Developments in Marine Technology, 2 P1985-10
B©SS Behaviour of Offshore Structures Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Behaviour of Offshore Structures (BOSS '85), Delft, The Netherlands, July 1-5, 1985
Edited by
J.A. BATTJES
Department of Civil Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
ELSEVIER
•'•^^^yiliS- Amsterdam - Oxford - New York - Tokyo 1985
ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS B.V. Wlolenwerf 1 , P.O. Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Distributors for the United States and Canada:
ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHING COMPANY INC. 52, Vanderbilt Avenue New York, NY 10017
ISBN 0-44442513-6 (Vol . 2)
ISBN 0-444-42384-2 (Series)
© Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., 1985
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photcopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior wri t ten permis
sion of the publisher, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V./Science & Technology Division, P.O. Box 330, 1000 AH
Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Special regulations for readers in the USA - This publication has been registered with the Copyright Clearance Center Inc. (CCC), Salem Massachusetts. Information can bo obtained from the CCC about conditions under which photocopies of parts of this publication may be made in the USA. All other copyright questions, including photocopying outside of the USA, should be referred to the copyright owner, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., unless otherwise specified.
Papers B13 and C I4 © Crown in Right of Canada.
Printed in The Netherlands
4th INTERNATIONAL C O N F E R E N C E ON BEHAVIOUR OF O F F S H O R E S T R U C T U R E S
Delft, The Netherlands, July 1 -5 , 1985
Sponsored by
Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
Centre for Marine Technology, London University, UK
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
Norwegian Institute of Technology, Norway
International Organizing Committee
E.W. Bijker (The Netherlands)
C, Chryssostomidis (USA)
T. Moan (Norway)
S. Montgomery (UK)
P.L. Pratt (UK)
Local Organizing Committee
J.A. Battjes
E.W. Bijker (chairman)
A . N . Neumann
J.N. Ringers
A. Starink
Scientific Committee
J.A. Battjes (chairman). Delft University of Technology, Delf t
J. Gerritsma, Delft University of Technology, Delft
J.F. Haardt, Heerema Engineering Service, Lefden
C.H. Hulsbergen, Delft Hydraulics Laboratory, Delft
M.F.J.M. Kroezen, Delft Soil Mechanics Laboratory, Delf t
G. van Oortmerssen, Maritime Research Institute Netherlands, Wageningen
J. Strating, Protech International, Schiedam
Ch.J. Vos, Delta Marine Consultants, Gouda
J.H. Vugts, Shell Internationale Petroleum Maatschappij, The Hague
V I
FOREWORD
The BOSS conferences are 3-yearly conferences sponsored by the Centre of Marine Technology,
London University (UK) , the Delft University of Technology (The Netherlands), the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology (USA) and the Norwegian Institute of Technology (Norway). The conferences
of 1976, 1979 and 1982 were held respectively in Trondheim, London and Cambridge, Massachusetts.
The conference t i t le, Behaviour of Offshore Structures, implies that the behaviour of offshore struc
tures is the sole subject of the conferences, whereas the actual scope is much wider and also includes the
design and design conditions.
The main idea behind the conferences has been, and still is, that researchers in the broad field con
nected w i th offshore structures report on their latest work before a forum of colleagues and users. This
work, which is fundamental in principle, concerns the forces exerted by the environment on the struc
tures as well as the reaction of the structure and soil to these forces. Typical material properties and
constructional topics are also treated in various papers. Not only the discussion between the researchers,
but also the reaction f rom the engineers in the field, the users, contributes greatly to the value of the
conference. It is also for this reason that papers on the actual behaviour of offshore structures are highly
appreciated.
A conference like this can only be a success if papers of a sufficiently high standard are presented.
The Scientific Committee had the d i f f icu l t task to select a number of good papers f rom a much larger
number of abstracts submitted. I th ink that, thanks also to the quality of the papers submitted, they
have succeeded very well in their task.
E.W. Bijker
Chairman,
Local Organizing Committee
V I I
PREFACE
In its preparations for the program of Boss '85, the Scientific Committee decided to strive for a sig
nificant amount of contributions dealing wi th an integrated approach to the description, analysis and
modelling of the behaviour of offshore structures. This was indicated in the Call for Papers. Within the
central theme of an integrated approach, submission of contributions in the fol lowing categories was es
pecially requested:
• Predictions of overall behaviour during the design stage.
