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EDITED BY THE SEORETARY.
•\zzlldatilln ."
Postal Lldd1'ess-CYRUS E. BROOKS, The Link, Maloern,
" The Wages of Sin is Death; but the gift of God is Eternal Life through Jesus Christ our Lord."
No. 5. ver, IV. PRICE ONE PENNYFEBRUARY, 1881.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE.
The Truth about Hell
" His Soul withiu Him"
Giants-Ancient and Modern ..•
A Lesson-Judges viii. 4-17 ...
" The Lord Himself shall descend."
Notes and News
Members' Berean Class
Correspondence Extracts
Correspondence ...
Question and Answer
Church and Mission News ...
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CYRUS E. BROOKS, Secretary, The Link, Malvern.
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70 THE BIBLE STANDARD.
SPECIAL NOTES.
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te.nder o~', hear~y thanks to those donors on behalf of our Torquay
fnends.-1 he Link, lJ1alvem, Jan. 13.-CYRUS E. BROOKS.
THE TRUTH ABOUT HELL.
By J. C. AKESTER.
THE word hell occurs twenty times in the New Testament. In the
Greek, three words are used, having very different significations, but
rendered mostly in our translation by the word Hell; a word that has
become, by the inflated preaching of the day, of such an awful, ominous
character, and conveying a meaning of such terrible import, that I feel
bound to quote every passage in full, so that the truth, as taught by
God in His word, may be seen, and His character vindicated from one of
the foulest aspersions that the devil has ever cast upon it. The three
words used are, Gehenna, Hades aud Tartaros, Gehenna is translated
"Hell" nine times, and" Hell-fire" once. Hades is translated "Grave,"
twice, and "Hell," eleven times. Gehenna is the equivalent of the
Hebrew word Ghe-Hinmom; or valley of Hinnom, (Josh. xv. 8.), the
scene of the Moloch worship. The name was not derived from the
worship of Moloch, but from the latter use of the valley for burning the
refuse of the city of Jerusalem, also the bodies of criminals, &c. by fires
kept constantly bnrning.
If it was intended as a figure of the eternal hell of the theologians, it
failed entirely, as it was only the carcases and not living bodies of ani-
mals, &c. that were cast into it, see also Isa. !xvi. 24.
The following passages are those in which the word Gehenna is used:
Matt. v. 22, "Shall be in danger of Gehenna fire." Matt. v. 29-30,
"For it is profitable for thee, that one of thy members should
perish, and n9t that thy whole body should be cast into Gehenna."
Matt. x. 28, "And fear not them which kill the body, but are not
to kill the soul; but rather fear Him who is able -to destroy both
and body in Gehenna." Observe, the idea here, is not keeping the li
body in eternal torture, but d.estroying both it and the sonl,-the lif
1Jfatt. xviii. 8, Mark ix. 47, "Wherefore if thy hand or foot offend
cut them off, and cast them from thee; it is better for thee to enter
life halt or maimed, rather than having two hands or two feet to be
into everlasting fire. And if thine eye offend thee pluck it out, andit from thee; it is better for thee to enter into life with one eye, ra
than having two eyes to be cast into Gehenna fire." This passage sh
that everlasting fire, and Gehenna are synonymous. IJIatt. xxiii. 15,
make him twofold more the child of Gehenna than yourselves. IJ
xxiii. 33, Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape
damnation, (Greek Kriseos, condemnation, and in all other passa
where this word occnrs), of Gehenna ?" Mark ix. 43. and 45. are para
passages to Matt. x. 28.; Luke xii. 5, to Matt. x. 28. Jas. iii. 6, "
th~ tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity; so is the tongue among
members, that it defileth the whole body, and setteth on fire the co
of nature; and it is set on fire of Gehenna."-Hades is the equiva
Greek word for Sheol, which denotes a hollow abyss, or cavity, as
the English word" Hell," and "·Hole,"-Germlln, "Halle," and "Houl
Dr. Young in his Anylitical Lexicon, gives as the meaning of "Sheo
the unseen state. Sheol is variously translated in the A. V.,-"hell.
