Basic Basic VocabularyVocabulary

for for

DiagnosingDiagnosing & & TreatmentTreatment

Grzegorz Chodkowski (MD)Grzegorz Chodkowski (MD)

Riga, Radisson SAS

2009

Anatomy

• Head

• Chin

• Eye

• Ear

• Nose

• Lip

• Cheek

• Shoulder

• Hand

• Arm

• Finger

• Thumb

• Neck

• Mandible

• Jaw

• Tooth

• Tongue

• Throat

• Larynx

• Lung

• Tonsil

• Trachea

• Lobe

• Liver

• Gall bladder

• Spleen

• Kidney

• Pancreas

• Abdomen

• Stomach

• Bladder

• Urethra

• Penis

• Uterus

• Buttocks

• Bowel

• Anus

• Oesophagus

CG1

Slajd 2

CG1 38CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-20

SymptomsGeneral

• Fever

• Angioedema

• Dizziness

• Fatigue

• Lassitude

• Weariness

• Weakness

• Drowsiness

• Allergic skin reactions

• Peripheral oedema

• Painful extremities

• Nasal stuffiness

• Arthralgia

• Myalgia

• Phlebitis

Skin

• Rash

• Urticaria

• Alopecia

• Sweating

• Photosensitivity

• Lupus erythomatosus-like syndrome

• Exacerbation of psoriasis

• Discharge

• Pressure sore

CG2

Slajd 3

CG2 24CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-20

Symptoms

Cardiovascular

• Transient rhythm disturbaces

• Conduction disorders

• Bradycardia

severe (requiring temporary pacing)

• Sino-atrial, atrioventricular and

intraventricular blocks

• Arrhytmogenic (proarrhytmic) effect

• Tachycardia (VT, VF, torsades de

pointes)

• Palpitations

• Facial flush

• Chest pain

• Dyspnoea

• Myocardial depression

• hypotension (postural)

• heart failure

• Intermittent claudication

• Reynaud’s phenomenon

• fluid retention

• myocarditis

• pericarditis

CG3

Slajd 4

CG3 18CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-20

Central Nervous System

• light-headedness

• peripheral neuropathy

• hallucinations

• apprehension

• depression

• convulsions

• paraesthesia

• ataxia

• dyskinesia

• tinnitus

• vertigo

• hypoaesthesia

• myoclonus

• seizures

• confusion

• respiratory depression

• sleep disturbances

• insomnia

• peripheral neuritis

• polyneuritis

• anxiety

• anorexia

• bulimia

• choking sensation

• nightmares

• psychosis

• parkinsonism

• Bell’s palsy

CG4

Slajd 5

CG4 28CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-20

Respiratory System

• Bronchospasm

• Pneumonitis

• Wheezing

• Cough

- dry

- productive

• Nasal congestion

Endocrine

• Hypo/ - hyperglycaemia

• Gynaecomastia

• Hyperprolactinaemia

Senses

• Impaired vision

• Visual disturbances

• Bitter taste

• Dry eyes

• Blurred vision

• Metallic taste

CG5

Slajd 6

CG5 18CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-20

Gastrointestinal

• Nausea

• Vomiting

- projectile vomiting

• Constipation

• Diarrhoea

• Jaundice

• Hepatic disfunction

• Weight gain / loss

• Abdominal pain

• Retching

• Abnormal Liver Function Tests (LFT)

Haematology

• Reduction in:

- red blood cell

- white blood cells

- platelets

• Agranulocytosis

• Thrombocytopaenia

• Leucopaenia

• Eosinophilia

• Haemolytic anaemia

• Bone marrow depression

CG6

Slajd 7

CG6 30CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-20

Genito-Urinary

• Disturbances of micturition

• Sexual dysfunction

• Impotence

• Decreased libido

• Raised plasma creatinine

• Proteinuria

• Hematuria

• Sodium and water retention

• Breast tenderness

• Amenorrhoea

• Priapism

• Urinary incontinence

CG7

Slajd 8

CG7 18CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-20

• Asthma

• Allergic Rhinitis

• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary

Disease (COPD) -

• Common Cold

• Infectious Mononucleosis

(Glandular Fever)

• Antrax

• Rabies

• Tick-borne encephalitis

• Pneumonia

• Tuberculosis

• Pleurisy

-itis

pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis,

otitis media,alveolitis, bronchitis

• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

• Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

• Myocardial Infarction (MI)

• Heart Failure

• Arrhythmias

- atrial fibrillation

- heart blocks

• Stroke – Cerebral Vascular Accident

(CVA)

• Hypertension

• Varicose Veins

• Cancer

• Diabetes

• Thyroid Goitre

• Hyper / Hypothyroidism

Diseases

• Thyrotoxicosis

• Rickets

• Renal Diseases

- Pyelonephritis

- Renal calculi

- Renal failure

• Ulcer Disease

-it is

stomatitis, gingivitis, oesophagitis,

duodenitis, gastritis, colitis

appendicitis, cholecystitis, hepatitis,

diverticulitis, pancreatitis, sialadenitis

• Infectious/Contagious Diseases

- Small-pox

- Chicken-pox

- Rubella / German measles

- Shingles

- Influenza / flu

- Measles

- Mumps

- Whooping Cough

- Scarlet Fever

CG9

Slajd 10

CG9 36CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-21

• Irritable Bowel Disease (syndrome)

• Down’s Syndrome

• Psoriasis

• Lichen

• Pediculosis (Lice)

• Cold sore

• Athlete’s foot

• Sciatica

• Arthritis

• Slipped disc

• Trauma: blunt, sharp

• Glue ear

• Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)

• Migraine

• Benign Prostatic Hiperplasia (BPH) :

• Sickle Cell Anaemia

• Pernicious Anaemia

• Multiple Myeloma

• Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

• Multiple Sclerosis

• Rheumatic Feler

• Celiac Disease

• Multiple Myeloma

• Leukaemia

• Cataract

• Glaukoma

• Strabismus / Squint

CG8

Slajd 11

CG8 44CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-21

Investigations

• Pathology

• Culture

• Smear

- cervical smear

- blood smear

• Venipuncture / Phlebotomy / blood taking:

• Cannulation:

• X-ray:

• CT scan

• MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging:

• Stress ECG:

- treadmill

CG10

Slajd 12

CG10 16CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-21

Hospital life

• In-patient / out-patient

• Ward

- ward-round

• Admission

- to admit to hospital

• Discharge:

- to discharge from hospital

- discharge letter

- discharge planning

• Accident and Emergency (A&E)

• Day surgery

• Hand-over

• Theatre

• Draping

• Drip

• Syringe driver

CG12

Slajd 13

CG12 20CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-21

Medical Equipment

• examination couch

• sphygmomanometer

• stethoscope

• tourniquet

• tongue depressor

• otoscope

• defibrillator

• suction unit/machine

• oxygen cylinder

• bag valve mask (resuscitator)

• laryngoscope

• tube

• catheter

• crutches

• a Zimmer(walking) frame

• wheelchair

• gurney

• plaster (plaster of Paris)

- plaster cast

• gown

• white coat

• gauze

• dressing

• crash (resuscitation) trolley

• penlight

• bedpan

• urinal

CG11

Slajd 14

CG11 34CHODKOWSKI GRZEGORZ; 2009-08-21

ThankThank YouYou!!

AnyAny QuestionsQuestions??