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Bell RingerHow do we know how many
valence electrons an atom has?What happens during ionic
bonding?What is holding an ionic molecule
together?What 2 classes of elements are
involved in an ionic bond?
Covalent BondingChapter 6.2 a
Chemical Bonding Ionic Bond – Force that holds cations
and anions together and which involves the transfer of electrons. Occurs between a metal and a nonmetal.
Chemical BondingWhat do you think will happen
when 2 nonmetals bond?Will there be a transfer of electrons?
Why?
FF
Covalent BondingWhen two nonmetals meet - one atom is
NOT strong enough to take electrons from the other! So they must share them Covalent Bond!
Covalent bond - is a chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons.
Covalent BondingElectrons want to be in pairs – 4
pairs of 2 to fulfill the octet rule.
Paired electrons are ‘happy’!Unpaired electrons are ‘sad’
How it Works
+
How it works!
Sharing Creates a Bond
F F
Outer Level Still only hold 8!!!!
Electron Configuration & Lewis Dot Structures
All 3 figures represent the same thing!BAR = Bond of shared electrons
F F
F F F F
Diatomic means “two atoms”.
Atoms of same element share bonding electrons equally.
Balanced
Covalent Bonds
The Halogen H-O-N-ies The diatomic 7
F Cl Br I H O N
Covalent Bonds
Halogens
H-O-N-ies
Single Bond
FFF F OR
Each atom now “Feels Like” it has 8 valence electrons!
Single Bond =
• One Pair of e- Shared Between Two Atoms.• Each atom gives one e- to the shared pair
How Will These Two Bond?
Oxygen and Oxygen
O O
Double Bond
OR
•Two Pairs of Electrons are Being Shared•Each atom gives one e- to each shared pair
O O
O O
How Will These Two Bond?Nitrogen and Nitrogen
N NN
Triple Bond
OR
• Three Pairs of Electrons Being Shared
N N
N N
PracticeNCl3AsF3CF4CF2Cl2GeH4SiS2CH2OHSiNCSF2C2Br2
PracticeC2H6C2H4C2H2C3H8C3H4