BHAGVAT GITA

¿-1À---Jhe˜xon~xhrk

JhÑ”.kkuas ;q)kjaHkhp vtqZukl xhrk lakfxryhgh ijaijkxr dFkk {k.kHkj cktwl Bsowu

egkHkkjr gsa ,d vk”kZ egkdkO; vkgasv’kk cq)husa tjh fopkj dsyk rjh xhrkegkHkkjrakr lakx.îkkl th LFky-;kstuk dsyh vkgs] rhp xhrspas egRoyksdakP;k y{kakr ;s.îkkl dkO;–”Vîkkfg ;ksXîk vkgsvlas ;ko:u fnlwu ;sras-

xhrk egkHkkjrkP;k e/;Hkkxha loZHkkjrkoj izdk’k nsr map nhikizek.kasmHkh vkgs- ,dhdMs lgk ios± vkf.k nqljhdMsckjk ios± v’kk e/;Hkkxha rlsp ,dhdMs lkrv{kkSfg.kh lSU; vkf.k nqljhdMs vdjk v{kkSfg.kh

lSU; v’kkfg e/;Hkkxha xhrk minsf’kyhxsyh vkgs-

27/09/2015 APPA THOMBRE

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Lor% vfyIr jkgwu O;klakuh ;k fojkVlalkjkpas Nk;k-izdk’ke; fp= js[kkVysa vkgas-

O;klakuh ,o<s egkHkkjr fyfgysa i.k O;klakukLor%psa vlas dakgha lakxk;pas gksras dak\ R;akpkfof’k”B lans’k R;akuh dksBsa lakfxryk vkgs\ dks.kR;kfBdk.kha O;klakph lek/kh ykxyh vkgs\ egkHkkjrakrfBdfBdk.kha rÙoKkuakps vkf.k mins’kakps foLr`r izakrfnlr vkgsr i.k ;k loZ rÙoKkuakpsa] mins’kakpsa

vkf.k ,danj egkHkkjr xzaFkkpsa LkkjHkwrjgL; R;akuh dksBsa eakMyas vkgsa dak\

;kpsa mÙkj vlsa dha] lexz egkHkkjrkpsauouhr O;klakuh Jhe˜xon~xhrsar vk.kysavkgsa- xhrk gh O;klakph eq[; f’kdo.k vkgs-R;akP;k fparu-euukph rh iw.kZ lkBo.k vkgs-fgP;kp vk/kkjkusa êqfuukeI;∙ga O;kl%* gh foHkwfrlkFkZ Bjyh vkgs- xhrk v/;k; 10 ‹yksd 37-

xhrk gsa mifu”knakpsafg mifu”kn~

vkgsa- ikFkkZP;k fufeÙkkusa osn=;akpsa nksgu d:u gsaxhrk-nqX/k Jh—“.kkusa txkP;k gkrha fnysa vkgas-thoukP;k fodklkyk vko’îkd vl.kkjk izk;%

izR;sd fopkj xhrsar vkysyk vkgs- ;keqGsap xhrk


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gk /keZ-Kkukpk dks’k vkgs vlsvuqHkoh iq:”k Eg.kr vlrkr xhrkgk ygkulkp i.k fganq-/kekZpk eq[;xzaFk vkgs-Shrimat Bhagvat Gita is the deepest

and sublimest production that the worldpossesses. It is pre-emeniently a scrip-ture of future world religion. A gift ofIndia’s glorious past to the moulding ofstill more glorious future of mankind.

- xzsVfczVue/khy ,dk O;ähps gs mn~xkj vkgsr-;kpk vFkZ vlk dha]

Jhe˜xon~xhrk gsa txkyk ykHkysysa xguvkf.k mPpre - ‘kkL= vkgas- vxnh -uftdP;kdkGakr rsa txkpk -/keZxzaFk - Eg.kwufg vlY;kps

izR;;kl ;sbZy- fganqLFkkuP;k lkoZHkkSeHkwrdkykph-v’kh- ns.kxh—vkgs dha]thekuo tkrhpk Hkfo”;r~ dkynsf[kyvf/kdkf/kd mToy djhy-


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gas loZ /;kuha ?ksrY;koj ^^-xhrsarhy Kkuj.kHkwehoj lakx.îkkpsa dkj.k ukgha- xhrkekxkgwu dks.khrjh - egkHkkjrakr -?kqlMyh vkgs(vFkkZr~ rh izf{kIr- vkgs]** vlsa---fof{kIri.kkpsvdysps rkjs rksM.kkÚ;kdMs ^rq”;Urq nqtZu%* ;kU;k;kusa ys’kek=fg y{k |k;psa dkj.k mjr ukgha-

xhrk xzUFkakr 700 ‹yksd vkgsr -gsavkpk;k±uha vkiY;k xhrkHkk”;akr vkjaHkhp Li”V dsyas

vkgsa- ^^Hkxork ;Fkk mifn”Va ra /ke±loZK% Hkxoku~ osnO;kl% xhrk[;S%lIrfHk% ‹yksd’krS% mifuccU/kAA**gYyh miyC/k vlysY;k izrharwu frrdsp ‹yksdvk<Gwu ;srkr- ;k 700 Üyksdakrhy 1 ‹yksd/k`rjk”Vªkpk] 40 lat;kps] 84 vtqZukps vkf.k 575JhÑ”.kkps vkgsr-

egkHkkjr gk xzaFk foLrh.kZ vlY;keqGsaR;akr e/kwu-e/kwu nqljsa ‹yksd ?kky.ksa] vlysys dakghadk<.ksa] fujfujkGîkk dky[k.Makr laLdj.kkeqGsa ‘kD;

vkgs- ijUrq xhrsph xks”V r’kh ukgh- xhrk gkxzaFk usgehP;k ikBakryk vlwu


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osnkizek.ksa laiw.kZ xhrk rksaMikBEg.k.kkjs yksd iwohZP;k dkGha iq”dGgksrs vkf.k v|kifg dakgha vkgsr-

gYyhP;k xhrsar ikBHksn Qkjls vk<Gwu ;sr ukghrvkf.k ts FkksMs fHkUu ikB vkgsr rs Vhdkdkjklekghr vkgsr ;kpsa dkj.kfg gsap vkgsa- gsaa ,dmnkgj.k-igk] ^ lkSenfÙkLrFkSop * v/;k; 1;k,soth -^lkSenfÙk t;nzFk* vlkfg ,d ikB vkgs-

;kf’kok; xhrkxzUFkakr dks.kh Qsjcnyd:a u;s ;k gsrwusp R;akr cjkscj700 ‹yksd ?kkrys vlkosr vlsfgEg.k.îkkl gjdr ukgh- egkHkkjrakr xhrkizf{kIr vkgs ;k vk{ksikP;k fujluklkBha vlsa igkdha] Hkxon~xhrk gk egkHkkjrkpkp ,d Hkkx vkgs;kps izR;{k egkHkkjrakrp cjsp fBdk.kha mYys[kvkgsr- ;akrhy ifgyk mYys[k vfniokZP;k izkjaHkhth vuqØef.kdk fnyh vkgs] rhar ;srks- ^^ iwoksZäaHkxon~xhrkioZ Hkh”eo/kLrr% ** vlas izFker% ioZ-o.kZuakr lakfxrys vkgas] gk ,d mYys[k vkgs- Hkh”eiokZP;k o.kZuakr ^^d”eya ;= ikFkZL; oklqnsoks


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egkefr%A eksgta uk’k;kekl gsrqfHkeksZ{knf’kZfHk%AAvlk xhrspk Li”V mYys[k vkgs- gk nqljkmYys[k- ^^vtqZukyk -eksg >kY;koj Ñ”.kkusa foÜo:ink[kfoysyas -,sdyas -rsOgak -t;kfo”k;ha -ek>h -fujk’kk>kyh-**---vlsa /k`rjk”Vª Eg.krks- gk frljk mYys[kvkgs- xhrslaca/kh vkfniok±rhy gs rhu mYys[kvkgsr----;kf’kok; vÜoes/k iok±rhy vuqxhrase/khyfunsZ’kklg egkHkkjrakr Hkxon~xhrspk lkrosGak -Li”VmYys[k vkyk vkgs-

vFkkZr~ Hkxon~xhrk gk gYyhP;kegkHkkjrkpkp ,d Hkkx vkgs- vlasR;akrhy varxZr iqjkO;ko:u Li”Vfl) gksrsa- xhrsar vkf.k egkHkkjrakr 27 lca/k‹yksd] 12 ‹yksdk/ksZ fujfujkGîkk izdj.kakrwu d/khv{kj’k% rj d/kh FkksMîkk ikBHksnkusa ,dlkj[khpvkgsr- ;kiSdha izk;% izR;sd fBdk.kha gs ‹yksdiwokZij lanHkkZyk /k:u ;ksXîk fBdk.kha vkysysvkgsr] izf{kIr uOgasr vlas /;kuha ;srsa-

v’kk n`”Vhus fopkj dsyk Eg.ktsegkHkkjrkP;k brj izdj.kakr gs ‹yksd xhrsarwu?ksrys vlrhy vls Eg.krak ;sr ukgha- ;kmyVbrD;k fujfujkGîkk izdj.kakrwu gs ‹yksd xhrasr ?ksrys


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vl.ksfg laHkouh; ukgh- rsOgak xhrk vkf.kgha izdj.ksa fyfg.kkjk iq:”k ,dpvlyk ikfgts vlas vuqeku dj.ksaHkkx iMrsa-

ekxZ’kh”kZ efgU;klaca/khpas lk–’îkrj -foy{k.kp vkgsa- xhrsar-^êklkuakekxZ’kh”kksZ∙ga** v/;k; 10 ‹yksd 5-vlsa -;k efgU;kl T;kizek.ksaa izFkeLFkku fnysa vkgas] R;kizek.kasp vuq‘kkluiok±r nku-/keZ izdj.kha mioklkdfjrak efgU;akphauakosa nksunak lakx.îkkpk tsFkas izlax vkyk rsFkas izR;sdosGha ekxZ’kh”kZ efgU;kiklwup efgus ekst.îkkllqjokr dsyh vkgs- vuq’kklu ioZ 106 vkf.k109-

Hkkjr vkf.k egkHkkjr gs ‘kCn gYyhvki.k lekukFkhZ okijrks- i.k gs nksu ‘kCn vFkok;k nksu laKk fujkGîkk vkgsr- ljG ‘kCnkFkZ ikfgykrj êgkHkkjr* Eg.kts eksBs Hkkjr vlk vFkZ gksrks-gk vFkZ ?ksryk rj eksBs Hkkjr gks.îkkiwohZ ,dknsygku Hkkjr fdaok uqlrs ^Hkkjr* Eg.kwu gksras dk;\


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vkf.k R;akr xhrk gksrh dha Ukkgh v’kh lgt ‘kadk;srs- gYyhP;k egkHkkjrkP;k vkfniok±r egkHkkjrxzaFk 24]000 Üyksdakpk vlwu ;kpas vxnh iwohZ^t;* uako gksras vlas EgVys vkgas- vkfnioZ 62]20-vkÜoyk;u x`álw=kar ^^lqeUrq] tSfeuh] oS’kaik;u----Hkkjr---------egkHkkjr----------/kekZpk;kZ%A vkÜoyk;ux`álw= 3-4]4 vlk _f”kriZ.kakr Hkkjr vkf.kegkHkkjr ;k nksu fujfujkGîkk xzUFkakPkk tks Li”VmYys[k vkgs] R;ko:u gsap vuqeku n`< gksras dha]ygku Hkkjrkpk ;kizek.kas eksBîkk Hkkjrakrlekos’k >kY;kuarj ygku Hkkjr gk xzaFk f’kYydjkfgyk ukgh] vkf.k ;keqGsap vkt?kMhyk egkHkkjrgkp dk; rks Hkkjr xazFk v’kh loZlkekU;

yksdakph letwr gks.ks LokHkkfod vkgs- ;keqGsapewGP;k Hkkjrakrfg xhrk ulsy vlasEg.k.kas laHkor ukgha- ewG xhrsykgYyh tsa izkek.îk vkgsa ras frykgYyhP;k egkHkkjrkuarj vkysa vkgsavlas fnlr ukgha- Hkkjrkpas egkHkkjrgksrakuk ewGP;k xhrsar tj iq”dGQjd >kyk vlrak rj ;k izkek.îkkyk


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/kksdk vkY;k[ksfjt jkfgyk ulrak i.krlsa u gksrk gas izkek.îk vckf/krjkfgyas vkgsa(---brdsp uOgsa rj rsavf/kdp ok<yas vkgas- Eg.kwu -ewGP;kxhrsar tks Qjd >kyk rks ewyksRikVhulwu -eqGakrhy vFkkZpk T;kus ifjiks”kgksbZy v’kk Lo:ikpkp vlykikfgts vlsa vuqeku dj.kas Hkkx iMrsa-

xhrsyk ;kizek.kas ,dnak tas Lo:Ik izkIr >kysa rsavktferhi;±r dk;e vkgsa- vfrizkphu iqjk.kkiwohZdakgha ‘krdsa rjh gYyhph xhrk vfLrÙoakr gksrhvkf.k rh izek.kHkwr gksrh- rh iw.kZ izek.kHkwr ulwufQjfork ;s.îkklkj[kh >kysyh vlrh rj frP;kueqU;koj r’kkp xhrk dj.îkkpas iqjk.kdkjakP;k euakr;s.ksp laHkouh; uOgrsa----mnkgj.kkFkZ&f’koxhrk]x.ks’kxhrk] xq:xhrk] jkexhrk bR;kfn- rlsp xhrsP;kfujfujkGîkk lakiznkf;d Vhdkdkjakuha ,dkp xhrsarhy‘kCnakph vks<krk.k d:u xhrkFkZ vkiY;kyk vuqdwyvkgs vlsa nk[kfo.îkkph th [kViV dsyh vkgs] rhfgdj.îkkpsa rlsa dakghap dkj.k fnlr ukgha-


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blohlu iwoZ 1500 o”ks± ewGHkkjr vkf.k rnarxZr - xhrk izFke>kysyh vkgsr- vkf.k HkkjrkpsaegkHkkjr -gksrakuk -;k ewG xhrsarrnFkZiks”kd dakgha lq/kkj.kk >kY;k--vlY;k rjh xhrspsa -,danj Lo:IkrsOgakfg cnyysa xsys ukghavkf.kvktferhi;±r rhar iqUgak nqljk dakghaQsjQkj >kysyk ukgh vkf.k gks.ks‘kD;fg ukgh-

- nqljsa vlsa dha] gYyhP;k xhrsarhydakgha --fl)kUr -ijLij fojks/kh Hkklrkr- ;keqGsagYyhP;k egkHkkjrakrhy xhrsarfg osGksosGha Qjd>kyk vlsy v’kh ‘kadk fdR;sd dk<hr vlrkr-

i.k gs fojks/k okLrfod ulwu /keZ-izfriknu dj.kkÚ;k iwokZij oSfndIk)rhpsa Lo:Ik uhV u letY;keqGsafuekZ.k gks.kkjk gk Hkze vkgs-


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¿2Àlaiw.kZ osnok³~e;kuarj Jhe˜xon~xhrk gkpÑ”.k-HkDrhpk izFke xzaFk Bjrks- brj loZ ok³~e;

uarjps vkgsa- izkphu xhrk gkp vkRe-ykHk -d:u ns.kkjk izFkepkLe`frxzaFk vkgs- osnkUrh oxkZus xhrsykvkiY;k pkSdVhar vks<ys- okLrfod xhrspk vkf.kR;akpk dakghafg laca/k ukgha-

osnok³~e;kps izFke] e/; vkf.k varhe vlsa

loZp Hkkx xhrasr lekfo”V >kys vkgsr- laiw.kZosnkFkZ lkekU; tuklkBha laxzfgr dsykxsyk rh xhrk gks;- dsoG ^loksZifu”knksxkoks*gsa pwd vkgs ôsnksifu”knksxkoks* vlsp Eg.kko;klgos vkgs

oSfnd dky[k.Makrhy laU;kl dsoGmifu”knakrwu fu?kkyk ukgh rlk ;ksxfg deZdk.Makrwu

fu?kkyk ukgh- deZ] HkfDr] Kku vkf.k


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/;ku ;kauh oSfnd thou ifjiw.kZ gksrsa-oSfnd dky[k.Makr deZ] HkfDr] Kku] /;ku ;akphekSf[kd vkf.k oSpkfjd ijaijk gksrh- R;akph ckSf)dvfr’kkL=h; ifjHkk”kk uOgrh-

xhrsus cz„lw=kizek.ksa osnok³~e;kpk leUo;dsyk ukgh( rj lkekU; tuklkBha ,d ifjiw.kZosnlaer lk/kuekxZ nk[kfoyk- osnakrhy laiw.kZ

thou-n’kZu Eg.kts Jhe˜xon~xhrk- xhrk gkposn-ok³~e;kpk lans’k vkgs-

egkHkkjrkfo”k;ha Kkunsoakpsa dFku vfr’k;vFkZiw.kZ vkgs- osn rhu o.kk±P;k dkuha ykxyk vlsa

Kkunso Eg.krkr- ;kuqlkj lektkP;krGakrhy oxkZfo”k;ha vkLFkk gas xhrspsaoSf’k”Bîk Bjras-Hkk”kk vkf.k NUnksjpuk vk”kZvlY;keqGsa xhrk fu%la’k; izkphuvkgs- dkO;e; Lo:ikuas jle; >kysY;k frP;kvk”kZ jpusph gha mnkgj.ksa igk&^vUr* v/;k; 2 ‹yksd 16- ^Hkk”kk* 2%54-

^cz„* ¼iz—fr½ 14%3- ikniwjd vO;; ^g* 2%9-


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oxSjs ‘kCn xhrasr T;k vFkkZus vkys vkgsr R;kvFkkZus rs dkfynklkfndakP;k dkO;akr fnlwu ;srukghr- ikBHksnkus dak gksbZuk i.k 11%35] ;akrûeLÑRok* vlk vikf.kuh; ‘kCn vkf.k 11%48];akr ^’kD;vga* vlk vikf.kuh; la/khfg vkgsrlsp ^lsukuhukegaLdan%* 10%24 ;akrhy^lsukuhuak* gh “k”Bhfg ikf.kuhizek.ks ‘kq) ukgh-gh loZ vk”kZ jpuspha mnkgj.ksa vkgsr- 11 O;kv/;k;akrhy fo‹o:i o.kZukps ts ‹yksd vkgsr]v/;k; 11 ‹yksd 15 rs 50 ;ko:ufg ghp xks”Vfun’kZukl ;srs- gs 36 ‹yksd vkgsr- ;akrhyizR;sd pj.kakr vdjk v{kjsa vkgsr- ;akr x.kkpkfu;e ulwu ,d pj.k banzotzk rj nqljsa misanzotzkfrljsa ‘kkfyuh rj pkSFks vk.k[kh fujkGîkkp izdkjpas-;kizek.ks vdjk fujfujkGîkk tkrhps pj.k ;k 36‹yksdakr Eg.kts 144 pj.kakr vk<Gwu ;srkr-rFkkih nj pj.kakr v{kjsa vdjk vlwu ifgyas] poFks]vkBos vkf.k ‘ksoVph nksu xq: vkf.k lgkos izk;%y?kq vlk fu;e R;akr fnlwu ;srks- ;ko:u_Xosnakrhy f=”Vqi o`ÙkkP;k pkyhoj gs ‹yksdjpysys vkgsr vlas vuqeku fu?krsa- dkfynklkP;kdkO;akr vlyh vdjk v{kjakph fo”ke o`Ÿksavk<Gwu ;sr ukghar- ‘kkdqUry ukVdakr ^vehosfnaifjr%DyÌrf/k”.îkk%*A gk ‹yksd ;k NUnkpk vkgs(


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i.k dkfynklkusp ;kl _d~NUn vlas uako fnysa

vkgas- ;ko:u xhrk xzaFk vk”kZo`Ÿksaizpkjakr vlrakuk fuekZ.k >kysykvkgs gas m?kM gksras-


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¿-3Àxhrk laiw.kZ osnok³~e;kyk vuqljyhvkgs- lafgrk] czk„.ksa] vkj.îkdsa]mifu”knsa ;k lok±uk xhrk vuqljyhvkgs- JqrssfjokFk±Le`frjUoxPNr~A xhrk gk Le`frxzaFk

vkgs- frP;akr lexz osnn’kZu vkgas(;keqGsa fuOoG mifu”knakuh xhrspkvFkZ e;kZfnr dj.kas dsOgakfg mfprgks.kkj ukgha- izLFkku=;akr xhrk lekfo”V dj.kasQkj pqdhpsa dke vkgas- yksdekU; fVGdakuk tsadakgha Eg.kk;psa gksrsa] R;akrhy ‘kkL=h;rk yksiikoY;keqGsa vkf.k R;aakpas izfrIkknu ;ksXîk vlwufgizR;{kakr rks fo”k; R;akP;k euakr /kwlj >kY;keqGsalxGkp cz„?kksVkGk >kyk vkgs- yksdekU;izLFkku=;akr xhrspk lekos’k dak >kyk R;kpha dkj.ksalakxrkr] Eg.kts izLFkku=;akr xhrspk lekos’k ekU;d:u R;akuh lqjokrhlp rG xkByk- bFksp R;akuhxhrsyk Lor%gwu e;kZnk ?kkryh- vkf.k ;keqGasp rsxhrsph [kjh cwt jk[kwa ‘kdys ukghr- vFkkZr~ R;akpk


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uqlrkp vkxzg f’kYyd-jkfgyk--‘kkL=h; ok³~e;akr-gsavlsa pkyr ukgha-

Hkkjrh; ;q) >kY;kuarj 2@3 o”kk±r ^t;* xzaFkr;kj >kyk- egkHkkjrkP;k vkfniok±rhy ueukpkÜyksd igk&

ukjk;.ka ueLÑR; ujapSo ujksÙkee~Ansoha ljLorha O;kla rrks t;a mnhj;sr~ AA

ik.MoakP;k t;kpsa o.kZu Eg.kwu rks ^t;* xzaFk- gkbfrgkl xzaFk vkgs- iqjk.k xzaFk ukgha- ;k ^t;* xzUFkakrxhrk lekfo”V gksrh- ;kuarj 500 o”kk±uhlw=ok³~e;kl izkjaHk >kyk- cknjk;.kkpk;k±phcz„lw=sa] tSfeuhaph /keZlw=sa] iratyhaph ;ksxlw=sabR;kfn- ;kp dky[k.Makr ^t;* xzaFkkpas laLdj.k

gksÅu Hkkjr r;kj >kyas vkf.k R;akrhy xhrspasfg

laLdj.k gksÅu HkkjrkUrxZr ewG xhrkr;kj >kyh-

^t;* xzaFk Ñ”.k}Sik;u O;klakuh fyfgyk( ek=

R;koj laLdj.k gksÅu tks Hkkjr xzaFk r;kj >kyk


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rks cz„lw=dkj cknjk;.k O;klakuh dsyk vlkloZekU; let vkgs- ‘kadjkpk;Z] O;kl vkf.kcknjk;.k O;kl ;akpk fHkUuRokuas funsZ’k djrkr-R;akuh -dksBasfg -nks?kakpk -,dRokusa -funsZ’k dsyk ukgh-mnkgj.kkFkZ^^rFkkfg--vikUrjrekuke-osnkpk;Z% iqjk.kf”kZ%fo”.kqfu;ksxkr~ dfy}kikj;ks% la/kkS Ñ”.k}Sik;u%lacHkwosfr LejfUr **AA vFkok ^^ LejfUr pO;klkn;ks% ;Fkk tSosu nq%[ksu ijekRek unq%[kk;rs bfr**A ;sFks O;klakpk Le`frdkj]egkHkkjrdkj Eg.kwu vkpk;k±uh mYys[k dsyk vkgs-lw=kfo”k;ha vFkok lw=dkj Eg.kwu mYys[k djrakukvkpk;Z cknjk;.k vls fyfg.îkkl foljys Ukkghr-mnkgj.kkFkZ ^^cknjk;.kLrq vkpk;ksZ Hkkoef/kdkjL;nsoknhuak vfi eU;rs A fdaok Hkxoku~ cknjk;.k%

vkpk;Z% iBfr**A ;kf’kok; v/;k; 13Üyksd 4 ;kojhy Hkk”;akr vkpk;k±uhcz„lw=sa ?ksryha ukghar rj mifu”knakrhy

cz„-izfriknd-okD;sa vlk vFkZ dsyk vkgs-

;ko:u ^t;* xzUFkakrhy xhrsar ^t;k*uarj 500 o”kk±uh vkjaHk >kysY;klw=ok³~e;kpk mYys[k dlk ;sbZy\


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gsp vkpk;k±uh lwfpr dsys vkgs-fdacgquk R;akP;k osGsi;ZUr pkyrvkysyk bfrgklp R;akuh vkiY;kHkk”;akr xksoyk vkgs- gk loZ foLrkj ehv’kklkBha dsyk dha] vkpk;k±P;k erkizek.ksa xhrktjh czãlw=akuk vuqljr ulyh rjh dsoGmifu”knakuk vuqljras Eg.kwu rh lw=ok³~e;akr]izLFkku=; ;k Lo:iakr lekfo”V dj.ksa vifjgk;Zvkgs- ;keqGsa ekÖ;k ersa gk myV cktwus Mko Vkdwuxhrspas oSf’k”Bîkp u”V dj.kkjh vkf.k czãlw=kekxsfryk QjQVr us.kkjh vuqfpr ;kstuk fuekZ.k >kyhvkgs- xhrsyk izLFkku=;akr lekfo”V dj.îkkpk gkgÍkxzg d’kklkBha rs letr ukgh- czãlw=sa gkijegal laU;kl ekxkZpk] cknjk;.kkpk;k±uh laU;klekxhZ; mifu”knakP;k vk/kkjsa r;kj dsysyk ,desoloksZR—“V---xzaFk---vkgs---

-- izLFkku=; vlk f’kDdkeksrZcd:u xhrsyk laU;klekxhZ;akP;kiaähyk usÅu clfo.îkkph osnk-UR;akph gh cqf)iqj%lj -;kstuk


19

vkgs- ;klkBha R;akuh - xhrsP;kVkGwo:u gkr fQjowu frpsa eqaMudsyas vkgas- R;akph gh eqäkQGsaigk&

^^rL;kL; xhrk ‘kkL=L; la{ksir% ijeiz;kstua fu%Js;la lgsrqdL; lalkjL; vR;Urksijey{k.kaA rr~ p loZdeZlaU;kliwoZdkr~ vkReKkufu”Bk:ikr~ /kekZr~ HkofrA**

izo`fÙkiqujko`fÙk%A ^^vdkeL; fØ;k dkfpr~usg ukukfLr dfgZfpr~A ;|r~ fg dq:rs deZ rr~ rr~dkeL; psf”Vre~AA** Kkua laU;kly{k.ka bfrA

