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Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

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Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9
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Page 1: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Beethoven (Part 2)&

Review for Test #2

Music Appreciation, Class #9

Page 2: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Where we left off…1812-1817

Health

Public performances/appearancesStylistic crisis?

Caspar, Karl and Johanna

Page 3: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

1. Health crisisLiver disease

Hearing loss 1818Public performances

1814: last public appearance as a pianist

1815: last public appearance as a conductor

Exhausted musical possibilities?

Page 4: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

2. Family crisisKaspar van Beethoven

Died November, 1815Johanna van Beethoven (widow)

Karl van Beethoven (son)

Page 5: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Trial1815-1820

Court for commoners vs. Court for nobility“Van” vs. “Von”

Evidence?Karl’s birth (4 months)

Ludwig’s victoryKarl’s reaction (1826)

Why?

Page 6: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

3. Romantic Crisis“Immortal Beloved” letters

Recipient?Three possibilities

Dated 1812-14Among his papers?

Page 7: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

3. “Immortal Beloved”…so near! so far! Is not our love truly a heavenly

structure, and also as firm as the vault of heaven? …

…Your love makes me at once the happiest and the unhappiest of men…

…I can live only wholly with you or not at all - Yes, I am resolved to wander so long away from you until I can fly to your arms and say that I am really at home with you, and can send my soul enwrapped in you into the land of spirits …

Page 8: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.
Page 9: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Final musical periodReflection

1816-1827

SpiritualBach

Contrapuntal

“The Age of Enlightenment” is replaced by “Romanticism”Emotion over thought

Why?

Page 10: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

9th SymphonyComposed between 1817-1824

1st major Beethoven premiere in almost 12 years

Three standard movementsNew: 4th movement: “Choral”

Page 11: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

“An Die Freude” (“Ode to Joy”)

Friedrich Schiller, 1785

Passé ideas and idealsBrotherhoodEqualityJusticeLiberty

Page 12: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Beethoven’s purposeConflict/instability vs. Resolution

Confrontation of evilUnable to resolve the recapulation!

Military

Triumph over petty decisiveness

Intellectual vs. spiritual vs. emotional struggle

Page 13: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Themes/Beethoven’s beliefsHumanity

Children of GodSpiritual vs. religious

Universality

Love (romantic and platonic)Redemptive

Inspirational

Page 14: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

TranslationO friends, no more these sounds! Let us sing more

cheerful songs, More full of joy! Joy’s magic power re-unites all that custom has divided, all

men become brothers, under the sway of thy gentle wings. And the cherub stands before God! Gladly, like the heavenly bodies Which He sent on their

courses Through the splendor of the firmament; Thus, brothers, you should run your race, like a hero going to victory!

You millions, I embrace you. This kiss is for all the world! Brothers, above the starry canopy There must dwell a loving father.

Do you fall in worship, you millions? World, do you know your creator? Seek Him in the heavens; He must live above the stars

Page 15: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Only Two RehearsalsRequirements

Two orchestrasTwo choruses= four conductors

Four soloists

Page 16: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

ComplaintsCross-town rivals

Musical difficulties

New technical demandsRewrites and edits

Page 17: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Beethoven’s weekRental (Inflation)

TheaterOrchestraChorusSoloistsCopyists

Ticket sales

Health

Page 18: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

May 7, 1824Social/musical event

Beethoven’s long absenceRumors

Conductor?1st Violinist

Applause

Page 19: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

“Immortal Beloved” 1994

Historical fiction

Premiere of the 9th

Page 20: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Fall of the Berlin WallDecember 25, 1989

Leonard BernsteinInternational orchestra, chorus, soloists

"Joy" (Freude) changed to "Freedom" (Freiheit) in the text sung

Worldwide live telecastVideo?

Page 21: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Beethoven’s DeathFinal days

Cures

Monday, March 26, 1827Legend

Page 22: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

FuneralMarch 29, 1827

20,000 Viennese mourners

PallbearerFranz Peter Schubert

“Blessed be the first one among us to follow Beethoven to the grave.”

Page 23: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.
Page 24: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Ferdinand Hiller

Page 25: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Ferdinand Hiller (16)Prominent Jewish family

CulturedMusicalSocial

Friendships Johann Wolfgang von GoetheFelix and Fanny Mendelssohn (Bartholdy)

Page 26: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

“Beethoven’s Hair” Russell Martin

Three stories in one

Beethoven’s biography

History/journey of the locketNazis in Vienna and Denmark

DNA testing and results

Page 27: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

The Locket with Hiller’s inscription

Page 28: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Close-up Of The Locket

Page 29: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Extraordinary Beethoven web sites

San Jose State Universityhttp://www.sjsu.edu/depts/beethoven/

“Beethoven’s Hair”http://www.beethovenshair.ca/

Help!

