Bell Work:

Homework Quiz Video Clip: War to end all Wars(4 min)

10:41-14:40

Russian Revolution

In March 1917, a revolution ignites after period of worker unrest and

Russian failure in WWI

Objective

Analyze the Russian Revolution by examining The fall of the Czarist regime

Background to Revolution

Russia enters WWI un-prepared No military technology

Can’t produce weapons/no adequate supplies Czar Nicholas

no military experience or knowledge

By 1917 the people have NO will left to fight

Lost 2 million soldiers 1914 - 1916 4 - 6 million soldiers injured or captured

Background to Revolution

Role of Czar Nicholas Bad leader People upset

WWI not going well Nicholas II goes to the eastern front

leaves the czarina in charge

Alexandra made important decisions in Nicholas’ absence What is wrong with this?

Nicholas and family

Many hated Alexandra, his German wife. During the war she was accused of being a spy.

Nicholas II and his son Alexei

Background to Revolution

Rasputin intervenes Gained Alexandra’s trust through Alexei had hemophilia

Impairs body's ability to control blood clotting said he had magical powers and could heal her son Had the power behind the throne

People assassinated Rasputin Poisoned, shot him 4 times, clubbed him, bound him, and

threw him in the water and drowned him

Rasputin fun facts

1914: Rasputin was visiting his family. He was suddenly attacked by a woman named Khionia Guseva. Guseva part of a support group for women who had been hurt by Rasputin She cut him across the stomach, causing his entrails to spill out, at which point she

yelled, “I have killed the Antichrist!”

Rasputin, however, was not such an easy man to kill, and after extensive surgery survived the attempt.

2yrs later, another planned attempt was made on his life – un-successful. A group of nobles decided that Rasputin was far too dangerous to live, and invited him to a fictional get-together for friends of Princess Alexandrovna. There, they served him cakes and red wine laced with massive amounts of cyanide.

Rasputin’s Condition: poisoned

Supposedly, enough cyanide to kill 5men, but Rasputin was completely unaffected. Later, his daughter Maria would suggest that he had not eaten them at all, avoided sugary foods. Some believed him immune to poison entirely, having taken small doses for years to build up immunity.

Regardless, un-hurt. Dinner party director (Yusupov) became

concerned that he was not dying quickly enough. If died too late in evening, no time to hide the body.

Went downstairs & shot him in the back with a pistol. Rasputin hit the ground, unmoving.

Rasputin’s Condition: poisoned, shot

Later, Yusupov returned to the residence to retrieve his coat & check on the body. When entered the room, Rasputin still unconscious, but suddenly opened his eyes, lunging at Yusupov and whispering, “you bad boy” as he tried to strangle him. The other nobles ran into the room, firing pistols at Rasputin. He was hit three more times, and fell once more.

Rasputin’s Condition: poisoned, shot (four times)

Rasputin was still breathing. What’s more, he was attempting to stand up. It seemed poison and bullets could not stop him, so the men clubbed him, beating him horribly.

Rasputin’s Condition: poisoned, shot (four times), clubbed

Rasputin’s body tied up, rolled into a carpet & tossed into an icy river. Remarkably, upon hitting the icy water he struggled, breaking his bonds and escaping from the carpet. Despite all this, he was still alive. He clawed feverishly at the ice, but drowned in the river.

Rasputin’s Final Condition: poisoned, shot (four times), clubbed, hypothermia, drowned

It was confirmed in his autopsy that he had indeed been poisoned, and that he shouldn’t have survived that alone. There was also water in his lungs, confirming the story that he had been breathing in the water, and his death was ultimately ruled a drowning.

