Berkeley Science Review - Fall 2005

8/6/2019 Berkeley Science Review - Fall 2005

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Fall 2005 Vol. 5 No. 2

An atomic opera Wolves and climate change DNA as a barcode Viruses that healPlus:

Plutonium InjectionsBighorn Sheep on the Brink

Stem Cell Research Comes to Cal

BERKELEYc i n c v i


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3/24berkeley science review

Editor in Chief

Charlie Emrich

Managing Editor

Jess Porter

Editors

Letty Brown

Lisa Green

Charlie KovenWes Marner

Angie Morey

Art Director

Ainsley Seago

Layout Editors

Andy DeMond

Wendy Hansen

Bryan Jackson

Jess Porter

Web Editor

Jesse Dill

Copy Editor

Tracy Powell

Proofreader

Kaspar Mossman

Printer

Sundance Press

Berkeley Science Review . No part o this publication may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any orm without e press permission o the publishers.ublished with nancial assistance rom the O ce o the Vice Chancellor o Research; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab; the Department o Physics; the O ce o

he E ecutive Vice-Chancellor and Provost; the Graduate Division; the College o Natural Resources; the Space Sciences Laboratory; the School o Journalism; theiological Sciences Division, College o Letters and Sciences; and the Associated Students o the University o Cali ornia (ASUC). Berkeley Science Review is not

n o cial publication o the University o Cali ornia, Berkeley, or the ASUC. The content in this publication does not necessarily re ect the views o the Universityr the ASUC. Letters to the editor and story proposals are encouraged and should be e-mailed to [email protected] or posted to the Berkeley Science

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D e a r r e a D e r s ,

Wh ou o m d to h , Ka pa Mo ma , t app oa h d m a out tath o therkeley cience eview , a a tt a d Ho a , th gu th o

o ma jou a m du at o a d o o u o th o d to a xpth magaz ? M o qua at o m d to th ot ou hou d a E g

a d p jo at a p o o ho g ad d o o m d u d g aduat Adm tt d , had om g ho to Ka pa , ma a um , a a out to pu h o o a AAA Ma M d a o h p A oth d to , M h a g o D Ago t o,

o Lo do o a umm t t at thconomist o t d m , too a d p ath, a d a d a th h p ou d g t

a t am o d to , to ou ma a a t d to , A ago, th u th a th opt m m, t, a d pat that d B g ad tud t

u 9 o ho u o th a g to that ha mad th th t tud t p odu d magaz th at o , that had to add ou pagto ho d t a

Mo a at g to tha a t a a t ou th u Ch out ou th t u d p o o , g a o Chap a (p 51), a d to o B

t a a a m d op a (p 20), th ha mo ou o x t o u (p 1

o a good o Y o to (p 18)A o that had a d o am m m d ag o d th a o thatt atm t a o t a ad a th d a O pag 16, Ma A t a out a td op g u to d d ug p to a , hop u pa g thd tat g h moth ap

W G o o a h g oo to B u a h tag o pago Jo ph Ham to , a p o o ho j t d p uto um to huma pat t

Loo g to th pa t o h t to th utu , th to o pag 30 xam hat txt t o o g mamma a tooth t g a t u a out th at o thou t pa t , Ca o a gho h p

u a o ma th ta t o a o um , Who K ?, that a m to d u ommo m o pt o a out Ch th a pag to a h th Co o

do t ha a th g to do th h h a ou to t fu h

Mo tha a th g, d to tha o that mad th u po th a m d a a o u t ta o g aduat tud t ou ha d p a ou do t, g up to o o th xt u

Ch out ou t , du o pa t u , uup om g W t g m a O d op u a at @gma

a t h p d t , o d ma g a tax d du t do at o W a a a u

E jo th u ,

Cha Em h

from the editor

BERKELEY

O V E R : C A L I F O R N I A B I G H O R N S H E E P M A Y S H A R E T H E S A M E F AT E A SA B E R T O O T H T I G E R S . S T O R Y O N P A G E 7 . [ P H O T O : J U L I A P E R K I N S ]


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berkeley science review

F A L L I S S U E 9 , V O L . , N O .