^fuf”Ø; czãakr vofLFkr vl.kkjk lfØ;dlk vlwa ‘kdsy\* bR;kfn-

czãlw=kyk fHk{kqlw=sa vlsfg ,d uako vkgas-;ko:u gh lw=sa laU;klekxkZph vkgsr gsa m?kM gksrsa-

xhrk dsoG mifu”knakuk vuqljras] gh xks”VfVGdakuh Lohdkjyh vkf.k izLFkku=;akr xhrklekfo”V dj.îkkyk ekU;rk fnyh---;keqGsaizfri{kkyk jku eksdGs d:u nsÅu R;akuhLoer fujk/kkj d:u Vkdyas-


20

xhrspk vkf.k lw=ok³~e;kpkdkMhbrdkfg laca/k ukgh- xhrsarlak[; ;kpk vFkZ KkuekxZ vlk vkgs-R;kpk vFkZ lak[;’kkL= vlk ukgh-dfiyakph lak[;lw=sa loZKkr vkgsr- lak[;akpsaiz/kkueYy Eg.kwu [kaMu djrakuk vkpk;k±uh bZ‹oj-—“.kkP;k lak[;dkfjdk m/k`r dsY;k vkgsr dkj.klw=kis{kak R;k vFkZ?ku vkgsr- Eg.kwup R;kojt;eaxyk] fo}Ùkksf”k.kh] ekBjo`fÙk v’kk rstkG VhdkfuekZ.k >kY;k vkgsr- ^Kku;ksxsu lak[;kuak* xhrkv03 vFkok ^;Rlak[;S% izkI;rs LFkkua* xhrkv/;k;05- ;akrhy lak[; Eg.kts lak[;’kkL=ukgh&ts fujh‹ojoknh vlwu izfr’kfjjakr fHké];kizek.ksa vuar vkRes -eku.kkjs vkgs- tj v’khoLrqfLFkrh vkgs rj xhrsusa frP;akrhy KkuekxkZyklak[; dak EgVys\ gk iz‹up myVk fopkjyk xsyk

vkgs- ljG iz‹u vlk gksbZy dha]laiw.kZosxGk dky[kaM vl.kkÚ;k izkphuxhrsarhy KkuekxkZlkBha mi;ksftysyhlak[; gh laKk] dfiyakuh lw=dkyakr


21

vkiY;k jpuk dsysY;k lw=akuk dakfnyh\ czãlw=akr lak[;akpsa [kaMu dsyas vkgas- ek=xhrsarhy lak[;kfo”k;ha rlsa fnlr ukgh- myVczãlw=akr vusd fBdk.kha xhrspk Le`fr Eg.kwu vk/kkj?ksryk vkgs-

xhrsP;k 10 O;k v/;k;akr ,d mYys[k vkgs]^^-fl)kuak dfiykseqfu%A** ;sFkyk dfiy dks.k\lak[;lw=sa jpf;rk dfiy dks.k\ nqljsa vlas dha]

czãlw=sa vFkok ikf.kuhus laKk fnysyhfHk{kqlw=sa r;kj >kY;koj Eg.ktslaU;klekxhZ mifu”knakpk vUo;kFkZykxY;koj KkuekxZ øosnkUrÀ r;kj>kyk- vls vlsy rj vlkmifu”knakpk leUo; u gksrkxhrsP;kosGha lak[; gk KkuekxZdlkdk; gksrk\ R;kyk mifu”kn~okD;akP;k leUo;kph xjt dakjkfgyh ukgh\ vkf.k v’kh xjt ujkgrak R;akr iw.kZrk d’kh vkyh\


22

;so<s ifjiw.kZ xhrk’kkL= vlrakuklw=dkjakuk mifu”knakP;k leUo;kphxjt dak fuekZ.k >kyh\ lw=ok³~e;kP;kjpusekxpk [kjk vkf.k usedk mís’k dk;\ ;k vkf.kv’kk iz‹uekfydakph mÙkjs u feGrkp xhrspkizLFkku=;akr lekos’k dj.;kph gh f?klkM?kk;hd’kklkBha\

Jhe˜kxor gas bloh lukP;k nqlÚ;k‘krdakrhy vkgs- ;keqGsap yksdekU; Eg.krkr]Hkkxor gh uarj cufoysyh iqj.k-iksGh vkgs- R;akpk/oU;FkZ /;kuha ?ksÅufg R;akuh Hkkxorkfo”k;ha lq;ksX;‘kCnakr vfHkizk; O;ä dsyk vkgs vls eyk okVras-Hkkxor vfr egRokP;k eq|koj xhrsyk vuqljysavkgs- HkkxorkP;k ,dkn’k LdUnkoj Vhdk djrakukukFk Eg.krkr] ^^lak[;foosd xHkLrhA iw.kZ mxoykT;kpsa fpÙkhaA rsFk fodYikph va/kkjh jkrhA dS’kkjhrhamjsyAA tsa lkjkpasfg futlkjA tsa xqá Kku-HkakMkjA tsadk foosd-jRukdjA rsa lak[; lkpkj m)okAA

Hkkxorkfo”k;ha ek>k vfHkizk; vlk vkgs dha]Hkkxorkusa xhrsyk e/kkpsa pkV.k fnyas vkgas- xhrsarhy

Hkfä Kkukgwu fHké ukgh- Kku ftjysa-eqjysa Eg.kts rsaxksM gksrsa&vxnh eksjkoGîkklkj[ks&vlas gas e/kqj


23

>kysysa Kku Eg.kts Hkfä- Hkkxorakrhy HkfäHkkoHkfä vkgs- lqjokrhiklwup frP;akr ,d>ikVysi.k vkgas- R;keqGsa rh vfryksHkl vkgs-varjax Hkk:u Vkd.kkjh vkgs-

,oa fiz;k;S% ozrukedhR;kZA tkrkuqjkxksnzqrfpÙkmP;S% AglR;FkksjksfnfrjkSfrxk;u~A mUekn;é`R;fryksdcká% AA

fo”k;kUrj cjsp >kyas- Hkkxorkpk fo”k; ehv’kklkBha ?ksryk dha] lak[; ;k ‘kCnkpk vFkZxhrsizek.kas Hkkxorkuasfg dsyk vkgs- vkiyk iwohZpkeq[; iz‹u vlk dha] ^^ fl)ake/;sa dfiyeqfu ehvkgs** vlas xhrk Eg.kras- v/;k; 10- gs dfiy

dks.k\ lak[;lw=sa jpf;rk dfiy vlrsrj fujh‹ojoknh vkf.k vuar vkReseku.kkÚ;k dfiyakpk Lor%ph foHkwfrEg.kwu —“.k mYys[k dj.ks dlas ’kD;vkgs\ rsOgak T;akuk foHkwfr EgVys rs dfiy-dks.k\

;kojhy ‘kakdjHkk”; igk]^^-fl)kuak- tUeuk,o-/keZ-Kku-oSjkX;-,s‹o;kZfr’k;a izkIrkuak dfiy% eqfu%**


24

;ke/;sa lw=dkj dfiyakpsa uakofu’kk.k ukgha- ek=;kckcr fVGdakuh fgeky;k,o<h pwd dsyh vkgs-

;k leL;spsa [kjs lek/kku vlsa vkgsa dha] iqjk.ksaegkHkkjrkfn xzUFkakr ludkfndkcjkscj T;akukczãnsokpsa ekuliq= EgVys vkgs rs dfiy bZ‹ojoknhvkgsr vkf.k rsp xhrsarhy fl) vkgsr- ^^fl)kuakdfiyks---eqfu%** vkpk;k±uh gk Hksn czãlw=-’kkfjjHkk“;kP;k f}rh; v/;k;akr Li”Vi.ks nk[kfoykvkgs- Hkkxorakrhy fo”.kwP;k va’kHkwr dfiyakuhvkiY;k vkbZyk Eg.kts nsogwrhyk tks osnlaerlak[;;ksx lakfxryk vkgs rks lak[; n’kZukgwuiw.kZr;k fHké vkgs-

;klkBha ukbyktkus tjk dMd‘kCnakr lakxrks dha] xhrk Lor%P;kik;koj etcwr mHkh vkgs&fdR;sd‘krdsa- dsoG mifu”knsa vkf.k uarjfuekZ.k >kysY;k czãlw=akP;k dqcMîkkykowu xhrspsa v/;;u d:a udk-xhrsph lk/kuki)fr] xhrspsa okrkoj.k


25

loZLoh fHké vkgs- frpsa frP;kpi)rhus v/;;u djk- rkSyfudv/;;ukpk eksg VkGk- ^^xhrk lqxhrk drZO;kfdeU;S% ’kkL=foLrjS%** gs opu v{kj’k% [kjs vkgs-osnksifu”knks xkoksA nksX/kk xksikyuanu%A ikFkksZ oRl%lqf/kHkksZ‰kA nqX/ka xhrke`ra egr~AA gsa iw.kZ dFkugksbZy-

djh eLrd Bsax.kkA ykxs larakP;k pj.kkAA ;krŸokuqlkj iwoZlwjhapk vknj djkok- R;akP;kok³~e;kpsa vfr’k; vkLFksusa v/;;u djkos-vkiyh rdZ’kf‰ ;keqGsa vizfrgr gksrs-tk.k.îkkP;k {kersar ok< gksrs- Knowing capacity,increase gksrs- vusd fopkjiz.kkyhaP;k v/;;ukusatkf.kosph {ks=sa foLr`r gksrkr- rkRi;Z vlas dha]R;akpk vuknj d:a u;s- R;akph [kÚ;k vFkkZusa n[ky?;koh- R;akP;k fo’ks”k vFkk±uk ck/k ;sbZy vlsmíkei.k d:a u;s- ek= ;kpk vFkZ vlk uOgsa dha]xhrspsa v/;;u djrakuk frpsa ,d [kkl okrkoj.kvkgs gsa fol:u fryk iwoZlwjhaP;k pkSdVhar Bksdwu

clfo.îkkpk iz;Ru djkok- xhrspsa gsaokrkoj.k Kkunsoakuh Qkj tiysa vkgsa-


26

ek= R;kp Kkus‹ojhyk osnkUrkP;kpkSdVhar clfo.îkkpk vO;kikjs”kqO;kikj vusdakuh dsyk vkgs- vkrak gaspigk& xhrsojhy vkpk;ZHkk”; pqdhpsa vkgas vlasuOgsa] ek= rsa lek/kku ns.kkjs ukgha vlk vfHkizk;ns.kkjs gtkjksaP;k la[;sus ;k egkjk”Vªakr gksÅu xsysvkgsr- rsap czãlw=’kkfjjHkk”; igk! R;akr vkpk;k±pkdso<k nakMxk vkRefo‹okl fnlrks! d’kh xtZukvkgs! o`Ÿki=kP;k laikndkizek.ks ô;a czwe%* v’khR;akr Hkk”kk vkgs- rsFksa vkpk;Z KkuekrZ.M vkgsr-ek= xhrsojhy Hkk”;kP;k izlaxha igk! ô;a czwe%A*Eg.kts ^vkEgh vls Eg.krks* vls Eg.k.kkÚ;k

vkpk;k±uh-^^rnFksZ foKkrs leLr iq:”kkFkZflf)% vr% rr~ fooj.ks ;Ru% fØ;rse;kA** Eg.kts xhrsps fooj.k dj.îkklkBha ek÷îkk-dMwu iz;Ru dsyk tkr vkgs- v’kh vxfrdrsph

Hkk”kk R;akuh okijyh vkgs- vkf.k ;keqGsapdha dk;] czãlw=Hkk”;kpk FkkV] rksfnek[k xhrkHkk”;akr eqGhp jkfgykukgh-


27

R;akuh xhrspsa rkRi;Z lq;ksX; dk<yas vkgsaa- ek= ÅlfijxGwu la«;kpk jl dk<kok v’kh djker R;akuhdsyh vkgs- xhrk nqfoZKs;kFkZ vkgs v’kh R;akuhdcqyhp fnyh vkgs- xhrsar iq”dG’kh insa fook|vkgsr- dks.kkykfg R;akpk fu%’kadi.ks vFkZ djrkvkyk ukgh-

vkpk;Z vFkok Kkunso R;akpk Bkei.kasvFkZ nsrkr gk fojks/kkHkkl ukgh dak\xhrk nqfoZKs;kFkZ EgVY;koj vFkZdj.îkkpsa /kkMl dls gksras\ rh insalksMwu dak nsr ukgh\ R;akpkfuf‹prkFkZ dj.îkkl vkEgh vleFkZvkgksr vlk eukpk eksdGsi.kk dakulkok\ ;kckcrhar lxGîkakr vkpjV O;f‰

Eg.kts okeu iafMr- -,o<k iafMrvl.kkjk ek.kwl brdk ew[kZ dlk rsadGr ukgha!


28

fda deZ fdedesZfr do;ksI;= eksfgr%Arr~ rs deZ izo{kkfe ;r~ KkRok eks{kls∙’kqHkkr~AAdeZ.kksáfi cks)O;a cks)O;a p fodeZ.kkAvdeZ.kL; Ckks)O;a xguk deZ.kks xfr%AA v-4

,dkfg Hkk”;dkjkyk ;kpk fuf‹prkFkZdjrk vkysyk ukgh- T;kyk tksokVyk rks R;kus cseqoZr Bksdwu fnykvkgs-

bZ’kkokL; mifu”knakojhy Hkk”;vkpk;k±uh nksunak dsysa vkgas- rasfglek/kku ns.kkjas ukgha-

R;akpas c`gnkj.;dakojhy Hkk”;vizrhe vkf.k ljl oBysa vkgas- ,dkokpuakr ras let.kkjas ukgha- R;akph cqf)eÙkk vkf.kl[kksy Kkukpk rsFkas ek= iw.kZ izR;; ;srks-


29

R;akrhy vkpk;k±psa O;fäÙo eu izlédj.kkjsa vkgas] mér dj.kkjsa vkgsa-


30

¿-4ÀewG xhrspas izkphuRo iq”dGakP;ky{kakr ;sr ukgha- dkj.k vkpk;k±P;kiklwuxsY;k ,d gtkj o”kk±rhy e/;;qxhu iafMr eaMGhaphxhrsdMs ikg.îkkph –f”V mfpr Eg.ktsp ;FkkFkZvlwufg rh ,dakxh &fu%la’k; ,dakxh&vlY;keqGsa]

Eg.ktsp rh iw.kZ n`f”V ulY;keqGsa brD;k iznh?kZdkGakrfg xhrsyk [kjk U;k; feGkykukgha- ijaijkxr ikjekfFkZd {ks=akr,dnak fuekZ.k >kysyh gh fLFkrhv|kifg Rk’khp fVdwu vkgs-

iwoZlwjh Eg.krkr] xhrk gh thokyk lalkjakrizo`Ÿk djhr ukgh- xhrk lalkj-fuo`fŸklkBha fuekZ.k>kysyas ‘kkL= vkgas-

oLrqfLFkrh v’kh vkgs dha] ghrÙon`f”V ‘kCnakr ekor ukgha- ‘kCnakP;kpenrhus ‘kCn cktwl lk:u vFkkZpas xzg.k


31

djk;pas vlrsa- fuo`fŸkoknh v{kjkFkkZojpMqdwu clrkr] R;kosGha R;akP;kcq)hph dhao djkoh okVras- eks{k vFkokeqfDr gsap xhrspsa ijeksPp /;s; vkgsa- ek= gaslakx.îkkpk fuo`fŸkok|akuk eqGhp vf/kdkj ukgh-ek÷;kersa r:.k oxkZus &,o<k O;kid vFkZ /;kuha?ksÅu&xhrsdMs ikg.îkkpk gk n`f”Vdksu d/khfgutjsvkM gksÅa nsÅa u;as-

vkepk ;akP;k’kh erHksn ;sFkwu iq<s lq:agksrks- gs iwoZlwjh Eg.krkr] xhrk mifu”knakukvuqljrs- brdsp uOgsa rj ;kiq<s tkÅu rs Eg.krkr]rh mifu”knakukp vuqljrs- vuqlj.k Eg.kts Tofollow gk vuqlj.k ‘kCn vkf.k ^p* dkjkph,desorsph Hkk”kk] gh nksUgha x`fgr /kjY;kuarj Eg.kkosokVras dha] iwoZLkwjhapk gk ‘kq) nqjkxzg vkgs-brjakuk vkiY;k dGiakr vks<.îkkpk gkvÍkgkl vkgs-

xhrse/;sa dB] eqaMd] ‘osrk’orj v’kkdsoG 3@4 mifu”knake/khy dakgha iw.kZ Üyksd]Üyksdk/ksZ vkf.k dakgha ‘kCn tlsP;k rlsp ?ksrys xsysvkgsr- T;akuk lok±r izkphu mifu”knsa Eg.krkr rhNkUnksXîk vkf.k c`gnkj.îkd] ;akpk vkf.k xhrspk


32

vxnhp ux.îk laca/k vkgs- vkiY;k ;sFks xksyeksycksy.îkkph ,d csf’kLr i)fr fuekZ.k >kyh vkgs-,sfrgkfld iwokZij laca/kkpsa vkEgh brdas lqrd dak/kjrkas rsa dGr ukgha!

mifu”knakrhy ,o<ha vorj.ksa ?ksÅufgxhrk mifu”knakpk ,dk -‘kCnkusfgmYys[k djhr ukgha( gk fopkjdj.îkklkj[kk fo”k; vkgs- iwoZlwjhauh;klaca/kh la’kks/kuakr izkS<i.k rj vk.kys Ukkghap myV^^Jher~Hkxor~xhrklq mifu”kRlq ------------bR;kfn**

vlyk xpkGi.kkp dsyk vkgs- egkHkkjrakrv/;k;-lekfIr-lwpd gk ‘kCn leq-P;; eqGhap ukgh-

xhrsar dsoG rhu osnakpk mYys[k feGrks-^ôsnoknjrk% ikFkZZ ukU;nLrhfrokfnu%A** v02]42=Sxq.îkfo”k;k osnk fuL=Sxq.îkks HkoktqZu** v02]45^^ rkoku~ loZs”kq osns”kq czk„.kL; fotkur%**v02]46 ^^=Sfo|k eak lkseik%** v09]2^^-,oa =;h/keZ euqiziUukA** v09]21 ^ôsns”kq ;Ks”kq


33

ri%lq-pSo**v08]28 ^ûkga osnSuZ rilk**v011]53^^;n{kja osnfonks onfUr** v08]11 ^^NUnakfl ;L;i.kkZfu ;Lra osn l osnfor~** v015]1 ^ôsnSÜploSZjgeso os|ksA osnkUrÑr~ -osnfor~ ,o pkga**v015]15^^vkse~ rRlfnfr funsZ’kks cz„.kfL=fo/k%Le`r%A czk„.kkLrsu osnkÜp ;KkÜp fofgrk% iqjkAAv017]23 xhrspk 11ok v/;k; igk] rsFksa rjosnp vorjyk vkgs-

xhrspk laca/k ljG osnok³~e;k’kha vlysykfnlrks- lexz osnok³~e; vlk iw.kZ vFkZ xhrsykvfHkizsr vkgs--xhrkdkyhu ifjfLFkrhpk uhV vUo;kFkZykxyk rj vusd xks”Vh vxnh ljG gksrhy-xhrsP;k osGha rhu osn lexz :iakr gksrs- lafgrk]czk„.ksa] vkj.îkdas] mifu”knsa vls foHkkx eqGhapuOgras- mifu”knakuk tkLr egRo] lafgrk vFkok;KHkkxkyk deh egRo vlk rj-re Hkko uOgrak-gk osnkpk izFke Hkkx] gk varhe Hkkx vlk izdkjuOgrak- rhu osn feGwu lexz osnok³~e; v’kkn`”Vhuas R;kdMs ikfgys tkr vls- R;keqGsa xhrkosnkizek.ksa lexz thou-n’kZu vkgsa- xhrkizo`fŸkoknh ukgh vkf.k fuo`fŸkoknhfg


34

ukgh- osnkizek.ksp xhrk ,d ifjiw.kZeqDr thoukuqHko vkgs-

lkeosn gk xk;uklkBha vl.kkjk osn vkgs-;akr _Xosn vkf.k ;tqosZnakrhy ea= vkysys vkgsr-vktP;k Hkk”ksar Xkk;ukP;k n`”Vhuas rh R;k ea=kojNotations vkgsr-

fuo`fŸkoknh eaMGhauh xhrsoj dakgha fygwp u;sa- ;akr,d rÚgk v’kh dha] izo`fŸkoknh eaMGh xhrsoj

fyfgrkr rsOgak R;akr vifl)kUr Qkj vlrkrvkf.k fuo`fŸkoknh fyfgrkr rsOgak rs ‘kkL=’kq) mfpr

vkf.k lq;ksX; fyfgrkr i.k ras fy[kk.k,dakxh gksras- rs -xhrsyk U;k; nsrakuk vuqdEiknk[kforkr] lgkuqHkwfr nk[kforkr- R;akuk lka[;-fu”Bsfo”k;ha tso<h vkLFkk] vkiqydh] ftOgkGk]vkReh;rk vlrs rso<h vkf.k frrdh ;ksxkfo”k;ha

ulrs- rs ;ksxfu”Bsyk lakHkkGwu ?ksrkr-R;kfo”k;ha rs lgkuqHkwfr nk[kforkr]lekukuqHkwfr nk[kfo.ks R;akuk d/khfg‘kD; ukgha dkj.k ;kfo”k;ha rs vik=


35

vkgsr- xhrs’kha R;akP;kdMwu gh izrkj.kkp >kyhvkgs- ;keqGsa ukbyktkusa eh fyfgys dha] fuo`fŸkoknh

eaMGhauh xhrsoj fygawp u;s- vkpk;k±uk^^f}fo/kksfg osnksäks /keZ% izo`fŸky{k.k% fuo`fŸk-y{k.kÜpA**-xhrslaca/kha gh vizklafxdppkZ dj.îkkph dk; t:jh gksrh\ok?;kpk ;sGdksV tkr ukgha] rlkp gk izdkj vkgs-cz„lw=koj Hkk”; dj.îkkl vkpk;kZlkj[kh lq;ksXîkO;fä -lIr[k.Makr feG.kkj ukgha- foÜokP;kok³~e;akr cz„lw=’kkfjjHkk”;klkj[kk fo}Ÿkkiw.kZ vkf.kfnek[knkj xzaFk ,desokf}rh;p vkgs- ek=vkpk;k±uh xhrsoj dsysys Hkk”;] gk v’kksHkuh;vkf.k Lor%ph fdaer ?kkyfo.îkkpk m|e >kykvkgs- ;kfo”k;ha Kkunsoakuh ckth ekjyh vkgs-rs iq”dGp lek/kku ns.kkjs-s vkgsr-

lw=ok³~e;kph---xa/kokrkZ--uOgrh v’kkdky[k.Makr lak[; vkf.k ;ksx gsnksUgh ifjiw.kZ lk/kuekxZ gksrs- R;kosGha,dkyk fuo`fŸk] ,dkyk izo`fŸk vlk foHkkx eqGhp

uOgrak ^^cz„fo|k;ak- ;ksx’kkL=s**--vlas


36

;ksxekxkZyk fBxG tksM.îkkphdakghafg t:jh ukgh- ;ksx gk ifjiw.kZLora= -ekxZ vkgs vkf.k gk ekxZ vaxksiakxklglexzrsuas yksdakuk Kkr Ogkok Eg.kwu xhrsph fufeZrh>kyh vkgs-

^^yksdsfLeu~ f}fo/kk fu”Bk** v03] ’yksd 3fu”Bk ,dp i.k rh f}fo/kk Eg.kts nksu fo/khauh]nksu ekxk±uh izkIr gksrs] vlk xhrsP;k Eg.k.îkkpk

jks[k vkgs- f}fo/kk fu”Bk Eg.kts nksuizdkjph fu”Bk( gk fuo`fŸkoknh vFkoklaU;klh lakiznkf;dakuh dsysyk ,dakxhvFkZ vkgs-

;ksx]^rRizkfIr mik;* vkgs] rlk lak[; ukghdak\ ;ksxkfo”k;ha gh lkiRuHkkokph okx.kwd dak\

;akP;k n`”Vhusa] eyhu vkf.k papyfpŸkklkBha tj ;ksx vlsy rj v’kk[kkyP;k ntkZP;k -xzaFkkpk] n’kksifu”knsa vkf.kcz„lw=sa ;k mP;dksVhP;k HkkjnLr xazFkakr lekos’kd:u izLFkku=; dak -dsyssa\ izLFkku};p


37

vf/kd ‘kksHkwu fnlys vlrs- gk ?kkV‘kadjkpk;k±P;kiwohZp dks.khrjh ?kkrysyk fnlrks-dnkfpr~ ;keqGsap ‘kadjkPkk;k±uk xhrsoj Hkk”; djkosykxysa vlsy- vFkok vlasfg vlsy dha] vkpk;ZiwoZdky[k.Makr---xhrspk ykSfddn`”Vîkk vusdfo/kvFkZ dj.kkjh Kku-deZ-leqP;;oknh Hkk”;sa vlrhyvkf.k R;akpsa [kaMu dj.îkklkBha R;akuk xhrsoj Hkk”;

djkos ykxyas vlsy- ek= gh loZrRdkyhu ifjfLFkrh vkf.k R;akpslak[; laU;klh O;fäÙo] ;k lok±pkifj.kke >kY;keqGsa vkpk;k±psa xhrkHkk”; O;kdj.k vkf.k ‘kCndks’k;kizek.ks fuOoG vkSipkfjd FormalLo:ikpas >kyas- vkgas- xhrspas ân; izdV dj.kkjas]jgL; myxMwu nk[kfo.kkjsa] eqGhap >kyas ukgha- ghloZ fujk’kktud ifjfLFkrh /;kuha ?ksrY;koj Eg.kkosokVrs dha] xhrsoj dks.k fyfgrks ;kyk Qkj egRovkgs- laU;klh vFkok fuo`fÙkoknh fyfgrks dak\ rjrks xzaFk dlykp fopkj u djrka Qsdwu |kok dkj.k;ksxfu”BsP;k lanHkk±r gs yksd vçek.k vkgsr- xhrkEg.krs] ^^,”kk rs∙fHkfgrk lak[;s cqf);ksZxs fRoeka