Ps. ix. 17. Num, xvi. 30.-" pit." Gen. xlii. 38.-" grave." Its us
the word of God wonld lead to the conclusion that it is a state or
dition, rather than a place or locality; the following are the places wh
it occurs, Matt. xi. 23, Luke x. 15, "And thon Capernaum, which
exalted unto heaven, shall be brought down to Hades." Matt. xvi.
"And upon this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades s
not prevail against it." Luke xvi. 23, "In Hades he lifted up his eye
Acts ii. 27, 31, "Because thou wilt not leave my soul in Hades, neit
wilt Thou suffer Thy Holy One to see corruption." Rev. i. 18, "A
have the keys of Hades and death." Rev. vi. 8, "And Hades follow
with him." Rev. xx. 13-14, "And death and Hades delivered up
dead which were in them, and death and Hades were cast into the l
of fire." A careful perusal of the above passages ought to convince
most bigoted, that the eternal torture of the lost, is not taught in any
them; the last passage especially proving the contrary, for in it we
told, that death and Hades, (hell according to the common translation
gave up the dead, that were in them, not the souls that were in tortu
in the latter place; again, they are both said to be cast into the lake
fire, so that if Hades be hell, we have the absurd statement, that i
cast into itself.
Turtaros, 2 Pet. ii. ± , "For if God spared not the angels that sinne
but cast them down to =Tartaros." Bullinger says,-" 'I'artaros is
Sheolor Hades, where all men go in death. Nor is it where the wic
are to be consumed or destroyed, which is Gehenna. Not the abode
men in any condition. It is used only here, and here only of the ang
that sinned, see Jude vi. It denotes the bound or verge of this mater
world. The extremity of this lower air,-of which Satan is the prin
Eph. ii. 2, and of which Scripture speaks as having 'the rulers ofdarkness of this world,' and, 'wicked spirits in aerial regions.' 'Ta
taros' is not only the bound of this material creation, but is so called fr
its coldness." That there is a place of punishment is plain from su
Scripture as JlIatt. xxv. 4.; 2 Thess. i. 9.; Rev. xx. 11-15. That punis
ment is according to works. Luke xii. 47-48.; Rom. ii. 12-16. "Th
punishment will have an end." 1 Cor. xv. 24-28. "The devil hims
shall be destroyed," Heb. ii.' 14.15. .,And all his works," 1 John iii.
'I'he outcome of which will be, a kingdom worthy of God,-ushered
*For a. complete exposniou of this passage, read "The Rioh Ma.n end Laearu
Bd. by W. A. Hobbs, 11 Oondiuoual Immortality ASBO cia.tion "
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BIBLE STANDARD.
by a new creation,-the glory of which the wildest fancy of man never
pictured. A word or two as to the meaning of" everlasting punishment,"
in Matt. xxv. 46. I would urge that it is the results that are everlasting,
not the act. The same word is used in connection with Redemption,
Heb. ix. 12,-Salvation, Heb, v. 9,-Judgment, Heb. vi. 2. But no ono
would contend for a moment that each of these would go on for ever, no!
Salvation has taken place, Redemption and Judgment will, and the
results will be everlasting.
Reader, is your name written in the" Lamb's book of life"? If not,
ponder, deeply aud thoughtfully these words,-"And I saw a great white
throne, and Him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the
heaven fled away; and there was no place found for them. And I saw
the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened;
and another book was opened, which is the book of life; and the dead
were judged of these things, which were written in the books, according to
their works. And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and
death and hades delivered up the dead that were in them; and they
were judged every man according to their works. And death and hades
were cast into the lake of fire; this is the second death. And whoso-
ever was not found written in the book of life, was cast into the lake of
fire." Rev. xx. 11-15.
"HIS SOUL WITHIN :HIM."
By RD. PHILLIPS.
