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Basic Units
•Length meters•Mass kilograms•Time seconds
•Temperature Kelvin
•Amount Chm Mole
•Current Ampere
•Luminous In Candela
Metric Prefixes•Mega(M) Nano(n)
•Kilo(k)
•Milli(m) Centi(c)
•Micro()
Metric Prefixes•(M) = 106 (n) = 10-9
•(k) = 103
•(m) = 10-3 (c) = 10-2
•() = 10-6
Accuracy
•How close you are to the real answer
Precision•How well one can repeat his or her work
•Repeatability
Uncertainty•All measurements have a degree of unreliability
•Usually in the last digit of a measurement
Significant Digits•Meaningful digits in a number
Multiplication Uncertainty
• The answer should have the same number of significant digits as the multiplier with the least number of SD
• Same for division
Addition Uncertainty• When adding, line up decimal
place & add
• The decimal places in the answer should = the least
• Same for subtraction
Determining Significance
• All non-zero digits
• All zeros between non-zero numbers
• All trailing zeros if there is a decimal place
Scientific Notation•M x 10n
•M = 1.00 M < 10.00
•n = an integer
Conversion Factor• Ratio equal to one
• 12 inches/1 foot
• Multiply one unit by a conversion to obtain another unit w/o affecting magnitude
Convert:•2.50 cm to Mm
•4.2 ns to ms
•3.15 kg to g
Determine the length in miles of a light year
• Light year = distance light travels in one year
• c = 3.0 x 108 m/s
• 1 mile = 5280 ft
• 1 inch = 2.54 cm
Convert:
4.35 kg/L to mg/L
2.31 mm/ns to cm/Ms
Calculate the volume in m3 occupied by 750 kg of gas with
1.50 g/L1 cm3 = 1 mL
Calculate the mass in kg of a board that has
dimensions of 250 mm x 4.0 x 104 m x 2.5 m and
had a density of 0.80 g/mL1 ml = 1 cm3
Calculate the density of a 3.14 x 103 kg cylinder that 5.0 m
long & has a diameter of 2.0 m.
How many nm willan object travel in
1/132 ks at720 miles per hour
1 inch = 2.54 cm1 mile = 5280 ft
Measurements•Work problems
5 - 12 on page 25
Sig. Figs.•Work problems 17 - 24 on page
25
Conv. Factors•Work problems
28 & 36 on page 24
Measurements•Work problems
5 - 12 on page 25
Define all the key terms on page 24
Work problems13 - 16 onpage 25
Conversion Factors
•Work problems 37 - 46 on page
25