38

‘k`.kqA** ;kpk vUo; vlk& ^,”kk rs lak[;s cqf)vfHkfgrk ;ksxs rq beak ‘k`.kqA* ;sFks lak[;s vkf.k ;ksxsgh lIreh foHkfä vkgs- nqljas vlas dha] cqf) ,dpvkgs- lak[; vkf.k ;ksxkps lanHkZ osxGs vkgsr- i.k

nksgkasrhy cqf) ,dp vkgs- cqf) osxGh ukgh- nksucq)hapk laU;klh lakiznkf;dkauh dsysykvFkZ pqdhpk vkgs- Kkufu”Bk vkf.k deZfu”Bkv’kk nksu fu”Bk vkgsr vls gs lakiznkf;d Eg.krkr-

xhrsyk rqEgha fdrh [kkyh vks<rak! Rkksdk; deZdakMkojhy xzaFk vkgs\^deZfu”Bk* vlk vukBk;ha ‘kCn-iz;ksx xhrsP;klanHkk±r djrak] gsa ‘kksHkras rqEgkyk\ xhrspas Eksk{k gasijeiz;kstu vkgas vlas Eg.krak vkf.k R;kp xhrsarhy

;ksxkyk deZfu”Bk Eg.krak( gh XkakMqGklkj[khnqrksaMh Hkk”kk d’kh dsyh tkrs\ dGrukgh! uhV fopkj dsY;kl ^nkyeas dkyk*dk;vkgs ras bFks tk.kors- xhrspsa ijeç;kstu vlas tasfu%Js;l ras dks.kR;k lk/kukuas izkIr gksbZy] ;kfo”k;havkpk;Z dk; Eg.krkr igk&


39

^^rr~ p loZdeZlaU;kliwoZdkr~ vkReKkufu”Bk:ikr~

/kekZr~ Hkofr** ;ksxkyk eqjxGwu laU;klakrdksackok rlk gk izdkj >kyk vkgs-ml fijxGwu la«;kpk jl dk<kokr’kh gh djker vkgs- xhrkHkk”;akrvkpk;k±uh v{kE; vijk/k dsyk vkgs vkf.k vlsvuqfpr Hkk”; d:u R;akuh xhrsykizLFkku=;kph Hkyrhp fn’kk fnyh vkgs- fVGdakpasxhrkjgL; dakgha va’kkr v’kkL=h; >kyas vkgas-^vjsyk dkjs* ;k n`”Vhuas fVGdakuh ‘kqHkkjaHk pakxykdsyk vkgs- vkpk;k±psa ‘kh”kkZlu dsysyas :i Eg.kts

yksdekU;- nksUghfg gêkxzgh vkgsr- vkiykewG fo”k; &^^,”kk rs∙fHkfgrk lak[;s cqf);ksZxs-----**-cqf) Eg.kts Kku] gkfg R;akpk vFkZ pqdhpk vkgs-

lak[; gk ekxZ rs letr ukghr-R;kyk lak[;fu”Bk] iw.kZ Kku vls rsletrkr- cqf) Eg.kts n`f”V- Attitude. n`f”Vcnyyh dha] l`f”V cnyrs- xq: Qä Kkukph n`f”Vnsrks] Kku T;kpsa R;kusp feGok;pas vlrsa-^^rr~Lo;a ;ksxlafl)% dkysukRefufoanfrA** ;kpk dks.kh


40

ljG vFkZ djhr ukghr- laU;klh iaFk xhrsojfyfg.îkkl vik= vkgs-R;akph xhrsojhy v/;k;akph uakosfg pqdhph

vkgsr-lak[;;ksx v02 KkudeZlaU;kl;ksx v04laU;kl;ksx v05 v’kh ukaos nsÅu fuo`fŸkoknhvFkok laU;klh laçnk;kus xhrsar goh r’kh euekuhdsyh vkgs- ;kpkp ifj.kke vkf.k izfrfØ;k Eg.kwufVGdakP;k lkj[kk vR;kxzgh fuekZ.k >kyk- gh

dkGkphp xjt gksrh] ekx.kh gksrh- ekxsEgVY;kizek.ks yksdekU; fVGdEg.kts vkpk;k±pas ‘kh”kkZlu dsysyas:i vkgas- yksdekU;akuh egkjk”Vªakr loZizFkevkokt mBfoyk- ;kfo”k;ha R;akps vkHkkj ekukosrrso<s FkksMs vkgsr- xhrkjgL;kojhy Vhdk-izfrVhdkeqGsa egkjk”VªkP;k cq)hyk th foy{k.k /kkjvkyh vkf.k fparukph th xgurk izkIr >kyh]R;kyk rksM ukgh- gsa Vhdk-izfrVhdakpas rqacG ;q) ;kiq.îkuxjhar 30 o”ks± xktysa- ;klaca/khps xzaFk] fofo/kys[k bR;kfn loZ ok³~e; eh rif’kyakr tkÅuckjdkbZusa vH;klysa- laiw.kZ 1 o”kZ] 1965 eh;klkBha fnyas- o”kZHkj eyk gk ,d Hkqaxkp


41

ykxyk gksrk- jkepanzcqokauh eyk R;k o”kk±rvusdosGak Vksdysa- i.k eh R;kyk nkn fnyh ukgh-gsa osM o”kZHkj eh dGlkyk----usyas-

xhrkjgL;kP;k fooj.kkph i)rhv’kkL=h; vlyh rjh R;akrwufVGdakph iksVfrfMd eyk iw.kk±’kkusatk.koyh- gas R;akpas egkjk”Vªkyk QkjeksBs ;ksxnku vkgas- yksdekU;akP;keqGsaegkjk”Vªakr xhrsP;k vH;klkyk Qkj eksBh pkyukfeGkyh- R;kosGP;k fofo/k -{ks=akrhy lqf’kf{kroxkZpsa y{k -xhrsP;k vH;klkdMs ykxys] gk ,dpeRdkjp ?kMyk- xhrkjgL;keqGsa egkjk”Vªakrvkpk;k±P;k rŸoKkukpk l[kksy vH;kl lq:a >kyk-

-xhrkjgL;akrhy ^^dfiy lak[; vkf.k{kjk{kj fopkj]** ^^fo‹okph mHkkj.kh olagkj.kh** vkf.k uarjpsa ^^v/;kRe**gha izdj.ksa- ;koj egkjk”Vªakrhy‘kkL=hoxZ vfr’k; izlUu vkgs- brdsvlwufg xhrsP;k lanHkk±r yksdekU; vkpk;k±ukfufÜpri.kas çfrfØ;koknh vkgsr- Kkunsoakuk vlk


42

,dfg çfrfØ;koknh >kyk ukgh- gka] ;kyk ,dviokn vkgs] okeu iafMr- i.k rks ew[kZ Bjyk

vkgs- dsoG egkjk”Vªakrp uOgsa rj laiw.kZHkjr[k.Makr xhrsP;k lanHkk±r Kku-nsoakpas LFkku ,desokf}rh; vkgas] ;akreqGha lq)ak la’k; ukgh- LoxhZP;knsoakukfg gsok okVkok vlas gsaegkjk”Vªkpas HkkX; vkgas- laU;klhlakçnkf;dakuh xhrsP;k v/;k;akuk fdrh pqdhph uakoasfnyh vkgsr rh vki.k oj ikfgyh- gs ikgwu phM;srs- mxhp ukgh fVGdakuh B.kk.kk dsyk!

fVGdakuk fo”k; uhV eakMrk vkykukgh] f’kok; R;akr v’kkL=h;rkcjhp vkysyh vkgs] rjhfg fVGdkapsEg.k.ks vxnh cjkscj vkgs- ^^n’kksifu”knsa]cz„lw=sa vkf.k Hkxon~xhrk ;akuk osnkUr ‘kkL=akrhyçLFkku=; Eg.krkr** dso<k vkxkoi.kk vkgs gk!;k vkpjVi.kkyk çFke dks.kh lqjokr dsyh\

lw=ok³~e;kph xa/kokrkZ uOgrh v’kk


43

izkphu dky[k.Makrhy xhrk vkgs-fryk izLFkku=;akr clfo.îkkpkvf/kdkj rqEgakyk dks.kh fnyk\

fuo`fŸkoknh vFkok laU;klh yksdakuh xhrsoj fygwpu;s- rh vxnh cktwl Bsokoh- xhrsokpwu R;akps dakghavMr ukgh- xhrsoj fyfg.îkkpk R;akuk dlykfg gôukgh- rs vxnhp vuf/kdkjh vkgsr- brdsp uOgsa rjrs vik=fg vlY;kps Li”V fnlwu ;sras-

vkpk;k±P;kiklwu xhrsoj tha Hkk”;sa>kyhr rha dk; Hkk”;sa vkgsr\Kkunsoakph ,d Kkunsoh lksMyh rjlxGh Hkk”;sa xpkG vkgsr- Hkk”; fygwurqEgh xhrsoj esgsjckuh d:a udk- ;k yksdakuhxhrsph okV ykÅu izLFkku=;akr fryk Bksdwuclfoyh vkgs- R;akuh v/;k;akph uakosfg tk.kwucqtwufnyh vkgsr- ek>h uakos v’kh vkgsr&

Lkexz ;ksx v02] ;ksx lgk¸;dkjhdeZ;ksx v03] Kkuiz/kku mikluk;ksx v04] iw.kZ ;ksx v05-


44

v/;k; 4 ps Li”Vhdj.k vls vkgs&

;ksxla’k; Nsndkjh Kkuiz/kku mikluk ;ksx-

rLekr~ vKkulaHkwra âLFka KkukflrkReuk AfNRoSua la’k;a ;ksxa vkfr”BksfÙk”B Hkkjr AA

;ksxa vkfr”BA Eg.kts vtqZuk] rwa ;ksxkpk voyacdj- ;q)kpk voyac dj vls lakfxrys -ukgha-Hkkjr mfŸk”BA vtqZuk] ;q)aklkBha mB- vls yxspxhrk lakxrs dkj.k ;k nksUgha oäO;kpsa xhrsyk lekuewY; vkgs- xhrk R;akr rj-re Hkko djhr ukgh-;ksxekxk±r dekZf’kok; eks{k ukgh- nqlÚ;k ‘kCnakr

deZ VkGwu eks{k feG.ksa ‘kD; ukgha- xhrspas iw.kZdFku vlsa vkgas dha] dekZf’kok;eks{k ukgh ek= dekZuas eks{k ukgh-dekZpas vfr’k; vkf.k ,o<s egRovlwufg dekZpsa xkS.kRo pqdr ukgh-ek= egRo vkf.k xkS.kRo ;akr xhrk rj-re Hkko

djhr ukgh- ^nwjs.k áoja deZ cqf);ksxkr~


45

/kuat;*A vls Eg.kwufg dekZpk vknjxhrsbrdk dks.khfg dsyk ukgh vkf.kgs xhrkp d:a tk.ks! ^dekZuas fpŸk’kqf)vkf.k Kkukuas eks{k* vls rksMwuikMwu cksy.kkÚ;kEg.kts v’kh Hkk”kk okij.kkÚ;k laU;klh vFkokfuo`fŸkoknh yksdakuk jfld Eg.krk ;sbZy dk;\ ;kyksdakuk lerksy fyfgrkp ;sr ukgh- R;akpk tUepR;klkBha ukgh- vkf.k lerksy d’kklkBha fygk;ps\dkj.k xhrk ;ksxkojhy xzaFk vkgs] lak[;kojhy xzaFkukgh- R;keqGsa lerksy fyfg.îkkpk izÜup ;sr ukgh-xhrk [kkl ;ksxekxkZlkBha Eg.kts ;ksx ekxkZpaslakxksiakx fooj.k dj.îkklkBha fuekZ.k >kysyk xzaFkvkgs- ;ksxkcjkscj lak[;akpk mYys[kv’kklkBha dha] nksgkase/;sa ,dp rŸovuqL;wr vkgas gsa /;kuha ;kos vkf.klk/kdkus-;ksxekxk±r la’k;jfgr vxzsljOgkos--xhrasrhy lak[;akP;k mYys[kakpk xSjQk;nk?ksÅu laU;klh vFkok fuo`fŸkoknh laiznk;kus jktjksl

vkiyh euekuh dsyh vkgs- gs yksdxhrsoj fyfgr ukgharp- xhrspas fufeŸk


46

d:u gs vkiykp ukÚ;k ukporkr-Hkkjrakrhy lxGkp ijekFkZ-iFk thou-fojks/kh >kyk vkgs- ;kpas dkj.k cq)kiklwulaU;klh vkf.k fuo`fŸkoknh- yksdakpas izkcY;]e/;;qxhu fuo`fŸkoknh iafMr eaMGh vkf.k

lareaMGkfn ijekFkhZ Qkj eksBk leqnk;] ;akpseqGsavkt vMhp gtkj o”ks± ,dlkj[ksfVdwu vkgs- ;kph rhoz izfrfØ;k ;kLo:iakr fVGdakpsa xhrkjgL; fuekZ.k>kysa- ek= R;akuh nqljsa Vksd xkByas-R;k cktwusfg vfrjsd >kyk vkgs-izo`fŸkoknkpk vkxzg -gsa Kkuy{k.kuOgsa]-vKkuy{k.k vkgas- fuo`fŸkoknfg ifjiw.kZvKkutU;p vkgs] i.k rks rlk y{kakr ;sr ukgh-

lxGs txp izo`Ÿkhar vMdY;keqGsafuo`fŸkoknkyk Kkukpk Hkze gksÅa


47

‘kdrks ;keqGsa R;akr vkReoapusykikjkokj jgkr ukgh-

xhrsfo”k;ha vkLFksusa] vkReh;rsusa] frph [kjh cwtjk[k.kkjs ,deso Care-taker Kkunsokf’kok; nqljsadks.khfg fnlr ukghar-

Hkkjrakrhy ikjekfFkZd {ks=akryk gkrek’kk--ikgrak-Kkunsoakuk Distinctionus -mÙkh.kZ -dj.ks vifjgk;ZZ vkgs-

xhrk Eg.krs]^êk rs l³~xks·LRodeZf.k**

^vdeZf.k rs l³~x% ek vLrq A* gsa fo|FkhZ :Ikvkgs] vkKkFkhZ ukgh- vdehZ okluk ulkoh] vlk

;kpk vFkZ vkgs- ;ksxekxk±r eqeq{kqRogh okluk Bjrs- vdeZ Eg.ktsuS”dE;Z Eg.kts eks{k- eks{k vFkokeqfä -tj fl) fLFkrh vkgs rj


48

frP;k oklususfg rh nqjkosy( gkpvFkZ ^vdeZf.k rs l³~x% ek vLrq*;akr vkgs- fu”dkerk gkp xhrspk lans’kvkgs] gasp thoukpasfg mfí”V vkgas] gkp

thoukpk gsrw vkgs- thou-izokgakr deZO;ä vlks ok vO;ä vlks]fu”dkerk gsap [kjas thou-lw= vkgsa;ksxekxZ eks{ksPNsdMs ikB fQjforks^û ekxs r;kph jek gks; nklh** gsafu”dkerspsa Lo:Ik vkgas- vkf.k -ghp;ksxcqf) vkgs- gsap ;ksx-lkj vkgsa-

dak js iqaMîkk ekryklh A mHks dsys foðyklh AA,slk dSlk js rwa /khV A ekxs fHkjdkfoyh ohV AA

gs igk] ;ksxekxZ eks{ksPNsdMs dlk ikB fQjforks-

fogk; dkeku~ ;% lokZu~ iqeku~ pjfr fu%Li`g%-AfueZeks fujgaadkj% l ‘kakfra vf/kxPNfr AA


49

yksdekU;akuh ^pjfr* ;kpk vFkZ ^fo”k;ku~ pjfr*vlk dsyk vkgs- rks pwd ukgh] i.k rsaO;korZd y{k.k gksbZy- rsa loZlekos’kd ekuysatk.kkj ukgha- ^pjfr* gk ‘kCn ,dw.k thou-fogkjkyk ykokok -ykxsy-

Kkunsoakuh ‘kCnkoj vFkkZpk Hkkj iM.kkj ukgh v’kk[kqchus ;akrwu okV dk<yh vkgs-

^^ fopjsa foÜo gksÅuh foÜokekthaA **

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&^^thou-izokgakr deZ O;ä vlks ok vO;ä vlks**

;kps--Li”Vhdj.kdeZ ekr`de~ vdeZA }h:ia rqA O;ä fyaxe~ ,de~AvO;äe~ fyaxe~ vije~A vfuoZpuh;e~ mHk;e~A fcanwnsorkfnor~A ‘kqdtud;ks% ,d% iUFkk%A oSS’ks”kUrqAv/;k; 5 psa gsa vlsa lw=c) Li”Vhdj.k-&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&


50

¿-5Àxhrk dks.kR;k dky[k.Makr--fuekZ.k>kyh\ Eg.kts xhrspk dkGdks.krk\ ;klkBha izFke Hkkjrh; ;q)kpk dkyBjfoY;kl rksp xhrspkfg dky Bjsy-

'kkfyokgu 'kdkP;k iapakxkuqlkjHkkjrh; ;q)kpk dky blohluiwoZ3102 ;srks- Eg.kts 3102 $ 2015 =5117 o"kk±iwoh± Hkkjrh; ;q) laiwu ;qf/kf"BjkykjkT;kfHk"ksd >kyk( rsOgakiklwu ;qf/kf"Bj'kd lq:agksrks- gk nkrs ;kaP;k iapakxkr okij.îkakr vkykvkgs- ;qf/kf"Bjkyk jkT;kfHk"ksd >kyk] R;kosGha

—".k}Sik;u O;kl mifLFkr gksrs- R;akuh];qf/kf"Bjkyk ;q)akr feGkysY;kt;kyk mís'kwu ^t;* uked xzaFkfyfgyk- R;akr xhrk lekfo"V gksrh


51

gas iq<hy Üyksdko:u m?kM fnlras- -

ukjk;.ka ueLÑR; -ujapSo ujksŸkee~Ansoha-ljLorha-O;kla rrks t;eqnhj;sr~AA

ek= gk Hkkjrh; ;q)kpk dky iq"dGakuk ekU; ukgh-dsljhps laiknd rkR;kjko djanhdj] ^Hkkjrh;;q)kpk dkyfu.kZ;* ;k vkiY;k iqfLrdsarfyfgrkr]^^Hkkjrh; ;q)kuarj ifjf{krkpk tUe >kyk-rsFkiklwu egkuankP;k vfHk"ksdki;ZUr ckgZnzFk oa'kkph1006 o"ks±] iz|ksr oa'kkph 138 o"ks±] 'kS'kqukxoa'kkph 360 o"ks± feGwu 1504 o"ks± >kyh- rsFkwuuankph dkjdhnZ 100 o"ks± vkf.k panzxqIrekS;kZpkjkT;kfHk"ksd blohlu iwoZ 328 o”kh± >kyk- ;k

lok±ph csjht dsY;kl 1932 ;srsssssss s ss s ss s ss- ;ko:uQyT;ksfr"k 'kkL=n`"Vîkk BjfoysykHkkjrh; ;q)kpk dky vkf.kiqjk.kakrhy--o--bfrgklakrhy--oa'kkoGh-o:u Bjfoysyk dky vxnh lkj[ks;srkr- vlk nqgsjh esG dqBY;kfg


52

o"kZ-fu.kZ;k'kha tqGr ukgha- Eg.kwublohluiwoZ 1931 gk Hkkjrh;;q)kpk dky la'k;krhr letkok-;akr ,d o"kZ deh djkos ykxrsa- ;kpasLi"Vhdj.kkpk O;ki djhr ukgha- dkj.k gk ys[kR;keqGsa e;kZnsckgsj ok<sy- vlks-

vkrak vlsa igk dha] iapakxkrhy dky vkf.kgk dky ;akr 3102 – 1931= 1171 Eg.kts ,dgtkj o"kk±is{kakfg tkLr varj iMras- yksdekU;fVGdakuh gk ;q)dky blohlu iwoZ 1400 o"ks±Eg.kts vk.k[kh 500 o"k±s vfydMs vk.kyk vkgs-rks fujk/kkj vkgs-

Hkkjrh; ;q)kP;k dkyfu.kZ;klaca/kha

fo}kuakP;ke/;sa ,o<k erHksn vkgs rjosndkyfu.kZ; fdrh fook| fo"k;vlsy ;kph lkekU; ek.klkykdYiukfg djrk ;s.kkj ukgh- ;k loZfo}kuakpk lqo.kZe/; dk<wu eh ,d pkVZ] ,d r‰kr;kj dsyk vkgs rks vlk&


53

1 osn] lafgrk& vkt T;k Lo:iakr miyC/kvkgs r'kh rh 6]500 o"kk±iwoh± fu%la'k; vfLrÙoakr

gksrh- gh lafgrk foHkkxkph mŸkje;kZnkvxnh dehrdeh /kjyh vkgs- ;akrloZ i{kaakP;k fopkjakph n[ky ?ksrysyhvkgs- gh mÙkj e;kZnk dks.kh fdrhfg cqf)y<foyh rjh vfydMs vk.krak ;s.ks 'kD; ukghs-vkrak jkfgyh osnlafgrsph iwoZe;kZnk] frpk fu.kZ;dj.kas vkt?kMhyk rjh ekuoh cq)hP;k

vkokD;kckgsjps-vkgs-;kpas-dkj.k^^vukfn fu/kukfuŸ;k okxqRl`"Vk Lo;aHkqo%AA** gasp vkgas-

2 czk„.kxzaFkdky& 5 gtkj 500 o"ks±- ghmŸkje;kZnk

3 mifu"knsa& 5000 o"ks±- mŸkje;kZnk-

4 t;& Hkkjrh; ;q) >kyas vkf.k 2@3 o"kk±r

^t;*-xzaFk r;kj >kyk R;kykvktferhyk 4000 o"ks± >kyha- gk,d fuf‹pr dky vkgs- ;sFks iwoksZŸkj


54

e;kZnspk izÜu ukgh-

5 lw+=ok³~e;& ;kyk vkt 3 gtkj 500

o"ks± >kyh- ;kp dky[k.Makr ^t;*xzaFkkpas laLdj.k gksÅu ^^Hkkjr** r;kj>kyas vkf.k t;kUrxZr xhrspsa laLdj.k gksÅu

HkkjrkUrxZr ewG xhrk r;kj >kyh-6 cq) tUe blohlu iwoZ 560 O;ko"kh± >kyk- ;kuarj o;kP;k 60 O;k o"kh± cq)iw.kZ Kkuh o izkS< gksrs- gk dky blohlu iwoZ 500

;srks- Eg.kts vMhp gtkj o"kk±iwoh±cq)akuh ;k Hkkjr ns'kakr /keZpØ-izorZukpas dk;Z iw.kZ dsyas-7-egkHkkjr& Hkkjrkpsa laLdj.k gksÅu

egkHkkjr r;kj >kyas- vkf.k HkkjrkUrxZrxhrspas laLdj.k gksÅu gYyhph xhrk 18v/;k; 700 Üyksd vlysyh r;kj >kyh-egkHkkjr 2 gtkj 400 o"kk±iwoh± r;kj >kyas-egkHkkjrakr cq) laiznk;akrhy Lrwiakpk vkf.k


55

fogkjakpk mYys[k ;srks- cq) fuokZ.k blohluiwoZ 480 O;k o"kh± >kysa ;kuarj70@80 o"kk±r cq)laiznk; fganqLFkkuHkj iljykvkf.k ;kposGha egkHkkjr o gYyhph xhrk r;kj>kyh- vkt miyC/k vlysyk 18 ios± vkf.k24000 Üyksdakpk egkHkkjr xzaFk 2 gtkj 400o"kk±iwoh± r;kj >kyk- ;kpk ljG vFkZ vlk dha]

gYyhph xhrk f[zkLrtUekiwoh± Eg.ktsblohlukiwoh± 400 o"k±s vfLrRoakrgksrh( brdh rh izkphu vkgs- HkkjrkUrxZr

ewG xhrk rj vk.k[khup izkphu vkgsdkj.k rhcq)iwoZ 1000 o"ks± vfLrÙoakr gksrh-;keqGsap rh r;kj gksÅu vktferhl3 gtkj 500-o"ks± >kyhvkf.krRiwohZP;k ^t;* xzUFkakrhy xhrsykvkt 4000 o"ks± >kyh- iqjk.kxazFk ifgY;kvkf.k nqlÚ;k 'krdakrhy vkgsr-


56

¿-6Àvkrak xhrksins'k d/kha >kyk\ ;kpk

fu.kZ; dj.îkklkBha izR;{k ;q)kjaHkd/kha >kyk R;k frFkhph fufÜprhOgko;kl goh vkgs- egkHkkjrakrhy;klaca/khP;k mYys[kkuqlkj iq<hy vuqeku gksras&

dkfrZd 'kq) 12 }kn'kh] jsorh u{k=- ;k fno'kha

—".k miIyO;kgwu f'k"VkbZlkBhafu?kkys-^dkSeqns eklh0*

dkfrZd o| 5 iapeh] iq";u{k=- f'k"VkbZfQldVyh- dkSjoakph ;q)kph ?kks"k.kk-—".k gfLrukiqjakr ijr vkys-

R;kp fno'kha cyjkekpsa rhFkZ;k=kxeu- nksUgh lSU;akpsa

;q)HkwehdMs iz;k.k- dkfrZd o|vekokL;k] T;s"Bku{k=- j.kkoj f'kfcjas


57

cak/k.îkkl izkjaHk-

ekxZ'kh"kZ 'kq) 13@14 =;ksn'khlgprqnZ'kh] frFkhph o`f) >kyh vkgs(e`xjk'khu{k=- ;q)kl vkjaHk-

ekxZ'kh"kZ o| 8 v"Veh] Hkh"eiru-;q)kpk 10 ok fnol-ekxZ'kh"kZ o| 13 =;ksn'kh] nzks.kakpko/k- ;q)kpk 15ok fnol-

ekxZ'kh"kZ vekokL;k] nq;ksZ/ku o/k-;q)kpk v[ksjpk 18 ok fnol-

egkHkkjrakrhy gs mYys[k igk&

vtqZusu grks Hkh"eks ekxZekls∙flrk"VehAuoE;ak o`"klsuLrq grks jktk egkcy%AA


58

n'kE;kefi lkSHknz ,dkn'îkakt;nzFk%A}kn'îkak v/kZjk=kSp grks okjk ?kVksRdp%AA

=;ksn'îkak rq ek/;kUgs Hkkj}ktks fuikfrr%AprqnZ'îkak rq la/;k;ka d.kksZ oSdrZuks gr%AA

rr% izHkkrle;s fojkVnzqinkS grkSAvekoL;ak rq ek/;kUgs fugr% 'kY; ,o pAA

vekoL;ak izo`Ùkk;ak jktk nq;ksZ/ku% gr%Arr% izHkkrle;s nzkSf.kuk lkSfIrds gr%AA

/k`"V|qEukS grk‹pk= nzkSi|k%iap pkRetkA/keZ{ks=s p ;s rfLeu~ dq:{ks=s egkcyk%AA

;kfo"k;ha dakgha erHksn vlysrjh ;q)kjaHk ekxZ'kh"kZ 'kq) 13@14=;ksn'khlg prqnZ'kh] e`xjk'khu{k=ha>kyk- gh xks"V vckf/kr vkgs rlspHkh"eirukph frFkh] ekxZ'kh"kZ o| 8v"Veh ghfg la'k;akrhr vkgs-