FEATURES

24 Dark Side of the Universe A a h o th t g that

pu h g th o mo apa t

by oger O rient

30 Whodunnit: Mysteryof the Missing Megafauna

C u om th pa t to a todaa g mamma

by uth urray- lay

41 All the Easy ExperimentsHuma p uto um a h th

a o o m d o t

by Will Grover

BERKELEY

6 Labscopes The Sharpest ImageMi ed SignalsJurassic Punk Walk This Way

41 Book ReviewA Machine to Make A Future: Biotech Chronicles



C u r r e N t B r i e f s

8 Superbugs!Com g oo to a gh o hood a ouby Karen arcus

10 From Noise to Signal: The Earth Hum You p a ta ou dt a by Jennie ose

12 Mark of the BeastDNA a a a od o by Aman Gill

14 Perfect Strangerso a g om O o ta th

o g a odd oup !by rendan orrell

16 Better Living Through Viruses o d t, t t h pod m d

by ark Abel

18 Crouching Scientist,Hidden SalamanderR ght am , o g o t tby Janet ang

DEPARTMENTS

54 Berkeley GroksSpreading science news by any meansnecessary

55 Who knew?Our new column looks at which wayyour toilet really ushes, and why

P o l i C y

35 Shot DownDo t matt m d a t oby liane Trepagnier

u N i Ve r s i t y

45 Regenerative Medicine p op ha ot d o t m a

No hat?by achel hreter

P r o f i l e

51 Ignacio Chapela A o at o th Ca mo t

out po m o og tby heryl ackworth

20 Dr. Atomic

op a that o o t ou u a h to by elissa abros

21 Hungry Like the Wolf Ho Y o to o ma mat ha gmo a aby Loraine Lundquist


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LABSCOPES

Sha p t Imag

Th o a d ma h o omput p d d th -

h g z o a omput h p a u d g o tht a to . Sma t a to m a mo a t o a h p -

a g th p o ma . o do oo o- ou d o I t amou p d t d th um o t a to om-

put p o o ou d dou mo th . d th hato toda a m o t a to p p o o du a g to mp o m t ma u a tu g t h o og . Toda t a toa mad u g a t h qu a d photo thog aph . u h ma g a photog aph p t th a a g photo thog aph u ght to p t t a to o a omput h p. m mum

z a t a to a mad m t d th a gth o ghtu d a a o a th d a t o m t. at g th d a -

t o m t ha a ho g a o g oo p -d t o a d o t m that a h m ha -a g g d pa tm t ha do ju t that. a g ha g a d

h o agu u d a th a o a a to ma xt m ma tha th a gth o th ght ou th u d.

a po au ght t g th u a ata gho t mag ju t t to hu d d o a om t o d th

. o t o a opt th gho t mag p odu d th up o ta a o th p o o th o g ao j t. Ta g ad a tag o th ph om o m a g tt g th

up a o to o tou h g th omput h p. h th m ght ot too g o a ha g o h p ma u-

a tu do t xp t to d up a ta t m oo . Charlie EmrichWant to know more?Check out SubDifraction-Limited Optical Imaging with a SilverSuperlens: Fang, N. et al, Science 308 , pp. 53453 (2005).

I M A G E C O U R T E S

Y O F C H E N G

S U N

M x d g at a ago, Ha p ma a d a No P

d o that a u t o o t m d ga z g a a m o to o m a o t uth , a h at UC B , ud g po td

B m th a d P o o R ha d Ha a d, d oa d ogg , h h po o o ga z

a a o t am j t d ogg to th at m o a d, a a t pat d, a a o t u t

th a o ma o m d, o m g th og a g a o d opm t Do th m a th

o t o m thout ogg ? u p g , th xp mg th p ot ogg ho d tt t o m o

m tth og m o t d op d a oam xp m t th oth p ot a o o to o d opm t: x , ho d , o tat , a d

t m th got th am u t: o g o p ot ho a o o mat o U d t d, th Ha a d g omad a a th ough o d g a p ota d d o d a t g u t Pu h d th

u o evelopmental ell , Mu ta a Kho ha, po tdo to ao at UC B , ho d that mu ta ou o a

p ot , ho d , ogg , a d o tat Xenopus tropicalis oto h t a o o mat o , ut g at xpamat o Kho ha xp a , d g ou a

mpo ta t t p that ou a tua ha mu t p p otam a t t th Ju t a o o th m a ,omp at R du da t g a g to th t

th a that a th ha o uthat, d d, ou a gotta ha p to ma t rayrana Khadye Want to know more?Depletion o Three BMP Antagonists rom Spemanns Organi er Leads to aCatastrophic Loss o Dorsal Structures: Khokha, M. K. et al, Developmental Cell 8, pp. 401411 (2005).

2 m

2 m



LABSCOPES

IMAGESCOURTESY

OFKEVINPADIAN

a a ou ha ght g , h t o a ou d o ju t t o?

pod thu a t a a g th qu t o au , a o topu a a A o d g to Ch t Hu a d,

tud t t g at o og ho t o d d o too omot o a o g th B p o o Bo FuBo a at do a U ta am Ratu a g , potto ma oo d u h u u toma ha o Hd aptu d a g ootag o t o d pOctopusmarginatus do a a dOctopus (Abdopus) aculeatus Aut a a a a z d d o o d g o p d a d a d ou d that o topu o omot o th a ta

d d a good om ha a a g O.aculeatus po t x o t u g up a d a d, aa m a to a u a um g a ga , a t a d o t oth t o g a oth d o,O. marginatus ma

a p da g ta a th t x ma g g appath t h ad a ou d, o ma m t o th

that d o at t o to ho u d at ha tat th a o topu ha a d a a o pt apap ou thought lizabeth ead Want to know more?Check out videos o octopuses walking: ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~chufard