• Analysis of the behaviour of entire structures-as-built, preferably including comparisons of observed
behaviour wi th that predicted mathematically or on the basis of scale models.
• Modelling of the behaviour of degraded and/or damaged structures. The problem of assessment of the
reliability of such structures should preferably be addressed also.
• Case histories and analyses of failures of structures (collapse, overturning, capsizing).
Contributions dealing w i th subsystems or system aspects were also welcome, provided their relation t o
the whole was made explicit and clear.
A large number of abstracts were submitted in response to the Call for Papers. Many of them were of good quality, although the number of abstracts dealing wi th the topics specifically requested was less than was hoped for,
To ensure high-quality contributions to the Conference as much as possible, the Scientific Committee
adopted a two-stage selection procedure. On the basis of the abstracts received, contributions were either
rejected or provisionally accepted. Final acceptance took place (or not) based on a review of the manu
script of the complete paper. The Committee has tried to obtain a representative cross-section over the
field of the Conference.
The majority of the accepted contributions were scheduled for oral presentation in one of three parallel sessions; the others have been designated for presentation in posters, to be on display during the entire Conference. One half afternoon has been reserved exclusively for discussions about the poster papers.
In addition to the submitted contributions, the Scientific Committee selected five topics for presenta
t ion in plenary review lectures by invited speakers. Many thanks are due to these speakers for accepting
the invitation and for preparing and presenting their substantial contributions.
Thanks to the cooperation of the authors, all conference contributions are included in this volume.
Invited lectures have been placed f irst, followed by submitted contributions presented orally, and sub
mitted contributions presented in posters. The sequence and numbering of the papers in the Proceedings
have been chosen for convenience in use by Conference participants. There is some degree of ordering
of papers per topic, but this is only partial because the Conference was run in three parallel sessions.
In closing, a word of thanks is addressed to all those who have contributed to the success of the
Conference either as author of a paper, as speaker or as session chairman.
J.A. Battjes
Chairman,
Scientific Committee
IX
CONTENTS
COMMITTEES
FOREWORD
PREFACE
11
V
VI
V I I
21
53
I I I
Case h i s t o r i e s of s t r u c t u r a l damages - lessons learned E.M.Q. R«5ren, T. S o l l i e and B. C a r l i n (Norway)
12 The i n f l u e n c e of s o i l p r o p e r t i e s on the behaviour of offshore s t r u c t u r e s A. V e r r u l j t (The Netherlands)
13 Pla t f o r m a l t e r n a t i v e s f o r the T r o l l f i e l d C.E. Fay (Norway)
14 Recent developments i n ice mechanics and i c e loads
K.R. Croasdale (Canada)
15 The r e l i a b i l i t y concept as an a i d t o deci s i o n making I n o f f s h o r e engineering /3
M.J. Baker (UK)
Al A u n i f i e d p r o b a b i l i s t i c approach to p r e d i c t i n g the response of offs h o r e 95
s t r u c t u r e s , i n c l u d i n g the extreme response
R.B. I n g l i s (USA), J.G.L. P i j f e r s and J.H. Vugts (The Netherlands)
A2 Service behaviour of the Murchison p l a t f o r m E.R.G. B e l l and J.K. Ward (UK), R. Zimmer (USA)
A3 I n - s e r v i c e response a n a l y s i s of two f i x e d o f f s h o r e p latforms J. Thebault, I . . Robberstad, I . Langen (Norway), G. Agnello, Y. Doucet and R. Nerzic (France)