59

j.kkoj f'kfcjsa cak/k.îkkl lqjokrdkfrZd vekokL;sl >kyh vkf.kizR;{k ;q)kjaHk ekxZ'kh"kZ 'kq)=;ksn'khlg prqnZ'kh- Eg.kts j.kHkweh-oj 13 fnol eksdGsa feGrkr- gslxGs fnol ;q)kP;k r;kjhar lok±psp xsys vlsaekuko;kl gos- ;q)kjaHkkiwoh± 'ksoVps 1@2 fnolÑ".kktqZukpas ;q)kfo”k;ha eueksdGs cksy.kas pkyyasvlsy- R;kosGha nksUgha lSU;ake/;as jFk usÅu Ñ".kkusvtZqukyk fopkjys vlsy]

^^ Hkh"enzks.kizeq[kr% losZ"kkap efgf{krke~ Amokp ikFkZ i’;SrkUleosrkUdq:fufr AA **

vki.kkyk dks.kkcjkscj ;q)djk;pas vkgs gas dk; vtqZukl ekghruOgrsa\ i.k izR;{k n'kZukpk ifj.kkefdrh tho?ks.kk gksrks] R;kpas izR;Urj


60

Eg.kts vtqZukph >kysyh voLFkkvkgs- ;kuarj lkjak'k:ikusa dak gksbZuk ,d nksufnol Ñ".kktqZukpk laokn ->kyk vlyk ikfgts-

izR;{k ;q)kjaHk ekxZ'kh"kZ 'kq)=;ksn'khlg prqnZ'kh] gas /;kuha ?ksrakxhrksins'kkpk le; ekxZ'kh"kZ 'kq),dkn'kh vkf.k }kn'kh gkp ;srks-

ekxZ'kh"kZ 'kq0 11] ,dkn'kh(^^xhrkt;arh** iapakxkr fdR;sd 'krdsapkyw vkgs] rhp ;ksXîk vkgs] vlseyk okVrsa-


61

¿-7Àxhrk egkHkkjrkP;k Hkh"eiok±r v/;k;25 rs 42 ;akP;akr vkyh vkgs-rRiwohZP;k 21 rs 24 v/;k;akr&dkSjoakph eksBh lsuk ikgwu ;qf/k"Bhjkl fo"kkn okVyk-Hkh"eakuh jfpysyk vHks| O;wg ikgwu rks fuLrst>kyk- ^^vtqZuk] T;akpk iz/kku ;ks)k Hkh"e vkgs R;k/k`rjk"Vªiq=k'kha ;q) djrk ;s.kas vkEgkyk dls 'kD;vkgsa\ vkEgh vkt thforla'k;kl izkIr >kyksvkgksr- ;k O;wgkiklwu vkepsa j{k.k dls gksbZy\**vls ;qf/kf"Bjkps fujk'ksps mn~xkj vkgsr- R;kojvtqZukus /khj nsr R;kyk EgVys&

;q)îk/oeugadkjks ;rks /keZLrrkst;% A,oa jktu~ fotkuhfg /kòks∙Lekda j.ks t;% AA

;Fkk rq ukjn% izkg ;r% —".kLrrks t;% Axq.kHkwrks t;% —“.ks i`"Brks∙H;sfr ek/koe~ AA

iq:"k% lukrue;ks ;r% —".kLrrks t;% ArL; rs u O;Fkka dkfpr~ bg i';kfe Hkkjr AA


62

;L; rs t;ek'kkLrs foÜoHkqd~ f=fnosÜoj% AA

;kpk vFkZ&^^rqEgh vgadkj lksMwu ;q) djk- ftdMs/keZ frdMs t; vls gs jktk rwa tk.k- j.kakr vkepkfot; fuÜp;kus gks.kkj- dkj.k ukjnkus ftdMs —".kfrdMs t; vls lakfxrys vkgs- t; —".kkpkvaxHkwr xq.k vkgs- rks ek/kokP;k ekxksekx tkrvlrks- ftdMs lukrue; —".k iq:"k vlrks frdMst; vlrks- ;kLro gs jktk] rqyk dks.kR;kfgizdkjph O;Fkk gks.îkkpsa dkj.k fnlr ukgha- dkj.kfo‹oHkksDrk f=fnosÜoj rq÷;k fot;kph vkdak{kkdjhr vkgs** gs ,sdwu ;qf/kf"Bjkfnd ;q) djko;klfu?kkys-

j.kakx.kakr xsY;koj —".kkus vtqZukyk R;kP;kfgrklkBha 'kqfpHkwZr vkf.k j.kkfHkeq[k gksÅu 'k=wP;kijkHkoklkBha nqxsZpsa Lrks= Eg.k.îkkl lakfxrysR;kizek.ks vtqZukus gkr tksMwu nqxsZpas Lrks= Eg.k.îkklizkjaHk dsyk R;kosGha nqxkZ varfj{kakr izdV >kyhvkf.k Eg.kkyh]

LoYisuSo rq dkysu 'k=wu~ts";fl ik.Mo AujLRoefl nq/k"kZ ukjk;.k lgk¸;oku~ AA


63

vts;LRoa j.ks∙jh.kak vfi otzHk`r%Lo;a AA

;kuarj 23 O;k v/;k;akr vlasÜyksd vkgsr&&

yC/ok oja rq dSkUrs;ks esus fot;ekReuk Avk:jksg rr% ikFkksZ jFka ijelaere~ AA—".kktqZukS ,djFkkS fnO;kS 'ka[kkS izn/erq%AA

;kuarj 24 O;k v/;k;akr /k`rjk"Vªkusslat;kyk vlk iz'u dsyk dha]-^êk>s iq= oik.Mqiq= ;akrhy dks.kR;k ;ks/;akuh 'k=woj vxksnjizgkj dsyk\ ;q)kpk mRlkg o 'kqHkfpUgsa dks.kR;ki{kake/;sa fnlr gksrh\** ;koj lat;kus v'kkLo:ikpsa o.kZu dsys& nksUgha lSU;akrhy ;ks)s â"V>kys vkgsr- eyk nksUgha lSU;akr ,dlkj[kkp mRlkgvkf.k ,dlkj[khp 'kqHkfpUgsa fnlr vkgsr- nksUghalSU;akr 'ka[kkfn ok|akpk rqeqy 'kCn >kyk vkgs-

;kuarj 25 O;k v/;k;akr/keZ{ks=s dq:{ks=s leosrk ;q;qRlo%Aekedk%-ik.MokÜpSo fdedqoZr-lat;AA;sFkwu Jhe˜xon~xhrk lq:a >kyh-

'kkL=heaMGhapas Eg.k.kas vlas dha] ;kuarjvtqZukyk eksg >kysyk nk[kfoyk gas tjk peRdkfjd


64

fnlrsa] vls Eg.kwu R;akuh ;k izlaxkph miiÙkh

vFkok laxrh fnyh vkgs- ek÷;k ersavtqZukyk Lotueksg >kyk gsapeRdkfjd uOgas( vlas gksÅa 'kdras-'kkL=heaMGhapsa ekul'kkL= dPps vkgas- ekul'kkL=kuqlkj izR;{k n'kZukpk ifj.kkeQkj Hk;kudfg gksÅa 'kdrks] gkosGsdkGspk xq.k vkgs- euq"; eksgxzLrdsOgak vkf.k dskBsa gksbZy ;kpkrdZ'kkL=h; fu;e ukgh-;qf/kf"Bj dkSjoakph izpaM r;kjh vkf.k O;wg-jpukikgwu Hk;Hkhr >kyk vkgs- vtqZukph fLFkrh r'khukgh- fot;kfo"k;ha R;kyk la'k; ukgh- rks iw.kZ

fuHkZ; vkgs- leksj vl.kkjs 'k=wi{k rjvkgsrp i.k gas lxGs vxnh toGpsaftokHkkokpas vkIrs"V vkgsr vkf.kR;akuk ekjkos ykx.kkj Eg.kwu rksO;kdwG ÷kkyk vkgs- rj ex gsa


65

R;kyk vxksnj ekghr uOgrsa dak\iqUgk rksp izÜu fQ:u vkyk- vpsrueuakrhy xqIrlqIr eksgtky dsOgak izdV gksbZy

;kph psru eukyk d/khfg dYiuk;sÅa 'kdr ukgh-


66

¿-8Àcq)dkykiwoh± ^Hkkjr*-xzaFk r;kj >kyk- ;k-HkkjrakrxZrxhrsyk ewG xhrk EgVyh tkrs- okLrfod gh ewGxhrk uOgsa- rj ^t;* xzUFkakr lekfo”V >kysyh loZ

izFkeph xhrk gh [kjh ewG xhrk vkgs- vlasvlrakfg laLdj.k >kysyh xhrk ghcq)dkykiwoh± 1 gtkj o”ks± vfLrÙoakrgksrh( ;klkBha ^t;* xzaFkkpk lanHkZlksMwu frykp ewG xhrk EgVyh tkrs-

[kjh fLFkrh v’kh vkgs dha] ^t;* xzaFk ornUrxZr xhrk] uarj ^t;k* oj laLdj.k gksÅur;kj >kysyk ^Hkkjr* ^xzaFk vkf.k rnUrxZr xhrk ;knksUghafg vkt txrhryko:u u”V >kY;k vkgsr-iwoh± eqnz.kdyk uOgrh- xzaFk gkrkusa udywu ?ksrvlr- ukyank vkf.k r{k’khyk ;k fo|kihBakP;kxzaFkky;akr vls gLrfyf[kr xzaFk gtkjksauh gksrs-xzaFkakph laLdj.ksa dj.îkkph i)fr ;k Hkkjro”kk±riwohZiklwu gksrh- laLdj.k Eg.kts viikB dk<.ksa]‘kq)ikB ?kky.ksa- ljGlk/ks ‘kCn dk<.ksa] rsFksavf/kd O;kid vkf.k xgu vFkZ lekos’kd


67

‘kCnkaph ;kstuk dj.ksa oxSjs- vls gsa ikBla’kks/kuEg.kts laLdj.k- vktP;k Hkk”ksar cksyk;ps >kY;kl

^t;* xzaFkkph ewG vk’k;kyk /kDdku ykorka lq/kkfjr vko`fÙk lw=dkyakrr;kj >kyh- Eg.kts bloh lu iwoZ3500 o”ks± vFkok cq)iwoZ 1000o”ks±- vkf.k v’kh gh lok±xlqanj vko`fÙk r;kj>kY;koj ewG xzaFkakP;k udyk dj.îkkdMs nqyZ{k gksrxsyas- uarj-uarj R;kaP;k udyk dj.ksafg deh-dehgksr tkÅu uarjP;k fi<hpsa R;kdMs nyZ{k >kY;keqGsars xzaFk fdMhP;k] okGohP;k Hk{kLFkkuha iMwu u”V>kys- vkt?kMhyk ^Hkkjr* xzaFkkoj laLdj.k gksÅur;kj >kysyk êgkHkkjr* gk ,o<k ,dp xzaFk

miyC/k vkgs- gas egkHkkjr cq)fuokZ.kkuarjblohluiwoZ 400 P;k lqekjkl r;kj>kyas vkgas- gas fg egkHkkjrkpas nqljsa laLdj.kvlkos vlk ek>k Lorkpk rdZ vkgs] rks pwdfgvl.îkkph ‘kD;rk x`fgr /k:u eh gsa ek>as euksxr

O;ä dsyas vkgas- vkt vki.kkl miyC/kvlysyh 700 ‹yksdakph xhrk ;k


68

egkHkkjrakr lekfo”V vkgs- xhrsojhy‘k³~djkpk;k±psa lokZr izkphu Hkk”;] R;akr 700‹yksdakph xhrk izek.k ekuyh vkgs- vkpk;k±pkdk;Zdky bloh lu 700 uarj ;srks- egkHkkjr xzaFkr;kj >kY;koj 1100 o”kk±uh ¼400$700½

vkpk;k±pk dk;Zdky lq:a gksrks- blohluiwoZ400 iklwu blohlukuarj 19 O;k‘krdki;ZUr Eg.kts 2300 o”ks±i;ZUrxhrsP;k-- 700- ‹yksdakP;k gLr-fyf[krakph ijaijk vfofPNé pkywgksrh- uarj eqnz.kdyk vkY;koj 20 O;k

‘krdki;ZUr yk[kks xzaFk Nkiwu fu?kkys- iwohZP;kdkGha mÙkeksÙke xzaFk udywu ?ksÅu rsvkiY;k xzaFklaxzgakr Bso.ksa ghJhearakphp dkesa gksrha- mÙke ys[kfudclowu vkf.k R;akuk---xzUFkakpha ikusaokVwu nsÅu rh udywu ?;koh ykxr-gsa eksBs d”Vkpsa dke vlas- R;klkBha


69

eku/kufg mnkjgLrsa |kos ykxr vlsa-eqnz.kdyk vkY;kiklwu vki.k Qkj ,snh >kyks- pkj

vksGh fyfg.kas vkiY;k thokoj ;sras- iwohZP;kyksdakpsa lxGsp thou fdrh d”Vkpsagksras! ,o<as d”V ?ksÅu brdha o”ks±R;akuh gk vewY; Bsok izR;sddky[k.Makr tiwu Bsoyk( R;akpsa gsa_.k d/kharjh fQVsy dak\ R;akP;k ;k_.kakrwu d/khafg mrjkbZ gksrk ;s.kkj ukgha- rsa lnSof’kjha /kjkoas vkf.k vJw <kGkosr] vkf.k rasiql.îkkpasfg dks.kakr lkeF;Z ulkoas] v’kh fLFkrhvkgs-

iwohZP;k dkGha xzaFk udywu ?ks.îkkpas dk;Zefguksefgus pkyr vlsa] d”Vfg Qkj vlr vkf.knzO;fg cjsp [kpZ gksr vlas- R;kdkGha ys[kukphfo’ks”k v’kh dlyhfg lqfo/kk uOgrh- ek>s vktksckfo|kO;klaxh gksrs- dqBwu-dqBwu pkaxys-pkaxys xzaFkvk.khr vkf.k jkst 4@5 rkl clwu rs udywu ?ksr

vlr- R;kosGha ikusa eksdGh Eg.ktslqVh vlr- R;koj oj vkf.k [kkyh


70

v’kk nksu QGîkk vlk;P;k( uarj rksxzaFk jaxhr tkM dkiMakr cak/kwuBsok;pk( R;kyk cklu Eg.kr-vktkscakP;kosGha cktjh tkGk;phuarj rh xksMîkkrsyakr [kyk;phvko’îkd rsOg<h rh ikrG djk;ph(ex fpuhekrhP;k ,dk nkSrhar Hk:urh ‘kkbZ Eg.kwu okijyh tkr vls-uarj cks: ?ksÅu rks fuQklkj[kkfNyk;pk]-’kkbZ mrj.îkklkBha e?;saFkksMk fpjk;pk dha] >kyh ys[k.khr;kj- nkSr-Vkd uarj vkys-ofMyakP;kosGsiklwu gs nkSr-Vkd vkys-cktjhph ‘kkbZ] cks:] tkM fioGljdkxn vkf.k okr eksBh dsysyhxksMîkkrsykph lebZ- cl~] gs ,o<spys[ku lkfgR;- ;so<îkk vYi


71

lkfgR;koj vktkscakuh R;akP;kvk;q”;akr vusd xzaFk udywu ?ksrysgksrs- vktksck fyfgr vlrakuk ekÖ;kckGi.kha eh c?kr cls- vktkscakpsav{kj Qkj oG.knkj gksras- fdrh d”ViMr vlr R;kosGha! gsa vkrak /;kuha;sras- vkt vkeP;klkj[ks ,snh vkf.k fudkehyksd] R;k vkEgkyk fu;rhusa >sjkWDlpsa dsOg<sojnku fnyas vkgsa( d”V ukgh R;kekukus [kpZ ukgh-

gas vlas ojnku iwohZP;k yksdakukfeGkyas vlras rj R;akuh R;kpas lksuasdsyas vlras- nsokP;k ?kjpk U;k;fgfofp=p vkgs- jRurqY; vl.kkjsiwohZps yksd] R;akuk ys[kukph fo’ks”kv’kh dlyhfg lqfo/kk uOgrh-;kmyV vkt vkeP;klkj[;kukyk;dakuk eqnz.k;a=sa] >sjkWDl]dkWEI;qVj] vkf.k lebZP;k ekukus


72

dsOg<k eksðk mtsM! tquk dkGvkf.k vkÙkkpk dkG vkBoykEg.kts Qkj okbZV okVrs- eh usgehpjk=hP;k ‘kakrosGha fyghr clrks- d/kh,dknsosGha ;k tqU;k vkBo.kh izd”kkZustkx`r gksrkr- dk; lakxw\ R;kosGhaeh vksDlkHkks{kh jMr clrks-^^-Eg.kwfu vfuokj gsa u;uokfj tsaokgrsa A vls vgg! ‘kä dakdo.kfg fVik;kl rsaAA** gs ys[kdkWEI;qVjoj eh Lork VkbZi dsysvkgsr- dkWEI;qVj gsa dlysa vöqrfo‹o vkgas! nsoyksdhpk Rkks dYio`{kvkgs- dso<îkk dYiukrhar lqfo/kkvkgsr R;akr! Ekyk ekÖ;k ofMyakphvkf.k vktkscakph vkBo.k gksrs-îkfGyas iksf’kyas ykfo;yk yGk*


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vlk rqEgh ek>k lakHkkG dsyk- nq%[k,o<as eksBas vkgas dha] ek>as gsa LoxhZ;oSHko ikg.îkkl rs vkt g;kr ukghr-fxjh’kakps ‘kCnakr] ^^d”Vys rs c?k.îkkl vkt ukghAonqfu la;feys vJq r;as dakghaAA**


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¿-9Àla'ksk/ku osxGsa vkf.k dYiususa fyfg.ksa

osxGas- dYiuk dksGîkkP;k tkGîkkizek.ksa loax vlrsrj la’kks/ku e/kkP;k iksGîkkizek.ksa ifjJekusa ifjiw.kZgksrsa- la’kks/kukyk okLrokpk HkDde vk/kkj vlrksrj dYiuk dYiukfoÜoakrp jeek.k gksrsa- ;keqGsa^^tks ts efr lkiMyk r;kl rsfp izkIr** v’khfLFkrh izkIr gksrs- ;kyk fo}Ùkk Eg.kr ukghr]O;klax Eg.kr ukghr- loZlk/kkj.k f’kdysyk ek.kwlfpÙkos/kd dYiuk d:a ‘kdrks- R;kpk fo}Ùks’khadkMhbrdkfg laca/k ulrks- ;keqGsap fo}}js.îkakP;kleqnk;akr R;kyk doMh brdsfg ewY; ulrsa-

vktP;k xxuos/kh foKku-;qxakr foKkuklaca/khvxnh xf.krkxr i)rhusa dkVsdksji.ksa cksykos ykxrsa-rsFkas dYiusuas cksy.kkÚ;kyk dkukyk /k:u gkdywunsrhy- ;kp foKku-;qxakr rÙoKku] /keZ] lekt’kkL=;k fo”k;akr gas dYiuk-lkezkT; eksdkVi.ksa ok<rasvkgsa- ;kpk ifj.kke Eg.kwu jíM ok³~e;kpk loZ=lqGlqGkV >kyk vkgs-


75

,dk|kyk ,dk|k fo”k;klaca/kha HkékV dYiuk;srs- yxsp miVlqaHkklkj[kk rks e/;sap mBwu mHkkjkgrks- t.kwa lk{kkRdkj Ogkok v’kk FkkVakr R;kdYiuasrwu dksGîkkizek.ksa u;ujE; vöqr tkGsa fuekZ.kdjrks- lkekU;tu R;keqGsa Hkkjkorkr] eksfgrgksrkr vkf.k ,d xk<k vH;kld o la’kks/kdEg.kwu R;kyk inohfg cgky d:u Vkdrkr-

;qjksih; iafMrakP;k vQkV fo|kO;klaxkykHkqywu vkiY;kdMhy xqyke esanwpk mPP;fo|kfoHkwf”kr leqnk;] nqlÚ;k Hkk”ksar ^;g xqykeksadhyach drkj* okVsyrlyk /kqMxwl ?kkywu jkfgyhvkgs- ;kpha ‘ksdMkas mnkgj.ksa vkgsr-

ifgyas mnkgj.k teZu iafMr MkW- ykWfjUljpas igk-R;kyk MkWDVjsV gh mik/kh gksrh- blohlu 1869lkyha MkW- ykWfjUljusa xhrspas Hkk”kakrj vkf.k VhdkRedfoospu dsyas vkgas- R;ake/;sa R;kus vdysps vkf.kdYiusps rkjs dls rksMys vkgsr Rksa igk] rksEg.krks]^^f[zkLr ;k ukaoko:u Ñ”.k gh LkaKk :<>kyh- R;kpizek.ks ^;s’kqf[zkLr* ;k iw.kZ Ukakoko:upÑ”.kkyk ^;’kksnspk Ñ”.k* gas uako izkIr >kysa gksras-R;kusa xhrk vkf.k ck;cy -;akrhy lekukFkZdLFkGsa ’kaHkjkgwu vf/kd nk[kfoyh vkgsr- fo’ks”kr%


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ck;cypk uok djkj vkf.k (Surman on themount) ^^;s’kwph fxjhojhy izopusa** ;akrwu R;kykrh feGkyh vkgsr- R;akrhy fdR;sd lkE;LFkGsadekyhph foy{k.k vkf.k vfr’k; euudj.îkklkj[kh vkgsr- fdR;sd LFkGsa uqlrhlekukFkZdp ukghar rj ‘kCn’k% vxnh ,dlkj[khpvkgsr-

R;kP;k -la’kks/kukpk vkf.k lknj dsysY;kizca/kkpk fu”d”kZ vlk dha] fganqLFkkue/;sa Lor%pasvlas dakghap ukgha- R;kuas vkeP;kdMwup loZmluokjh dsysyh vkgs- t.kwa vki.k fuohZjeqfoZrye~dsyas vls letwu vkf.k vkrak LoxZ nksup cksVsmjyk vkgs v’kk ?kesaMhr rks [kq’khar xktjsa [kkrgksrk- ek= ;k la’kks/kukuas vkiyh ukpDdh gksbZy gsfcP;kÚ;k ykWfjUljP;k LoIuakrfg vkysa ulsy i.kizR;{kakr ek= rls ?kMyas [kjsa !

T;k ns’kakr f[kzLr tUekl vkyk R;kns'kakrhy ;gqnh /keZ eqGakr deZiz/kku gksrk- R;akrf[zkLrtUekiwoh± 200 o”ks± vpkud ^,lhu* gklaU;k’kakpk iaFk fuekZ.k >kyk- gs laU;klhe`rleqnzkP;k if’pe fdukÚ;koj eB LFkkiwu jkgrgksrs- vkf.k vkiyk dkG ‘kkari.ksa Kkulk/kusar


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O;rhr djhr gksrs- ck;cyP;k uO;k djkjakrlaU;kl /kekZpsa tas o.kZu vkgas] mnkgj.kkFkZ ^^lqbZP;kus<îkkrwu ,dosG maV tkbZy ek= laiÙkhpk laxzgdj.kkÚ;k /kuokukyk nsokP;k jkT;akr d/khfg izos’kfeG.kkj ukgh-** ;k laU;Lr o`Ùkhpsa ewG ;k ,lhuiaFkki;ZUr tkras- gk laU;klh iaFk ;gqnh /kek±rwuØekØekusa fodflr >kyk vls eqGhp fnlr ukgh-;kmyV gk vdLekr~ -fuekZ.k >kyk] vls Eg.kkyrj txkP;k /kesZfrgklakr v’kh ,dfg uksan ukgh-dkj.k izR;sd iaFkkpk mxe gk lkiMrksp- fganqLFkkuakrcq)fuokZ.kkuarjfg ckS)/keZ o`f)axr gksrp jkfgyk-R;akrhy f’k”;izf’k”;akpk feGwu izpaM leqnk; fuekZ.k>kyk- vkrak ;k iaFkakr /keZizpkjkpk vkf.k izlkjkpkfopkj ewG /k:a ykxyk- uarj rks iq<s cGkortkÅu ckS)fHk{kwaP;k /keZifj”knakr oknax lq:a >kysvkf.k ;kpk varhe ifj.kke Eg.kwu ;k fHk{kwaP;kizpaM leqnk;akr m?kMi.ksa nksu rV iMys] nksu iaFkfuekZ.k >kys- ,d ghu;ku iaFk rj nqljk egk;kuiaFk- ghu;ku iaFk gsa ifjiw.kZ] fo’kq) ckS) rÙoKkuvkgsa- ek= nq%[kkph xks”V v’kh dha] Hkkjro”kk±r vktR;kpk ekxewlfg ukgh- rsa iw.kZi.ksa yksi ikoysa vkgsa-cq) rÙoKku vkf.k R;kph /;ku Ik)fr brdhvewrZ ¼Abstract½ gksrh dha] fof’k”B ;ksX;rsP;kO;‰hp ckS) iaFkkps vuq;k;h gksÅa ‘kdrkr- Ikk=


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O;‰haP;k vHkkoh gsa rÙoKku gosrp jkg.îkkpkLakHko vlY;keqGsa ;kps ik; tfeuhyk ykx.ks ‘kD;uOgrs- ;kcjkscjp /keZizpkjkP;k fopkjkpkfg TkskjnkjiqjLdkj gksr gksrk- ;kpk esG dlk ?kky.kkj\LkoZlkekU; ek.klke/;sa /keZizpkjklkBha] R;kpk ,ddk;ZØe gks.îkkl] R;kyk ,d ewrZ:Ik ns.ksa Hkkx gksrsa-i.k ;keqGsa fo’kq) cq) rÙoKku v’kq) gks.îkkpklaHko vkgs] gkfg frrdkp rqY;cy fopkj gksrk-ek= gk /kksdk iRd:ufg loZlkekU; ek.klkar /keZ-izpkj dj.îkkpk fopkjfg ekxs gVr uOgrak-

v’kk ijLij fojks/kh oSpkfjd vaknksyukeqGsa ;kckS) fHk{kwaP;k izpaM leqnk;akr ekxs lakfxrY;k-izek.ks nksu iaFk fuekZ.k >kys- ifgyk egk;ku iaFkEg.kts eksBk leqnk; vlysyk jktekXkkZlkj[kkiaFk rj nqljk LFkfojoknh]& vlysyh fLFkrh ulksM.kkjk & vxnh deh yksdakpk iaFk- vkrak gkegk;ku iaFk d’kkP;k vk/kkjsa ckS) /kekZyk ewrZ :Ikns.kkj\ dkj.k cq) /kek±r vlk ,dfg xzaFk ukgh-;klkBha /kekZckgs:u enr ?ks.ks Hkkx gksrs-

cq)tUekiwohZ 1 gtkj o”ks±HkkjrkUrxZr xhrk vfLrÙoakr gksrh-cz„fuokZ.k gk xhrspk [kkl ‘kCn- cq)kusa R;akrwudsoG fuokZ.k ,o<kp ‘kCn ?ksryk] gh cq)/kekZph