MR. F. W. GRA.NT,in his work" Life and Immortality," has made a
great deal of these words, which occur in Job xiv. 22. "But his flesh
upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn." He
prints the sentence thus,-" His soul within him; " and insists upon it,
that these words prove that Job considered man to be a soul dwelling
within a body. "Should it be," he asks,-confident, apparently, of no
one being able to answer him,-" his creature within him," "his person
within him," "his life within him," "his desire shall mourn," "or
what?" Now such language as this from one who can quote Hebrew is
inexplicable, and shows either gross ignorance of the original, or culpable
carelessness in not consulting it; for one is loth to think that he could
be guilty of downright dishonesty in taking advantage of what he knew
to be a mistranslation.
That this passage is wrongly rendered may, I think, be made apparent
to those who. do not understand the original. The first thing that
strikes one on turning to this, is that the English words "upon him,"
and "within him," are the translation of one word, alaiv. The
word means, "upon him or it," or "over him or it"; and the whole
passage (aph b'saro alaiv yikhav v'naphsho alaiv teval) should be read,
Su1'tly his flesh is pained over it, and his soul, (i.e. he himself,) 11l0'U1'?tS
OVe?' it; the it being, most probably, the fact of his having to die, as
stated iu v. 20. Exactly the same construction is found in Hosea x. 5.
"Ri aval alaiv amm? ookhinaraiv alaiv yaghiloo). "For the people
thereof shall mourn over it, and the priests thereof that rejoiced on it"
or over it. Grammar and analogy,-the grammar and analogy ofScripture therefore, are against Mr. Grant.
In each of the following texts, I have translated the Hebrew word
nephesh by the English word soul, by which word our translators have
rendered it in tha above passage, and in most of the other instances of
its occurrence; understanding by this word, an immaterial and immortal
entity. In the following instances, the Hebrew word has been rendered
by pronouns, and "liIe,"" self." "appetite." Had they translated it as
below, it would ha ve been. a rude shock to many who are accustomed
to read their own meaning, into. Scripture; instead, o~ trying to get
God's. meaning out of U,
The passages in question must present considerable difficulty to tho
who, like Mr. W. F. Grant, imagine that man is a soul living inside
body. Fortunately for them, but uufortunately for the truth, the dif
culty has been in great measure concealed from them by our translation;
the more exact rendering of the original being relegated to the margin
that is, where it has been given at all, for in some instances no secon
reading has been furnished us. No fault is to be found with the tran
lation of these texts, as the real meaning of the original has been correctlgiven; indeed, had our translators rendered the word nephesh where
occurs elsewhere, as correctly as they have done in these places, a va
amount of misconception would have been prevented. Still it wou
certainly b~ desirable that the more literal rendering should in all cas
be inserted in the margin.
Num. xxiii. 10, "Let my soul die the death of the righteous."
Judges xvi. 30, "And Sampson said, Let my soul die with t
Philistines. "
Job xviii. 4, "He teareth his soul in his anger."
Job xxxi. 39, "If I have eaten the fruits thereof without money,
have caused the owners thereof to lose their soul."
Job xxxvi, 14, "Their souldieth in youth."
Ps. cv. 18, "Whose feet they hurt with fetters: his soul was laid
iron." The Church of England prayer book version of the psalms h" The iron entered into his soul."
Pro». xiii, 8, The ransom of a man's soul are his riches."
P7·OV. xiv. 10, "The heart knoweth the bitterness of its soul."
Prov. xxiii. 2, "If thou be a master of soul."
Isia. v. 14, "Wherefore hell hath enlarged her soul, and opened h
mouth without measure."
Isia. xlvi. 2, "Their souls are gone into captivity."
$
GIANTS-ANClJ~NT AND MODERN.
ByW. J.