Ju a Pu

Bagg pa t a d p d to gu ju t t du g th Ju

a Out a d h a atom a mo th t a g ot g out ou a m ght ha th h p a to d t

m m o ou A g oup o pa a o to og t d UCB p o o K Pad a ha pu h d a tud ugg t gthat xt m t u d o g o h gh hoo a t a ,a d ma ha h t go au u had a dou o o p atdo th a a d a p ad ta a t, p og t oma th o u t o o tho d t t o outg o th

a h d th ough p at o a t go au pa d ou d that th p at a d p a zat o a o thmo gu at o Fo h at t a , a g t o o ood ou d d d to mo ood th ough th p at Add t o a ,oth d o au o m a z m d to u thout a o atapp dag o t mp atu o t o a o j t d da d xua d p a u t o a th p at a d p a ot o d

ough to p ot t th atu , a d a ot d t ough t ma a d ma to u d xua d p a t ad, th

a h ho o m o u t o , ugg t g that, pt da t , t go au t to g at pa ju t to oo good

elphine armer Want to know more?Visit the Padian lab at:www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/people/padian/webintro.html

1 mm

0.5 m


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CURRENTsup bug !New bacteria on the block

Y ou a a g th a t aMo t, happ , a m d g tho u You gut hom toood o . coli that h p d g t ood,

h ou a d o a to ho ttapholococcus aureus taph ouu o tu at ough to g tth o ma ha m

ug a ut, ap ,o ju t om p a th

hou d t , ou dup th a t o a da do to p pt o oa t ot

No ma , that a tta to g t d o a taph

t o , ut oo a ta t ot am d p d, th ,

a t a ta t d o g a a ou d th m B th

, t a o . aureus ta t to m th (a

ommo a t ot o thda ) ga app a g ho p ta O th pa t

d ad , th m th ta t. aureus (MR A) t a g moommo a d tha ho p ta , ga g

th a t to f t d ad p umo aa d th d ad d f h at gd a o ma h a th p op oma matt o , toda MR A

a g ta t to th apo ou a t ot a a A d

t p ad a t At t, MR A a ou d ma ho p ta , h pat t

a d mmu t m a da u da t a t ot u om d

to at a p t o t m o thug to p ad a t, MR A oth ad g au o t o Uho p ta , o p t o m thod ha

d op d a um g ho p ta ath ou

But G o g a augh, a p o o th UC B hoo o Pu

H a th, a d h g aduat tud t B hD p, ha a d xa t th oppo tt d MR A d am

R t po t o MR A t o o g oup u h a

h a th ou g p op ugg t d toa augh that MR A a a d

th g th g a ommu t a dthat t g o g a t a a pu th at

o tud th popu at o d am o ommu t a qu d a d o o om a

(ho p ta ) a qu d MR A t a ,d to a CA MR A a d NA

MR A, a augh a d h t amo u d o amp o t d om

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o t a t d MR A d o out da ho p ta ha d to do m thodd op d th C t o D aCo t o a d P t o (CDC) a du d mo t MR A t gato

ma o ho t at d pat t a ho p ta z d

a augh d that p d m o ogha a t t u h a th gth

o a pat t ho p ta ta do oto t d t gu h t th

t o g oup o ug Fo xamp ,

a though mo t pat t d t mto ha ommu t a qu d MR t ho p ta z d, t

a o o that th t d h th ho p ta

ho a H V po t , j t ou , o ha oth o d t o

ad to qu t ho p ta ta tua ha CA MR A tB o oo g th po

a augh a t d that u d t mat th p a MR A t o a d u d mh a th o t to o t o t

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tud d th DNA o a h o th that had t d d duau d th ta da d t h qu o

Drug-resistantStaphylococcus, likethose shown here inelectron micrographs,are in ecting otherwisehealthy people andde ying researcherse pectations



BRiEFSd g t opho a d mu t o u

qu t p g to ha a t z tho at at oa a d a ,

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a a o MR A o d d th a o d a ommu t a qu d MR A t o ,ut o ha g ho p ta a qu da oth o d , mo a d mo

h a th p op g tt g omMR A t m that a augh a o t h h p d t d that

p t o o t ha u d t mat dommu t a qu d taph

t am a o ou d that th CA MR A t o o h m g au d

o ou t a , a d that a ha d th t p V CCm t o

g , h h g th taph m thta

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t o d , t g o a g pat t Ju t t o a at ,

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a : o t mat d to au% o a th CA MR A t o a F a o A d o t a to th

t ad t o a p tu o MR A d am ,: app a d ho p ta o a t

t a to h g p ad th ough thommu tHo d d th up ug p ad

o a a d o a t? L th othCA MR A t a , t a gthat ma t ta t to m thBut a D p ot , : pa mo apo , ud g th ou

p tox , h h a au d adp umo a A d t a

ou d to a mu t d ug h h a ma t a mpot atHuma ha ma ag d to ta a

th o d u g ou ma tout t ou atta B tth g that ma MR A o a ta d tud g ho th o a d

p ad, a augh a d h t amhop to a ough a out th

up ug o a top th m th top u

K ren M rc s is a physician-in-training and musician.Want to know more?Check out: Community-Adapted

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcusaureus (MRSA): Population Dunamicso an E panding Community Reservoiro MRSA: Carleton, Diep, et al, Journal of Infectious Diseases . 9 , pp. ( ).and accompanying paper in Journal of Infectious Diseases 9 , pp. ( ).


