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Introduction To Internet
Jijo Joseph
www.facebook.com/jijopalamoodan
Twitter Profile
http://in.linkedin.com/pub/jijo-joseph/41/5b0/364/
Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared by trainees ofbaabtra.com as a part of mentoring program. This is notofficial document of baabtra.com – Mentoring Partner
What is Internet ?
• The internet is a world-wide network of computers that linked together by wired or wireless connection.
• Internet has been coined from two terms,
interconnection and network.
• two categories: servers and browsers.
How was Internet developed?
• Internet was born in late 1960’s
• The internet has its root in the ARPANET
system of the Advanced Research Project
Agency of U.S. Department of Defense.
• ARPANET is known as the forefather of
internet.
How Does Internet Works?
• Servers make this information available to the general public
• Browsers are what people use to access the information
• Internet Service Provider (ISP) server
Web Server And Server
The Web server
• A Web server handles the HTTP protocol. When the Web server receives an HTTP request, it responds with an HTTP response, such as sending back an HTML page.
The application server
• An application server exposes business logic to client applications through various protocols, possibly including HTTP.
Different Types of Server
• Proxy Server
It acts as a mediator between a client programand an external server to filter requests,improve performance and share connections.
• Telnet Server
It enables the users to log on to a hostcomputer and execute tasks as if they areworking on a remote computer.
• FTP Server
It works on one of the oldest of the Internetservices, the file transfer protocol. It providesa secure file transfer between computerswhile ensuring file security and transfercontrol.
• Mail Server
It transfers and stores mails over corporatenetworks through LANs, WANs and across theInternet.
• To view a web page from your browser:
1. Type an address (URL) in "Address Bar" or click on a hyperlink.
2. Browser sends a request to ISP server.
3. ISP server looks for the exact host server which website in question, then sends a request to that host server for the page.
4. The host server sends the requested page to ISP server.
5. ISP sends the page to browser.
IP Address
• To facilitate the routing of packets over a network the TCP/IP protocol suite uses a logical address known as an IP address
• An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device
Two functions:
• network interface identification
• location addressing.
Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) - 32 bit binary number.
• The Class A address uses only the first octet (8 bits) of the 32-bit number to indicate the network address.
• The remaining three octets of the 32-bit number are used for host addresses.
• The Class B address uses two of the four octets (16 bits) to indicate the network address
• The remaining two octets specify host addresses.
• This scheme is known as “dotted decimal notation.”
Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) - 128 bits.
Wired Internet Connections
• Dial-up connections
• High-speed broadband connections
• Cable modems
• ISDN
• DSL
• Wireless WAN (WWAN)
• Satellite services
• Wireless LANs (WLAN)
Wireless Internet Connections
Domain name
• A domain name is a unique name that identifies an internet resource such as a website.
• Domain names are formed by the rules Domain Name System (DNS). Any name registered in the DNS is a domain name.
Uses of Internet
1. Social Networking
– Provides medium for people to connect and
interact with each other.
– Facebook, Twitter, Myspace, Instagram, Google+
2. Communication
– Chat with your contacts directly within Gmail.
– You can even talk face-to-face with built-in video
chat.
3. Education.
– Distance learning.
– Reference books, online help centres, Study
oriented material are on the internet.
4. Financial Transactions
- Internet Banking
- Payment of Bills
5. Research
– Gathering, analyzing and sharing information
– The Internet is a wealth of information and is one
of the best ways to find information fast and
efficiently.
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