A4 Evaluation of experiences from three l a r g e - s i z e t e s t s i n the North Sea w i t h i n the design procedure of offs h o r e s t r u c t u r e s K. Kokkinowrachos, J. Hoefeld and A. M i t z l a f f (FRG)
A5 Predicted and measured long terra s t r e s s range d i s t r i b u t i o n s f o r the
Fulmar A p l a t f o r m R.B. I n g l i s (USA) and T.E. K i n t (The Netherlands)
A6 Fatigue and dynamic ana l y s i s o f moored offshore s t r u c t u r e s . Comparison l b /
w i t h e x i s t i n g r e g u l a t i o n s S.A. L«Stveit and T. Wangensten (Norway)
A7 Comparison between measured and ca l c u l a t e d behaviour of a moored
semi-submersible p l a t f o r m M. Mjirch and T. Moan (Norway)
A8 F l o a t i n g s t a b i l i t y and seaworthiness - trends and development iö' M. M»5rland, J. Wiborg, S.A. L i i t v e i t and M. Sigurdsen (Norway)
A9 Modelling of the dynamic behaviour of damaged platforms by time s i m u l a t i o n methods and model t e s t s A. Naess, J.R. Hoff and K. H e r f j o r d (Norway)
AlO S t a b i l i t y of damaged platforms i n waves P.O. Moncarz, J.R. P a u l l i n g , R.K. Taylor and J.M. Thomas (USA)
A l l The loading on a c y l i n d e r i n p o s t - c r i t i c a l flow beneath p e r i o d i c and 213
random waves P.W. Bearman, J.R. Chaplin and J.M.R. Graham (UK), J.K. Kostense (The Netherlands), P.F. H a l l (UK) and G. Klopman (The Netherlands)
A12 Numerical s i m u l a t i o n of flow around c i r c u l a r c y l i n d e r s at high Reynolds 227 numbers J.J.W. van der Vegt and W.C. de Boom (The Netherlands)
A13 A n o n - l i n e a r , frequency domain d e s c r i p t i o n of wave forces on an element of a v e r t i c a l p i l e i n random seas J.H. Vugts (The Netherlands) and A.G, Bouquet (Norway)
A U Collapse behaviour of trusswork s t e e l platforms T. Moan, J. Amdahl, A.G. Engseth and T. G r a n l i (Norway)
A15 Parametric resonance of C.A.L.M. buoy motions i n reg u l a r waves J.M. Chantrel and Ch. Berhault (France)
A16 Slow d r i f t motions of a f l o a t i n g body i n narrow-banded seas Y. Agnon and CC. Mei (USA)
175
195
205
239
255
269
281
X
- A17 Nonlinear hydrodynatnic i n t e r a c t i o n i n o f f s h o r e loading systems 293 T. Marthinsen and T. V i n j e (Norway)
A18 Revision of f a t i g u e l i f e c a l c u l a t i o n s and associated u n c e r t a i n t i e s i n 303 the l i g h t of i n service data J . Wolfram (UK)
A19 Methodologies f o r l i m i t s t a t e r e l i a b i l i t y a n a l y s i s of offshore j a c k e t 315 platforms G.E, Edwards, A. H e i d w e i l l e r , J. Kerstens and A. Vrouwenvelder (The Netherlands)
BI A j a c k e t launch computer program compared w i t h two f u l l - s c a l e launches 325 C. Aage (Denmark), P.E. Christiansen (UK) and J, M($ller (Denmark)
B2 The v a l i d i t y of q u a s i - s t a t i c and approximate formulae i n the context of 337 cable and f l e x i b l e r i s e r dynamics A.T. R a c t l i f f e (UK)
B3 Response of anchor l i n e s t o e x c i t a t i o n at the top 347 S.H. P o l d e r d i j k (The Netherlands)
BA Dynamic behaviour of mooring l i n e s 359 H.J.J, van den Boom (The Netherlands)
B5 Forces on s t r u c t u r e s due to deepwater breaking waves 369 W.J. Easson and CA. Created (UK)
- B6 Dynamic behavior of f l e x i b l e r i s e r 375 Ch. Bratu and P. Narzul (France)
B7 A comparison of l i n e a r and nonlinear methods f o r dynamic an a l y s i s of 383 marine r i s e r s B.J. L e i r a and S.N. Remseth (Norway)
BB Collapse and r e s i d u a l s t r e n g t h of damaged t u b u l a r members 395 J. Taby and T. Moan (Norway)
B9 Evaluation of weld r e p a i r of dented members 409 J.L. Grover and G.R. Egan (USA)
BIO Damage of ort h o g o n a l l y s t i f f e n e d s h e l l s 419 B.F. Ronalds and P.J. Dowling (UK)