10/2410 berkeley science review

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ou d a at d mp th a t tu out that ao th o a u a , at d

th aga o th ath ,ma p opagat doth ough thou a d o to o a a a d toth Ea th u t to ata a g ou d m at o , m a u aa o th p a t, thatp t th othqu t t a t

a thqua p o th

a g ou d at o , h hmo og t a Ea th hum , a

t ot d du g th , h

up o du t g g a m t t um t that m a u g a tat o aa at o ha g au d th g ou d ha g a

oph t at d ough to o d u to g t m at o t u

to th ou am h P o oo h o a moto o UC a ta

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o a a , a d ot d that tht t o th hum h t d th tha o H ou d that th hum a

a out % t o g du g th t :D m to F ua th No thH m ph , a d Ju to Augu t th outh H m ph

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t t a au th p a t to at ,

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a t th t t ha d d Foxamp , mom t a a ou dt d t t th ho o a t t

do a a thqua ma mo tha t th a tua a thqua hado u d

But mo og t had o d that Ea th hum d tt qu t, a d t ta at oa o h a d h th d o a thqua ha a d, d at g thatt ou om ho d t om

t ad t o a m ou th Ea th hum a t d t t d,

mo og t ha t g tou d ta d h th at oa om g om a d ho th ag at d

UC B P o o Ba a aRoma o z a d h tud t JuRh ha d t a dth t o th qu t o U g

mom t a a Ca o a, Japa , a d Eu op , th ho d,

a pt m pap th jou a ature, that th ou o th

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a a o th d p o aag a t a

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From Noise to Signal The Earth Hum


11/24berkeley science review 11

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t a t th th o a foo to atmu t p o o m a No d to p o t, a Roma o z

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Jennie R se is a reelance writer in an rancisco.

Want to know more (and listen to theEarth hum)?seismo.berkeley.edu/~barbara/hum.html



CURRENT

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Using DNA to catalog the worldsdiversity

M k of th B t



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tud t a d po tdo , th a o oth ho t om g om do toa mp a t A d am p o

p at o a t mod d ap o du a g d a a od g

B o og t ho aut o aga ta od g do ot o j t to u g

g to d t p But th a gu that au o ut o

ot u o m a o th t o ,o og t mu t t u d ta d

g oup o o ga m O th a

th d t m th t ha a t to p d t at o K p g W , a ta t P o o o tB o og a d a o at d too B E g Mu um o E tomo og , mpha z th d o

t g at taxo om , a app oa hthat mp o mo t ad t o a m a ,

add t o to DNA, to at go zo ga m A o d g to W , t

a t t mat a d taxo omtud , [that] th t too to d t mpo ta t o og a u t a

u d m ght DNA t m ght [th m to ho d a g ]

CO A t h o og a , M h ,

W a d oth a t to th mmp o d th th am o o

t g at t h o og , ot out d o t a hug d to d

od t , a W H athat taxo om ot a ot ta that

a mp automat d t quhuma a to gu t out A d hat th a t a ho t ut[that]

m to o g a ot o mpo ta to mat o o th a

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a od g, o u g t ad o thatt t o a d u d g th d a gto o t g a d ata og g o d

od t Ca a t? Do

ha om th g mo a t , ttght o ? a Da d V t ,

a po tdo to a a h th Wa a t g at B o og V t a h ag u th th

t m o DNA a od g Buth g to a pt a d mp oa mp t t m W ha tot to ma t tt hatdata a that u t ju t put a oto a u

P o o o , th B o ut o a o og ommu t

ha at th t o tha od g d at A M h

po t out, th pa t auB t o g a o thoa d t mat , a a t that

ha a ot to do th th u t

o t o o t o g atu a h to mu um th Mu um o V t at Zoo og , th U t a d J p o H a a, a d th E gMu um t o t o th that th u t o o t g

xp d t o a o th g o ad po t d, a d h o og t

a g to d th atu o o ut o a h to R ga d o

th ta o a od g, o og ta ag that a o ut o to th

o og a d t mu t g o t o tho hou d h

A n in Gill is a erkeley graduate and lab manager o the Kipling Will lab, in the epartment o nvironmental cience, olicy,and anagement.

