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BC Generation OverviewCentral Asia Delegation
30 January 2013
Doug RobinsonCanadian Entity SecretaryBC Hydro - Generation
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System Reservoirs
Williston (Peace River):• 18,600 GWh Water License
storage (historic min at 5,700 GWh)
• Top foot: 270 GWh of energy
Kinbasket (Columbia River):• 10,400 GWh Water License
storage (historic min at 700 GWh)
• Top foot: 100 GWh of energy
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• 3500 MW capacity (4400 MW with Site-C)
• 17 000 GWh average energy (22 000 GWh with Site-C)
• Multi-year storage• Constrained by
downstream winter ice restrictions
• Provides approximately 30% of BC Hydro’s energy resources
Generation Resources - Peace
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• Kinbasket Reservoir, Mica and Revelstoke GS, Arrow Lakes Reservoir
• 4300 MW capacity• Net 15,500 GWh average
energy• Multi-year storage• Constrained by rules of
Columbia River Treaty and Non-Treaty Storage Agr.
• Provides about 27% of BC Hydro’s energy resources
Generation Resources – Mainstem Columbia
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• South Interior, Bridge, Coastal, & Vancouver Island facilities
• 1600 MW capacity• 7000 GWh average energy• Hourly to seasonal storage• Constrained by flood control,
fisheries, recreation, and industrial requirements
• Provides 13% of BC Hydro’s energy resources
Generation Resources – Small Hydro
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• Burrard Thermal Single-cycle gas-fired
steam turbine 910 MW (6 units)
nominal capacity Now used only for
emergency capacity
• Island Cogen Combined-cycle gas-
fired turbine Contract IPP 275 MW capacity Vancouver Island
Generation Resources – Thermal
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• Alcan Long-Term Energy Purchase Agreement
• Entitlement Re-purchase Agreements (Arrow Lks Hydro, Brilliant Expansion)
• Independent Power Producers
• Increasing proportion of BC energy supply
• Provided ~ 20% of BC Hydro’s energy resources in F2011 (including ICG, Alcan, etc)
Generation Resources – IPPs
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Co-ordination Agreements
• Columbia River Treaty Approximately $200M in annual Downstream Benefits
• Non-Treaty Storage Agreement• Canal Plant Agreement
Estimated $40-50M in annual Benefits• Keenleyside Entitlement Agreement• Alcan Long-Term Purchase Agreement and
Co-ordination• Skagit Treaty
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• BC Hydro, via Powerex, buys and sells energy in liquid markets at 3 regional trading hubs US Mid-C (Pacific NW) Alberta Power Pool (hourly) California Power Pool
• Mid-C index price is often used as a contract benchmark
• Daily division into two periods: Heavy Load Hours (HLH) and Light Load Hours (LLH) … with hourly prices in the Alberta Pool.
Generation Resources – Markets
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•77%
•8%
•2% •3%•5%
•5%
Fiscal 2014 / 2015
BC Hydro’s Resource Mix: Capacity
Hydro
Thermal
Green & Clean
Powersmart
VIFCT Call TBD
New Resource AdditionsTBD
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BC Hydro Facilities
BC Hydro FacilitiesRanked by Installed Capacity
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Hugh Kee
nleysid
eDunca
nAlo
uette
Puntledge
La Jo
ieAsh
ClowhomLa
doreSet
onW
hatsh
anW
ahlea
chStra
thco
naBuntz
enSta
ve Fa
llsRusk
inJo
hn Har
tChea
kam
us
Jord
an R
iver
Bridge R
iver
Koote
nay C
anal
Peace
Can
yon
Seven
Mile
Site-C
MicaRev
elsto
keG.M
. Shru
mIn
stal
led
Cap
acit
y (M
W)
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BC Hydro Facilities
BC Hydro FacilitiesRanked by Reservoir Storage Volume
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
John H
art
Peace
Can
yon
Jord
an R
iver
Ruskin
Cheaka
mus
Clowhom
Seven
Mile
Site-C
Wah
leach Ash
Puntledge
What
shan
Seton
Alouet
teRev
elsto
keBuntz
enLa
dore
Stave
Falls
La Jo
ieStra
thco
naBrid
ge Rive
r
Kooten
ay C
anal
Duncan
Hugh Kee
nleysid
eMica
G.M. S
hrum
Res
ervo
ir S
tora
ge (
kcm
sd)
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BC Hydro Facilities
BC Hydro FacilitiesRanked by Annual Average Energy Production
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Duncan
Hugh Kee
nleysid
eAlo
uette
What
shan
Clowhom
Buntzen
Puntledge
La Jo
ieAsh
Strath
cona
Jord
an R
iver
Lador
eW
ahlea
chSet
onSta
ve Fa
llsRusk
inChea
kam
usJo
hn Har
t
Bridge R
iver
Kooten
ay C
anal
Peace
Can
yon
Seven
Mile
Site-C
MicaRev
elsto
keG.M
. Shru
mA
nn
ual
En
ergy
Pro
duct
ion
(G
wh
)
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BC Hydro Facilities
BC Hydro FacilitiesRanked by Average Annual Inflow
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Wah
