Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

The ProstatePyramidal shaped, fibromuscular, and glandural organ.Walnut-sized gland, 3cm long.Located anterior to the rectum, distal to the urinary bladder.

Zones of Prostate

Definition and EpidemiologyBenign prostatic hypertrophy or hyperplasia (BPH) is a histologic diagnosis characterized by proliferation of the cellular elements of the prostate.Incidence>50% in men between 60-90 y.o30 million men worldwide have symptoms related to BPH.

PathophysiologyDevelopment of microscopic stromal nodules around periurethral glandsglandular hyperplasiagland increases in size and compresses the urethraurinary obstruction.Uncertain aetiologymultifactorial, hormonal (?).

InvestigationPhysical ExaminationBladder distensionSensory and motor deficitsRectal toucher : gland sizeUrinalysis, urine cultureProstate spesific antigenElectrolytes, BUN, and creatinineUltrasonography, transrectal ultrasonographyUroflowmetry

ManagementNon-surgical treatment-adrenergic blockersAntiandrogens acting selectively at prostatic cellular lebelIntermittent self-catheterizationBalloon dilatation and stenting of prostateSurgical treatmentProstatectomyTURP

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