Want to know more?Visit Berkeleys Natural History Museums on

the web: bnhm.berkeley.edu

THE PROCESS OF DNABARCODING



CURRENT

Two bacteria-in ecting viruses,known to a small circle o microbiologists as and IKe,each consist o a short loop o single-stranded DNA enclosed in a

e ible protein capsule. With littleelse to their daily lives apart romreplicating their genetic packets,these bacteriophages lie on themurky boundary o what can beconsidered a living organism. Yet,over the course o some ingeniousarti cial selection e periments,postdoctoral researcher Joel Sachso the Department o IntegrativeBiology and his collaboratorJames Bull at the University o Te as have induced these eistybacteriophages not merely tocoe ist but to cooperate within thesame bacterial cell.

Although Darwin taught usthat organisms are inherentlysel sh, cooperation amongorganisms is the oundation o biological diversity. That lichen

you see encrusting a chunk o salt-and-pepper granite on the JohnMuir trail is actually a symbioticpairing between algae, whichconverts sunlight to sustenance,and a ungus, which guards the

algae rom desiccation in themountain air. And, o course,millions o years ago an ancestraleukaryote (a group in whichhumans and all animals aremembers) swallowed up anothersingle-celled organismwhichhas become our mitochondria,responsible or energy conversionat the cellular level. Trillions o these mitochondria reside insideevery humanalong with thebillions o one-celled organismswhich peace ully inhabit our gutand assist in digestion. In such asel sh world, how have these typeso mutualisms maintained stabilityover evolutionary time? This isprecisely the question Dr. Sachs set

orth to address in his study o thehumble bacteriophages and IKe.

Sachs spent the early parto his graduate research careerstudying cooperation in nestingbirds and photosynthesi ing jelly sh, but he was drawn to thesimplicity o using bacteriophages

to delve deeper into the mysterieso cooperation. Bacteriophagesmake their living by in ectingbacterial cells and hijacking thecells resources in order to replicatetheir own genetic matter. Normally,

the two phages Sachs studies havedi culty surviving i they in ectthe same bacterial cell because thetwo compete or the same cellularmachinery and must endure areduced rate o replication than i they were each the sole inhabitant.

In his most recent study, Sachsdesigned a method to select orbacteriophages that, instead o competing or cellular machinery,could actually cooperate withone another. The rst step in hiselegant plan was to engineer thesecompeting phages to each carrya diferent antibiotic resistancegene. He then raised the bacterialhosts on plates that were coatedwith both types o antibioticsso that only coin ected bacterialcells could survive. The coin ectedbacterial cells were evidenceo bacteriophage cooperation.At the start o the e periment,as e pected, the two phagesper ormed rather poorly, but a ter

ty cycles o rein ectionduring

which time the phages were slowlyevolvingnot only were they ableto improve their own reproductiverate, but they e ceeded thereproductive output o theirsolitary ancestors.


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CURRENT

RIGHT: The process o turning MS2into a lean, mean, drug-deliveringmachine

IMAGECOURTESYOFTHEFRANCIS

GROUP,UCB

B tt LivingT ough Vi uChicken Soup or the Cell

D ug du d d t a ta go Pa att t o to th p mt m omm a o ha ahou a d ou h a a out mo d

t tha o ut o p o m ot a th d ug mo u ,

ut th a th a t odu d toth od o u at o Matt F a ,a ta t p o o o h m t atB , ha g p a a out ho toma o u at o go mo mooth a d app g th d a to po ua t a d ug

Mo t d ug a th ta o a o j t d E th a , th d ugmo u t th ood t am,food g th pat t od a d t g t u d ug apot t a t a t th t p o t u , h p g o po t o o th od h hu t g a oth a o

p t ( g o a ) th o go th d p d d ood ou t,

ta t , au a, a d ha o thath moth ap pat t du

d ug ou d o t at d th po t o o th od

th tumo th d t ou d tua d app a Do

ou d d aut ad o th o g d ug at

o ga th od tht atm t ou d ta t a ,

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d a to u ua a a o d, atta h g d uga d oth mo u to th

u a a thp o m to o om th thapp oa h, xp a g aduat

tud t E t Ko a t a tua atta h g a d ug o a othmo u to th u o d that o th d ug to u u th upa t ha to d a tumo , a d thth d p o m that th u ha to

u th pat t mmu po

o g ough to d t pa oad F a a ha o g toatta h o g mo u to th u ao a u a d a t ophag M Wh th o pa t u a ? a

a a o , a Ko a Amo gth , t o ta t u tup o d x t gu da o ou

t h m a mod at o A u a om at o o a ap d

(a h mad mo t o p ot ) a d ag om (DNA o RNA o d d )Cap d a t p a mad o hu d do p ot mo u , a h o h h

a om at o o am o a d , o o d ad a a g d o a t g

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h m a , o d g to a o gmo u F a , Ko a , a d tho o ha p t g th

h m t that a th m to th a g om , th atta h amo u th d to tho out u a o th ap d f x t a th p a md ug o th d , a d amoufaaga t th mmu t m o th

out dKo a o t a h g th to ta g t tumo H po t to a m o h o d u d a g a

a t hood oda , h oth z g u that ha

ou d to th xt o aut p o a ha a g

um o o a d ptou a ma mo tha h a to ma Ba t ophag M

p ot t ap d (th h m t , h g ), h

ad to a hug o t at o o da g u tumo

F a a d h tud t a hat d ug th h to a a

ap d, th u d ta d ho to math u ta g t a , ath th a o ha a a to g t apat t mmu t m to g u

