Bellringer April 8, 2011
Take out your homework and put it in the correct place on the counter
Take out your Chapter 8 Notes Guide
Put your materials in/under your desk
Chapter 8, Section 4: The early empire
Objectives
Today you are learning:
• How by expanding the empire and reorganizing the military and government, Augustus created a new era of prosperity
• How advancements in Rome made the empire rich and prosperous
The Emperor Augustus*Pax Romana – a
long era of peace that began with Augustus and lasted until A. D. 180
*“Roman Peace”
What did Augustus achieve? *Permanent,
professional army of about 150,000 men to provide security.
*Praetorian Guard – special unit of about 9,000 men in charge of guarding the emperor.
What did Augustus achieve? *Rebuilt Rome –
with stately palaces, fountains, and public buildings
*Imported grain from Africa to feed the poor
What did Augustus achieve? *Proconsul – governor
to rule a province of Rome *Replaced the politicians
appointed by the Senate*Tax reform – stopped
corruption of dishonest tax collectors by making tax collectors permanent gov’t workers
*Legal system – created laws for noncitizens in provinces
Who came after Augustus? *Tiberius – trained relative
of Augustus *Great military leader *Regulated business to prevent
fraud *Kept economy stable
*Caligula – Mental illness caused him to act strangely/treat people cruelly *Abolished sales tax *Allowed those in exile to
return Increase court system’s power *Wasted $ *Gave horse position of consul
Who came after Augustus?*Nero – vicious man
*Had mother/2 wives killed
Constructed building *Gave rights to slaves *Assisted cities
suffering from disaster
Unity and prosperity*Vaspasian –
general, one of Nero’s proconsuls. Restored order/peace
*Colosseum – a huge amphitheater in the center of Rome
Unity and prosperity*Titus – son of
Vespasian. *Defeated
Jews/destroyed Jewish temple in A.D. 70
*Mt. Vesuvius erupted –Pompeii destroyed
*Great fire damaged Rome
*Domitian – son of Vespasian, ruled with his brother
Both oversaw an era of growth and prosperity
PompeiiMount Vesuvius Erupted 79 CE
“bench” judge ruled from
Different colors on the columns in dif. Positions identified what businesses were located where
Chariot wheel grooves
Mount_Vesuvius_and_Pompeii.asf
The “Good Emperors”*The 5 “good emperors”
–Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius
*(like a Golden Age) – Agriculture flourished, trade increased, standard of living rose Did not abuse their power Among the most devoted &
capable rulers
*Trajan – gave $ to help poor parents raise and educate children
The “Good Emperors”*Hadrian –made
Roman law easier to understand and apply
*Antoninus Pius – passed laws to help orphans
*Aqueduct – human-made channel for carrying water long distances
Unified Empire*Trajan – empire reached
its largest size under him*Hadrian- realized the
empire had grown too big to rule effectively Pulled troops from
Mesopotamia Set northern boundaries at
the Rhine and Danube Rivers
Built wall across northern Britain to keep out enemies
*A.D. 212 – every free person made a Roman citizen
Booming Empire*Agriculture – most
important part of the economy
*Industry – potters, weavers, and jewelers produced goods Cities became centers for
making glass, bronze, and brass
*Puteoli and Ostia – Two largest port cities *Puteoli – on the Bay of
Naples *Ostia – at the mouth of the
Tiber River
Roads and money*Roads – 50,000 miles in
length
*Roman navy – helped rid the Mediterranean of pirates
*Currency – system of money
*Improvements in trade –created a standard system of weights and measures to ease pricing goods/shipping products