BH Stress concentrations i n T/Y and gap/overlap K - j o i t i t s 429 M. Efthymiou and S. Durkin (The Netherlands)
B12 Experimental research on t u b u l a r T - j o i n t s under p r o p o r t i o n a l l y a p p l i e d 441 combined s t a t i c loading H.G.A. S t o l . R.S. P u t h l i and F.S.K. B i j l a a r d (The Netherlands)
B13 Fracture mechanics assessment of f a t i g u e l i f e of welded p l a t e T - j o i n t s , 453 i n c l u d i n g thickness e f f e c t 0. Vosikovsky, R. B e l l , D.J. Burns and U.H. Mohaupt (Canada)
B14 Stress concentrations i n cast corner j o i n t s of tubular s t r u c t u r e s 465 CD. Edwards and H. Fessler (UK)
B15 Creep of concrete i n seawater 475 J.P.G. Mijnsbergen and H.W. Reinhardt (The Netherlands)
B16 P l a i n concrete under sustained t e n s i l e or t e n s i l e and compressive 487 f a t i q u e loadings H.A.W. Cornellssen and A.J.M. Slemes (The Netherlands)
B17 Fatique i n prestressed concrete f o r marine a p p l i c a t i o n s 499 U.K. Banerjee ( A u s t r a l i a ) , T. Hodgkiess and P.D. Arthur (UK)
B18 Under water i n s p e c t i o n of concrete s t r u c t u r e s 513 J . I . de Lange, K. Verhuist and R. Breeuwer (The Netherlands)
B19 Under water r e p a i r s w i t h cement based concretes 523
P.D. S t e i j a e r t and J.F. de Kreuk (The Netherlands)
Cl A new-generation of panel programs f o r r a d i a t i o n - d i f f r a c t i o n problems 531 S.R. B r e i t , J.N. Newman and P.D. Sclavounos (USA)
C2 The development of hydrodynamic analyses f o r a r t i c u l a t e d column-based 545
f l o a t i n g production systems D.P. Snowden, J.G. Warren and M.R.C Bury (UK)
C3 Interdependence between dynamic surge n o t i o n s of p l a t f o r m and t e t h e r s 557
f o r a deep water TLP £. Slmiu and A. Carasso (USA)
C4 On improvements to the design of tensioned buoyant platforms 563 M.H. Pace! and J.A, Witz (UK)
589
601
633
643
673
685
XI
C5 S t a t i c and c y c l i c load t e s t s on a d r i l l e d and grouted p i l e i n calcareous 577 sand J.F. Nauroy, F. Brucy and P. Le T l r a n t (France)
C6 Behaviour of p i l e s i n cl a y under c y c l i c a x i a l loading - r e s u l t s of f i e l d model t e s t s K. Karlsrud and T. Haugen (Norway)
C7 Accuracy and r e l i a b i l i t y of dynamic p i l e t e s t i n g techniques P. Middendorp and C. van Zandwijk (The Netherlands)
C8 Assessing the s a f e t y of of f s h o r e p i l e s by displacement monitoring 611 R.J. Jardine, D.M. P o t t s , D.W. Hight and J.B. Burland (UK)
C9 A p p l i c a t i o n of moni t o r i n g systems during p i l e d r i v i n g i n North Sea sands 623
M, Visser, G.L. van der Zwaag and D.J.H.M. Plulmgraaff (The Netherlands)
CIO P i l e d r i v i n g performance a t the Iwakl s i t e R.D. Raines and J.D. Murff (USA)
CH A method to evaluate the geotechnlcal s t a b i l i t y of off-shore s t r u c t u r e s founded on a l o o s e l y packed seabed sand I n a wave loading environment F.B.J. Barends and E.O.F. Calle (The Netherlands)
C12 Seismic response of g r a v i t y s t r u c t u r e s w i t h s o i l i n t e r a c t i o n 653 S.F. Pawsey, W.C. Knudson and S. Vahdani (USA), G.F. Bach (Norway)
C13 A numerical study of the foundation behaviour of a proposed North Sea 665 g r a v i t y p l a t f o r m D.M. Potts and D. Kindle (UK)
C14 Wave loading on a c o n i c a l g r a v i t y p l a t f o r m W.W. Jamleson, E.P.D. Mansard and G.R. Mogridge (Canada)
C15 C a l c u l a t i o n of g l o b a l i c e force from wall-mounted pressure sensors P.E. Myers (USA)
C16 A review of i n t e r a c t i o n of icebergs w i t h offshore s t r u c t u r e s 693 V.M. Arunachalam, W. Bobby, D.B. Muggeridge and R.A. Stacey (Canada)
G17 Towards an a c t u a l p r o b a b i l i s t i c approach i n p r e d i c t i n g offshore 705 st r u c t u r e s behaviour i n a r c t i c regions L.C. Zaleski-Zamenhof (France) and M. Rojansky (USA)