THA.T there is nothing new under the sun, may truly be said, when
compare the days in which we live with the days of Noa
"There were giants in the earth in those days," (Gen. vi.
and it may truly be said there are giants in these days, t
only difference being that those were physical, and these are intellectual
The Word clearly points this out to ns; in 1Tim, we have the ter
"The latter times," but in 2 Tim. iii. 1, "The last days," a ter
referring more particularly to the end of this age, and we are told
verse 2, "men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous, boaster
proud, &c." How is it that man, a fallen creature, can be all this, a
even think himself immortal? It is because knowledge puffeth u
iutellectuality is the cause of this self-exaltation that characterises m
in these last days, just as through physical power in the days of Noa
We have the Lord Himself testifying (Luke xvii.) that" as it was in t
days of Noah, so shall it be also in the days of the Son of Man," a
when we contemplate the painful fulfilment of what is predicted of t
last days, it surely speaks to us that the days of the Son of Man
very near at hand.
In the Antediluvian period, when the sword of government was n
put into man's hand, Satan could not be the ruler of the darkness
the world, in the way he now is, for there were not then governmenta
powers to corrupt ; it was only power over the inferior creatures th
was entrusted to Adam, for we find no trace of the sceptre or the sw
among men as ruling over or subject to one another till the days
Noah, then it was that that principle was established, "whoso shedde
man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed" (Gen. ix. 6. ) Man had
be tried without Law for having broken one law; he was leIt to manife
what was in, his heart; and how these 16,56 years (i.e. from A.!1am
7
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74 THE BIBLE STANDARD.
schools. The priestly party have entirely failed, in their effort made in
the Senate, to secure their restoration. As an illustration of the de-
basing tendency of image-worship, we may add the complaint of one of
the school-children-when the police were removing the plaster f igures
-" They have taken away the good God, and what shall we put in its
place." This needs no comment-a plaster crucifix" the good God."
_We extract the following report of a recent meeting from an
American paper. The leading speakers were the Rev. Henry Ward
Beecher, and Col. Robert Ingersoll, a noted Infidel Lecturer :-" Albert
Dagget was called upon to preside, but he gave way to Henry Ward
Beecher, who said: 'The man who is to speak to you to-night is not to
speak in a conveuticle or church, but he is one who has done valuable
things for the right without variableness or shadow of turning. In the
name of common humanity and true faith and true liberty I give him
the right hand of fellowship.' Mr. Beecher turned to Mr. Ingersoll,
took his hand, and both bowed, while the audience applauded the
tableau. 'I'hen Mr. Beecher said that Mr. Ingersoll was the most
brilliant speaker of the English tongue in any land on the globe. As
underneath the brilliancy of the flame are solid coals of fire, so under-
neath the lambent fire of his wit there are imperishable living coals of
soundest truth.
"Iugersoll felt awkward, apparently, at such a gushing stream of
praise from the Plymouth pastor, and as he arose he seemed to meditate
revenge. He worked his lips, wiped the beads of perspiration off his
brow, and seeming to wink at the reporters, said: 'The world waited
thousands of years for Henry Ward Beecher, and the world will wait a
long time for another.' Then Mr. Ingersoll dashed off into a speech.
Later on Mr. IngersoU, turning to Mr. Beecher, said: 'I want to thank
you that your intellectual horizon is large enough, your sky broad
enough and studded with stars enough to enable you to grasp the hand
of a man in the cause of humanity, however much he disagrees with
you.' Upon this there was another tableau and great cheering. At the
close of the love feast NIl'. Beecher obtained a vote of thanks for
Ingersoll, and Ingersoll got three cheers for Beecher."
We are glad that all Christian people are not in this like the above
rev. gentleman. That some still cherish regard for the honour of their
Master, and the Truth of God. AMember of our Association, Mr. Allen B.
Magruder, of Virginia, has challenged this bold blasphemer to public
discussion, as to the truth of Holy Writ. Or rather, to be exact, he
has accepted the challenge of Col. Robert Ingersoll, and undertaken to
prove the Bible to be the Word and Will of God. As he will have to
. discuss with one of the keenest wits and most eloquent speakers of
America, he will need an interest in the prayers of Bible-lovers.