E though a t ophag M

ha m to huma t oou th mmu t m d t o t Po ( th g



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t d o at , ma g t a d a th oughout th od a d,mo t mpo ta t , ou mmu t m

a t ma a t od o PEG m a that, u th u that aud a , ou od ga

mmu t to a PEG oat d uo th gam p a : d d ug ,o a d, a d PEG to th out d

o a t ophag M 2, t t out oa tumo , a d a go , go to

th FDA o app o a h mou d a th o m o o a pat t , a d du th

m a d t that om thh moth ap

M rk Abel is a graduate student inchemistry.Wan kn w m ?

Check out the Francis lab on the web:www.cchem.berkeley.edu/ rancisgrp

This virus is thesyringe that, a termodi cation, willstealthily deliver drugsto targeted tissues.


18/24

o m p o o , Ro a d A B a doo outh o U t Ca o da , ho tu d t to thatt t o o Da d B Wa , p o o

m tu o t g at o og a dCu ato o Amph a at UC BMu um o V t at Zoo og

a ama d a a d tom a o A a a ama d

a d a d t d a a p thodo t d,o u g a ama d Ba d o thmo pho og a a d mo u a data, t a p a d a g u Karsenia,

am d o t o g a d o , Ka ommo am Ko a

a ama d , o do o g o g Ko a

Wa , o to om aComma d a ama d , a d ho agu pu h d th d o ature a t Ma xp a that th

A a d o a t a a to h gau % o u g a ama d

a ou d th Am a P o to thd o o K. koreana, th o p aout d o th Am a that u g

L g a g a o g ddu t a at a a u t, a a ama d a t to ha t

ta outa ma ut mpo ta t

t p ma g h p to og a h to a ama d Karsenia koreana,a d t t d o a to o

u p , pa adox , a d ghtto th h to o a ama d

to ga Ap t o aago a o , o t d ha tat th t o Ja gta a , Da j o ,Chu g h o g am do, Ko a, h

t ph Ka , a h gh hoo o og t a h om o ho t a h at th

a jo Ch t a t at o a hoo Ko a, am a o a u u ua

a ama d th mom t p d t up that t had to at a ta o d o outh Ko a opo omp t , h ou t

Ka , u a to d t tha ama d , app oa h d amph ap a t M M o ou

Nat o a U t , Y Ya g o ha U t h o , a d a

a ama d ou d a th t M d t a a

But a u p at th d o a , h d ght ad g

to th t a a umpt oW hou d ha xp t d to dp thodo t d a ama d A aa tua qu t og a , a o Wa a t that th p

ou d oth th Am a a d thM d t a a t o g ugg tth a a o t uou popu at o

om po t th pa t aha tat d mod at o to h poth o p thodo t d h to

og og aph A oth a o th d o

u xp t d a au th amphpopu at o o Ko a a thought to

u ata ogu d R a hot xp t to d o a p

a a ma u h a m g u d tood o t m

Ho d dK. koreana ap ot o o g u h a am a

Da d V t , a po t do to a th Wa a a d a o autho o

th ature tud , att ut th toth a t that th p thodo t d at t a A a a d Eu oth a u d ta da a

xp o g aquat ha tat aumo t a ama d at , adu t a ot aquat at ath Ko a a h a h

aquat ha tat , [ h h ] oth a o h th a ama do oo d, xp a V t

No that a h o h

oo , th a d g thatK. koreana a tua ommo Fo oh g oup t a pu at o , t a d to outh Ko a th t o goa

m d: to o t mo p ma d t u amp a d to gu ou h th th a mo p thodo t

a ama d u ou d g gH p t da th d hu t

o th a ama d th oughout a jo

The Korean crevice salamanders only known relatives are in Italy and the Americas,

raising the question: how did it get to Korea?

P H O T O :

D A

V I D

V I E I T E S

The Korean salamander that shouldnt be there or should it?C ouching sci nti t, Hidd n s l m nd

