Best Practice ManualSleipner CO2 Storage Project
Salt Lake City, 17-18 February 2010
Bert van der Meer, Senior Reservoir Engineer
Outline
• Introduction• Sleipner CO storage• Sleipner CO2 storage• Misperception 1 - Rumors• Sleipner modelling• Misperception 2 Overestimations• Misperception 2 - Overestimations• Questions
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Introduction
• Best Practice Manuel, SACS – Sam Holloway • Best Practice for Aquifers, SACS, CO2STORE – Andy Chadwick
• Sleipner first CO2 sequestration project• Environmental purposes• Knowledge sharing and building on experiences• Knowledge sharing and building on experiences• Aim of manual:
• describe what is done• why it is donewhy it is done• what is learnt• what went well• gaps in knowledge and/or datag p g
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Introduction
• Earth’s subsurface is an extremely variable natural system
• Some issues and highlighted could be site specific
• Not a set of standard procedures• Not a set of standard procedures
• 44 Profesionals involved
• 9 organizations
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Sleipner CO2 Storage
• Sleipner fields 250 km from the west coast of Norway• Statoil is operator• Statoil is operator• Licence partners are: ExxonMobil, TotalFinaElf, Statoil• 202 GSm3 rich gas• CO content varies 4 to 9 5 %• CO2 content varies 4 to 9.5 %• Reduction below 2.5 % (pipe line quality), ~ 1Mt/y CO2
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Sleipner CO2 Storage• Storage in Utsira formation• Very large – 26.000 km2
• Aquifer top 800 mSS ~ 250 thick• Aquifer - top 800 mSS ~ 250 thick• One 7” injector near horizontal• Injection from end 1996 until today some 12Mt of CO2
Sleipner A
Sleipner T0
Sleipner A
Sleipner T0
Utsir aFor mation
CO 2
CO 2 Injection Well1000m
500m
Utsir aFor mation
CO 2
CO 2 Injection Well1000m
500m
Sleipner ØstProduction and Injection Wells
2000m
1500m
0
Sleipner ØstProduction and Injection Wells
2000m
1500m
0
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2500m
1000m
0 500m
1500m
Heimdal Formation2500m
1000m
0 500m
1500m
Misperception 1- Rumors
• The Sleipner project shows that much less CO2 is stored radially than what seismic reflection data show (Bickle et al 2007) Theythan what seismic reflection data show (Bickle et al., 2007). They have seen significant leakage to overlying layers.
Michel J. Economides, Journal of Petroleum Science andEngineering 70 (20110) 123-130Engineering 70 (20110) 123 130.
C d ?Can we spread rumors?
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Sleipner modelling• High permeable sand body (~250 m thick) with intersand shale layers (1 m thick, only from
log’s)• On top 10 m thick shale (good marker)• Sand wedge
Nordland Group (very thick)• Nordland Group (very thick) • Utsira formation only logs
Nordland shale
Sand wedge
n
Utsira SandCO2
sira
form
atio
n
Injection point
Uts
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j
Sleipner Modelling Procedure
1 Location and processes (Process)size fluids interaction PVT reservoir conditionssize, fluids, interaction, PVT, reservoir conditions
2 Type Simulator (Tool)type, assumptions, approximations, limitations
3 Data3 Datadescription, measured, accuracy, reliability
4 Question
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Sleipner Modelling
• Process• Gas/water infinite aquifer high permeable CO2 sensitiveGas/water, infinite aquifer, high permeable, CO2 sensitive
to P, T., CO2 solubility• Simulator
• Multiphase flow simulatorsp• Black\oil approach• Compositional
• Data• Utsira basin scale, limited water, temp., no reservoir
pressures, wellhead daily P, T, Q, 4D seismics => 1999 CO2 at top
Q ti• Question• CO2 bubble development?
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Sleipner Modelling
• SINTEF• Intersand layers randomly holes black oil approach• Intersand layers, randomly holes, black oil approach
oil=water, CO2 = gas, solubility=Rs (ECLIPSE)• TNO
• Continues intersand shale layers = transmissibility• Continues intersand shale layers = transmissibility, Gas\water, CO2 PREOS, T gradient (SIMED)
Many others• Many others
C l i• Conclusion:• Simulators are suitable? (adequate, solubility not validated)
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Sleipner Modelling Parameter to Match
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Misperception 2, Overestimation
• Is this realistic? – (20 to 60 Gt)
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Question to modellers
• Do we have the responsibility to come up with realistic estimationsestimations.
• What (type) data do we need?
• Are available simulators capable of predicting performance? (short and long term, not validated solubility)
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