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[kjh [kkfl;r vkgs- ekSt v’kh dha] v’kk udkjkojmHkk vlY;keqGsa cq)/keZ iw.kkZFkkZusa fo/kk;d vkgs-cq)kuarj ,dk ‘krdkps vakrp egkHkkjr xzaFk r;kj

>kyk- vkt miyC/k vlysyh xhrkblohluiwoZ 400 iklwu vxnh vktvlysY;k Lo:iakrp vfLrRokrgksrh- lezkV v’kksdkP;k dkGakr Eg.kts b-l-iwoZ200 o”ks±] fuekZ.k >kysY;k ;k egk;ku iaFkkyk]cq)/kekZyk ewrZ:Ik ns.îkkl xhrsf’kok; vU;Ik;kZ;p uOgrak dkj.k rso<k izHkkoh vkf.k yksdekU;xzaFk R;kosGha fganqLFkkuakr miyC/k uOgrak- ;keqGsa—“.kkpsa ,soth cq)kpas uako ?kkywu egk;ku iaFkkusxhrspsa vxnh ljGljG vuqdj.k d:u vkiysxzaFk fl) dsys- vktfg gs xzaFk miyC/k vkgsr-l)eZiqaMjhd] fefyaniz’u] fou;ihVd bR;kfn-iiii-vysD>akMjP;k Lokjhuarj lezkV v’kksdkP;kdkGakr Eg.kts f[zkLriwoZ 200 o”k±s] egk;kuiUFkakrhy gs ;fr gtkjksaP;k la[;sus ckS/n/keZ izpkjkFkZfganqLFkkuakrwu pkjh fn’kakuh ckgsj iMys- phu] tiku]baMksusf’k;k] flyksu ;k cktwl cjsp lewg xsys-v’kksdkph cgh.k la?kfe=kfg ;klkBha flyksue/;saxsyh gksrh- dakgha ;rhaps lewg bftIr] vysD>akfMª;k


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vkf.k ;gqnh ns’kakr rlsp xzhli;ZUr iljys- rsFkasfdR;sd o”ks± rs LFkkf;d >kys- dakgha ;rhauh ijr;k;ps] nqlÚ;akuh rsFksa tk;ps vls ;k ckS) ;rhapasvkokxeu f[zkLr tUekuarjfg vusd o”ks± pkyw gksrsavlsa fnlras- f[zkLrtUekP;kosGha iwosZdMhy dakghaKkuh iq:”k ts:lyse ;sFks xsys gksrs- vlkck;cye/;sa mYys[k vkgs- gs Kkuh iq:”k Eg.ktsvf/kdkjh ckS) ;rhp gksrs- ;kuarjph xks”V v'khdha] o;kP;k 12 o”kk±iklwu 30 o”kk±Ik;ZUr ;s’kw dksBsxsyk gksrk vkf.k dk; djhr gksrk ;kpkck;cye/;sa vftckr mYys[k ukgh- o;kP;k 30o”kk±uarj v[ksji;ZUrpk ri’khy ck;cye/;salaiw.kZ vkgs- ;k e/kY;k dkGakr rks-ckS) ;rhaP;klgoklakr vlyk ikfgts- gk 18 o”kk±pk dkG R;kusvH;kl] fparu] euu vkf.k /;ku/kkj.ksar O;rhrdsyk vlyk ikfgts- R;kosGha ckS) ;rhaps xzaFk] ekxslkafxrY;kizek.ks ljGljG xhrkp gksrh- v’kkizdkjs;s’kwyk laU;kl /kekZph nh{kk feGkyh vkf.k ckS);rhaP;k xzaFkkeqGsa i;kZ;kus ;s’kwyk xhrspsp l[kksyv/;;u ?kMysa--vkf.k LokHkkfodi.ks xhrsph laiw.kZNki ck;cyoj iMyh- xhrsarhy fu”dke deZ;ksxlsokdk;kZP;k :ikuas ck;cye/;sa ifjofrZr >kyk-ck;cye/khy ,dw.k rÙoKku laU;klekxhZpvlY;kps fnlrsa--ek= xhrsarhy Hkähph tksM R;kyk


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feGkY;keqGsa ras ân;axe >kyas vkgas- vkrak /;kuha;sbZy dha] ^,lhu* ;k laU;klh iaFkkpas ewGfgf[zkLrkiwohZ 200 o”ks± ckS) ;rhapk jfgokl vkf.kvkokxeu gsap gksras- ;k lxGîkk la’kks/kukpsa vrheQfyr Eg.kwu mluokjh dks.kh dks.kkph dsyh] gsaekÖ;kersa vkrak osxGs lakx.îkkph vko’îkdrkpmjyh ukgh- ;kpk ifj.kke vlk >kyk dha]fo}}jsa.îkakP;k leqnk;akr MkW- ykWfjUljyk vkiys rksaMnk[kfo.ks eqf”dy >kyas- R;kus mBfoysyh Hkqrsav[ksj R;kP;kp xGîkakr iMrhy gs fcP;kÚ;kykWfjUljP;k LoIuakrfg vkys ulsy! i.k izR;{kakrek= rls ?kMys [kjs! R;kus vkiY;k ik;kojvkiY;kp gkrkuas /kksaMk ikMwu ?ksryk- ;klkBha iw.kZla’kks/kukvarha vkiyk fu”d”kZ tkghj djkok- mxhpHkyHkyR;k dYiuk d:u cq)hph fnokG[kksjhtkghj d:a u;s vkf.k vkiY;k ykMD;k dYiukvkiY;k eryckoj voyacwu vlrkr gsvksG[k.îkkl f’kdkos- bfr ykWfjUlj iqjk.ksaizFkeks?;k;%AA


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¿-10ÀteZuharhy MkW- ykWfjUljpsa mnkgj.k vki.k ikfgysa-

- vkrak vkiY;k iq.îkuxjharhy gsa mnkgj.k igk&dksyafc;k ;qfuOgflZVhps MkWDVj vkWQ fyVjspjiq.îkkps x- Jh- [kSj- ek.kwl rlk pakxyk vkgs-‘kS{kf.kd {ks=akr vkf.k fo’ks”kr% îq.ks fo|kFkhZ x`g*;k laLFksar R;akpsa dk;Z Qkj rksykeksykps vlwufpjLFkk;h vkgs- ek= ,dkns osGha ,o<k mPpfo|k-foHkwf”kr ek.kwlfg dlk osMsi.kk djrks] R;kpsamnkgj.k Eg.kwu ukbyktkus x- Jh- [kSjakpsp uako?;kos ykxsy- [kSjakuh dYiusP;k okoMîkk mMowu,dsdkGha iq.îkke/;sa Lor%pk [kwi eksBk cksyckykdsyk gksrk- rqeP;k dYiusyk dakgha vk/kkj udksdk\ izkphu ijaijspk rqEgakl fdrh ifjp; vkgs;kpk dlykfg vkxkihNk u Bsorak vxnhp f<lwGik;koj R;akuh vkiY;k la’kks/kukpk Mksykjk mHkkdsyk- R;kpsa uako ^^frjaxh xhrk** R;kyk lgk¸;dEg.kwu R;akuh dakgha iqfLrdk vkf.k ,d eksBsiqLrdfg fyfgysa] T;akr [kjks[kj dakgha rF; ukgha-;klaca/kha ri’khyakrhy gdhdr v’kh vkgs&

MWk- [kSj vusd o”ks± xhrk okphr gksrs- ek=,dkp xhrsar ;K] deZ] Hkf‰] Kku vkf.k /;ku


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;akph f[kpMh d’kh\ gh leL;k R;akuk dkghdsY;klqVsuk- v[ksj dksyafc;k ;qfuOgflZVhar vlrakukR;akP;koj vesfjdu cq)hpk&tsElysu izek.ks&tksixMk clyk gksrk] R;kpk loZHkkosa Lohdkj d:uvkf.k ;k leL;sps ,d ?kko nksu rqdMs d:u R;akuhfrpk dk;epk rVdkp rksMyk vls EgVY;kl rsapwd B:a u;sa- R;kpsa vlsa >kysa dha] xhrspk vusdo”ks± O;klax dsY;koj ,d fnol R;akuk vpkudlk{kkRdkj >kyk- vkfdZfeMht izek.ks lkiMysalkiMysa Eg.kr R;akuk gsa dksMsa lqVysa- izkr%le;kykve`riku djhr vlrak gk peRdkj ?kMyk- ;kvpkV la’kks/kukpsa HkkXîk ,dVs [kSj lksMys rj Hkkjr-o”kk±r dks.kkP;kp uf’kcha uOgrsa- ;k la’kks/kukpsvki.k ,deso iz.ksrs vkgksr vkf.k ;kpsa lxGsa Js;vki.kklp vkgsa] v’kk FkkVakr [kSj iq.îkakr oko:aykxys- 18 O;k ‘krdakr ;qjksie/;sa teZu iafMr izks-^xkcsZ* ;kus vxnh vlsp la’kks/ku dsysa gksrsa-dnkfpr~ [kSjakuh R;kpsa iqLrd okpysa ulsy vFkokfdrh yksd ;qjksih; fo|kihBakrhy iqLrdsa okprkr\v’kk cseqoZr[kksj o`Ÿkhusa R;akuh R;akpsa gas la’kks/kunMiwu fnysa vlsy- ,o<s ek= [kjsa dha] gsa vlysala’kks/ku ;k iq.îkuxjharhy vkckyo`)akuh izFkepvuqHkfoysa- R;kosGha iq.îkakr [kwi xksa/kG ektykgksrk- [kSjakuh vkiysa cgqeksy la’kks/ku izFker%


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yksdakiq<s eakMysa] R;akr R;akpsa ifgysa iqLrd Eg.kts^^ frjaxh xhrk ** ;akr R;akuh NikbZ -djrakuk rhuizdkjph ‘kkbZ okijyh vkgs- fgjoh] fuGh vkf.kyky- R;akps Eg.k.ksa vlsa dha] fujfujkGîkkdky[k.Makr ,d] nksu uOgsa] rj rhu ys[kdakuhvkikiY;k fopkjakph Hkj xhrsar ?kkryh vkgs- ;krhu ys[kdakuh Hkj ?kkrysys ‹yksd lGfelG d:uegkHkkjrdkjkusa 700 ‹yksd vkf.k 18 v/kk;akpsa gsapksiMs R;akr lekfo”V dsysa- gs rhu ys[kd dks.k\—“.k}Sik;u] ijk’kj vkf.k cknjk;.k dk\ eqGhpukgh- gosar xksGîkk ekj.ksa vk/kqfud fo}ku yksdakukQkj pakxys lk/krsa- rhu Eg.kts rhu- [kSjakP;k izxYHkcq)har vorjysys rhu ys[kd- R;akuh ,dkpv/;k;akr rhu jax okijys vkgsr- fdR;sd fBdk.kha,dkp ikuakr rhu jax vkgsr- ,d ‹yksd ,dk jaxkrrj iq<hy 4 ‹yksd nqlÚ;k jaxkr] uarjps dakghafrlÚ;k jaxkr rj ‘ksoVpk ,dkn-nqljk ifgY;kfdaok nqlÚ;k jaxkr- rhu jax rhu ys[kdakuk okVwufnysr- ;k rhu ys[kdkiSdha dks.kdks.krs ‹yksddks.kdks.kR;k ys[kdkps vkgsr gs [kSjakuhNkrhBksdi.ksa lakfxrys vkgs- dso<k nakMxk gkvkRefo‹okl! gsa v?kfVr —R; [kSjp d:a tk.ks!izR;{k osnO;klakuhfg vlysa ckSf)d lkglnk[kfo.îkkph fgaer dsyh ulrh- rh [kSjakuh yhy;k


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d:u nk[kfoyh- ,d efgU;kis{kakfg tkLr dkGiq.îkke/;sa R;akP;k —“.kyhyslkj[;k yhyk pkywgksR;k- ;akr ,d ekSt v’kh dha] dlykfgrÚgsokbZd ek.kwl vlyk rjh R;kph rGh mpywu/kj.kkjs R;kyk HksVrkrp- ;kuqlkj iq.îkakrhy cjspinoh/kkjd Jh- [kSj ;akP;k xksVakr lkehy >kys-[kSjakpk mRlkg ok<yk- vkrak R;akuh tkghj O;k[;kusalq:a dsyha- R;keqGsa vk.k[khup dYyksG ektyk- eh,dnak iq.îkkl xsyks vlrak Û;w iwuk cqd Msiks* pslsYleu eyk Eg.kkys] ^^vgks! rqEgakl dGysa dk\rs [kSjakpa >ksacV mHkk jkfgya; iq.îkakr! Hkyk xksa/kGektyk;!** ‘kkL=hiafMr Eg.kk;ps] ^^[kSjklkj[;kosMîkkfijkeqGsa lkekU; yksd xksa/kGys vlys rjhvkEgakl dakghap Qjd iMr ukgh-** ek= vlas R;akuhnqyZ{k dsY;koj yksd filkGys- ^^[kSjak** uk ns.îkklrqeP;kik’kha mŸkj ukgha Eg.kwu rqEgh rksaMsa yiorak**vlas rs vkrak m?kMi.ksa Eg.kwa ykxys- v’kh QkjpvkjMkvksjM gksÅa ykxY;koj ‘kk³~djrŸoKkukpsHkh”ekpk;Z vlk T;akpk egkjk”VªHkj uakoykSfdd vkgsrs iafMr tksx’kkL=h j.kakx.kakr mrjys vkf.k^^xk³~xs; dksik p<yk dlk js\A T;k ekfurh gkfp—rkUr lkjsAA** v’kk FkkVakr tksx’kkL=h ;akuhdsljhe/;sa vksGhus 5@6 Hkys eksBs ys[k fyfgysvkf.k [kSjakpk û Hkwrks u Hkfo”;fr* vlk lekpkj


86

?ksryk- vfr’k; dMd ‘kCnakr] vxnh eqÌslwn R;akuhR;akph cksMUrh dsyh vkf.k R;akph v{kj’k% HkacsjhmMoyh- okD;kokD;kxf.kd [kSjakP;k la’kks/kuakrhyQksyi.kk vR;Ur ij[kMi.ksa eakMyk- ;kizek.ks 5@6fnol gs eksBeksBs ys[k dsljhar vkys- ifgY;kfno’kha iq.îkake/;sa dsljh gkrksgkr [kiyk- iq.îkakr 11oktys dha] dsljh feGrp uls- ‘ksoVha dsljhuas ;k5@6 ys[kakph ,d iqfLrdkp dk<yh- frP;kfdR;sd gtkj izrh [kiY;k-

vkrak ek= [kSjakpsa eq[kca/ku >kysa vkf.k ;kpkifj.kke Eg.kwu [kSjakph iq.îkakrhy tkghj O;k[;kusacan >kyh- uarj rs can [kksyhar clwu vkf.k NksVîkkiqfLrdk fygwu uqlrs fVjfVj djhr jkfgys-

vkrak rj ;k xnkjksGkpk vkf.k oknkpk /kqjkGkiw.kZi.ksa [kkyha clyk vkgs- yksd vkrak [kSjakukvkf.k R;akP;k frjaxh xhrsyk fol:ufg xsys vkgsr-vkrak gh ^ frjaxh xhrk * xzaFkky;akP;k dikVakph‘kksHkk ok<ohr vkgs- R;akP;kosGha R;akph dakghayksdakuh rGh mpywu /k:ufg [kSjakP;k g;krharR;akuk ,dfg vuq;k;h feGkyk ukgh- bfr Jh- [kSjiqjk.ksa f}rh;ks/;k;%AA


87

¿-11Àfrljsa mnkgj.k ,o<s egRokpsa ukgh( i.k dakghadkj.kkeqGsa rsa fopkj djko;kl yko.kkjsa vkgs- jkT;ljdkjh [kkR;akr mPpinLFk vlysys xW>sVsMvWkfQlj Jh- dqyd.khZ- muds fnekxesa ,d ludlokj gks x;hA R;akuh xhrsojhy 5@25 iqLrdsaokpwu vkiyk ,d fuca/k & Lor%psp iSls ?kkywu]dso<k mRlkg! & ^^ loZlaxzkgd xhrk ** ;k uakokusaizfl) dsyk- brir Bhd vkgs- R;akuk tsa okVysa rsR;akuh izkekf.kdi.ksa fyfgysa- ek÷îkklkj[kk pkGwuikghy vkf.k nsbZy Bsowu cktwyk- fo”k; laiyk-i.k gk fo”k; ;sFksa lair ukgh Eg.kwu rj foLrkjkusafygkos ykxr vkgs- ;k fuca/kkyk izLrkouk fnyhvkgs vkpk;Zdqykps v/o;qZ îa<jiqjs’kkL=h* ;akuh],d iw.kZ ikuHkj] f’kok; rhfg laL—re/;sa- vkgsdha] ukgha peRdkj!

xhrspk v/;kfRed uOgsa rj lkekftd vk’k;tkLr egRokpk vkgs] vlk gk tkokbZ’kks/k Jh-dqyd.khZ ;akuh vkiY;k fuca/kakr eakMyk vkgs- ;kfuca/kakr Jh- dqyd.khZ ;akph dkMhek=fg fo}Ÿkkfnlr ulwu rs ,d mP; inoh/kj vkgsr ,o<hpxks”V izd”kkZusa tk.kors- v/;kRe d’kk’kh [kkrkr


88

;kpk R;akuk dakghafg iŸkk ukgh- ;kiq<hy xaer v’khdha]---ia<jiqjs’kkL=haP;k izLrkouspk vkf.k fuca/kakrhyeq[; vk’k;kpk dakghafg laca/k ukgh--fuOoG iksdGLrqrh dsyh vkgs- Jh dqyd.khZ iS’kkus etcwrvlY;keqGsa ¼nks?ksfg ns’kLFk _Xosnh R;keqGsa ghdqaMyh tqGrs½ ia<jiqjs ‘kkL=hapk f[klk R;akuhpakxykp xje dsyk vlsy- fdaok vkiY;kO;klaxkpsa vkf.k R;kcjkscjp laLÑr Hkk”ksojhyizHkqRokpsa izn’kZu dj.îkkph vfuokj mehZia<jiqjs’kkL=h ;akuk >kyh vlsy( ;k nksuxks”Vhf’kok; ;k ?kVuspk nqljk dqBykp vUo;kFkZykxr ukgh- ras iqLrd vkt ettoG ukgh- ghxks”V 30 o”kk±iwoh±ph vkgs- R;kposGsyk rsa iqLrd eh,dk okpuky;kyk brj dakgha iqLrdkcjkscj nsÅuVkdysa- R;keqGsa laLÑr izLrkouspk tso<k HkkxLej.kakr vkgs] rks =qfVr Lo:iakr dak gksbZuk eakMrksEg.kts dakgha’kh dYiuk ;sbZy- izLrkouk v’khgksrh&

v;a fuca/k% e;k voyksfdrk okfpr‹pA ,or~dkyi;ZUra fHk™kfHk™k vkpk;SZ%------l osnkuqlkfjr;kO;k[;krk%A rkfu rkfu fo”k;kfu leH;‹pmijfufnZ”V egksn;S% thoufo”k;a y{kh—R;losZ”kakiqjr% LofopkjksiU;kl% —r%A xazFkkjaHks ^fparakiz—fr fl/;Fkk± miksn~?kkra izp{krs* bfr U;k;kuqlkjr%


89

---------fHk™kfHk™k vkpk;kZ.kak ds ds ok iwoZi{kk% rs rsftKklqfHk% ijaij;k v/;srO;k% HkofUrA r=egku~dky% vis{krsA dfydkys rr~ v’kD;izk;Hkofr izkiafpdkuke~A thoukFkZ dygs dks∙ok xzaFk%‘kkfUrnk;d% Hkofr] vYisuSo dkysu bfr ftKklktkxfrZ okjaokja izkiafpdkuak euflA lk ftKklk iw.kkZHkosr~ la{ksir% vusu min~?kkr okpusu lkFkZ xhrkokpusu] bfr es efr%A

bfr dFkf;Rok fojefr Hkonh;%Axks- u- ia<jiqjs’kkL=hvkpk;Z dqy] iq.ks-

,dosG Jh dqyd.khZ ijoMys i.k gkek.kwl eyk ekVîkk okVrks- uqlR;k Hkk”kkizHkqRoakrdk; QrÚ;k vkgs\ ^^cq)hpas oSHko vU; ukgha nqtsa**R;kpas gas vlas ekrsjs vkgs-

‘kkL=lq/kkdj ckiV’kkL=h ;akps HkkPps] v}SrosnkUrkyadkj] tksx’kkL=h vkf.k vkpk;Z dqykpsia<jiqjs‘kkL=h ;akpas r:.ki.kakrhy v/;;uckiV’kkL=h ;akP;ktoGp >kyas- vusd eksBeksBs xzaFkfygwu ckiV’kkL=h ;akph [kjh ijaijk tksx’kkL=h;akuhp pkyfoyh- ;kp tksx’kkL=h ;akpsdMs ,dnakxsyks vlrak ia<jiqjs’kkL=h ;akph izLrkouk vlysysJh- dqyd.khZ ;akps ^loZlaxzkgd xhrk* gsa iqLrdeh R;akuk nk[kfoys vkf.k ,dsdkGps rqeps xq:ca/kq


90

vlysys ia<jiqjs ‘kkL=h vlk m|ksx dlkdk; d:a‘kdrkr Eg.kwu fopkjys- R;koj R;akuh rsa iqLrdFkksMîkkosG pkGysa] ia<jiqjs’kkL=haph izLrkoukfgikfgyh vkf.k Eg.kkys] ^^lk ftKklk iw.kkZ Hkosr~Aiw.kZ dlyh gksbZy] okp.kkjk [kÏîkakr tkbZy** eykQkj glaw vkysa- uarj rs Eg.kkys] ^^,d dke djk-rGsxakoyk tk.îkklkBha f’kokthuxjyk tky uk]R;kosGha jLR;akr iq”dG HksGokys HksVrkr R;akuk gsaiqLrd |k vkf.k R;k iS’kakr pgk I;k- lek/kku rjhfeGsy-** rs ,dp okD; cksyysa] tks ek.kwliS’kkdMs] ykHkkdMs] vFkok uakoykSfddkdMs ikgwufyfgrks rks fo}ku uOgsa] xkoa<G vkgs- uarj rsEg.kkys]

^^ lR;kph dks.kkyk pkMp jkfgyh ukgh-lR;klkBha e`fÙkdkfg Hkf{k.îkkph r;kjh vl.kkjsvki.k( gs loZ vkiY;kcjkscjp tk.kkj vkgs- tx;akrhy dakghafg ?ks.kkj ukgh- iq.îkakrhy ;k v’kkukyk;dakuk eh daVkGyks vkgs-**


91

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92

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93

îkjk'k;Zop%* Eg.kts ijk'kj O;klakphok.kh- izFke —".k}Sik;u O;kl] uarj ijk'kj O;kl]R;kuarj oS'kaik;u O;kl v'kh gh ijaijk 'kqd]lqearq] iSyi;ZUr fVdwu gksrh-

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94

16 O;k v/;k;akr nSoh vkf.k vklqjh laiŸkhpheakM.kh dsyh vkgs- dkSjo Eg.kts dekZlDr] ew<]jktl-rkel o`fŸk- ik.Mo-i.Mk-izKkoku~ Kku-n`f"VlkfRod o`fŸk- vklqjhfo:) nSoh v/;k; 16 vFkokjktl-rkel fo:) lkfRod- v/;k; 14- vls ;k;q)kpas nqgsjha Lo:i vkgsa-

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95

/k`rjk"Vªp va/k vkgs vls ukgha(lkjh ekuotkrp va/k vkgs- ;keqGaspva/k O;‰hph larrh d/kh MksGl vlwa'kdr ukgh- rh o:u Eg.ktsckáakxkusa MksGl fnlr vlyh rjhvUrn`Zf"V Eg.ktsp foosd lnSo>ksiysyk vlrks- ;kpk ifj.kke vlk dha]

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96

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97

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98

Üyksd 8 pk ‘ksoVpk pj.k igk& lkSenfÙkLrFkSo pxhrsP;k izpfyr ikBakr t;nzFkkpk mYys[k ukgh-R;k,soth ^rFkSo p* gs Hkjrhps ‘kCn vkys vkgsr-i.k t;nzFkkpsa uako vlysykfg ,d ikB miyC/kvkgs vkf.k rksp ;ksXîk vkgsdkj.k v/;k; 11Üyksd 34 igk] nzks.ka p Hkh”ea p t;nzFka pA d.kZ±rFkkU;kufi ;ks/kohjku~ A e;k grakLRoa tfg ekO;fFk”BkA ;q/;Lo tsrkfl j.ks liRuku~ AAvtqZukP;k ‘kadkfuo`fÙklkBha T;akP;k T;akP;k e`R;wpsan’kZu ?kMfoys R;akr t;nzFk mYysf[kyk vkgs brdsrs egÙokpas uako ;sFkhy x.kuasr lqVwa u;sa- ^rFkSo p*gs Hkjrhps ‘kCn oxGwu Üyksd vlk gksbZy&

lkSenfÙk t;nzFk A v/;k; 1 Üyksd 8

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99

v/;k; 1 Üyksd 10

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vi;kZIr vkf.k i;kZIr ák nksu ‘kCnakr lSU;kph‘kfä vkf.k v’kfä nksUgha lqpfoyh vkgsr-vi;kZIr Eg.kts la[;kcykus vf/kd gh ‘kfä-vkf.k vi;kZIr Eg.kts vukoj gh v’kfä- Ik;kZIrEg.kts ekstds Eg.kts fuoMd gh ‘kfä vkf.kIk;kZIr Eg.kts ifjfer fdaok vYi gh v’kfä-

- v/;k; 1 Üyksd 11] 12] 13] 14-

v;us”kq p losZ”kq ;FkkHkkxeofLFkrk% AHkh”eesokfHkj{kUrq HkoUr% loZ,o fg AA 1] 11

rL; latu;Ug”k± dq:o`)% firkeg% Aflagukna fou|ksPpS% ‘k³~[ka n/ekS izrkioku~

AA 1]12AA

rr% ‘k³~[kk‹p Hks;Z‹p i.kokudxkseq[kk% AlglSokH;gU;Url‘kCnLrqeqyks∙Hkor~ AA 1]13


100

rr% ‹osrSgZ;S;qZäs egfr L;Unus fLFkrkS Aek/ko%ik.Mok‹pSofnO;kS‘k³~[kkSizn/erq%AA 1]14

