Bell-Ringer1.What stage of puberty does menarche occur?

2.In what stage does most of the musculature develop in

males?

3.When during the menstrual cycle does ovulation

occur?

4.What STD’s do you know of? What do you know

about them?

“Sign my card” gameMake sure you get at least 3 signatures from your peers. In order for them to sign your card, you must find something you have in common with them.

#1 65 million people in the U.S. are currently living with an incurable STD.#2 15 million people in the U.S. will become infected with 1 or more of the diseases. Roughly half will contract life long infections.#3 It is sometimes thought that there isn’t a problem among teens when it comes to STD’s. In reality 2/3’s of all STD cases occur in adolescents and young adults.

STD’s caused by Bacteria

1. Chlamydia2. Gonorrhea3. Syphilis

STD’s caused by Virus

1. Genital Warts2. Genital Herpes3. Hepatitis B4. HIV/AIDS

CHLAMYDIA • The number one most frequently reported communicable disease in Utah and the US in 2010

o Cases reported: Utah - 6690 US - 1.3 million o Rates: Utah - 234.9 US - 426.0

• Utah trends: 7% rate increase from 2009-10; 21% rate increase from 2006-10 • Highest disease burden, Utah, 2010

o Two-thirds of the cases were among 15-24 year olds. o The highest rate was among females 15-19 years (1404.8) followed by females 20- 24 years o The rate among women (316.2) was twice that among men (154.6). o Black/African Americans had the highest rate with (783.6), followed by Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders (662.6), Hispanics (475.3), and American Indians

The most prevalent bacterial STD in the U.S. Today!(Answer to Question #31 on the assignment.)

#4 STD’s affect men & women equally.

#6 It is possible for a person to have more than one STD at the same time because each disease is caused by a different pathogen. (Answer to question # 34 on the

assignment.)

#5 Your body does not build an immunity, therefore it is possible to contract a disease over and over. (Answer to question # 33 on the assignment.)

#7 Some people think that only people who have numerous sex partners are vulnerable to get STD’s.

False. It takes one time with an infected person to contract the disease.

Teens who are sexually active usually have more than one sex partner. They engage in unprotected sex and they select high risk partners, those who have a history of multiple partners or intravenous drug use.

#8 Many of the STD’s have symptoms that are hard to recognize or in some cases, especially early in the disease no symptoms are present.

#9 Those STD’s caused by bacteria can be cured with antibiotics. If it is a virus it can not be cured.

#10 The result of untreated STD’s is sterility.

#11 Women can transmit the diseases to their unborn babies. (If a woman is going to have a baby and she has Genital Herpes the doctor will do a “C” section. They will not let the baby become infected.)

#12. STD’s are more harmful and readily transmitted to women due to their anatomical difference.

#13. Genital Warts, caused by a virus, is the leading cause of cervical cancer in women.

#14. For those who choose not to be sexually active (and then only when you are ready and prepared for that life long commitment with one person), and have chosen not to misuse or abuse drugs, these diseases will never be a problem or concern to you personally. (HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis are basically the only STD’s that can be transmitted other ways.)

Chlamydia - A bacterial infection that can be cured with antibiotics.

Symptoms in Males:

•Pain and burning during urination.•An unusual discharge from the penis.

Symptoms in Females:

•Unusual discharge from the vagina.•Pain in the pelvic region.•Painful urination.

•If untreated can cause Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). (A painful infection of the ovaries, fallopian tubes , and or uterus.)

If untreated and undiagnosed chances of sterility in both males and females will result.

•The most prevalentSTD bacterial infectionin the US today!

Gonorrhea - A bacterial infection that can be cured with antibiotics. Symptoms are not always obvious, especially in females.Symptoms may go away on their own, but the disease is still present.Symptoms usually appear between days 3 and 3 weeks after sexual contactwith an infected person.

Male Symptoms

•A whitish discharge from the penis.•A burning sensation during urination.•The lymph nodes in the groin may become enlarged and tender.

Female Symptoms

•Abnormal menstruation.•A burning sensation during urination.•Abdominal pain and tenderness.•A slight discharge from the vagina.•A pregnant female can transmit the infection to her unborn child. The baby cango blind.

SyphilisA bacterial infection that can be cured with antibiotics, but if not treated and it goes to the Neurosyphilis Stageit can not be cured.

4 Stages of Syphilis

1st - Primary Stage:•First sign is a Chancre sore (a painless, reddish sore where the pathogen enters the body.)•It appears 10 to 90 days after being infected and lasts 1 to 5 weeks and then goes away.

2nd - Secondary Stage:•A non-itching rash appears.•Sores may develop from the rash.•Lymph nodes swell.•Fever•Sore throat•A general sick feeling

These symptoms will disappear but the disease continues to develop.

3rd - Latent Stage:•Usually begins two or more years after the initial infection.•Begins to attack the heart and blood vessels and CNS.•The damage is slow and steady.•A person can relapse back to the second stage and sores will reappear.

4th - Neurosyphilis Stage:•Begins 10 to 30 years after being infected.•Heart, skin, brain, and spinal cord are affected.•Lose ability to coordinate muscles and movement.•Blindness.•CNS is affected and insanity results.•Can be treated but not cured.