1 berkeley science review

CURRENT


19/24

a ama d th Am a , thM d t a a , a d o Ko a Wh ot oth pa t o A a? Ch a

o mou , hug a u ,

ma d mo Wh ot? Wdo t o , ut th t o th t tog t a hot Ch a t u

La t Ma a o Wa g oupd o d p o a ama d

o p a to thg a, ud gKarsenia

, th app ox mat , p o amph a a d,

at a t ou t, th a ,p o amph a , a o d g to

Amph aW (amph a o g) p a good

o d g that o d damph a popu at o a d

o a o g th th pa adox o ga p d ta u p , th t A a p tat o thp thodo t d am p t

a t a th t o Ka t ad o , a d gh o g a a ; th

d, h o pa d o , a d h po t dthat K. koreana at p o

A o d g to V t , th a ama da a ou d at a tth at o a pa a o tu at

um ta o a h t t d tud g th p

V t ou d a ou d p ma d o t d a ou d t u amp

om ta t p Ba d o th data h aa to t mat that th a ama dha a d t ut d a g o

m B au a o th p m mo pho og a m a , V t

u p t th ju t o p aththa a hug ad at o o p thodo t d

a ama d Ko a, a th a th Am a

Loo g o a d to utu d go p thodo t d a ama d A a, V t tat , W ha p thodo t d

Want to know more?Check out Discovery o the rst Asianplethodontid salamander: Min, MS et al, Nature 435: 8 - 0 (2005).Lungless salamanders on AmphibiaWeb :gpx.cs.berkeley.edu/aw/lists/Plethodontidae.shtml

a oth om pa adox: a o d Wa , at a t m h amph ad g, a d g p

J ne F n received a A inntegrative iology and nglish erkeley.

R e a c h n e w h e i g h t s w i t h BSR Are you ascinated by the world o science? Do you want to write about scientifc discoveries happening at Berkeley? Ten join the Berkeley Science Review! Were a graduate student publication created by

students who are passionate about the research happening at

our university. Were always looking or new editors, writers,photographers and layout designers. Could that be you? Visit us online to fnd out what were all about!

sciencereview.berkeley.edu

berkeley science review 1

BRiEFS


20/24

CURRENT

O hu d d a a t E tm a u ou a o , a d a a t th atom om g

o H o h ma a d Naga a , tha F a o Op a ho t th

o d p m o Do to Atomt th N M x o d t,

th at t o a o at o tompo Joh Adam a d d to

P t a xp o th hou ad gup to th t atom om xp o oat th A amago do t t t

t Ju o W t g tha t, J Ro t Opp h m , ad

o th Ma hatta P oj t quot dom th Bhaga ad G ta: o am om d ath, th d t o o o d E o d a a Am aFau ta ta o du tpo Do to Atom h gh ght th

t a d mo a u ou d gth o d t u a om

da o th atom ag aot ju t o ph t a d h to a

Wo ga g W a h , d amatu go Do to Atom , omm t that

oth ommu t : th B a d th op a ommu t a a a

ot om th o d u xpMa P d tt , a g aduat tud t

t u to t a a d d a g a tom th Co o t um o th A t &

A t R a h C t to d opth ou Nu a m : H to a d R p tat o , ot that

Mo t tud t d d, p o a mo t Am a do t a haa good u d ta d g o hat a at

ta th [H o h ma a d Naga a ]om g ha d ta d

th m om th u p a a ho oo hat a u a atta a tua doDo Am a ha a po t to u u d ta d th ho o o th

u a atta o H o h ma a dNaga a ? a a p o da o m oppo tu t to f t o

u h qu t o a d a o to o dth o t u d d opm t a d

Docto atomic... or how we learned to stopworrying and love our nuclearheritage

ma t a o ou o u a a t o Do to Atom d a

p at o om u p t o a F atu d ha a t ud

Opp h m a d h , K tt ;, ath o th h d og om

G a L G o , th U Aomma d o th Ma hatta p ojP d tt add that th op a a o d

ampu a oppo tu t to gag oad xp o at o o th atom

u a apo , a d th ga oom o Am a u tu a d th

Adam a d a m th t a d u tu a h to

th Ma hatta P oj t o th m ato Do to Atom tto a da a p u g om ou a g

o d a a po t a d og aphto t h a ma ua o u aph , d a d m ta Opp h m p o a tt h h a u t a h d Ba o t L a K o p math d to o Lo A amo Nat oLa o ato a d ad o th Map oj t, Opp h m a a UC Bph p o o a h

P H O T O B

Y C H R I S L E E / C O U R T E S Y O F S F O P E R A

Gerald Finley (as J. Rober t Oppenheimer) paces beneath Doctor Atomic s ominous centerpiece, anenormous, suspended atomic bomb.

Te universe is made of stories,not of atoms.

Muriel Rukeyser

PeterSellars(director),JohnAdams

(composer),and PamelaRosenberg(generaldirector)



21/24

Hung y Lik th Wolf Predator reintroduction inYellowstone may so ten the impact

o climate change.