û /kjh ’kL= djh ehA xks”Vh lakxsu ;qfäP;k pkj*v’kh izfrKk d:u iakMoakP;k enrhyk vkysykek/ko ‘ka[k Qqad.kkjakr ek= ifgyk vkgs- fu”i{kikrhek/ko v/;k; 9 Üyksd 29 e/;sa igk& leks∙galoZHkwrs”kq u es }s”kksfLr u fiz;% A ;s HktfUr rq eakHkDR;k ef; rs rs”kq pkI;ge~ AA Ikjes’ojkP;k jkx}s”kjfgrrs’kha R;kP;k Hkä okRlY;kpk fojks/k ukgha-;s ;Fkk eak izi|Urs rkULrFkSo HktkE;ge~ A v0 4]12- ;k U;k;kus rharwu rs ljGp fu”ié gks.kkjsvkgs- dBksifu”knakrhy :idakr vkRek jfFk vkf.kcqf) lkjFkh vkgs- ^^vkRekua jfFkua fof) ‘kjhjajFkeso rq cqf)Lrq lkjFkha fof) eu% izxgeso p AA**xhrasrhy :idakr vkRek jfFk vkf.k ijekRek lkjFkhvkgs- ifgyh Hkwfedk nsf[ky xhrsyk ekU; vkgs-igk&nwjs.k áoja deZ cqf);ksxkr~ /kuat; Acq)kS ‘kj.kefUoPN —i.kk% Qygsro%AA v02]49

rlsp bfr rs Kkuek[;kra xqákn~xqárja e;k Afoe`’îkSrr~ v’ks”ks.k ;FksPNfl rFkk dq: AAv018]63-


101

ek= nqljh xhrsph fof’k”B Hkwfedk vkgs- igk&

e¸;kläeuk% ikFkZ ;ksx;qåtUenkJ;%A v07]1

loZ/kekZu~ ifjR;T; ekesda ‘kj.ka oztA v0 18]66-

v/;k; 1 Üyksd 15-

ikåptU;a â”khds’kks nsonÙka /kuat;% AikS.Mªan/ekSegk’k³~[ka HkhedekZOk`dksnj%AA 1]15

‘ka[kakP;k uakoakr dakgha fo’ks”k vkgs vlas ukgha- i.kHkxoarkpk ‘ka[k ikåptU; vkf.k Hkäkpk nsonÙk ghuakosa lwpd vkgsr- HkxoUrkpk vkokt iaptuakP;kdY;k.ksPNsuas izsfjr vkgs] rj Hkäkpk vkoktnsokP;k izlknkuas ykHkysyh ns.kxh vkgs-

v/;k; 1 Üyksd 16] 17] 18] 19-vuUrfot;a jktk dqUrhiq=ks ;qf/kf”Bj% Audqy%lgnso‹plq?kks”kef.kiq”idkS AA 1]16-

dk’îk‹p ijes”okl% f’k[k.Mh p egkjFk% A/k`”V|qEuksfojkV‹plkR;fd‹pkijkftr%AA 1]17-


102

nzqinks nzkSins;k‹p loZ’k% i`fFkohirs AlkSHknz‹pegkckgq%‘kM~[kkUn/eq%i`FkDi`FkdAA 1]18

l ?kks”kks /kkrZjk”Vªk.kak ân;kfu O;nkj;r~ AuHk‹pi`fFkohapSorqeqyks O;uqukn;u~ AA 1] 19-

vklqjh o`Ÿkhapk teko eksBk vlyk rjh R;akukvakrwu cG ulrs- ckgsjpk mluk vko vk.kwu R;k‘kkS;Z xktohr vlrkr-

vFk--O;ofLFkrkUn`”Vok--/kkrZjk”VªkUdfi/ot%Aizo`Ÿks--‘kL=laikrs--/kuq:|E;ik.Mo%AAv/;k; 1]20-vtqZukP;k /otkoj guqeUrkph izfrek ;k laKsP;kvFkkZlkBha cyacyorak pkga dkejkx fooftZre~Av07]11vkf.k ;kmyV fLFkrh igk&v’kkL=fofgra ?kksja rI;Urs;s riks tuk% A naHkkgadkjla;qäk%-dkejkxcykfUork%AAv017]5-

â’khds’ka rnk okD;a bna vkg eghirs AvtqZu mokp

lsu;ks:Hk;kseZ/;s jFka LFkki; es∙P;qrAA21AA


103

;konsrkféjh{ks∙ga ;ks)qdkeku~ vofLFkrku~ A- -dSeZ;klg-;ks)O;a vfLEkUj.kleq|esAA22AA

;ks)qdkeku~&;q)kph fo’ks”k bPNk] [kqe[kqe-

-;ksRlekuak vos{ks∙ga ; ,rs= lekxrk% A/kkrZjk”VªL; nqcqZ)s;qZ)s fiz;fpdh”kZo%AA23AA

vtqZukP;k eukph f=fo/k ifj.kfr&-1 mRlkg Üyksd 22 vkf.k 23-2 fo”kkn Üyksd 28 rs 46-3 nSU;Hkko Üyksd 2-7

lat; mokp

,oeq‰ks â”khds’kks xqMkds’ksu Hkkjr ALsku;ks:Hk;kseZ)s LFkkif;Rok jFkksŸkee~~AA24AA

Hkh”enzks.kizeq[kr% losZ”kak p eghf{krke~ Amokp ikFkZ i’îkSrak leosrak dq:u~ bfrAA25AA

xhrsr vtqZukyk mís’kwu ;kstysyk ^rwa* gk ‘kCnFkksMîkk fBdk.kha] ^mokp ikFkZ Ik’;SrkUleosrkUk~ dq:u~bfr* v0 1 ‹yksd 25- vlk O;fäokpd- dakghafBdk.kha ^,”kk rs∙fHkfgrk Lkak[;s cqf);ksZxsfRoeak J`.kq*2]39 vlk Jksròkpd- vkf.k iq”dG fBdk.kha


104

^deZ.îksokf/kdkjLrs ek Qys”kq dnkpu* 2] 47 vlkJs;ksFkhZ lk/kd ;k vFkkZpk vkgs-

r=ki’îkr~ fLFkrku~ ikFkZ%fir``ùFk firkegku~ Avkpk;kZu~ ekrqyku~ Hkzkrù~ iq=ku~ ikS=ku~ l[kha rFkkAA26AAÜo’kqjku~ lqânÜpSo lsu;ks:Hk;ksjfi ARkku~ leh{; l dkSars;%lokZu~ cU/kwu~ vofLFkrku~AA27—i;k ij;kfo”Vks fo”khnféna vczohr~ A

vtqZukP;k fo”kkn-okD;akrhy eq|akpsa fujlu dj.îkkphxjt Hkxoarakuh ekuyh ukgha- dkj.k vtqZukpsa dFkuvizklafxd vkf.k ewG Hkwfedsl lksMwu vkgs- v/;k;2 Üyksd 2- rFkkfi lnj eq|akpsa fujlu nqlÚ;kv/;k;akrhy foospukusa visf{kr vkgs- nqljk v/;k;gh FkksMD;akr lca/k xhrk vkgs- R;k v/;k;akr,rRlaca/kha [kk.kk[kq.kk ikg.îkklkj[;k vkgsr-

1& lhnfUr ee xk=kf.k 1- 29mŸkj%& u fodfEirqegZfl 2- 312& u p Js;ks∙uqi’îkkfe 1- 31

mŸkj%&/kekZr~ fg ;q)kr~ Js;ks∙U;r~ {kf=;L; u fo|rs3&Lotua fg dFka gRok lqf[ku% L;ke ek/ko 1-37mŸkj%&lqf[ku% {kf=;k%ikFkZ yHkUrs ;q)ehn`’ke~ 2-32


105

4& HkorhR;uq’kqJqe 1- 44mŸkj%&rnk xUrkfl fuosZna JksrO;L; JqrL; p-2-52

f’kok; vtqZukph loZlkekU; iki-nks”k-‘kadk 1-36]38] 39] 45-mŸkj%& 2-32] 38] 50-

vBjkok v/;k; milagkjkpk vlY;keqGsa R;akr fg;k ‘kadspsa fujlu 18-48 vkf.k 18-66 e/ksavk<G.kkj vkgs-

vtqZu mokp

n`”osea Lotua —“.k ;q;qRlqa leqifLFkre~AA28AA

lhnfUr ee xk=kf.k eq[ka p ifj’kq”;fr AosiFkqÜp ‘kjhjs es jkseg”kZÜp tk;rs AA29AA

xk.Mhoa Ljalrs gLrkr~ RoDpSo ifjnárs Au p ‘kDuksE;oLFkkrqa Hkzerho p es eu%AA30AA

v”V rkel Hkko& Üyksd 28 rs 30-fufeŸkfu p i’îkkfe foijhrkfu ds’ko Au p Js;ks∙uqi’îkkfe gRok Lotuekgos AA31AA


106

vtqZu gk R;k dkGpk vf}rh; ohj gksrk- ;q)EgVys Eg.kts R;kyk LQqj.k p<kosa- i.k ;k osGsP;k;q)akr mHk;i{kha Lotulewg vkf.k ‘ksoVpk izlaxvlY;keqGsa LQwrhZ,sotha xk=’kSfFkY;kfn foijhry{k.ksa 1-28 rs 30- vuqHkokl vkyha] R;ko:uR;kusa fu”d”kZ dk<yk& ^û p Js;ks∙uqi’îkkfe gRokLotua vkgos**

Uk dk³~{ks fot;a —“.k u p jkT;a lq[kkfu p Afda uks jkT;su xksfoUn fda HkksxSthZforsuokAA32AA

okluk-iapd&txkosa] ftadkosa] lÙkk pkyokoh] HkksxHkksxkosa] lq[kh Ogkosa-

;s”kkeFksZ dk³~f{kra uks jkT;a Hkksxk% lq[kkfu p Ar bes∙ofLFkrk ;q)sizk.kakLR;DRok /kukfu p AA33AA

vkpk;kZ% firj% iq=kLrFkSo p firkegk% Aekrqyk% Üo’kqjk% ikS=k% ‘îkkyk%lEcfU/kuLrFkkAA34AA

^^vkts cki eqysa ukrw** vkf.k vkeph fi<h] feGwuiakp fi<îkk-


107

,rké gUrqfePNkfe ?urks∙fi e/kqlwnu Avfi =SyksD;jkT;L; gsrks% fda uq egh—rs AA35AA

lkezkT;] lŸkk] LokfeRo thoulk/kusar] jkT;lk/kusarclwp ‘kdr ukghr-

fugR; /kkrZjk”Vªké% dk izhfr% L;kTtuknZu AikiesokJ;sr~ vLeku~ gRoSrku~ vrrkf;u% AA36AA

rLekékgkZ o;a gUraq /kkrZjk”Vªku~ LockU/koku~ ALotua fg dFka gRok lqf[ku% L;ke ek/koAA37AA

^dFka lqf[ku% L;ke*&¼v½ vkEgakyk lq[k ykHk.ksadlas ‘kD; vkgs\ ¼vk½ vkEgha lq[k Hkksx.ksa dlsa;ksXîk gksbZy\

;|I;srs u i‘îkfUr yksHkksigrpsrl% Adqy{k;—ra nks”ka fe=nzksgs p ikrde~ AA38AA

eS=h gk ekuork /keZ- Eg.kwu fe=nzksgklkj[ks ikrdukgh- fe=nzksg Eg.kts ekuork nzksg- dqy{k; ghR;kph p ,d BGd vko`fŸk-


108

dFka u Ks;e~ vLekfHk% ikikr~ vLeku~ fuofrZrqe~Adqy{k;—ra nks”ka izi’îkf˜% tuknZu AA39AA

vLeku~ ikikr~& ekuorknzksgkpsa ¼fe=nzksg vkf.k dqy-{k; mHk;:i½

dqy{k;s iz.k’îkfUr dqy/kekZ% lukruk% A/kesZ u”Vs dqya —RLua v/keksZ∙fHkHkoR;qr AA40AA

dqy-/keZ&¼v½ dqy fo”k;d drZO;-Hkkouk vkf.krnuqlkj drZO;sa] ¼vk½dqyakrhy fo’ks”k xq.k vkf.kR;keqGsa izkIr >kysyha drZO;sa-

v/kekZfHkHkokR—“.k iznq”;fUr dqyfL=;% AL=h”kq nq”Vklq ok”.ksZ; tk;rs o.kZladj% AA41AA

dqy-fL=;k&ukjh-‘kfä ¼10-34½ ‘kkL=dkj ekuohewY;akP;k j{k.kkph fo’ks”k vk’kk fL=;akiklwu djrkr-

-ladjks ujdk;So dqy?ukuak dqyL; p A-irfUr firjks ás”kak yqIrfi.MksndfØ;k%AA42AA


109

¼1½ îrfUr firjks* Eg.kts firjakph laL—fr [kkyhaiM.ksa] R;akP;k laL—rhph voufr-¼2½ Jk) Eg.kts J)kiwoZd fir`-Lej.k] iwoZtakpsaiq.;-dk;Z iq<sa pkyfo.îkkph vkLFkk] rr~lwpd fof/k-

nks"kSjsrS% dqy?ukuak o.kZladjdkjdS% AmRlk|Urs tkfr/kekZ% dqy/kekZÜp‘kkÜork%AA43AA

dqy-/keZ-uk’kkpk ifj.kke R;k R;k dqykiqjrk lhferu jgkrk rRlac) lektkyk fg rks O;kirks- O;ähpsnks”k dqykyk] dqykps lektkyk] lektkpsekuorsyk] v’kh mÙkjksÙkj nks”k-O;kfIr gksr tkrs-

mRlédqy/kekZ.kak euq”;k.kak tuknZu Aujds∙fu;ra oklks HkorhR;uq’kqJqe AA44AA

^bfr vuq’kqJq++e* gk mYys[k ykSSfdd u ekurak‘kkL=h; ekuY;kl _Xosn 4-5]5 pk funsZ’k djrk;sbZy- ^^HkkÅ xekowu clysY;k cfg.kh vkf.k ifrxekowu clysY;k ifRu T;k lektakr ckgqY;kusauaknrkr vkf.k ftFksa ikih ikikpj.k d:u rsa yiowaikgrkr R;k lektklkBha ujd fufeZyk vkgs-** vlkR;k osn-opukpk HkkokFkZ vkgs-


110

vgks cr egRikia drq± O;oflrk o;e~ A;nzkT;lq[kyksHksu gUrqa Lotueq|rk% AA45AA

áakr rhu fopkjnks”k vkgsr%&

¼1½ eh ekj.kkjk & vkRE;kfo”k;ha vKku]

¼2½ Lotueksg& Lo/keZfu”Bsph m.kho]

¼3½ lq[kklkBha jkT;& deZ;ksxkfo”k;ha pqdhph--- dYiuk-R;akP;k fujluklkBha%&

¼1½ lak[;cqf) ¼2-11 rs 30½

¼2½ rnarxZr Lo/keZfu”Bk ¼2-31 rs 38½

¼3½ ;ksxcqf) ¼2-39 rs 53½v’kha rhu vf/kdj.ksa nqlÚ;k v/;k;akr vkyhavkgsr-

;fn eak vizrhdkje~ v’kL=a ’kL=ik.k;% A/kkrZjk”Vªk j.ks gU;q% rUes {kserja Hkosr~AA46AA


111

LotukläheqGsa mõysyh gh ,d v’kksHkuh;nqcGh o`fÙk vkgs] vlsa Hkxoku iq<as lakx.kkj vkgsr¼2-2]3½Tksa vtqZu ekU; fg dj.kkj vkgs ¼2-7½

Lakt; mokp,oeqDRoktqZu% la[;s jFkksiLFk mikfo’kr~ Afol`T; l’kja pkia ‘kksdlafoXuekul% AA47AA

^jFkksiLFk mikfo’kr~*& dkj.k

¼v½ û p ‘kDuksE;oLFkkrqa* ¼xfyr/kS;Z½¼vk½ ^Hkzerho p es eu%* ¼fdadrZO;ew<½ 1-30

v/;k; nqljklat; mokp

ra rFkk —i;kfo”Va vJqiw.kkZdqys{k.ke~ Afo”khnUrfena okD;a mokp e/kqlwnu%AA-1AA

¼1½ —i;kfo”Ve~ Eg.kts LotuklfätU; nhursusaxzklysyk ¼2-7½¼2½ vdqys{k.ke~&ikidYiususa H;kysyk-

-dqrLRok d’eyfena fo”kes leqifLFkre~ Avuk;Ztq”Va vLoXîk± vdhfrZdja vtqZuAA2AA


112

^bna d’eya fo”kes*& HkyR;k osGha Hkyrh xks”V gspiki-vdhfrZdje~&txkpsa uqdlku-vLoXîkZe~&vkRE;kpsa uqdlku-

DySC;a ek Le xe% ikFkZ uSrÙo¸;qii|rs A{kqnza ân;nkScZY;a R;DRoksfÙk”B ijari AA3AA

ohjo`fÙk ikjekfFkZd lk/kusph var%’kfä vkgs-laU;kl] vfgalk bR;kfn dks.krhfg mÙke lk/kusanqcGsi.kkusa vkpjysyha ijekFkkZP;k mi;ksxkph ukghr-

vtqZu mokp

dFka Hkh”eega la[;s nzks.ka p e/kqlwnu Ab”kqfHk% izfr;ksRL;kfe iwtkgkZofjlwnuAA4AA

—“.kkus fnysyk Bidk ,sdwu vtqZu ;sFksa uohu rdZmifLFkr djhr vkgs- iwT;-iwtk-O;frØekusa Js;ksgkuhgksrs gk fopkj loZekU; p vkgs-


113

xq:ugRok fg egkuqHkkoku~Js;ks Hkksäqa HkS{;eihg yksds A

gRokFkZdkeakLrq xq:fugSoHkqath; HkksxkU:f/kjizfnX/kku~AA5AA

gssa oSrkxwu cksy.ksa letko;kl gos vkgs- ;sFksa yxspvtqZukP;k xGîkakr laU;klkpsa yscy d’kkykvMdok;psa\

vFkZdkeku~& gk ‘kCn foukdkj.k ?kksVkGîkkpk >kykvkgs- ^ôklqnsoLrq mHk;ks% vFkZdke%** Eg.ktsoklqnso nksUgh i{kkps fgr bfPN.kkjk vkgs&;kegkHkkjrakrhy opukuqlkj ;sFkas vFkZ-fu.kZ; dsykvkgs-

u pSrf}ù% drj™kks xjh;ks;}k t;se ;fn ok uks t;s;q% A

;kuso gRok u ftthfo”kke%Lrs∙ofLFkrk% izeq[ks /kkrZjk”Vªk% AA6AA

;q)akr dq.kkpk t; gksbZy -gk izÜu usgehpla’k;akr vlrks- i.k R;k ,soth ;q)akr dq.kkpk t;gks.ksa b”V vlk uSfrd izÜu vtqZukusa eakMyk vkgs-


114

dkiZ.îknks”kksigrLoHkko%i`PNkfe Roak /keZlaew<psrk% A

;PNsª;% L;kf™kfÜpra czwfg rUesf’k”;Lrs∙ga ‘kkf/k eak Roak iziée~AA7AA

^^f’k”;Lrs∙ga ‘kkf/k eak Roak iziée~**& nqlÚ;kv/;k;akrhy gsa ifgysa vf/kdj.k ¼2- 1 rs 10½ iwoZv/;k;akrhy vk[;kf;dspk p ‘kss”k vlY;keqGsaifgY;k v/;k;kyk tksMrak vkysa vlrsa- i.kvtqZukph xq:-‘kj.krk Kku-dFkukyk lféfgrvlY;keqGsa gsa vf/kdj.k nqlÚ;k v/;k;akr ?kkrysavkgs- f’kok; Hkxorakpsa cks/kij vkfnopu fg¼2-2]3½ ;k vf/kdj.kakr vlY;keqGsa ifgY;kv/;k;kgwu i`Fkd~ foHkkx ;ksXîk p vkgs-

Uk fg izi’îkkfe eekiuq|kn~;PNksdeqPNks”k.kfefUnz;k.kke~ A

vokI; -HkwekS vliRue`)ajkT;a lqjk.kkefi pkf/kiR;e~ AA8AA


115

lat; mokp

,oeqDRok â”khds’ka xqMkds’k% ijari Au ;ksRL; bfr xksfoUna mDRok rq”.kha cHkwo g AA9AA

reqokp â”khds’k% izglféo Hkkjr Alsu;ks:Hk;kseZ/;s fo”khnUrfena op% AA 10AA

—“.kkP;k gal.îkakr&

¼v½ eksg fujlukfo”k;ha vkRefoÜokl-

¼vk½ dk:.îkHkko

¼b½ l[;-izhrhpk fouksn

v’kk rhu NVk fefJr vkgsr-

;sFksa ifgyk v/;k; vkf.k ifgY;k v/;k;kpsap nqlÚ;k v/;k;akr f’kjysysa 10 Üyksdkpsavk[kkr iw.kZ >kysa-


116

¿-13Àv’kksP;ku~ vUo’kkspLRoa izKkoknak‹p Hkk”kls Axrklwu~ vxrklaw‹p ukuq’kkspfUr if.Mrk%AA 11AA

dfjlh Hkyrk ‘kksd A ojh Kku fg lakxlh AesY;kftR;kfo”kha ‘kksd A Kkuoar u tk.krh AA 11AA

‹yksd 11 rs 38 gs lak[;cq)hps ‹yksd vkgsr- vk/khiakp ‹yksdakr& ‹yksd 11 rs 15 & lkjk fo”k; lw=:ikusaFkksMD;akr eakMyk vkgs- rks p iq<sa ‹yksd 16rs38 Ik;ZUr foojykvkgs-

1 rŸokpsa T;kyk Kku vkgs] v’kk KkR;kph –f”V-‹yksd 11 v’kksP;ku~------;kpsa fooj.k& uklrks fo|rs Hkkoks------‹yksd 16vfoukf’k rq rf}f++)----- 17 vUroUr bes nsgk%-------18

xrklwu~ vxrklwa‹p ukuq’kkspfUr if.Mrk% 1 vkRE;kP;k vej-RokeqGsa 2- 19]20]21- 2/keZ;q)akr mHk;ijh ykHk vlY;keqGsa2-37 3 deZ;ksXîkkP;k vukl‰heqGsa 2- 57 ;% loZ= vufHk---

u Rosokga tkrq ukla u Roa uses tukf/kik% Au pSo u Hkfo”;ke% losZ o;er% ije~ AA 12AA


117

eh rwa vkf.kd gs jkts A u ekxs uOgrkas d/kha Arlsa fp lxGs vkEgh A u iq<sa fg ulwa d/khaAA-12AA

dkj.k ^vl.ksa* loZnk vHkax vkgs&‹yksd 16&uklrksfo|rs Hkkoks------ vkf.k ^gks.ksa* fg eqf‰ ykHksi;ZUr v[kaMp vkgs-‹yksd 22&oklkafl th.kkZfu-------

2 frUgh iq:”k frUgh dkyha fo|eku ‹yksd 12 Uk Rosokga------;kpsa fooj.k& ‹yksd& 19]20]21- ; ,ua osfŸk gUrkja----------Uk tk;rs fez;rs------- osnkfoukf’kua fuR;a--------

nsfguks∙fLeu~ ;Fkk nsgs dkSekja ;kSoua tjk ArFkk nsgkUrjizkfIr% /khjLr= u eqáfr AA 13AA

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118

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;a fg u O;Fk;UR;srs iq:”ka iq:”k”kZHk ALkenq%[klq[ka /khja lks∙e`rRok; dYirs AA 15AA

áakph ek=k u pkys fp A T;k /khj iq:”kkojh Ale ns[ks lq[ksa nq%[ksaA eks{k-ykHkkl ;ksXîk rksAA 15AA

/khj& /k`freku~] frfr{kk;q‰- ;kf’kok; ‹yksd 13 e/khy vFkZfg;sFksa visf{kr vkgs- ^^lenq%[klq[ka**& }a}eksg fueqZ‰-Lkks∙e`rRok; dYirs A Hkf‰ vkfn eks{klk/kuspk vf/kdkjh gksrks-;s”kak RoUrxra ikia tukuak iq.;deZ.kke~ A rs }a}eksgfueqZ‰kHktUrs eak –<ozrk% AA 7- 28

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119

uklrks fo|rs Hkkoks ukHkkoks fo|rs lr% AmHk;ksjfi –“Vks∙UrLRou;ksLrŸonf’kZfHk% AA 16AA

uls feF;kl vfLrRo A uls lR;kl uk’k fg AfuokMk nsf[kyk larha A ák nksghapk v’kkijhAA 16AA

feF;k oLrq bafnz;akuk Hkkleku >kyh rjh fryk vfLrRo ukgha-myV lR; oLrq fnlsuk’kh >kyh rjh frpsa vfLrRo ukghlas gksrukgha] vlk rŸon’khZ iq:”kakpk fuokMk foojyk vkgs] T;kpas lwpu‹yksd 11 e/ksa dsysa gksrsa- v’kksP;ku~ vUo’kkspLRoa-------

vfoukf’k rq rf}f++) ;su loZfena rre~ Afouk’keO;;L;kL; u df‹pRdrqZegZfr AA 17AA

T;kusa gsa O;kfiysa loZ A rsa tk.k vfouk’k rwa AUkk’k R;k fuR;-rŸokpk A dks.kh fg u d:a ‘kds AA

;su loZfena rre~ A &O;ki.ksa& varckZá Hk:u dk<.ksa] dkj.kRokusa]fufeŸk dkj.k vkf.k iz—frRokusa] miknku dkj.k- igk& e;krrfena loZe~ txnO;‰ewfrZuk A eRLFkkfu loZ Hkwrkfu u pkgars”oofLFkr% AA 9-4 vFkok cgquSrsu fda Kkrsu roktqZu Afo”VH;kgfena —RLua ,dak’ksu fLFkrks txr~AA 10-42ekxP;k 16O;k ‹yksdakr vfoukf’kRokyk lR;Ro gk gsrq fnykgksrk- ;sFksa O;kidRo gk nqljk gsrq fnyk vkgs- vkReRo gk gsrqLo;afl) p vkgs-


120

vUroUr bes nsgk fuR;L;ks‰k% ‘kjhfj.k% Avukf’kuks∙izes;L; rLekr~ ;q/;Lo Hkkjr AA 18A

fouk’kh nsg gs lkjs A cksfyys R;akr ‘kk‹or AfuR; fu%lhe rks vkRekA vtqZuk >qat ákLroAA 18

