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Renewable Energy Division, IEA BECCS and BECCU in the IEA Bioenergy Roadmap Dr. Adam Brown Market and Regulatory Issues – Bio CCS/CCU Brussels, 16 January 2018
Renewable Energy Division, IEA
BECCS and BECCU in the IEA BioenergyRoadmap
Dr. Adam Brown
Market and Regulatory Issues – Bio CCS/CCUBrussels, 16 January 2018
© IEA 2017
Sustainable bioenergy
Bioenergy now needs a new impetus based on up to date evidence and experience
• Bioenergy can be a major part of a lowcarbon energy system, providing low-carbon transport fuels, electricity, andheat as part of a growing bioeconomy.
• To play these roles bioenergy must bedeployed sustainably.
• But bioenergy is complex and sometimescontroversial. General statements andoversimplification are unhelpful.
• There is growing consensus on whatconstitutes sustainable best practice.
© IEA 2017
The full portfolio of technologies is needed for decarbonisation
Delivering deep carbon emission reductions will require an unprecedented effort intechnology innovation and diversification worldwide
Technology area contribution to global cumulative CO2 reductions
0 200 400Gt CO2 cumulative reductions in 2060
0
10
20
30
40
50
2014 2020 2030 2040 2050
GtC
O2
Efficiency 40%
Renewables 35%
Fuel switching 5%
Nuclear 6%
CCS 15%
Efficiency40%Renewables35%Fuelswitching 5%Nuclear 6%
Efficiency 34%
Renewables 15%
Fuel switching 18%
Nuclear 1%
CCS 33%
2DS
RTS
B2DS
Global CO2 reductions by technology area
© IEA 2017
Bioenergy an essential component of IEA Low Carbon Scenarios
Bioenergy to provide some 17% of cumulative carbon savings to 2060 in the 2DS and around 22% ofadditional cumulative reductions in the B2DS, including an important contribution from BECCS
Role of Bioenergy – RTS to B2DSRole of Bioenergy
0 5
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2060
Global Emissions GT CO2
2DS - Other technologies
2DS - Bioenergy
0 5
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2060
Global Emissions GT CO22DS - Other technologies
2DS - Bioenergy
B2DS - Other technologies
B2DS - Bioenergy
© IEA 2017
Bioenergy serves many energy uses in IEA 2DS scenario
2.5x
6x
Modern bioenergy in final energy consumption2015
18 EJ
18 EJ
© IEA 2017
Bioenergy serves many energy uses in IEA 2DS scenario
Total final energy consumption of sustainable bioenergy increases four times by 2060 in the 2DS. Use ofsustainable biofuels for transport increases tenfold, with a large majority of advanced biofuels
2.5x
6x
Modern bioenergy in final energy consumption2015
18 EJ 73 EJ
2060
10x
© IEA 2017
Biofuels: an important option in a portfolio of transport solutions
While demand of transport services more than doubles , biofuels complement end-use efficiency andstrong growth in electricity, providing almost 30% of transport final energy demand in 2060
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2060
EJ
Hydrogen
Electricity
Biofuels
Other fossil
Fossil Jet Fuel
Fossil Diesel
Fossil Gasoline
Transport Fuels – 2DS
© IEA 2017
Electricity generation in 2DS
Bio-electricity grows 7X and goes from 2 to 7% of electricity generation
0
10 000
20 000
30 000
40 000
50 000
60 000
2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2060
TWh Biomass with CCS
Biomass
Other Renewables
Hydro
Nuclear
Natural gas
Coal
Oil
© IEA 2017
Four key actions
1. Promote short term deployment of mature options
2. Stimulate the development and deployment of new technologies
3. Deliver the necessary feedstock sustainably, backed by a supportive
sustainability governance system
4. Develop capacity and catalyse investment via a coordinated
international collaboration effort
© IEA 2017
BECCS in 2DS and B2DS
BECCS plays a critically important role in 2DS and B2DS
0
20
40
60
80
0
1
2
3
4
5
2020 2030 2040 2050 2060
Gt CO2
Industry Power Biofuel production Cumulative reduction
RTS to 2DS
0
20
40
60
80
0
1
2
3
4
5
2020 2030 2040 2050 2060
ERTS to B2DS
© IEA 2017
BECCU
More bioenergy per unit of biomass!
H2
Fuel
Low Celectricity
Source: Hannula, VTT, 2016
© IEA 2017
How to stimulate BECCS?
Early action will requires enormous ambition from Governments
• High carbon price which properly rewards double carbon benefit ofBECCS
• Specific technology support measures• Studies of optimized systems• Practical projects• Infrastructure planning
• Emission limits from biomass plants
© IEA 2017
Conclusions
• Sustainable bioenergy is an essential element in the portfolio of measures needed fora low carbon scenario.
• Biofuels can play a particularly important role in the transport sector, complementingenergy efficiency measures and electrification, and with a special role in aviation,shipping and other long haul transport, but also grows in industry, electricity andbuildings. However progress is much slower than necessary and acceleration isurgently needed.
• BECCS plays an important role in the 2DS and especially the B2DS scenario.
• BECCU offers a route to improved use of the bio-carbon so reducing resource needed.
• Early policy action and a high level of ambition essential to BECCS/BECCU deployment
© IEA 2017
Roadmap available on line at:
IEA Bioenergy Roadmap
www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/technology-roadmap-on-bioenergy.html.
Renewable Energy for Industry
https://www.iea.org/publications/insights/insightpublications/renewable-energy-for-industry.html
Adam Brown
