Basketball

Katarzyna Pietrzyk

Basketball - sport in which two teams of five players play against each other trying to

score points by putting the ball in the basket. It is one of the most popular and most

watched sports in the world. December in 1891 is considered as a beginning of this

sport. Its founder was James Naismith.

Basketball was invented in December 1891 by Canadian James Naismith, a teacher in

Massachusetts, in response to a request to invent the game that college students could play in the winter. Initially, to play basketball, football was

used. The rules of basketball are quite simple, and were written by the creator of the sport. As soon as

the game became more known its rules have changed. Soon enough basketball was known

throughout North America. On June 6, 1946 BAA (Basketball Association of America) was founded, which later (autumn 1949) took the name of the

NBA (National Basketball Association).

James Naismith (born November 6, 1861 in Almonte, Ontario, died. November 28, 1939 in Lawrence, Kansas, USA) - Canadian physician, creator of basketball. In 1891, he worked as a

physical education teacher at the YMCA International Training School in Springfield (Massachusetts). He was asked to invent

something to do for the students who were bored in gyms.

The inspiration for was a popular children's game in Ontario called "Duck-on-a-rock". The first game took place on December 15th, 1891. Naismith put two baskets in the room, and divided its students into two 9-person teams. On January 15, 1892 the

rules of basketball were published.Basketball first became popular in the U.S., and

later reached Europe. It became one of the Olympic Games in 1936.

The two teams are playing basketball, five players each. The aim of each team is to score points by aimed throws

into the basket, and simultaneously to prevent the second team from scoring points. Referee, the commissioner and

other judges are responisble for the fair play. The winner of the match is the team which at the end of game time will have more points. Baskets are placed at a height of 3.05

meters. Points are gained by placing the ball in the basket:1 point for successful throw from free-throw line

2 points for the projection of the shares is made from less than a line shoot three-pointers

3 points per throw from the area farther than the free throw line (6.75 m) [in the NBA 7,24 m]

Pitch is a flat, hard surface free of obstacles, measuring 28 m long and 15 m in width, measured from the inside edges of the boundary lines, and at

least 1 meter from the main line.

3 seconds foul - the attack player is in the so-called. "coffin"- in the time of three seconds he

does not pass the ball or or giving the roll.5 seconds foul – occurs when after the game is resumed after one team scores a point a player holds the ball for 5 seconds and do not pass it to the other team member - this team loses the ball

on the opponent's favor.8 seconds foul - the team must pass the ball

from their pitch half in 8 seconds. Otherwise, they will loose the ball and the other team will gain it.24 seconds foul – within 24 seconds the team must try to score the point, or at least the ball

must touch the rim of the basket. If the team will not succeed the opposing team gains the ball and

resumes the game.

Point guard: usually the fastest player on the team, organizes the team's offense by controlling the ball and making sure that it gets to the right player at the right timeShooting guard: creates a high volume of shots on offense; guards the opponent's best perimeter player on defenseSmall forward: often primarily responsible for scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble penetration; on defense seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes plays more activelyPower forward: plays offensively often with their back to the basket; on defense, plays under the basket (in a zone defense) or against the opposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)Center: uses height and size to score (on offense), to protect the basket closely (on defense), or to rebound.

Country League

The United States of America

NBAWNBANCAA

Poland Polish Basketball League (Men)

Ford Germaz League (Women)

Spain Asociación de Clubs de Baloncesto

Lithuania Lietuvos Krepšinio Lyga (LKL)Lietuvos Moteru Krepsinio Lyga (LMKL)Lietuvos Krepsynio A Lyga (LKAL)

France Ligue nationale de basket-ballChampionnat de France de basket-ballFédération Française de Basket-ball

Germany German Basketball League (DBL)

The German Women's Basketball League (DFBL)

The United Kingdom British Basketball League (BBL)

Italy Lega Basket A

Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963 in Brooklyn, New York) - American former basketball player, regarded as the best

player in history. A member of the Basketball Hall of Fame. Currently, the club co-owner of the NBA Charlotte Bobcats.Michael Jordan took second place (with Babe Ruth) in the

Associated Press poll on the greatest athletes of the twentieth century. The same agency chose him the best basketball player

of the twentieth century. The vote ESPN group of journalists, athletes and activists chose Jordan's greatest North American

athlete of the twentieth century (before George Ruth and Muhammad Ali).