Royal family lived a life of luxury while poverty plagued most

Russian people

Faberge eggs given as Easter presents

The March Revolution Working-class women led “peace & bread” strike

Bread had been rationed for war effort Bread prices increased dramatically

Factories went on strike and closed down for 2 days Alexandra alerts Nicholas

“This is a hooligan movement” Orders soldiers to fire into the crowd to disperse the women

Soldiers refused and some joined

Provisional Gov’t

The Duma – Russian law making body

Forced Nicholas to step down – “abdicate”

Est. a “provisional” gov’t Ended the 300 year Romanov dynasty

The czar is arrested in 1917 and his family is put on house arrest

The royal family must do their own work

To Do:

Look over your WWI Test

Correct any questions that are marked wrong

Check for any mistakes Scantron Incorrect grade, etc

Have any questions ready to ask

No Homework

To Do: skip

Reading: Vladimir Lenin Read the questions Highlight or underline the answers in the reading

Bell Work:

Exit Slip #1: Background to Revolution You can use your notes from the last class

What is Lenin saying about freedom?

While the State exists there can be no freedom; when there is freedom there will be no State.

Lenin

From Czars to Communists

Lenin and Bolsheviks gained control, and ended up

overthrowing the provisional government

Objective:

Analyze the Russian Revolution by examining Lenin and the rise of the Communists in Russia

Alexander Kerensky becomes the leader of the provisional gov’t

•Makes fatal mistake: tries to cont. the war to maintain honor

•Why was this a mistake?

Vladimir Lenin Gains Power

Believed in a violent overthrow (Marx- Communism)

While in exile planned an overthrow with the Bolsheviks

the provisional government was being established not very strong

Gained power: Encouraged Bolsheviks to gain control of soviets

How? See next slide.

Germany helped Lenin back to Russia instigate a revolution

Provisional Government

Soviets Council made up of representatives from soldiers &

workers

Mostly socialists

Bolsheviks will play a big role What are they trying to do?

Bolsheviks: Wanted? LPB

Wanted peasants’ land back Evenly distributed land

Wanted an end to war

Wanted control by the people Wanted soviets to replace

provisional government

Lenin’s slogan

Land, Peace, Bread

Bolsheviks seize power

Party grew from 50,000 to 240,000

Bolsheviks in good position to claim power In the name of the soviets

Nov. 6th Bolsheviks Seize Power : Seized the Winter Palace (provisional government) Gov’t collapsed w/little bloodshed

Lenin Takes over??? Lenin gave power to Congress of Soviets

Made himself the leader of a main council in Congress

Renamed themselves --- Communists Promised peace – not an easy task

Overthrow of the Provisional Government

Treaty of Brest-Litovisk

He signed the Treaty Gave up a lot of land

eastern Poland, Ukraine, Finland, and Baltic provinces

To his critics: Mistake?

Lenin said land was not a concern socialist revolution will go

beyond borders

He promised peace but a civil war broke out

To Do

Video: History’s Turning Points – The Russian Revolution

First 10-12 min (#1-5)

No Homework

Bell Work:

Go over Exit Slip #1

Exit Slip #2: From Czars to Communists

Be ready to answer the following questions:

What is a civil war?

Why are civil wars fought?

List 3 examples of civil wars in history?

Civil War in Russia

Reds verses Whites

Objective:

Analyze the Russian Revolution by examining The civil war and triumph of the Communists

Civil War in Russia: ViewsWhat is the issue?

Bolshevik (communist) party “Reds” Get rid of the monarchy Revolution

Anti-Lenin - “Whites”

Liberals Supported the czar wanted constitutional monarchy

Socialists Wanted a socialist state wanted more democratic leaders

VS

Civil War

Allies help the socialists they did not want communism to spread

Gave material and supplies to anti-Communist supporters (“White”)

“Red Army” fought back

Civil War

Czar was even victim to war family was held prisoner Lenin orders the murder of the

royal family They were moved to a mining

town in the Urals were they were killed and buried in a mine shaft

Civil War

By 1921 Communists were in total control

Russia was centralized state with one party in control Very anti-Allies because they had helped the Whites

Triumph of the Communists Reasons why Lenin succeed against the odds

1. Red Army was well-disciplined because of Trotsky

Executed anyone who deserted or disobeyed orders

2. Disunity of anti-Communist forces

Different political issues Some Czar back Some democratic government

Communists had ONE plan

3. Patriotism brought to new level No one liked the idea of foreign militaries in their country revolt against foreign armies on their soil

To Do:

Exit Slip #3: Answer together

Review: Quiz Tomorrow

Finish Video: start at 11 minutes (#6)

Rasputin Song/Video