A th u o th o dg a p a o Lama Va Y o to Nat o a Pa , D C W m ta d atop a ma h

o d a h o th h t og ao H gh a o h h ad h ho

a ad o a t a, t a g to g t ao h ta g tth D u d o path a g t g oup th pa th

a ma Wh h d th m, t a th m th po u pott

op , hop g to at h a o P hap h t a

th th pa o g t at g ao at a a ma om th h d

t g tog th a a u t O atta a a g, t o mo mog p a oth a g a d a o t

ou th u g o th t ju t a oth da th a

o W m But t a tot ha ta p a o

h g a o t oduto Y o to o th t t m th a t o th pa a hot

th A o d g to d g o W m a d o a

B Co g o Natu a th tu d p dato ma a t Y o to d t tha a

o tud , puLo iology , ho that o

berkeley science review 21

BRiEFSo th U a d p hap mo

o o tho o u at B hoha h t d th t ga

G Opph h m t uat UC B , th ampu ho t g t o ju t o thth Do to Atom p m a d

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a a o th om g o H o h ma a dNaga a Pa F m A h

p t g a t t d Do to Atom Go Nu a , atu g madd g top o u a a a d

u tu , ud g B jou a mp o o Jo E m Da A t t : J Ro t Opp h ma d th Atom Bom E a odo um t g th d opm t a dp odu t o o Do to Atom o m

add t o , UC BCo o t um o th A t & A tR a h C t po o g po t

ad g , pa , tu , add gth atom om at o a d t

aught ga Co o t um ha a oo d u u um d opm t g a tto t u to a d a u t to d op

ou o th Fa a d p g m t that xp o u

at d to th atom ag th ough th ua , p o m g, a d t a a t

tag t o th a a go pu u d ta d g o ouatom h tag Do to Atom a dth t a d p oj t po o d

th Co o t um o th A t ho dth p om to t odu a g at o to th g a o ou

u a pa t, p t, a d utu

Meliss F br s is a graduate

student in nglish.Wan kn w m ?

Check out: doctor-atomic.comConsortium or the Arts at UC Berkeley:bamp a.berkeley.edu/bca The E ploratoriums website:www.e ploratorium.edu/doctoratomic

a mo t g ha d d p op d thB ph d pa tm t to

om g a po hou th o t aph d d, th a th o

o at g a atom apo ad op d, ot at Lo A amo , ut

UC B L Co t Ha

o qu o th d o ampo ta t to o t mp at a t z

Consortium of the Arts series: The Arts & The Atomic Bomb

September 26Science and the Soul: Robert Oppenheimerand Doctor Atomic John Adams and Peter Sellars inConversation

September 29On Nuclear TimeA Lecture by Julia Bryan-Wilson

October 10The Aesthetics of the Bomb and the Aestheticsof Doctor Atomic A Colloquium andRoundtable Discussion4 pm, 370 Dwinelle Hall

October 15Ghosting Atoms, a reading of New Poetry3 pm, Berkeley Art Museum Theater

Consortium of the ArtsSponsored Courses

Fall 2005Film R1A, Section 2Film and Visual Culture in the Atomic AgeInstructors : Erica Levin and Tung-Hui Hu

Rhetoric R1B, Section 4Nuclear Time: History and RepresentationInstructor : Mark Pedretti

Comparative Literature R 1A, Section 3Literature and Gravity Instructor : Paul Haacke

Spring 2006American Sudies 101 American Apocalypse: The Atomic Age &Nuclear CriticismInstructor: Christine Palmer


22/24

CURRENT

Wolvesat an elk kill arepesteredby ravens.

LEFT: One o Wilmers gray wolves, wearing a radio collar, guards acarcass. RIGHT: Bears o ten scavenge wol kills.

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mpo ta t o o a a a go m ta t A W m

put t, o t m th ta tp dato a mo t to

ha g

L r ine L n is is a graduate student in astrophysics .Wan kn w m ?

Check out Gray wolves as climate changebufers in Yellowstone. Wilmers C, and Get W.,PloS Biol. Apr;( ) :e ( ).

I you dont sleep in seminars,youre not working hard enough.

Dudley Herschbach o Harvard Universityciting Pimentels Theory during a seminar,

September , .

I think one o the great projectso the ne t decade will beunderstanding the molecularbiology o ree will.

Gerry Rubin o UCB speaking at Science othe st Century: Symposium to Honor CharlesV. Shank May , , a ter showing a videtwo ies ghting over a eeding spot.

Who knows, a ter the last realitshow dies a horrible, pain uldeath, who knows maybe thene t vogue in television will bescience.

Dan Mogulo , ormer TV producer andcurrent E ecutive Director o Public Afairs orUCB, during IB , October ,

I you studied all o the people inthis room as a group, you would

nd that the average person hasone testicle and one ovary.

Steven Chu, Director o LBL, speaking onOctober , : Bio-molecular Machinery asSeen Through Single Molecule Methods.


24/24

A search for the secretenergy thats pushing the

cosmos apart

G RAV Y A RELEN LE FORCE t ou hou a da ,

, t p ou t m p a t d o th g ou d, d g a do to Ea th

go up O a mo t th g But tho a mom t h ma ma ag

ut h o Ea th g a t th a o t, t do t qu h t ho d a

o th a t a th h

by Roger OBrient

Dark Side of the Universe

Artists rendition o a Type Ia super

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Berkeley Science Review - Fall 2005

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