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1Product Support
Basic Sealing
Principles
2Product Support
Mechanical seals
Basic parts
Function of a mechanical seal
Types of mechanical seals
Arrangements
Materials
Operation of seals
3Product Support
Mechanical seals in Pumps
Stuffingbox
MotorShaft
Coupling
4Product Support
Basic Parts
Rotating Sealface (1)
Stationary sealface (3)
Secondary sealing elements (2+4)
Spring element (5)
Torque transmission(6)
12 35 46
5Product Support
Features of Sealfaces
z Solid, homogen materials
z Surface roughness(polished , lapped)
z Hardness
z Facewidth
z Good heat dissipation
6Product Support
Rotating faces
Solid faces
Inserted faces
7Product Support
Rotating faces
Composite faces Shrunk in Bonded Brazed Supported
8Product Support
Stationary faces
Solid
Composite type
9Product Support
Stationary faces
Mounting 0 Ring mounted
single 0 ring double 0 ring
elastomer cup rigid clamped
10Product Support
Secondary sealing elements
0-rings
Enveloped rings
Rubber cups
Wedge designs Quad rings
11Product Support
0-rings: location and compression
Dynamic 0-ring Stationary 0-ring
Dynamic 0-ring7 %
Stationary 0-ring10 - 12 %
Static 0-ring20 %
12Product Support
Springs
helical springs
wave springs
metall bellows
13Product Support
Torque transmissions
Form locked transmission
Friction locked transmission
14Product Support
Function of a seal 1
Closing forces Static closing force Hydraulic closing force
Media Spring
15Product Support
Function of a seal 2
Media as a lubricant and coolant
Media
Lubrication
Cooling
16Product Support
Function of a seal 3
acceptable minimal Leakage
Medium
Leakage
17Product Support
Function of a mechanical seal
Closing forces Static closing force Hydraulic closing force
Lubrication friction cooling
Leakage
Media
lubrication
cooling Leakage
friction
Spring
18Product Support
Unbalanced / balanced seals
Balance ratio of a seal
k =
necessary to reduce the face load of a seal
sliding face areahydraulic loaded area
19Product Support
Unbalanced seals
k >1 = unbalanced seal
20Product Support
Balanced seals
k
21Product Support
Heat developement of a seal
Face friction
Heat dissipation
22Product Support
The sealing gap
Media
Frictional heat
Pressurereduction
23Product Support
The sealing gap
high temperature media
Boiling point
Frictional heat
24Product Support
Leakage
minimal = is acceptable
is influenced by many parameters
is neccessary for proper seal operation
25Product Support
Leakage effecting parameters
finish of the sliding faces running in process flatness of the faces face deflections caused by thermal and pressure loads conditions of the secondary seals
vibrations and stability of the maschine operation mode of the plant characteristics of the sealed fluids accuracy of the seal mounting and assembly condition of the equipment
26Product Support
Types of seals
0-ring seals (pusher type seals)
Bellows type seals
27Product Support
Single seal arrangement 1
Externally pressurized
springs in product contact
springs without product contact
28Product Support
Single seal arrangement 2
Internally pressurized
Springs facing awayfrom the product
29Product Support
Single seal arrangement 3
Stationary seals
springs withproduct contact
springs without product contact
30Product Support
Seal arrangements
Multiple seals
Back to back face to face tandem
31Product Support
Double acting seal arrangerments
Double acting seals
z Multiple sealz Faces barrierfluid lubricatedz Back to back or face to facez Pressurized barrierfluid
( P1 + 2..3 bar resp.+10% over P1)
z No product leakage z For aggressive mediaz For solid loaded mediaz For polimerising, sticky mediaz Environmental safe operation
32Product Support
Tandem arrangement
Tandem seal
z Multiple sealz Function as single seal with safety sealz Quenchmedia
pressureless ( standard ) z Surveyance possibility of sealz Leakagecontrol and drain
QuenchmediaProduct
33Product Support
Seal materials
Face materials
Secondary seals
Spring element
Construction partsdepending on the seal type
34Product Support
Seal face materials
Ideal characteristics
resistence to corrosionresistence to weargeometrical stablenessthermal conductivityemergency running capabilityprice competitiveness
A selection is always a compromise
35Product Support
Burgmann standard materials
Soft faces
Buko 1 = resin impregn. carbon graphite
Buko 03 = antimony impregn. carbon graphite
Hard faces
Bume 5 = stainless steelBuke 5 = ceramic (99%)Buka 22 = silicone carbideBuka 20 = silicone carbideBuka 16 = tungsten carbide
With hard / hard face pairing Buka 22 and /or Buka 16 is used
36Product Support
DIN standard materials
Soft faces B = Buko 1 A = Buko 03
Hard facesS = Bume 5V = Buke 5 Q1 = Buka 22Q2 = Buka 20
U2 = Buka 16
More details in DIN 24960
37Product Support
Secondary seals materials
Elastomers
z P = Nitril Butadien Kautschuk ( Perbunan )z E = Ethylen-Propylen-Dien Kautschuk, EPDMz V = Fluor-Kautschuk, FPM, (Viton )z K = Perfluor-Kautschuk, (. Kalrez, Chemraz )
Elastomers, wrapped ( enveloped )z M1 = TTV, Viton double PTFE envelopedz M2 = TTE, EPDM, double PTFE enveloped
Produkt
38Product Support
Secondary sealing elements
Non-Elastomers
z G = Statotherm, pure graphite
z T = PTFE (Polytetrafluorethylen)
z Y1 = Burasil, gasket asbestos free
39Product Support
Springs and construction
Springs
1.4571 = stainless steel, 316 Ti 2.4610 = Hast. C4
Construction
1.4571 = Stainless steel, 316 Ti 2.4610 = Hast. C4 1.4462 = Duplex SS, 329
40Product Support
Operation I
Operation with productcirculation
Flushing into the stuffingbox
from discharge
external source
to the seal face
41Product Support
Operation I : Flush
Flush
- Increase of pressure in the stuffingbox
- Temperaturreduction
- Avoiding of deposits
- Reduction of solids content
42Product Support
Operation II
Packing
Throttlebusch
Lipseal
Mechanical seal
43Product Support
Operation II Quench
Operation with an external quench with different medias
liquid steam gas
Collection of leakage Prevent air contact Cooling / heating Additional lubrication Prevent icing Vacuum operation Leakagecontroll
Mechanical sealsBasic PartsFeatures of SealfacesRotating facesRotating facesStationary facesStationary facesSecondary sealing elements0-rings: location and compressionSpringsTorque transmissionsFunction of a mechanical sealUnbalanced / balanced sealsUnbalanced sealsBalanced sealsHeat developement of a sealThe sealing gapThe sealing gapLeakageLeakage effecting parametersTypes of sealsSingle seal arrangement 1Single seal arrangement 2Single seal arrangement 3Seal arrangementsDouble acting seal arrangermentsTandem arrangementSeal materialsSeal face materialsBurgmann standard materialsDIN standard materialsSecondary seals materialsSecondary sealing elementsSprings and construction