;q/;Lo& 2-18- ef; lokZf.k dekZf.k laU;L;k/;kRepsrlk Afujk’khfuZeZeks HkwRok ;q/;Lo foxrToj% AA 3-30AArLekr~ losZ”kq dkys”kq ekeuqLej ;q/; p Ae¸;fiZreukscqf)% ekesoS”;L;la’k;e~ AA 8-7AAnzks.ka p Hkh”ea p t;nzFka pd.k± rFkkU;kufi ;ks/kohjku~ Ae;k grakLRoa tfg ek O;fFk”Bk;q/;Lo tsrkfl j.ks liRuku~ AA 11-34AA;ngadkjekfÜkzR; u ;ksRL; bfr eU;ls AfeF;S”k O;olk;Lrs iz—frLRoak fu;ks{;fr AA 18-59AA

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tks Eg.ks ekfjrks vkRek A vkf.k tks ejrks Eg.ks Anks?ks u tk.krh dakgha A u ekjh u ejs fp gkAA 19AA

gk vkf.k iq<yk ‹yksd dBksifu”knakrwu ?ksrys vkgsr-dBksifu”knakr ;q)kpk lanHkZ ukgh- vkRE;kpsa deZ-laidZjfgr Lo:Iknk[kfo.kas ,o<sa p rsFksa rkRi;Z vkgas- xhrsar ;q)kph vk[;kf;dkvkyh vlyh rjh rhar xqarwu gsa ewy rkRi;Z utjsvkM gksÅa nsÅau;s-


121

u tk;rs fez;rs ok dnkfpr~uk;a HkwRokHkfork ok u Hkw;% A

vtks fuR;% ‘kkÜorks∙;a iqjk.kksu gU;rs gU;ekus ‘kjhjs AA 20AA

u tUe ikos u dnkfi e`R;q AgksÅfu ekxsa u iq<sa u gks; A

vkyk u xsyk fLFkj gk iqjk.k Aekjksr nsgkl ijh ejs uk AA 20AA

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122

Okklakfl th.kkZfu ;Fkk fogk;uokfu x`.gkfr ujks∙ijkf.k A

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123

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vkRek bafnz;-izR;{kkpk fo”k; ukgh] gsa ^vO;‰ks∙;a* ;k ‘kCnakuhan’kZfoys- rks vuqekukpk fg fo”k; ukgh]gsa^vfpaR;ks∙;a* ;k ‘kCnakuhan’kZfoys- vFkkZr~ vuqHkoh iq:”kakpk ’kCn gk p ,d vk/kkj mjykrks p ^vfodk;ksZ∙;a mP;rs* ;k ‘kCnakuha n’kZfoyk vkgs-

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124

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125

nksUgh Vksdakuk vuar vikj vO;‰ iljysysa vlrakuk e/;arjha tksO;‰kHkkl gksrks rks R;k vO;‰ lkxjkpk ,d ygkulk rjax vkgs-R;kyk rn~O;frfj‰ Lora= vfLrRo ukgha-vk‹p;ZoRi’;fr df‹pnsue~

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126

nsgh fuR;eo/;ks∙;a nsgs loZL; Hkkjr ArLekRlokZf.k Hkwrkfu u Rpa ‘kksfprqegZflAA30AA

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127

Lo:i vkf.k Lo/keZ&Lo:i tltls Kkr gksr tkrs rlrlk Lo/keZizdV gksr tkrks- vusu Lo/keksZ foo`r%A vFkok fu”dkedekZpj.kkusa tltlk Lo/keZ izdV gksr tkrks rlrls Lo:i KkrgksÅa ykxrsa- rRLo;a ;ksxlafl)% dkysukRefu foUnfr 4- 38Lo:iha jkg.ksa gk Lo/keZ- vFkok deZ rasfp cz„A ,sls cks/kk vkysoeZAA rsFk iz—fr vki.ki;kA osxGh uqjs /kuat;kA :isfo.k dak Nk;kAt;kijhAA vkrak /;kuha ;sbZy dha] xhrsph ;klaca/kha dk; –f”Vvkgs rh letwu ?ks.ks Qkj t:jhpsa vkgas-;a fg u O;Fk;UR;srs--------lenq%[klq[ka /khja lks∙e`rRok; dYirsAA2-15 vkrak Lo/kekZpj.kkpas foospu dsY;koj xhrk dk; Eg.krsigk&lq[knq%[ks les —Rok-------------uSoa ikieokIL;flAA 2-38Eg.kts rq>h fpŸk’kq)h gksÅu rwa ve`rRok; dYirs eks{kkpkvf/kdkjh gks’khy- xhrk ;ksxekxkZojhy xzaFk vkgs] lka[;ekxkZojhyukgh- ;keqGsa KkuekxkZ’kha Lo/kekZpj.k tksMwup rh R;kpsa foospudj.kkj gsa m?kM vkgas-

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izkIr >kysa vuk;klsa A LoxkZpsa }kj eksdGsa A{kf=;kl egk-HkkX;sa A ykHkrsa ;q) gsa vlsa AA32AA

^LoxkZpsa }kj* Eg.kts vkRecfynkukpk izlax- vlk izlax ek.klkusavk.kk;pk ulrks rks vuk;kl ;kok ykxrks- rks vkyk vlrak VkGwau;s- R;kpsa lg”kZ Lokxr Ogkosa-


128

vFk psŸofeea /kE;± laxzkea u dfj”;fl Arr% Lo/keaZ dhfr± p fgRok ikia vokIL;fl AA33AAgsa /keZ-;q) VkGwfu A ikiakr iM’khy rwa ALo/kekZlg dhrhZl A nwj lk:fu;ak Lo;sa AA33AA

Ikkia vokIL;fl d’kkeqGsa\ rj Lo/kekZpk R;kx dsY;kl- 2-33Ikkia vokIL;fl d’kkeqGsa\ rj lq[k-nq%[k leku u dsY;keqGsa2-38 Eg.kwu rdZ’kkL=h; fu;ekuqlkj Lo/keZ-R;kx vkf.k lq[k-nq%[k-fHkérk gs ,desdakps i;kZ; >kys- R;k nks?kakuk îkia vokIL;fl* gk,dp ekinaM vlY;keqGsa rh nksUgh ,desdakph dk;Z-dkj.ksa >kyhvkgsr- Lo/kekZpk R;kx dak gksrks\ rj lq[k gos] nq%[k udks ghykylk lq[knq%[kakuk leku d:ap nsr ukgh Eg.kwu- ;k myV lq[ksanq%[ksa leku dak dsyh tkr ukghr\ rj Lo/kekZfo”k;ha v:ph vkf.kij/kekZpsa vkd”kZ.k gas vkgas- nqljh xks”V v’kh dha] dhfrZ d/kh ,dVhtkr ukgh] Lo/kekZyk ?ksÅup tkrs- nqlÚ;k ‘kCnkar Lo/keZ R;kxdsY;keqGsap dhfrZ tkrs- tks Lo/keZjr vkgs R;kP;k dhfrZ tk.îkkpkiz‹up ;sr ukgh- tkbZyp d’kh\

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129

vokP;oknakÜp cgwu~ ofn”;fUr rokfgrk% AfuUnUrLro lkeF;± rrks nq%[krja uq fde~ AA36AA

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fHkÅfu VkfGysa ;q) A ekfurhy egk-jFkh Avlwfu ekU; rwa áakl A rqPNrk iko’khy dhaAA35AA

cksyrhy rq>s ‘k=q A Hkyrsa Hkyrsa cgq Afuafnrhy rq>sa ‘kkS;Z A dk; R;kgwfu nq%[knAA36AA

‹yksd34& euq”;tkrhP;k cká thouakr xhrk iDdh O;ogkjhvkgs- vkiY;k vfHk:phyk vuqlj.kkjs /;s;oknh Hkaid vkpj.kxhrsyk eqGhp ekU; ukgh- vktP;k dkGakr Hkkjrh; cqf)ijkdk”Bsph Hkz”V >kyh vkgs- ;keqGsa dekZph cká LFkwy dlksVhvxnhp vYi mi;ksxh vkgs- fLFkrizKkph vpwd fu.kZ;dkjhleRocqf) gh p okLrfod vkf.k eq[; dlksVh vkgs- 2-48]49]50]51- Üyksd 35psa Li”Vhdj.k vls dha] varjkar nsgklf‰nMyh vlsy rj ,[kk|kusa cz„p;kZpsa ozr ?ksrysa vkf.kR;kpsa fdrhfg leFkZu dsys rjh yksd Eg.k.kkj] gk ik[kaMh vkgsEg.kwu cz„pkjh jkfgyk- vtqZu Lotukl‰hyk dk:.îkkpsa uako nsrgksrk gh R;kph vkReoapuk gksrh dkj.k R;akr nsgklf‰ nMyh gksrh-‹yksd 36& Lo/kesZ fu/kua Js;% ij/keksZ Hk;kog% vusdfo/k O;‰hapsR;akP;k R;k R;k iz—rhyk vuql:u vusdfo/k Lo/keZ laHkowa‘kdrkr- vlk gk Lo/keZ fuafnr gks.ks] ;kgwu vf/kd nq%[kn dakghapvlwa ‘kdr ukgha-


130

grks ok izkIL;fl Lox± ftRok ok Hkks{kls eghe~ArLekr~ mfŸk”B dkSars; ;q)k; —rfuÜp;%AA37AA

esY;kusa Hkksfxlh LoxZ A ftafdY;kusa egh-rG AEg.kwfu vtqZuk ÅB A ;q)kl –<-fuÜp;saAA37AA

;K;kxkfndakuha LoxZdkeuk dj.kkjakpk iq<sa Li”V fu”ks/k dsysykvlrakuk 2-43]44 dkekReku% LoxZijk-------HkksxSÜo;Zizl‰kuak----9-20]21 =Sfo|k eak lkseik%-----rs ra HkqDRok LoxZyksda fo’kkya---vls vlrk ;sFksa LoxkZpsa izyksHku dlsa nk[kfoysa\ letko;klikfgts dha] gk LoxZ osxGk vkgsdkj.k rks ldke dekZusa ykHkysykukgha- /keZ-dk;k±r >kysY;k varhe cfynkuakr lgtp QyŸ;kxvisf{kr vkgs Üyksd38lq[knq%[ks les —Rok Eg.kwu ^^;ksx;q‰ifjozkV~** lw;ZeaMG Hksn d:u T;k fof’k”V LoxZxrhyk izkIr gksrksrh xfr v’kk fujis{k cfynkukusa ykHkr vlrs- R;k voLFksarcz„fo|k-vf/kdkj vlY;keqGsa eq‰hph rh ,d ik;jh gksÅa ‘kdrs-cz„lw= 1( 3- 26-33-

lq[knq%[ks les —Rok ykHkkykHkkS t;kt;kS Arrks ;q)k; ;qT;Lo uSoa ikieokIL;fl AA38AA

gkfu ykHk lq[kas nq%[ksa A gkj thr djha le Aex ;q)kl gks fl) A u ykxs iki rsa rqtAA38AA


131

,”kk rs∙fHkfgrk laak[;s cqf);ksZxs fRoeak Ük`.kq Acq)Ókk ;q‰ks ;;k ikFkZ deZca/kaizgkL;fl AA39AA

lak[;ke/khy gh cqf) A rhp ;ksxakrfg ,sd rwa ArksM’khy ftusa lkjh A dekZph ca/kusa txha AA39AA

vgks cr egRikia drqZ O;oflrk o;e~ A ;r~ jkT;lq[kyksHksu gUrqaLotueq|rk% AA 1-45AA áakr rhu fopkjnks”k vkgsr--1 eh ekj.kkjk] eh R;kx dj.kkjk] eh deZ dj.kkjk&

vkRE;kfo”k;ha vKku-2 Lotueksg]dqBY;kfg oLrqfo”k;ha vFkok O;f‰fo”k;ha eksg

Lo/keZfu”Bsph m.kho-3 lq[kklkBha jkT;] lq[kklkBha thou] lq[kklkBha] LFkS;kZlkBha

thouHkj /kMiM&&&&deZ;ksxkfo”k;ha pqdhph dYiuk-;akP;k fujluklkBha&

1 lka[;cqf) 2- 11rs302 Lo/keZfu”Bk 2- 31rs383 ;ksxcqf) 2- 39rs53

usgkfHkØeuk’kks∙fLr izR;ok;ks u fo|rs ALoYieI;L; /keZL; =k;rs egrks Hk;kr~ AA 40AA

u cqMs ;sFk vkjaHk A u ;srsa fo?u ras rlas AtksMk LoYifg gk /keZA rkjh eksBîkk Hk;akrquhAA40AA

bg vfHkØe uk’k% u vfLr A Eg.kts u cqMs ;sFk vkjaHk AvFkZ vlk dha] fu”dke deZ;ksxkpk dks.krkfg iz;kl d/khfg O;FkZtkr ukgh- LoYieI;L; /keZL;& fu”dke deZ;ksxakr dekZP;k ckávkdkjkyk egRo ukgha] vakrhy fu”dkeo`Ÿkhyk egRo vkgas- ckádeZ


132

dsoG ladsrek= vkgsa- dekZpk vkdkj ‘k‰hoj voyacwu jkghy]ykHk.kkjh fpŸk’kqf) Hk‰hpsa QG vlsy- gsap rŸo 9-26 e/;saHk‰hP;k Hkk”ksar eakMysa vkgs- i=aiq”iaQyarks;a ;ks∙es HkDR;k iz;PNfrA=k;rs egrks Hk;kr~&;ksx-cq+)hP;k vHkkoh ,dk cktwusa fuf”Ø;rkvkf.k nqlÚ;k cktwusa dekZlf‰] v’kh nksUgh cktwauha vkifŸkmn~Hkors- QyR;kx;q‰ deZ-iFkkoj fLFkj d:u ;ksx-cqf) -;k fcdVladVakrwu lksMors-O;olk;kfRedk cqf)% ,dsg dq:uanu ACkgq’kk[kk% vuUrkÜp cq);ks∙O;olkf;uke~AA41AA

áakr fuÜp; rks ,d cqf) ,dkxz rh r’kh AfuÜp;kfo.k cq)hps QkVs rs lairh fp ukAA41AA

;kfeeak iqf”irak okpa izonfUr vfoifÜpr% AOksnoknjrk% ikFkZ ukU;nLrhfr okfnu% AA42AA

vfoosdh o`Fkk ok.kh cksyrh Qqyowfu;ak Aosnkps ?kkfyrh okn Eg.krh nqljsa uls AA42AA

dkekReku% LoxZijk tUedeZQyiznke~ AfØ;kfo’ks”kcgqyak HkksxSÜo;Zxfra izfr AA43AA

tUewfu;ak djk des± feGok Hkksx-oSHko AHkksxk deZ-QGsa xksM lakxrh LoxZ-dkeqdAA43AA


133

,sfgd rlsp ikjykSfdd Hkksx-oSHko feGok-

HkksxSÜo;Zizläkuak r;kiârpsrlke~ AO;olk;kfRedk cqf)% lek/kkSS u fo/kh;rsAA44AA

R;keqGsa Hkqyyh cqf) xqaryh Hkksx-oSHkoha ARkh fuÜp; u ykHkwfu lek/khar uOgs fLFkjAA44AA

Lkek/kh Eg.kts fu”dke deZ;ksxakrhy ,dkxzrspk ifj.kke] leRo-

=Sxq.;fo”k;k osnk fuL=Sxq.;ks HkoktqZu Afu}ZU}ks fuR;lÙoLFkks fu;ksZx{kse vkReoku~AA45AA

frUgh xq.k ons osn R;akr jkgsa vfyIr rwa AlŸo lksMwa udks lks’kha }a}sa fufÜpar lko/kAA45AA

;kokuFkZ mnikus loZr% laIyqrksnds ArkokUlosZ”kq osns”kq czkã.kL; fotkur% AA46AA

loZ= Hkjysa ik.kh rsOgak vkMakr vFkZ tks AfoKkuh czã-osŸ;kl loZ osnakr vFkZ rksAA46AA


134

¼v½ vuqHkoh iq:”kkP;k Kkuakr osnakpk varHkkZo gksrks-¼vk½-vuqHkoh iq:”kkyk osnakps vkiY;k xjtsiqjrsa p iz;kstu-¼b½ vuqHkoh iq:”kkyk osnakps iz;kstu p mjr ukgha-& vlk frgsjh vFkZ ;k Üyksdakrhy miesusa lwfpr gksrks-

deZf.k ,o rs vf/kdkj% Qys”kq ek dnkpu AdeZQygsrq% ek Hkw% vdeZf.k rs la³~x% ek vLrqAA

dek±r fp rq>k Hkkx rks QGakr ulks d/kha Audks deZ-QGha gsrq vdeh± okluk udks AA47AA

¼1½ ^deZf.k ,o rs vf/kdkj%* ¼vlks½ Eg.kts dekZiqjrk p rawvkiyk vf/kdkj let] Qykfo”k;ha letwa udks- T;kpk dekZ-fo”k;ha vf/kdkj vkgs R;kpk Qykfo”k;ha fg vkgs- ijarq rks rwa lksMwuns vkf.k dekZiqjrk p vf/kdkj jk[k] v’kh ;sFksa fof’k”B f’kdo.kvkgs- nsg/kkjh voLFksar vkRE;kpsa vdr`ZRo vuqHko.îkkph gh ;qfävkgs- ¼18-11½¼2½ ^vdeZf.k rs lax% ek vLrq*& lk/kdkusa fu”BkiwoZd fu;rdeZ;ksx vkpjkok- eh deZjfgr dsOgak gksbZu] deZca/kuakrwu ek>hlqVdk dsOgak gksbZy] eyk eks{k dsOgak ykHksy] v’khfg okluk R;kusajk[kwa u;s- Kkufo”k;d ;ksx{ksekphfg fpark R;kusa d:a u;s- deZ;ksx-;qäkyk] vuU;-Hkäkyk] ;FkkdkGha Kku ykHkrp vlrsa- ¼4-38(9-22( 10-10]11½

¼3½ vdeZ gsa vkRE;kpsa Lo:ip vkgsa- fu”dke deZ djhrjkfgY;kusa rsa lgt p vuqHkokl ;srsa- R;kP;k fg oklususa rsa nqjkorsa-


135

;ksxLFk% dq: dekZf.k l³~xa R;DRok /kuat; Afl)îkfl)îkks% leks HkwRok leRoa ;ksx mP;rsAA

QG ykHkks u ykHkks rwa fu%lax le gksmuh A;ksx-;qä djha des± ;ksx-lkj leRo fp AA48AA

^;ksx* ‘kCnkph lkjHkwr O;k[;k xhrsusa Lor% p fnyh vlY;keqGasxhrsP;k iz;kstukfo”k;ha lansgkyk tkxk jkgr ukgh- ¼5-19½fooj.kklkBha 6-32 Vhi-nwjs.k áoja deZ cqf);ksxkr~ /kuat; Acq)kS ‘kj.kefUoPN —i.kk% Qygsro% AA49AA

leRo-cqf) gh Fkksj deZ rhgwfu ghu fp Acq)hpk vkljk ?ks rwa ekxrh QG nhu rsAA49AA

¼1½ —i.k& nhu] dke-gr] dhao dj.îkkl ;ksXîk-

¼2½ dekZgwu cqf) Fkksj] vkf.k QGkgwu deZ Fkksj] v’kha nksu izes;sa;k Üyksdakr ,d= eakMyh vkgsr- nqlÚ;k izes;kuqlkj QG lksMwudeZ djkos Eg.krk] rj ifgY;k izes;kuqlkj deZ lksMwu cq)hpkvkJ; dak ?ksma u;s] vlk vtqZukusa frlÚ;k v/;k;kP;k vkjaHkhaljG p izÜu fopkjyk vkgs-


136

cqf);qäks tgkrhg mHks lq—rnq”—rs ArLekr~ ;ksxk; ;qT;Lo ;ksx% deZlq dkS’kye~AA50

;sFksa leRo-cq)husa VGs lq—r-nq”—r AleRo tksM áklkBha rsa fp dek±r dkS’kyAA50AA

^dkS’kye~*&dq’kyrk] [kqch] lqjf{krrk- leRo gh p dek±rhylqjf{krrk vkgsdkj.k R;k ;ksxsa deZ d:u fg lq—r-nq”—r VGrsa-Eg.kwu p rh [kqch fg vkgs- f’kok; leRo gk O;kogkfjd vFkkZusa fgdq’ky xq.k vlY;keqGsa R;akrwu cká deZ-dq’kyrsph vis{kk dj.ksafg pqdhpsa ukgha-deZta cqf);qäk fg Qya R;DRok euhf”k.k% AtUecU/kfofueZqäk% ina xPNfUr vuke;e~AA51AA

Kkuh leRo-cq)husa dekZpsa QG lksMquh AtUekps rksfMrh ca/k ikorh in vP;qrAA51AA

pj.k 1 &Kkuh + leRo-cqf)pj.k 2 &QyR;kxpj.k 3 &thoUeqfä ¼fLFkrizKrk½pj.k 4 &fonsgeqfä ¼czãfuokZ.k½& vlk gk ,dÜyksdh f}rh;k/;k; vkgs-;nk rs eksgdfyya cqf)O;Zfrrfj”;fr ARknk xUrkfl fuosZna JksrO;L; JqrL; p AA52AA


137

ya?kwfu cqf) tkbZy tsOgak gk eksg-dnZe Avkysa ;sbZy tsa dkuha rsOgak ftjfo’khy raw AA52AA

Jqfrfoizfriék rs ;nk LFkkL;fr fuÜpyk ALkek/kkS vpyk cqf)% rnk ;ksxa vokIL;flAA53AA

Jo.ksa Hkzeyh cqf) rq>h ykHkwfu fuÜp; AfLFkjkosy lek/khar rsOgak HksVsy ;ksx rks AA53AA

vtqZu mokp

fLFkrizKL; dk Hkk”kk lekf/kLFkL; ds’ko AfLFkr/kh% fda izHkk”ksr fda vklhr oztsr fde~AA54AA

fLFkjkoyk lek/khar fLFkr-izK dlk vls A—“.kk lakx dlk cksys dlk jkgs fQjs dlkAA54AA

xhrspk iw.kZ vkn’kZ xhrsusa fLFkr-izK ;k fof’k”V ‘kCnkusa eakMykvkgs- ^fLFkr/kh% fdeklhr* ^fLFkr-izK dlk vls* ;akr pkj izÜuvkgsr&1 fLFkr-izKkph ifjiw.kZ O;k[;k d’kh gksbZy\2 R;kpsa lok±uk let.îkklkj[ksa y{k.k dk; gksbZy\3 dks.kR;k lk/kususa vkf.k miiŸkhusa rsa y{k.k lk/kdkyk vkiY;k -fBdk.kha fcacowu ?ksrak ;sbZy\4 fLFkr-izKkP;k thou-;k=spsa fdaok fogkjkpsa Lo:i dlsa jkghy\


138

;k izÜkakpha mŸkjsa ;FkkØe&1 Üyksd 55-2 Üyksd 56 rs 58-3 Üyksd 59 rs 61 vkf.k 62 rs 68-4 Üyksd 69 rs 71& ;akr fnyh vkgsr-fLFkr-izK-y{k.ksa gsa xhrsarhy vR;ar egRokpsa izdj.k vkgsa-‘ksaoVpk 72ok Üyksd vafre Qfyr n’kZfo.kkjk vkgs-

Jh Hkxoku~ mokp

iztgkfr ;nk dkeku~ lokZu~ ikFkZ euksxrku~ AvkReU;sokReuk rq”V% fLFkrizKLrnksP;rsAA55AA

dkeuk varjakrhy loZ lksMwfu tks Lo;sa AvkRE;akr fp vls rq”V rks fLFkr-izK cksfyykAA55AA

dkeukR;kxkusa fpŸk vkRE;akr jersa- ex frFksa R;kyk v{k;-lq[kkpkBsok ykHkwu rsa R;akr foj?kGwu tkrsa- ¼5-21½

nq%[ks”kq vuqf}Xueuk% lq[ks”kq foxrLi`g% AohrjkxHk;Øks/k% fLFkr/kh% eqfu% mP;rs AA56AA

uls nq%[kakr m}sx lq[kkph ykylk uls Auls r`”.kk Hk; Øks/k rks fLFkr-izK la;eh AA56AA


139

lqyHk lk/ku& o`fŸklk:I; udks-

;% loZ= vufHkLusg% rŸkr~ izkI; ‘kqHkk’kqHke~ Au vfHkuUnfr u }sf”V rL; izKk izfrf”BrkAA57AA

loZ= tks vuklä cjsa okbZV ykHkrak Au mYykls u larkis R;kph izKk fLFkjkoyhAA57AAlqyHkrj lk/ku& vks?kokárk ulkoh- ¼Hkä-y{k.k 12-17½^;% loZ=vufHkLusg%* vklähps loZp izdkj oT;Z vkgsr- rs pkj foHkkxakrokVrk ;srkr-

1 Lotuklfä 1-37-2 nsgklfä -2-13

3 deZ-Qyklfä 2-474 vdekZlfä 2-47

;nk lagjrs pk;a dweksZ∙³~xkuho loZ’k% AbfUnz;kf.k bafUnz;kFksZH;% rL; izKk izfrf”BrkAA 58AA

?ksbZ vks<wfu laiw.kZ fo”k;akrwfu bafnz;sa Atlk dklo rks vaxsa rsOgak izKk fLFkjkoyhAA 58AA

lqyHkre lk/ku& bafUnz;fu;eu-

fo”k;k fofuorZUrs fujkgkjL; nsfgu% Ajlot± jlks∙I;L; ija n`”ok fuorZrs AA 59AA


140

fujkgkj-cGsa cká lksMh fo”k; lk/kdAvakrhy u lqVs xksMh rh tGs vkRe-n’kZusa AA 59AAfujkgkjkpsa lkeF;Z xhrsyk ekU; vkgs- lk/kdkP;k lk/kusarhyfujkgkj gsa ,d fu%la’k; egRokpsa vax vkgs- i.k R;kP;k‘k‰hyk e;kZnk vkgs ,o<sap lqpok;psa vkgs-

;rrks áfi dkSUrs; iq:”kL; foifÜpr AbfUnz;kfu izekFkhfu gjfUr izlHka eu% AA 60AA

djhr vlrak ;Ru KkR;kP;kfg eukl gha Ausrh [ksapwu osxkusa bafnz;sa nakMxhfp dha AA 60AA

;Ruoku~ KkR;kP;k eukyk tsOgak bfUnz;sa [ksapwu usrkr rsOgak rksgkj [kkr ukgh- foods vkf.k /kS;Z ;k nksUgh ‘kf‰ viqÚ;kiMr vkgsr vlsa ikgwu rks frlÚ;k ‘k‰hpsa] HkxonkJ;kpsavkokgu djrks- ¼ iq<hy Üyksd½

