Bell Ringer 10/22/13Bell Ringer 10/22/13Respond to the following in your Respond to the following in your notes:notes:

1.1.Draw a nucleotide and label the Draw a nucleotide and label the parts (don’t cheat – see if you parts (don’t cheat – see if you remember!)remember!)

2.2.What is the purpose of PCR? (this What is the purpose of PCR? (this was in your Ch. 9 HW)was in your Ch. 9 HW)Leave the sheets on your desk alone for now – we will Leave the sheets on your desk alone for now – we will look at those in a bitlook at those in a bit

DNA ReplicationDNA Replication

DNA ReplicationDNA Replication

Replication = DNA copies itself Replication = DNA copies itself exactlyexactly(Occurs within the nucleus)(Occurs within the nucleus)

Any mistake in copying = Any mistake in copying = mutationmutation

A. A. Basic Facts of DNA Basic Facts of DNA ReplicationReplication

1. 1. Complementary Complementary base pairing base pairing makes makes replication possiblereplication possible

C C - - GGA A - - TT

A. A. Basic Facts of DNA Basic Facts of DNA ReplicationReplication

2. One side of DNA 2. One side of DNA molecule is a molecule is a templatetemplate for making for making the other side the other side (strand)(strand)

B. Process of DNA ReplicationB. Process of DNA Replication

1.1. Uncoil & unzip DNA moleculeUncoil & unzip DNA molecule

Enzyme (-ase)Enzyme (-ase) breaks breaks

weakweak Hydrogen Bonds Hydrogen Bonds

between basesbetween bases

B. B. Process of DNA ReplicationProcess of DNA Replication

2. 2. Enzyme brings in complementary N-basesEnzyme brings in complementary N-bases

DNA Polymerase

B. B. Process of DNA ReplicationProcess of DNA Replication

3. New hydrogen bonds form 3. New hydrogen bonds form between nitrogenous bases between nitrogenous bases of the template strand and of the template strand and the newly-forming daughter the newly-forming daughter strand. strand.

DNA Replication TutorialDNA Replication Tutorialhttp://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/chapter14/dna_replication.html

C. Semi-conservative replication

DNA vs. RNA - StructureDNA vs. RNA - Structure

DNADNA RNARNA

Sugar = Sugar = deoxyribosedeoxyribose Sugar = Sugar = riboseribose

DoubleDouble-stranded -stranded moleculemolecule

SingleSingle-stranded -stranded moleculemolecule

ThymineThymine bonds with bonds with adenineadenine

UracilUracil instead of thymine instead of thymine

DNA vs. RNA – Add’tl infoDNA vs. RNA – Add’tl info

DNADNA RNARNA

Nuclear Nuclear DNADNA

MitochondrialMitochondrial DNA DNA

ChloroplastChloroplast DNA DNA

mRNAmRNA = messenger = messenger

tRNA tRNA = transfer= transfer

rRNArRNA = ribosomal = ribosomal

Nuclear DNA Nuclear DNA never never leaves the nucleusleaves the nucleus

Assembled in nucleus, Assembled in nucleus, moves to cytoplasmmoves to cytoplasm

((leaves the nucleusleaves the nucleus))

RNA RNA vs. vs. DNADNA