Page 30: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

November 6, 2008

Test #2 Review

Page 31: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

CD TracksCumulative

New tracks

Page 32: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Sample review questions

What were the most important changes made to the piano during the Classical era?

What enormous political/social event was celebrated with a performance of the Beethoven 9th in December 25, 1989?

At the end of his career, Haydn wrote his first and only oratorio. It is a highly descriptive telling of Holy Scripture from Genesis and the Psalms. What is the name of this piece?

Compare Haydn’s years with the Esterházy family vs. Mozart and his employers.

What was the tradition known as DROIT DE SEIGNEUR?

Page 33: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

What are the “Sketch Books”?What are “Conversation Books”?

What city was the musical and cultural center of the Classic period?

The exposition of Beethoven’s 5th Symphony contains how many notes?

How does the overture to Mozart's Don Giovanni end?

Page 34: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Beethoven violently changed the dedication of the “Emperor” concerto to the “Eroica” concerto in December 1804. Why?

Thousands of Viennese attended Beethoven’s funeral. Among his pallbearers was what great composer and Beethoven devotee?

Why is the Classical Period also known as the “Age of Reason” or the “Age of Enlightenment”?

Mozart was unusually proud of which two specific scenes in The Marriage Of Figaro. Why?

What is Don Giovanni’s fate? Is he dragged to Hell, or does he alone make the decisions which determine that fate? In what way is that revolutionary?

Page 35: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Who was Lorenzo Da Ponte? Why was he hired to work in Vienna? Da Ponte promised Emperor Franz Joseph a major change

in Beaumarchasis’ radical play The Marriage Of Figaro in order to obtain permission to work with Mozart on the project. What was Da Ponte’s promise, and did he keep it?

What is THE HEILIGENSTADT LETTER?

Who was Antonio Salieri? Facts vs. fiction, please!How and when did the myths about him and his

relationship to Mozart begin? What Tony and Academy Award winning play and movie

tells that story?

What is “Chamber Music”? What composer is credited with the greatest accomplishments in Chamber Music? How many musicians are required for Chamber Music?

Page 36: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Did Beethoven write and re-write his music or did he compose seemingly without effort?

The writers, poets and playwrights of the Classic period worked with what cultural and aesthetic goals in mind?

Did Mozart’s talent require training? What proof was recorded of his talents?

“Music, of all the arts, has the greatest influence over the passions....The Marriage of Figaro contains all of the elements of the French Revolution”

When did Beethoven’s hearing begin to fail? Why? Why have the facts recently changed?

Page 37: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

The excavation of what two major cities marks the birth of the Classical Period?

Why is Haydn considered to be the “Father Of The Symphony”?“Papa Haydn”?

How many movements are standard in a Classical concerto? Which tempo scheme is standard for a Classical concerto?

Between 1812 and 1817 Beethoven composed almost no music. Three crisis interrupted his musical concentration. What were those three events?

Mozart once wrote to his father that he was really only interested in writing one genre and that all his other compositions were just to generate income. What is that one genre?

What is the “surprise” in the “Surprise Symphony” by Haydn? Why did he feel the need to surprise his audiences? How did he accomplish the surprise?

Page 38: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

Essay Questions Explain how Susanna (The Marriage Of Figaro) and Leporello (Don

Giovanni) are radical characters and thereby symbolic of the entire Classical period. Your answer must include a discussion of the musical and social/political implications each character presents.

What did Ferdinand Hiller do on May 27, 1827? What was the fate of the locket? How has the history of Beethoven’s final years changed as a result? Where is the largest collection of Beethoven artifacts housed today?

Describe Beethoven’s week of May 1-7, 1824 in detail, including the premiere of the 9th.

Identify and label each section of the Sonata form in detail.

Draw a diagram of the finale of Act II of Marriage Of Figaro showing the continuum of new characters and new plot twists. Characters names are: Antonio, Bartolo, Basilio/Curzio, The Count, The Countess, Figaro, Marcellina, Susanna. Then explain TWO ways in which the finale of Act II of Marriage Of Figaro was a revolutionary act.

Page 39: Beethoven (Part 2) & Review for Test #2 Music Appreciation, Class #9.

New York PhilharmonicThree tickets left!


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