Rkkfu lokZf.k la;E; ;q‰ vklhr eRij%AOk’ks fg ;L;sfUnz;kf.k rL; izKk izfrf”Brk AA 61AA

R;akl jks/kwfu ;q‰husa jgkosa eRijk;.k Abafnz;sa ftafdyha T;kusa R;kph izKk fLFkjkoyh AA 61AA

;ksx-;q‰husa bafnz;fuxzg dlsafg d:u lk/kykp ifgts- rso<îkkusavakryh xksMh lqVsyp vlsa ukgha- R;klkBha ^;q‰ vklhr


141

eRij%* Eg.kts vkRen’kZu gksÅu xksMhfg ukgha’kh gksbZy- bafnz;fuxzgkph ,d loZlkekU; ;qf‰ 6-16]17 e/;sa n’kZfoyhvkgs-/;k;rks fo”k;kUiqal% laxLrs”kwitk;rs AlaxkRlatk;rs dke% dkekRØks/kks∙fHktk;rs AA 62AA

fo”k;akpsa djh /;ku R;kl rks lax ykxyk Alaxkrwfu QqVs dke Øks/k dkeakr Bsfoyk AA 62AA

Øks/k Eg.kts dkeakrwu mRié gks.kkjh fpŸkkph vizlérk vFkok{kksHk- dkeakrwu Øks/k Eg.ktsp {kksHk vo’îkaHkkoh vkgs-

Øks/kkn~Hkofr laeksg% laeksgkRLe`frfoHkze% ALe`frHkza’kkn~cqn~f/kuk’kks cqn~f/kuk’kkRiz.k’îkfr AA 63AA

Øks/kakrwfu tMs eksg eksgkusa Le`fr yksiyh ALe`fryksisa cqn~f/k-uk’k Eg.kts vkRe-uk’kfp AA 63AA

1&Le`fr Eg.kts vkReLe`fr] eh dks.k ;kpsa Hkku ¼18-73½2&cqn~f/k-uk’k Eg.kts cqn~/khph vkRekfHkeq[krk ukfg’kh gks.kas-v’kh cqn~f/k LokHkkfodp fu.kZ;dkjh jkgr ukgh- mGeGhr]lansgkusa Hkjysyh] la’k;kdqy jkgrs- cqn~f/k la’k;kdqy >kyhEg.kts dks.krkfg iq:”kkFkZ lk/k.îkkyk euq”; vleFkZ curks-gkp vkRe-uk’k Eg.kko;kpk- la’k;kRek fou’îkfrA vlsaEgVysp vkgs- ¼4-40½ ;k myV fLFkfr ¼18-73½ e/;san’kZfoyh vkgs-


142

3&vkRe-uk’k Eg.kwu osxGh ik;jh ukgh- cqn~f/k-uk’k >kykEg.kts rksp vkRe-uk’k letko;kpk- oLrqr% vkRE;kpk uk’kgksr ukgh- i.k cqn~/khP;k xq.kkyk vuql:u vkRE;kfo”k;haHkk”kk cksyyh tkrs vlk ,rf}”k;d ,d U;k; czã-lw=akreakMyk vkgs- ¼czãlw= 2]3]29-½

jkx}s”kfo;q‰SLrq fo”k;kfufUnz;SÜpju~ AvkReo’îkSfoZ/ks;kRek izlknef/kxPNfr AA 64AA

jkx-}s”k ijh tkrak vkyh gkrakr bafnz;sa ALokfeRosa fo”k;ha orsZ R;kl ykHks izlérk AA 64AA

izlérk& fpŸkkph fueZyrk] fufoZdkjrk-¼ fu”dkerk-ifj.kke ½

izlkns loZnq%[kkuak gkfujL;ksitk;rs Aizlépsrlks ák’kq cqf)% Ik;Zofr”Brs AA 65AA

izlérsiq<sa loZ nq%[ksa tkrh >Mwfu;ak Aizlérsusa cq)hph fLFkjrk ‘kh?kz gksrls AA 65AA

lk/kdkus fpŸkkph izlérk izkIr d:u ?ks.îkkdMs loZ ‘kf‰ykokoh- ex cq)hP;k fLFkjrslkBha osxGsa dakgha djkosa ykxrukgha-


143

ukfLr cqf)j;q‰L; u pk;q‰L; Hkkouk Au pkHkko;r% ‘kkfUrj’kkUrL; dqr% lq[ke~ AA 66AA

v;q‰kl uls cqf) R;keqGsa Hkkouk uls AEg.kwfu u feGsa ‘kakfr ‘kakrhfo.k dlsa lq[k AA66AA¼1½ v;q‰& ;ksx-;qf‰-foghu( vla;eh] vftrsafnz;-¼2½ cqf)& fLFkjcqf) ¼ fu.kZ;{ke ½¼3½ Hkkouk& cq)hph eqjysyh voLFkk ¼ ikfjHkkf”kd ‘kCn ½¼4½ ‘kakfr&v{kksHk]fodkjksi’ke]fpŸk-lek/kku ¼izkFkfed Lo:i½‘kakrhpsa varhe Lo:Ik Üyksd 71-¼5½ lq[k& vkRelq[k-¼6½ ;qf‰] cqf)] Hkkouk] ‘kakfr vkf.k vkRelq[k gha O;‰hP;kvkf.k lektkP;k thouakrhy ikp loksZŸke ewY;sa ;k Üyksdakrdk;Z-dkj.k-Hkkokusa xqaQyha vkgsr-bfUnz;k.kak fg pjrak ;Ueuks∙uq fo/kh;rs ArnL; gjfr izKak ok;qukZofeokEHkfl AA 67AA

bafnz;sa orZrak LoSj R;akekxsa eu tk; tsa AR;kusa izKk t’kh ukSdk okÚ;kusa [ksapyh tGha AA67AAfLFkrizK-y{k.kakr izKk ‘kCn lkekU; cq)hgwu vf/kd vFkkZpkvkgs- vkRekfHkeq[kcqf) vlk R;kpk vFkZ lakxrak ;sbZy- ghvkRekfHkeq[kcqf) ns[khy la;e f<yk >kY;kl fo”k;kdMs[ksapyh tkÅa ‘kdrs vlsa lwpu Üyksd 67 e/;sa vkgs-rLek|L; egkckgks fux`ghrkfu loZ’k% AbfUnz;k.khfUnz;kFksZH;LrL; izKk izfrf”Brk AA 68AA


144

Eg.kwfu bafnz;sa T;kusa fo”k;akrwfu loZFkk Avks<wfu ?ksryha vakr R;kph izKk fLFkjkoyh AA 68AAÜyksd 58 e/khy izfrKspsa fuxeu-

;k fu’kk loZHkwrkuak rL;ak tkxfrZ la;eh A;L;ak tkxzfr Hkwrkfu lk fu’kk i’îkrks equs% AA 69AA

loZ Hkwrakl th jk= tkxrks la;eh frFksa AloZ Hkwrsa ftFksa tkxha Kkuh ;ksXîkkl jk= rh AA 69AA

;ksxcqf) T;kP;kBk;ha eqjyh vkgs R;k fLFkrizKkP;k n`”Vhusalkjhp thouewY;sa ikyVrkr vlk ;k Üyksdkpk HkkokFkZ vkgs-

vkiw;Zek.kepyizfr”Baleqnzeki% izfo’kfUr ;}r~ A

r}Rdkek ;a izfo’kfUr losZl ‘kkfUrekIuksfr u dkedkeh AA 70 AA

u Hkax ikos Hkjrakfg fuR;leqnz ?ksrks ftjowfu ik.kh A

tkrh rls T;akr ft:fu Hkksxrks ikoyk ‘kakfr u Hkksx-yqC/k AA 70 AA

ftjo.ksa Eg.kts vkRelkr dj.ksa] vkiysa :i ns.ksa- bafnz;}kjkizos’k dj.kkÚ;k fo”k;akuk vkRE;kpsa :Ik ns.ksa gh ,d v˜wr


145

dyk vkgs- rh T;kyk lk/kyh R;kyk v’kakrhpsa dkj.kp jkgrukgh-fogk; dkekU;% lokZUiqeakÜpjfr fu%Li`g% AfueZeks fujgadkj% l ‘kkfUref/kxPNfr AA 71AA

lksMwfu dkeuk loZ fQjs gksÅfu fu%Li`g Avgark eerk xsyh >kyk rks ‘kakfr-:ifp AA 71AA¼1½ fQjs& fLFkrizKkpk thoufogkj&

¼v½ foÜoks)kjklkBha]¼vk½ izkjC/k ‘ks”k Eg.kwu]-¼b½ eq‰ eukusa-

¼2½ fu%Li`g Eg.kts fufjPN] thouklf‰ ulysyk- dkeuklqVyh rjh thouklf‰ m:a ‘kdrs rhfg ulysyk-¼3½ ‘kakfr Eg.kts ije lek/kku&eks{kkph iwoZ dYiuk]^fueZeks fujgadkj%* gsap frpsa Lo:i-

,”kk czkãh fLFkfr% ikFkZ uSuak izkI; foeqáfr AfLFkRokL;keUrdkys∙fi czãfuokZ.ke`PNfr AA 72 AA

vtqZuk fLFkfr gh czkãh ikorak u pGs iqUgak AfVdwfu var-dkGhafg czã-fuokZ.k esGoh AA 72 AA¼1½ ,dnk czkãh fLFkfr ykHkyh Eg.kts euq”; frP;akrwu pGrukgha] vardkGhafg R;kp voLFksar fVdwu jkgrks vkf.k Eg.kwueks{k feGforks- vardkyhu lk/kusph xjt th lkekU; lk/k-dkl jkgrs ¼v/;k; 8½ rh czkãh fLFkfr ykHkY;kuarj jkgrukgh-


146

¼2½ ^ uSuak izkI; foeqáfr * brds EgVY;kuarj ^ fLFkRokL;akvardkys∙fi * gsa iqu:äp- gs czkã.k-ifjozktd-U;k;kusa vkf.kiz;Ru-lkrR;-lwpukFkZ letkos-

¼3½ czkãh fLFkfr&tsFkwu iM.ksa ukgha-czã-fuokZ.k&tsFkwu p<.ksafg ukgha- ¼ xhrspk ikfjHkkf”kd ‘kCn ½

¿14Àv/;k; frljk

vtqZu mokpT;k;lh psRdeZ.kLrs erk cqf)% tuknZu ArfRad deZf.k ?kksjs eak fu;kst;fl ds’ko AA 1AA

cqf) dekZgquh Fkksj ekfulh rwa tuknZuk Aex dek±r dak ?kksj ?kkfylh et ds’kok AA 1AA

nqlÚ;k v/;k;akr thoukpsa lexz n’kZu foo:u >kysa-R;akr dekZph vko’îkdrk ekuyh vlyh rjh R;kpsaxkS.kRo pqdr ukgha- ¼2-49½ Eg.kwu vtqZukpk gk izÜuvkgs- R;kpsa FkksMD;akr mÙkj frlÚ;k v/;k;akrhyifgY;k vf/kdj.kakr ¼ Üyksd 3 rs 8 ½ fnysa vkgsa- rsapiq<sa Üyksd 9 rs 35 i;ZUr foojysa vkgs-


147

O;kfeJs.kso okD;su cqf)a eksg;lho es Arnsda on fufÜpR; ;su Js;ks∙gekI;q;ke~ AA 2AA

feJ cksywfu cq)hl t.kwa eksgakr Vkfdlh AT;kusa eh Js; ikosu lakx rsa ,d fufÜpr AA 2AA

1&vtqZukph fu%ladksp o`fÙk2&uezrk3&rÙo-ftKklk4&fu.kZ;kuqlkj okx.îkkpk fuÜp;Üyksdakrhy ,dsdk pj.kakr ikg.îkklkj[kh vkgsr-

Jh Hkxoku~ mokpyksds∙fLefU}fo/kk fu”Bk iqj kizksäk e;ku?k AKku;ksxsu lak[;kuak deZ;ksxsu ;ksfxuke~ AA 3AA

nqgsjh ;k txha fu”Bk iwohZ eh cksfyyksa vlsa AKkukusa lak[; th ikos ;ksxh deZ d:fu;akAA 3AA

fu”Bk&’ksaoVph voLFkk- ifjiw.kZ fuÜp Bspsa Lo:i ,dp-i.k rh nksu izdkjakuh;kRed fLFkfr-¼1½ fu” ykHkr vlrs- lak[;akph rÙoKkukusa] rj;ksXîkakph iz;ksxiwoZd vFkkZr~ deZ;ksxkusa-


148

¼2½ xhrspk izoäk Jh—“.k ,sfrgkfld O;fä dfYiykvlyk rjh O;fäxr vgadkj yksiysyk okensoor~oSfnd foÜokReHkkokP;k Hkwfedso:u cksy.kkjk] iq:”kksÙkevkgs- R;kpsa Hkk”k.k bZÜojp t.kwa ekuo:iakr cksyr vkgsv’kk Lo:ikpsa vkgs- Eg.kwu R;kP;k rksaMpk êh* gk‘kCn bZÜojokpd letyk ikfgts- rFkkfi vtqZukykletkfor vlY;kpsa Hkkufg dk;e vlY;keqGsae/kwu-e/kwu êh* ‘kCn O;fäokpdfg ;srks- gs nksUgh êh*oDR;kP;k vkUrj vuqHkokusa ,dkp vFkkZps vlY;keqGsabrds lGfelG >kys vkgsr dha ,dk okD;akr O;fä-xr êh* vkf.k nqlÚ;k okD;akr fojkV~ êh* vlsa fnlwu;srs-Uk deZ.kak vukjaHkkr~ uS”dE;± iq:”kks∙Üuqrs Au p laU;lukr~ ,o flf)a lef/kxPNfr AA 4 AA

u dekZjaHk VkGwfu ykHks uS”dE;Z rsa d/khaAlaU;klkP;k fØ;susa fp dks.kh flf) u esGohAA4AdekZP;k laU;klkusa flf) feGwa ‘kdrs 18-49 i.k rsavkReKkukpsa dk;Z vkgs- KkukHkkoh laU;klkpsa p deZgksÅu clrs-

u fg dfÜpR{k.kefi tkrq fr”BR;deZ—r~ Adk;Zrs fg vo’k% deZ loZ% iz—frtSxqZ.kS% AA 5AA


149

dekZfo.k d/kha dks.kh u jkgs {k.k-ek= fg Aiz—rhP;k xq.kha lkjs cakf/kys dfjrkr fp AA 5AA

lkjak’k] deZ dj.îkakr eksBklk xq.k ukgh i.k deZ udj.îkakr eksBk p nks”k vkgs- fu”dke deZ gk ;kojxhrspk rksMxk vkgs- R;kusa u dj.îkkpk nks”k VGwudj.îkakr xq.k nk[ky gksrks-desZfUnz;kf.k la;E; ; vkLrs eulk Leju~ AbfUnz;kFkkZfUoew<kRek feF;kpkj% l mP;rs AA 6AA

bafUnz;sa dfjrh deZ ew< R;akl fp jks/kquh Ajkgrks Hkksx fparwfu rks feF;kpkj cksfyyk AA 6AA

1&ewG la—rakr desZfUnz; vlk ‘kCn iMyk vlyk rjhgk ikfjHkkf”kd iakp deZsfUnz;akpk mYys[k ukgh- nkghbafnz;sa deZ dj.kkjh p vkgsr- Kkusafnz;sa] desZfUnz;sa gkR;akrY;k R;akr Hksn vis{kk—r vkgs- gh nkgh deZdjrkr gk R;akpk nks”k ulwu xq.k vkgs- rks xq.k bZÜojkP;kHkähar Eg.kts p fu”dke deZ;ksxakr] jkcowu ?ks.ksa ghlk/kusph [kqch vkgs- Üyksd 7-2&feF;kpkj Eg.kts <ksaxh p vlsa let.îkkpsa dkj.kukgha- <ksaxh vlsy vFkok <ksaxh ulwu fg T;kpk vkpkjyVdk iMyk&Eg.kts O;FkZ Bjyk&vlk fn’kkHkwy>kysyk fg vlwa ‘kdsy-


150

;fLRofUnz;kf.k eulk fu;E;kjHkrs∙tqZu AdesZfUnz;S% deZ;ksxa vlä% l fof’k”;rs AA 7AA

tks bafUnz;sa eukusa rha usequh R;akl jkcoh AdeZ-;ksxakr fu%lax rks fo’ks”k fp ekfuyk AA 7AA

1&lk/kdkpk lnkpkj rhp ;ksxfu”Bk&varLR;kxhcfg%laxh- 72&;k myV feF;kpkj&var%laxh cfg%LR;kxh Üyksd 6-3&mHk;fHk™k lak[;fu”Bk&varLR;kxh cfgLR;kxh-

fu;ra dq: deZ Roa deZ T;k;ks fg vdeZ.kk A‘kjhj;k=kfi p rs u izfl)îksr~ vdeZ.kk AA 8AA

usfeysa rwa djh deZ dj.ksa gs fp Fkksj dh Arq>h ‘kjhj-;k=k fg dekZfo.k ?kMs fp uk AA 8AA

bfr ys[kulhek

vkIik Bksacjs-


151

dakgha fparusaÜyksd 40& fu”dke deZ dk NksVk-lk ç;kl HkhO;FkZ ugha tkrk gS A ldke deZ dk cMs ls cMkç;kl Hkh O;FkZ gh tkrk gS A ;g ldke cqf) gS];g lnk vlQy gksrh gS( ykHk gks rks Hkh gkfu ghgksrh gS ldke cqf) esa A D;ksafd vis{kk dk dksbZvar ugha gSA tks Hkh feyrk gS] lnk NksVk iMrk gSAtks Hkh lQyrk feyrh gS] og fdlh cMhvlQyrk ds lkeus Qhdh yxrh gS A dqN Hkhfey tk; rks Hkh larks”k dh dgha >yd ugha vkrhAldke deZ] vlQy gksus dks ck/; gS A vlQyrkesa ugha gS mldk jkt] mldk jkt ldke gksus esa gSA—“.k dgrs gSa] ^fu”dke deZ dk NksVk-lk —R; HkhlQy gh gksrk gSA* gksxk gh] D;ksafd vlQyrk dkdksbZ mik; ugha gS A tc fu”dke gS] rks vis{kkjfgr gS A blfy, tks Hkh fey tk;] og Hkh cgqrgS] D;ksafd dksbZ vis{kk ugha Fkh] ftlls mldks NksVkcrk;k tk lds A ml vuar vis{kk ds ikl [khaphx;h dksbZ Hkh lQyrk] lnk NksVh iMrh gS Aysfdu —“.k dg jgs gSa fd vis{kk dh ydhj feVknks A fu”dke deZ dk ;gh vFkZ gS& vis{kk jfgr]Qy dh vkdak{kk jfgr] dkeuk jfgr deZ djuk A


152

vxj vis{kk dh ydhj feVk nks] fQj NksVk-lk HkhdeZ r`fIr gh ykrk gS A fdruk gh NksVk gks og] rksHkh cMk gh gksrk gS] D;ksafd rkSyus ds fy;s uhpsydhj gh ugha gksrh A blfy, fu”dkedehZ dHkh Hkhfo”kkn dks miyC/k ugha gksrk gS A ÝLVs’ku] fo”kkntks gS] og ldke deZ dh Nk;k gS A lHkh fo?u]lc ck/kk,¡¡] lc foQyrk,¡ ldke eu dhfufeZfr;¡k gSa A tjk-lk fu”dke Hkko] vkSj cMs-cMsHk; thou ds nwj gks tkrs gS AÜyksd 41& —“.k dqN vkSj ckr dg jgs gSa A os;g ugha dg jgs gSa fd rqe fuÜp; djks A os ;gdg jgs gSa fd tks fu”dke deZ dh ;k=k ijfudyrk gS] mldks fuÜp;kRed cqf) miyC/k gkstkrh gS( D;ksafd mlds ikl ,d gh eu jg tkrkgS& tks fo”k;ksaesa HkVdrk ugh] tks vis{kk djrkugha] tks dkeuk dh O;FkZrk dks le> ysrk gS] tksHkfo”; ds fy, vkrqjrk ls Qy dh ek¡x ughadjrk] tks {k.k esa vkSj orZeku esa thrk gS& oSlsO;fDr dks ,d eu miyC/k gksrk gS A ,d eufuÜp;kRed gks tkrk gS A rc mls fuÜp; ^djuk*ugha iMrk gS AÜyksd42]43]44& oklukxzLr O;fDr fu”dke deZdh xgjkbZ dks le>us esa vleFkZ gS A tgk¡ deZ lsdkeuk gV tkrh gS] rc tks ‘ks”k jg tkrk gS] ogh


153

deZ;ksx gS A dkeuk ek= dks ‘ks”k dj nsuk gS A blckr dks FkksMk xgjs ls le> ysuk t:jh gS A dfBugS cgqr] D;ksafd lk/kkj.kr% ge lkspsaxs fd fQj deZgksxk gh dSls\ D;ksafd deZ dk êksfVos’ku* deZ dhizsj.kk dgk¡ ls mRié gksxh\ ysfdu —“.k dgrs gSafd ,slk deZ gks ldrk gS] tgk¡ dkeuk ugha gks A;g oDrO; cgqr egRoiw.kZ gS A tks gekjh ftanxhesa ifjfpr ugha gS] mls] gesa fdlh dsa ftanxh esa>kduk iMsxk A gekjh ftanxh gh bfr ugh gS Aigys rks ;gh ns[kuk iMs D;k ;g laHko gS\ vxjlaHkkouk fn[kkbZ iMs] rks dy ‘kk;n lR; Hkh gksldrh gS A

ysfdu egkjkt] ftudks vki lqudj vk jgs gSa]laxhr muds fy, dqN ikusdk lk/ku ugha gS A vkxsdqN Hkh ugha gS] ftls ikusdks os ctk jgs gSa AcfYd ihNs dqN gS] ftl ij mudk laxhr QwV jgkgS] vkSj ct jgk gS A dqN ik fy;k gS] dqN Hkjx;k gS vc og cg jgk gS A dksbZ vuqHkwfr] dksbZlR;] dksbZ ijekRek izk.kksa esa Hkj x;k gS A vc ogcg jgk gS&^vksOgj ¶yks* gks jgk gS A LoHkkor% geHkh iwNrs gS] fdlfy,] fdlfy,\ ij rkulsu usadgk] ^ ufn;k¡¡ fdlfy, cg jgh gS\ Qwy fdlfy,f[ky jgk gS\ lw;Z fdlfy, fudy jgk gS\^fdlfy,* &euq”; dh cqf) us iSnk fd;k gS A


154

lkjk txr~ ,d ^vksOgj ¶yksbax* gS& vkneh dksNksMdj A lkjk txr~ vkxs ds fy, ugha th jgk gS]lkjk txr~ Hkhrj ls th jgk gS A Qwy f[ky jgk gS(f[kyus esa gh vkuan gS A lw;Z fudy jgk gS]fudyus esa gh vkuan gS A gok,¡¡ cg jgh gS] cgusesa gh vkuan gS A vkdk’k gS] gksus esa gh vkuan gS Avkuan dgha ls vkrk ugha] og vHkh gS] ;gha gS AvkSj tks gks jgk gS] og Hkhrj dh mtkZ dk vdkj.kcgko gS A og ^vUeksfVosVsM ,sDV* gS& ftl ijfd —“.k dk lkjk deZ;ksx [kMk gksxk A og thoudks Hkfo”; dh rjQ ls idMuk ugha] og thou dksvkdak{kk dh rjQ ls [khapuk ugha] oju~ O;fDr dsHkhrj fNik gqvk tks vO;Dr gS] mldh ^vksOgj¶yksbax*] mldk mij ls cg tkuk gS A —R;] mlfnu fu”dke gS A izkFkZuk tc ^vUeksfVoVssM* gS(fdlh dks ikus ds fy, ugh oju~] Hkhrj ds Hkko lstUeh vkSj vius esa iwjh gS] vkxs dqN }kj ugha[kkst jgh gS& rks izkFkZuk gS A mlh {k.k esa izkFkZuklQy gS] ftl {k.k izkFkZuk fu”dke gS A izR;sd deZizkFkZuk cu tkrk gS] vxj fu”dke cu tk; A geiq.; Hkh djrs gSa] rks dqN ikus dks djrs gS A vkSj—“.k dg jgs gSa fd ikus ds fy, djuk gh v/keZgSA ikus dh vkdak{kk ds fcuk gh tks —R; dk Qwyf[kyrk gS& ^nh ¶ykWofjax vkWQ~ I;qvj vWDV*] ‘kq)


155

deZ tc f[kyrk gS] fcuk fdlh dkj.k ds] rHkhog /keZ-—R; gqvk A vxj drZO; esa tjk-lh Hkhvdak{kk gS] rks drZO; iki gks x;k A ;g gesdfBu iMsxk] D;ksafd gekjh ftanxh esa ,slk dksbZ HkhdeZ ugha gS] ftlls gekjh igpku gks] ftlls gele> ik;sa A flQZ ns[krs jgs( Nkrk mBkdj nsa vkSjjkLrs ij py iMs vkSj Hkhrj ns[krs jgs fd dksbZek¡x rks ugha mBrh& /kU;okn dh Hkh A mBsxh(ysfdu~ nks-pkj —R;ksa esa ns[krs jgs vkSj vpkudik;saxs fd D;k ikxyiu gS ! fnu esa tks vkneh,d —R; Hkh ^vUeksfVosVsM* dj ys] ogh —“.k dhxhrk dks le> ik ldrk gS A ,d —R; Hkh] ?k.Vsesa] dj ys] ftlesa fd dqN ek¡x u gks] psruvpsru dksbZ ek¡x u gks & fd;k vkSj gV x;s vkSjpy x;s& rks —“.k dh xhrk dks] —“.k ds deZ;ksxdks le>us dk ekxZ [kqy tk,xk A ;g —“.k vtqZuls tks dg jgs gS] og iwjh dh iwjh iz;ksxkRed ckrgS A deZ;ksx dk lkj gS % dkeuk ‘kwU; deZ( dkels dkeuk x;h A geus rks ^dke* gh ‘kCn j[kkgqvk gS] deZ ds fy, A D;ksafd dke dkeuk ls ghcurk gS A ge rks dgrs gS dke ogh gS] tks dkeukls fudyrk gS A ysfdu —“.k dgrs gSa] dke lsvxj dkeuk ?kV tk; rks og deZ-;ksx gks tkrk gSA


156

rks fQj og lk/kkj.k deZ ugha jg tkrk gS( og ;ksxcu tkrk gS A rks u iki gS] u iq.; gS] u ca/ku gS]u eqfDr gS& rc }a} ds ckgj gS O;fDr A

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