C18 The n a t u r a l s e l f - b u r i a l of submarine p i p e l i n e s 717 W. Leeuwestein. E.W. B i j k e r , E.B. Peerbolte and E.G. Wind (The Netherlands)
C19 S t a t i c s and dynamics of p i p e l i n e spans 729 P.J.M. Lapidaire (The Netherlands)
Pi Second order wave loading on surface p i e r c i n g c y l i n d e r s 739 D.M. E l l l x and K, Arumugam (UK)
P2 Wave forces on m u l t i p l e l e g platforms 751 H. Kagemoto and D.K.P. Yue (USA)
P3 Long-term p r o b a b i l i t y d i s t r i b u t i o n s and f a t i q u e damage f o r Morison-type 763 wave loading P.H.J. Verbeek and J.J.H. Brouwers (UK)
P4 Viscous a n a l y s i s of submarine flows 773 L. Edgers (USA) and K. Karlsrud (Norway)
P5 A p p l i c a t i o n to design of marine foundations of a complete model f o r 785 c y c l i c behaviour of s o i l s Y. Meimon and F. Lassoudiere (France)
P6 Geotechnlcal aspects of submarine p i p e l i n e s 797 S.E.J. Spierenburg (The Netherlands)
P7 Anchor chain cables o f f s h o r e . Strength and r e l i a b i l i t y 807 J. Lereim (Norway)
P8 The e l a s t i c - p l a s t i c f i n i t e element a n a l y s i s of tu b u l a r j o i n t s of 813 offshore d r i l l i n g p l a tforms T.-Y. Chen and S.-Y. Wu (P.R. of China)
P9 S t r u c t u r a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s of overlapped nodes 823 K. Nakamura, H. Sada, T. Shinke and B. An (Japan)
PIO The experimental behaviour of grouted connections f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n and 835 rep a i r L.F. Boswell and C. D'Mello (UK)
PI I Endochronic c o n s t i t u t i v e modeling of marine f i b e r r e i n f o r c e d concrete 845 and frozen s o i l
D.V. Reddy and K.R. Gopal (USA)
XII
?12
P13
P14
P15
P16
P17
PI8
P19
P20
P21
P22
P23
P24
P25
Corrosion aspects of s t e e l i n concrete o f f shore s t r u c t u r e s J.J. Eberwijn and CD. de Waal (The Netherlands) Steel f i b r e r e i n f o r c e d concrete f o r marine a p p l i c a t i o n s P.S. Mangat and K. Gurusamy (UK)
I n t e r a c t i o n of crude o i l and concrete i n o f f s h o r e o i l storage tanks P.J.E. S u l l i v a n , O.A. Onabolu and G.A. Khoury (UK) Fender l a y e r p r o t e c t i o n of sub-surface concrete caissons S.H. Perry and G. Dinic (UK)
Q u a s i - s t a t i c response of j a c k e t platforms subject to non-linear wave loading R.L. Bruce (UK) V i b r a t i o n c o n t r o l of a t o w e r - l i k e s t r u c t u r e i n the sea T. Shimogo and H. Tohma (Japan) Damping of f i x e d o f f s h o r e platforms N. Spids<5e and I . Langen (Norway)
New aseismic design of concrete p l a t f o r m subjected to strong earthquake motion H. Yamamoto, K. H o r l k o s h i , T. Kimura and S. Hirashlma (Japan) S o i l - s t r u c t u r e i n t e r a c t i o n i n the dynamic response of an offshore s t r u c t u r e J.G.A. Munro, C J . Cudworth and A.A. Rodger (UK) Response of o f f s h o r e s t r u c t u r e s to ber g y - b i t and iceberg impacts M. Arockiasamy, A.S.J, Swamidas and H. El-Tahan (Canada) Nonlinear cable dynamics A. B l i e k and M.S. T r i a n t a f y l l o u (USA) Design considerations and behaviour of moored of f s h o r e vessels F.A. Ramzan and N.D. M i t c h e l l (UK)
The analyses of the dynamic behaviour of the Eastern Scheldt storm surge b a r r i e r c o n s t r u c t i o n vessels w i t h mathematical models A. van der Made, J. de Jong and L.D. Boom (The Netherlands) On the p r a c t i c a l e v a l u a t i o n of hydrodynamic c o e f f i c i e n t s of semisubmersible p l a t f o r m s , based on systematic model t e s t s R. Kishev ( B u l g a r i a ) , A. Ivanov and L. Pomeranetz (USSR)
AUTHOR INDEX
857
867
881
889
899
907
915
927
939
951
963
973
985
999
1011
