of disease or injury, but also includes their overall physical, mental and social well-being. The figure above represents respondents who rated their health as very good or excellent.

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b. Physician to Population Ratio

Figure 15: A comparison of the physician to population ratio in the Porcupine Health Unit and Ontario

General/Family physicians Specialist physicians

PHU 107 34

Ontario 92 97

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Rat

e pe

rr 1

00,0

00

Source: Scott’s Medical Database, CIHI; January 1st, 2010 to December 31, 2010

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6. HELPFUL NOTESThe proportion of current smokers was calculated based on the population aged 12 and over who reported being a current smoker (both daily and occasional smokers). This does not take into account the number of cigarettes smoked.

The proportion of heavy drinking was calculated based on the population aged 12 and over who reported having 5 or more drinks on one occasion, at least once a month in the previous year

The proportion of physically active individuals was calculated based on the population aged 12 and over depending on their responses to questions about the nature, frequency and duration of their participation in leisure-time physical activity

The proportion of fruit and vegetable consumption indicates the usual number of times (frequency) a person reported eating fruits and vegetables 5 times or more per day. This measure does not take into account the amount consumed.

The proportion of the population that is overweight/obese was calculated using the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada Body Mass Index (BMI) classification guidelines as follows:

• less than 18.50 (underweight);

• 18.50 to 24.99 (normal weight);

• 25.00 to 29.99 (overweight);

• 30.00 to 34.99 (obese, class I);

• 35.00 to 39.99 (obese, class II);

• 40.00 or greater (obese, class III).

The above indicators were derived from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) which is a nation-wide self-reported health survey.

Porcupine Health Unit169 Pine Street South

Timmins, Ontario P4N 8B71-800-461-1818