Self-care & Nonprescription Pharmacotherapy Basma Y. Kentab MSc. / Ghada Bawazeer PharmD, BCPS Clinical Pharmacy Department September 2014
Transcript
Slide 1
Basma Y. Kentab MSc. / Ghada Bawazeer PharmD, BCPS Clinical
Pharmacy Department September 2014
Slide 2
Objectives Define self-care Describe types of self-care
Identify factors for reliance on self-medication Identify the
different options for self medication Understand the influences on
self-medication Understand the concept of Rx-to-OTC switch &
BTC drugs Describe the factors involved in the safe use of OTC
drugs Describe pharmacist role in caring for patients seeking self-
care
Slide 3
Self Care The independent act of preventing, diagnosing, and
treating one's illnesses without seeking professional advice
Involves that a single individual from the household usually plays
a leading role in adopting a course of action.
Slide 4
Types of Self-Care Preventive self care Involves maintaining
well-being and appearance through exercise and a healthy lifestyle,
multivitamins, herbal products Sickness self care Involves
diagnosing conditions and obtaining products for the goal of
mitigating illness and relieving symptoms Diet, home devices,
non-prescription medications
Slide 5
What Type of Self-Care Is This?? Preventive self care Sickness
self care Using a first-aid bandage Chicken broth Use of Orlistat
Regular exercise Taking vitamins Using home blood glucose
meters
Slide 6
Reflective Question What resources an average individual use to
advise him/her on self care issues
Slide 7
Patient empow erment Abundance of Info Abundance of
Products
Slide 8
Number of Health and Beauty Care (HBC) Products in 2006
Slide 9
Self-Medication Factors influencing self-medication include: 1)
Growth of the aging population 2) Restricted access to prescribers
3) Increasing costs of health care 4) High proportion of
underinsured or uninsured people 5) Easy access, convenience, and
cost-effectiveness
Slide 10 80% were satisfied with the nonprescription
medications they used to treat their most recent health problems
87% believe that nonprescription medications are safe when used as
directed.">
"Self-Care in the New Millennium" Survey, USA 2002 59% took at
least one nonprescription medication in the preceding 6 months 73%
would rather attempt to treat their own condition than go to a
physician >80% were satisfied with the nonprescription
medications they used to treat their most recent health problems
87% believe that nonprescription medications are safe when used as
directed.
Slide 11
"Self-Care in the New Millennium" Survey, USA 2002 Conditions
commonly treated : Pain (78%). Cough/cold/flu/sore throat (52%).
Allergy/sinus problems (45%). Heartburn, indigestion (37%).
Constipation/diarrhea/gas (21%). Minor infections (12%). Skin
problems (10%).
Non-Prescription Medications Regulated by the Center for Drug
Evaluation and Research, a division of FDA Held to the same
standards of drug product formulation (e.g. purity and stability),
labeling, and safety (benefits outweigh risks) as those for
prescription medications Sales are not limited to pharmacies
Slide 14
Non-Prescription Medications FDA has final authority to
categorize a medication as prescription or nonprescription (1951
Durham-Humphrey Amendment) Characteristics of nonprescription
medications: have a low potential for misuse and abuse; patients
can use them for self-diagnosed conditions are adequately labeled
do not require access to a health care provider for safe and
effective use
Slide 15
2010 Sales of US Nonprescription Drugs
Slide 16
Nutritional Dietary Supplements Products that are intended to
supplement the diet and that bear or contain one or more of the
following dietary ingredients: a vitamin a mineral an herb an amino
acid
Slide 17
Nutritional Dietary Supplements Regulated by The Dietary
Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) (1994) A 2010 survey
showed that just over 50% of persons ages 20 years and older used a
dietary supplement in the previous month
Slide 18
Natural Products & Homeopathic Remedies Complementary &
Alternative Medicine (CAM) Approximately 38% of adults and 12% of
children reported receiving some form of CAM therapy in 2007 Most
common forms of CAM therapy were: natural products (18%) deep
breathing (13%) meditation (9%) chiropractic and osteopathic care
(9%) massage (8%) yoga (6%)
Slide 19
Influences on Self-Medication Avoidance of costs associated
with primary care provider visit Pharmacists can help by triaging
Costs
Slide 20
Influences on Self-Medication Increased use can be attributed
to: Conditions for which nonprescription medications are used
become more prevalent Nonprescription medications provide low-cost
alternatives Accessibility to pharmacists in the community setting
Risk: safety concerns for elderly patients because of the greater
likelihood for interactions Aging Population
Slide 21
Influences on Self-Medication A survey showed that women were
more likely (82%) than men (71%) to report use Increasing
population of older women should increase demand for
nonprescription products Gender-specific self-medication concerns
include using OTC drugs during pregnancy & lactation Gender
Differences
Slide 22
Benefits of Nonprescription Products Numerous conditions can be
treated effectively Products can be kept in the home to provide
quick access A variety of products and dosage forms allows patients
to select the best choice to meet their needs Can be used to manage
a condition or disease while waiting to see a health care
provider
Slide 23
BenefitSafety
Slide 24
Internet Pharmacies and Web-Based Drug Information Easily and
rapidly accessible from ones home Common among: Women,