All died of Syphilis

Napoleon BonaparteFranz Shubert

Christopher Columbus

Al Capone

Interesting Statistics

The number of new HIV infections and AIDS diagnoses in Utah and the US, 2010

o HIV infection (including AIDS): Utah – 86 US – 50,000 estimatedo AIDS Diagnoses Utah – 23 US – 35,000 estimated

Utah Trendso New HIV infection rates decreased 32% from 2009 to 2010; and 38% from 2006 to 2010o New AIDS diagnosis rates decreased 32% from 2009 t0 2010; and 44% from 2006 to 2010

Highest disease burden of new HIV infections in Utah, 2010

o Of the new infections, 86% were among males.o The highest rate overall was among males 40-44 yrs., followed by males 35-39 yrs.o The rate among women was significantly lower than among men.o The highest rate among females was 40-44 yr. olds, followed by 30-34 yr. olds.

People Living in Utah and the US as of December 31, 2010o HIV infections (including AIDS) Utah – 2,551 US – 1.2 milliono AIDS Diagnoses Utah – 1,384 US – 500,000

Highest disease burden among people living with HIV/AIDS in Utah as of 12/31/10o Of those living with an HIV-infection (including AIDS), 86% are among males.o The highest rate is among males 40 – 49 yrs. followed by males 50 – 54 yrs.o The rate among women is significantly lower than among men.o The highest rate among females is in 40 - 44 yr. olds.o White individuals account for 69% of those living with an HIV-infection, followed by Hispanics (18%), and Black/African Americans (9%).

Pam Stenzel Video

1. Young people under 25 represent what percentage of all new HIV infections in the US?

D. 50%

2. T or F: Aids is an incurable disease spread mainly by unprotected sex or by sharing needles with someone who has the virus called HIV.

T

3. T or F: Young Americans between the ages of 13 and 25 are contracting HIV at the rate of 2 per hour.

T

4. HIV is not present in…. A. semen and vaginal secretions B. the air that you breathe C. blood D. breast milk

B

5. You can become infected with HIV by…. A. sharing utensils or drinking glasses with someone with HIV B. using the same toilet seat as an HIV-positive person C. hugging someone with HIV D. being bitten by a mosquito E. none of the above

E

6. Which does not help to reduce the risk of transmitting HIV? A. using a latex condom or female condom B. using birth control methods C. abstinence D. all of the above help to reduce transmission

B

7. If you are infected with HIV, you might show symptoms…. A. within a few months B. within a year C. in 10 or more years D. any of the above

D

8. T or F: New HIV/AIDS drug treatments have lowered the number of AIDS-related deaths in the US and enabled people with HIV to live longer.

T

9. T or F: There are medicines for HIV-positive pregnant women that can greatly decrease the chances of transmitting HIV to their babies.

T

10. T or F: Only drug users and gay men need to worry about becoming infected with HIV.

F

Myth versus Reality

MYTH: HIV or AIDS can be cured.

REALITY: To date, there is no cure for HIV or AIDS and there are no vaccines to prevent HIV infection.

MYTH: HIV/AIDS is a gay disease.

REALITY: Anyone can be susceptible to HIV/AIDS, regardless of their sexual orientation. Everyone is at risk of getting HIV from blood-to-blood contact, sharing needles or unsafe sex. Worldwide, HIV is spread most often through heterosexual contact.

MYTH: You can get HIV from breathing the air around an HIV-infected person or from hugging or holding hands with an HIV-infected person.

REALITY: HIV cannot be transmitted through….• toilet seats or door-knob handles.• touching, hugging, holding hands, or cheek kissing with an HIV-infected person.• sharing eating utensils with an HIV-infected person.• mosquito bites.

HIV is transmitted through contact with an HIV-positive person’s body fluids.HIV can also be transmitted through needles contaminated with HIV-infectedblood, including needles used for injecting drugs, tattooing or body piercing.

MYTH: I can get HIV by sharing exercise equipment or playing sports with an HIV-positive person.

REALITY: Contact with sweat or tears has never been shown to result in transmission of HIV.

MYTH: You can get HIV by kissing an HIV-infected person.

REALITY: Casual contact through closed-mouth or “social” kissing is not a risk for transmission of HIV. Because of the theoretical potential for contact with blood during “French” or open-mouthed kissing, the CDC recommends against engaging in this activity with an infected person. However, no cases of AIDS have been attributed to any kind of kissing.

MYTH: I can’t have more than one sexually transmitted disease (STD) at a time.

REALITY: A person can be infected with more than one STD. A person with an untreated STD may also be 6-10 times more likely to pass on or acquire HIV during sex. Risk for infection increases 10 to 300-fold in the presence of a genital ulcer, such as occurs in syphilis or genital herpes.

MYTH: I would know if a loved one or I had HIV.

REALITY: A person with HIV may not show any symptoms for up to ten years. Since HIV affects each person differently, many people with HIV can look and feel healthy for years. The only sure way to know is to get tested.

MYTH: Getting tested for HIV is pointless.

REALITY Knowing if you are HIV-positive will allow you to seek early treatment that can help you stay healthy longer and enable you not to pass on the virus to someone else. Regardless of your HIV status, you can learn how to prevent future infection from HIV or other STD’s through counseling offered at many HIV testing centers.

MYTH: When you’re on HIV therapy you can’t transmit the virus to anyone else.

REALITY: Antiretroviral drugs don’t keep you from passing the virus to others. Therapy can keep the viral load down to undetectable levels, but HIV is still present in the body and can still be transmitted to others.

#14. For those who choose not to be sexually active (and then only when you are ready and prepared for that life long commitment with one person), and have chosen not to misuse or abuse drugs, these diseases will never be a problem or concern to you personally. (HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis are basically the only STD’s that can be transmitted other ways.)