leach
What
shan
Jord
an R
iver
AshAlo
uette
Buntzen
Puntledge
ClowhomLa
Joie
Cheaka
mus
Strath
cona
Bridge R
iver
John H
art
Ladore
Duncan
Seton
Stave
Falls
Ruskin
Koote
nay C
anal
MicaRev
elsto
keSev
en M
ileG.M
. Shru
m
Peace
Can
yon
Hugh Kee
nleysid
eSite
-CA
vera
ge A
nnua
l Inf
low
(cm
s)
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Annual Inflow Volumes Vary
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BC Hydro Climate & Streamflow Networks
- BC Hydro operates about 150 climate and streamflow stations and 65 snow survey stations- Annual cost of C$ 1 million- Supports runoff forecasting as well as regulatory & environmental compliance checking
Remote Climate Station with Snowpillow
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Operational Objectives• “Keeping the lights on” at least cost• Flood protection• Maintenance requirements … can be longer-term issues• Non-power constraints (may be regulatory & water licence)
Minimum fish flow requirements Recreation water-level requirements Heritage site protection Industrial needs Water Use Planning has helped to better define these
requirements• Peace River Ice flow constraints• Columbia River Treaty constraints• Possible limits on spending within a fiscal year
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0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
11,000
12,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Mon
thly
En
ergy
(G
Wh
)
Total System Inflow toHydro Reservoirs
Domestic Load +Entitlement Obligations
LOAD
INFLOWS
Benefits of System Storage
System storage allows BC Hydro to reshape inflows in excess of the load into future periods when inflows are less than the load
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Historic System Storage Energy Content (Williston + Kinbasket)
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
Syst
em S
tora
ge (
GW
h)
Historic Envelope
FY79-88 Historic Average
FY01-10 Historic Average
Source: Historic System Storage.xls (jdb\data)
Historic Minimum6900 GWh
Historic Maximum29000 GWh
Annual Cycle of System Storage
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WATER USE PLANNING PROCESS (2000 to 2005)
Provincial Direction (1994) to initiate WUP, and address: • Incremental Loss in Operational Flexibility• Risk Adverse Constraints by Federal (& Provincial) Fisheries • Provincial License Audit • NAFTA Challenge • Civil Lawsuits• Loss of Provincial Control over a Provincial Asset• Market Opportunities
Water Use Planning engaged public stakeholders, Provincial and Federal agencies, and First Nations in reviewing water management.
The process explored incremental changes to operations to better address economic, social, and environmental interests.
Process based on trade‐offs using structured decision making. Inherent tension between non power or consumptive use vs energy
generation.
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WATER USE PLANNING: SCOPE Structured decision making and trade offs were limited to:
• Dam Safety requirements;• Incremental operational changes to diversion and flow at the facilities;
• Operational changes based on capabilities of existing facility works;
• Footprint issues (e.g. original dam construction and reservoir formation) were considered outside the scope of Water Use Planning;
Program Scope Limited to an overall $50 million system cap; and Individual projects limited to $ Water Rental Fees paid for that project.
Limits were fundamental in reaching consensus decisions.
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Examples: WUP Interests & Performance Measures
Fisheries Interests• Effective Littoral Zone • Habitat Area• Spawning Success• Hydrograph Shape• Total Gas Pressure • Thermal Budget • Fish Entrainment• Tributary Access• Fish Stranding• Cottonwood Recruitment
Hydroelectric Interests• Value of Energy• Green House Gases• Plant Availability
Recreation Interests• Surfing• River Recreation Days• Reservoir Recreation Days• Log Haul Costs• Kayak Flows
Social Interests• Dust Control Measures• Debris Migration• Heritage Site Erosion• Industry Outage Days• Water Supply Efficacy• Flood Days• Mosquito Breeding Success
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WATER USE PLANNING: Process Outcomes
WUP engagement for the BC Hydro fleet completed 1998 to 2004:
• ~$20 million information and planning process
Recommendations summarized in a Water Use Plan (WUP).
The WUP contains three components:
• Incremental changes (750+) to diversion and reservoir management;
• Physical works in lieu of an operational changes; and
• Monitoring studies to affirm decisions.
WUP becomes regulatory requirement via Water Act Order:
• BC Hydro has received Orders for 22 of 23 WUPs.