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¡Hola! Lesson 15 on Basic Spanish!
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Revision : Forms of ‘Estar’
English Spanish
I am Yo estoy
We are Nosotros estamos
You (informal) are Tú estás
You (informal, pl) are Vosotros estáis
He is / She is /You (formal) are Él / Ella / Usted está
They are/ You are Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes están
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Let's revise : The definite article 'the'
Gender Singular Plural
Masculine/ Mixed el los
Feminine la las
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Let's revise : Indefinite articles
Gender Singular (a/an) Plural(some)
Masculine/ Mixed un unos
Feminine una unas
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Lesson objectives
1 Expressions of time
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What’s in store today?
Today we will learn some common expressions of time in Spanish!
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Expressions of time
Today Hoy
Tomorrow Mañana
Yesterday Ayer
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Grammar tip
Mañana means both tomorrow as well as morning
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Expressions of time
Pasado literally means ‘past’
Day after tomorrow Pasado mañana
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Grammar tip
Pasado literally means past The expression 'pasado mañana' is simply an
idiom
Pasado (el día de) mañana =
Past (the day of) tomorrow
The whole expression is shortened for convenience
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Expressions of time
Before = AnteYesterday = Ayer
Day before yesterday Anteayer
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Try yourself
Day after tomorrow
1
Anteayer
2
Pasado mañana
3
Pasada mañana
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Solution
Day after tomorrow
1
Anteayer
2
Pasado mañana
3
Pasada mañana
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Try yourself
Today
1
Hoy
2
Mañana
3
Ayer
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Solution
Today
1
Hoy
2
Mañana
3
Ayer
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Let’s revise!
Today Hoy
Tomorrow Mañana
Yesterday Ayer
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Moving on…
Let’s now learn how to say ‘See you tomorrow’
In Spanish, the common phrase for ‘See you tomorrow’ actually means ‘We’ll see (you)
tomorrow’; with the ‘you’ being obvious
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Expressions of time
To see = VerWe see = Vemos
(We’ll) See (you) tomorrow!
¡Nos vemos mañana!
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Grammar tip
Another common expression for ‘See you tomorrow’ is
¡Hasta mañana!
Hasta literally means ‘until’, thus this phrase means ‘Until tomorrow!’
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So remember!
See you tomorrow!¡Nos vemos mañana!/
¡Hasta mañana!
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Expressions of time
Tarde means both late as wellas afternoon / evening
(It) Is early Es temprano
(It) Is late Es tarde
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Grammar tip
Do you remember that ‘it’ is usually not translated in Spanish
Hence, It is late = Is late
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Expressions of time
Por = By
In the morning /
By the morningPor la mañana
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Expressions of time
Por = By
In the afternoon /
By the afternoonPor la tarde
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Expressions of time
Por = By
In the night /
By the nightPor la noche
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Grammar tip
Mañana, tarde and noche are all feminine hence we use ‘la’ for ‘the’
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Try yourself
By the morning
1
Por la tarde
2
Por el mañana
3
Por la mañana
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Solution
By the morning
1
Por la tarde
2
Por el mañana
3
Por la mañana
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Try yourself
Is late
1
Es tarde
2
Es noches
3
Es temprano
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Solution
Is late
1
Es tarde
2
Es noches
3
Es temprano
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Let’s revise!
(It) Is early Es temprano
(It) Is late Es tarde
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Let’s revise!
By the morning Por la mañana
By the afternoon Por la tarde
By the night Por la noche
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Moving on…
Alright, now let’s look at some expressions like ‘At midnight’
We learnt earlier that at = en However for expressions of time, at = a
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Grammar tip
We learnt earlier that the preposition ‘a’ inSpanish
means ‘to’ in English Eg: To where = A dondé
However, ‘a’ may take up other forms to mean'on,'
'at,' 'from,' 'by' or 'in’
In various expressions of time, ‘a’ takes up the form of ‘at’
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Grammar tip
For expressions of time,
‘a’ = ‘at’ And we know that ‘el’ = ‘the’ (masculine)
When ‘a’ and ‘el’ come together (at the) – they are often contracted to ‘al’
At the = A + el = Al
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Expressions of time
At the (masculine) = A el = AlMid = Medio (masculine form)
At (the) mid-day Al mediodía
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Do you remember?
Day = Día Takes up masculine form, hence we use the
masculine form of the adjective ‘mid’ = ‘medio’
Due to the same reason we use ‘the’ = ‘el’ and not ‘la’ (feminine form of ‘the’)
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Expressions of time
At the (feminine) = A la Mid = Media (feminine form)
At (the) mid-night A la medianoche
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Do you remember?
Night = Noche Takes up feminine form, hence we use the
feminine form of the adjective ‘mid’ = ‘media’
Due to the same reason we use ‘the’ = ‘la’ and not ‘el’
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Grammar tip
At the (feminine) = A la
A la doesn’t need to be contracted and is used as-is
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Try yourself
At mid-day
1
Al mediodía
2
Al mediadía
3
A la mediodía
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Solution
At mid-day
1
Al mediodía
2
Al mediadía
3
A la mediodía
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Let’s revise!
At (the) mid-day Al mediodía
At (the) mid-night A la medianoche
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Revision
English Spanish
Today Hoy
Tomorrow Mañana
Yesterday Ayer
Day after tomorrow Pasado Mañana
Day before yesterday Anteayer
See you tomorrow!¡Hasta mañana!
¡Nos vemos mañana!
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Revision
English Spanish
(It) is late Es tarde
(It) is early Es temprano
By the morning Por la mañana
By the afternoon Por la tarde
By the night Por la noche
At mid-day Al mediodía
At mid-night A la medianoche
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Culture leaf : Tapas!
Tapas are a variety of appetizers, or snacks,in Spanish cuisine
They may be cold (such as mixed olives &cheese) or warm (such as
fried baby squid)
In bars in Spain, tapas have evolved into anentire cuisine
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Culture leaf : Tapas!
In Spain, patrons of tapas can order manydifferent
tapas and combine them to make a full meal
The serving of tapas is designed to encourage conversation because people are not so focused
upon eating an entire meal that is set before them
Also, in some countries diners stand and move about while eating tapas
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What’s next?
In the next lesson, we will learn how to ask
and tell time and dates!
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Credits
Content
Team CultureAlley, Okairy Zuñiga, Tomasa Merino http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapas
Images http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:TapasenBarcelona.JPG
User: José Porras (Elemaki)
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See you at the Alley!
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