Bell Work 2/10/15Bell Work 2/10/15

Bell Work 2/10/15Bell Work 2/10/15

Student Learning Student Learning Objectives:Objectives:

State Standard: State Standard: SPI 0807.9.12 Identify the basic properties of acids and SPI 0807.9.12 Identify the basic properties of acids and bases.bases.

Essential Question:Essential Question: How can I determine if a substance is an acid or a base? How can I determine if a substance is an acid or a base? (SPI 0807.9.12)(SPI 0807.9.12)

TOCTOC#79. Ch 14, sections 2 and 3 Notes#79. Ch 14, sections 2 and 3 Notes#80. Using Litmus Indicator Lab#80. Using Litmus Indicator Lab

ObjectivesObjectives DescribeDescribe four properties of acids. four properties of acids. IdentifyIdentify uses of acids. uses of acids. DescribeDescribe four properties of bases. four properties of bases. IdentifyIdentify uses of bases uses of bases..

An An AcidAcid is any compound that is any compound that increases the # of increases the # of HydroniumHydronium ionsions

((HH++)) when dissolved in water. when dissolved in water.

AcidAcid Properties:Properties:- tastes sour- tastes sour

- reacts w/ metals- reacts w/ metals- conducts electricity- conducts electricity

- color change- color change

The The ((HH++)) atom does atom does not exist alone. not exist alone.

It reacts with It reacts with HH22OO

to form to form HH33OO

Uses of AcidsUses of Acids Sulfuric acidSulfuric acid is the most widely made is the most widely made

industrial chemical in the world. It is used industrial chemical in the world. It is used to make paper, paint, detergents, to make paper, paint, detergents, fertilizers and many other products.fertilizers and many other products.

Nitric acidNitric acid is used to make fertilizers, is used to make fertilizers, rubber, and plastics.rubber, and plastics.

Hydrochloric acidHydrochloric acid is used to make metal is used to make metal from their ores by separating the metals from their ores by separating the metals from the material with which they are from the material with which they are combined.combined.

Uses of AcidsUses of Acids Hydrochloric acidHydrochloric acid is used in swimming is used in swimming

pools to help keep them free of algae. pools to help keep them free of algae. Hydrochloric acid is even found in your Hydrochloric acid is even found in your stomach, where it aids in digestion.stomach, where it aids in digestion.

Citric acidCitric acid and and ascorbic acidascorbic acid (Vitamin (Vitamin C) are found in orange juice.C) are found in orange juice.

Carbonic acidCarbonic acid and and phosphoric acidphosphoric acid help help give soft drinks a sharp taste.give soft drinks a sharp taste.

A A BaseBase is any compound that is any compound that increases the # increases the # HydroxideHydroxide ionsions ((OHOH--)) when dissolved in water. when dissolved in water.

BaseBase Properties:Properties:- bitter taste- bitter taste

- feels slippery- feels slippery- conducts electricity- conducts electricity

- color change- color change

Uses of BasesUses of Bases Sodium hydroxideSodium hydroxide is a base used to is a base used to

make soap and paper. It is also used in make soap and paper. It is also used in oven cleaners and products that unclog oven cleaners and products that unclog drains.drains.

Calcium hydroxideCalcium hydroxide, Ca(OH), Ca(OH)22, is used , is used to make cement and plaster.to make cement and plaster.

AmmoniaAmmonia is found in many household is found in many household cleaners and is used to make fertilizers. cleaners and is used to make fertilizers. Magnesium hydroxide and aluminum Magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide are used in antacids.hydroxide are used in antacids.

An An indicatorindicator is a substance is a substance that changes color in the that changes color in the

presencepresence of an acid or a base. of an acid or a base.

ObjectivesObjectives Explain the Explain the differencedifference between between

strong acids and bases and weak strong acids and bases and weak acids and bases.acids and bases.

IdentifyIdentify acids and bases by using acids and bases by using the pH scale.the pH scale.

DescribeDescribe the formation and uses the formation and uses of salts.of salts.

Strengths of Acids and BasesStrengths of Acids and Bases Acids and bases can be strong or weak. Acids and bases can be strong or weak. The The concentrationconcentration of an acid or a base of an acid or a base

is the amount of acid or base dissolved is the amount of acid or base dissolved in water.in water.

The The strengthstrength of an acid or a base of an acid or a base depends on the number of molecules depends on the number of molecules that break apart when the acid or base that break apart when the acid or base is dissolved in water.is dissolved in water.

Strong Versus Weak AcidsStrong Versus Weak Acids As an acid dissolves in water, the acid’s As an acid dissolves in water, the acid’s

molecules break apart and produce hydrogen molecules break apart and produce hydrogen ions, H+.ions, H+.

If If allall the molecules break apart, the acid is the molecules break apart, the acid is called a called a strongstrong acid.acid. Strong acids include Strong acids include sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid.acid.

If only a If only a fewfew molecules break apart, the acid is molecules break apart, the acid is a a weakweak acid. Weak acids include acetic acid, acid. Weak acids include acetic acid, citric acid, and carbonic acid.citric acid, and carbonic acid.

The The pHpH of a solution is the of a solution is the measuremeasure of of

the the HH++ ionion concentration. concentration. The The pHpH scalescale shows if a solution shows if a solution is an acid, a base or is neutral.is an acid, a base or is neutral.

pH scalepH scale 77 is neutral is neutral

7.17.1 or greater is or greater is basebase

6.96.9 or less is an acid or less is an acid

Acids, Bases, and NeutralizationAcids, Bases, and Neutralization The reaction between acids and bases is The reaction between acids and bases is

called a called a neutralizationneutralization reaction. reaction.

Acids and bases neutralize one another Acids and bases neutralize one another because the hydrogen ions (H+) in an acid because the hydrogen ions (H+) in an acid and the hydroxide ions (OH−) in a base react and the hydroxide ions (OH−) in a base react to form water, H2O. to form water, H2O.

Other ions from the acid and base dissolve in Other ions from the acid and base dissolve in the water. If the water evaporates, these ions the water. If the water evaporates, these ions join to form the compound called a join to form the compound called a saltsalt..

SaltsSalts When an acid When an acid neutralizesneutralizes a base, a salt a base, a salt

and water are produced. A and water are produced. A salt salt is an is an ionic compound formed from the ionic compound formed from the positivepositive ion of a base and the ion of a base and the negativenegative ion of an acid. ion of an acid.

Sodium chloride, commonly known as Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt, is one example of a large table salt, is one example of a large group of compounds called group of compounds called salts.salts.

Acids neutralize Acids neutralize bases because the bases because the HH++ bonds with the bonds with the OHOH--

to form to form HH22OO

Using Litmus Indicator LabUsing Litmus Indicator Lab

Your group will have 2 minutes

at each lab table. Move to

the next table when the timer

goes off.

Video ClipsVideo Clips

Acids/Bases Song Acids/Bases Song https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTLiJE-j1https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTLiJE-j1

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Cheeseburger in AcidCheeseburger in Acid https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTLiJE-j1https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTLiJE-j1

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