_" Man's Only Hope of Immortality." We have secured a parcel of
this valuable pamphlet from Canada, and can post it free for fourteen
penny stamps sent direct to us-Cyrus E. Brooks, the Link, Malvern.
It is a'u unanswerable argument for the total unconsciousness of the
death-state, founded upon the conversation between our Saviour and
the Sadducees (Luke xx. 27-38). The work is published at 25 cents.
(1/01) in Canada, so that it is purely in the interests of our readers that
we offer to furnish copies on the terms stated.
Malvern, Jan. 10.-EDITOR.
MEMBERS' BEREAN CLASS.
[Under this heading we devote a portion of our space sto.tedly to the use of Mt:11tbers ofthe AS8ociation,-to whom it will be confined,-for the purpose of mutual help.Our own part will simply be that of receiving and selecting correspondence, andplacing it in the most suitable form before our readers. Three things we requirefrom all contributors :-1. Brevity j 2. Simplicity; 3. Charity.-ED. OFB. S. ]
THISmonth we confine ourselves exclusively to the replies received in
answer to the suggestion of the Rev. H. B. Murray, that we should
invite correspondence on Mark ix. 49 :-" FO' evel'y one shall be
with fire, and every sacrifice shall be salted with salt." For his a
see January issue.." l'URIFIEDBY FIRE," page 6 ,1 , .
REPLY BY GENERAL H. GOODWYN.
With reference to Mark ix. 49, I remark that the context m
observed. The Lord, in addressing Jews, drew their attention
"meat offering" of Lev. ii., in order to illustrate His precept.
true force of the passage is, " For everyone shall be salted TOor F
fire [of the altar], even every sacrifice shall be salted with salt."
word "pas," in Greek, may mean everyone person, 01' everyone
and the word for "fire" is, in the dative, " puri." The Greek co
tion, "gar," FOR, relates to the words of Divine morality, where
Lord had been enjoining the observance of moral purity, at the cos
of the" hand," the" foot," or the" eye." Salt was the emblem
corruptness, as instituted of God; and to the significancy o
emblem the Lord refers, enjoining a life of sacrificial. purity, wo
the altar of God. (Rom. xii. 1-2. Leo. ii. 13.)
Let now the final words of the Lord be considered, as in ver
consistently carrying on the meaning of "Salt," according
orthodox teaching of Mr. Murray's companion, now exposed;
are required to understand that the fire of Gehenna is " good," an
the disciples were to have the fire of Gehenma "in themselves!"
such absurdities is the Holy Word engaged by thoughtless obs
of Tradition!
For the meaning of verses 44-45, the last two verses of Isa.
sufficiently explanatory. It is on putrescent" caj'cases" that
worm" feeds, and" dieth not," as long as it finds food. Then a
the worm leaves, the fire consumes, and is " not quenched," i.e , n
out, but dies out when nought but" dust" remains.-Read-ing, D
REPLY BY MAJOR G. J. VAN SOMEREN.
In January's issue Mr. Murray tells us of his having met a "mini
who, quoting Mm'k ix. 49, as warrant for his belief, said (a )
lake of fire is a purifying fire. Its purpose is not to destroy the
but to purify and purge him. Why, it is as plain as possible.
not say, (b ) 'Every sacrifice shall be salted with fire;' that
purified by fire. (c ) Salt was offered with the Jewish sacrifices to
them pure and acceptable to God; and so the sinner is to be m
ceptable to God by fire."
You, sir, ask for "short seasonable" papers on this subject.
must judge whether this is seasonable, but premising that a reply
on such a subject, be given in half a dozen words, I will be as sh
practicable.
First, let me test the" minister's" words by the Word of God. (a
lake of fire is a purifying fire, Its pt!1-pose is not to destroy the
but to pzt1'ify and purge him." What warrant has the "minister
this assertion? The Word says, "the lake of fire. This is the
death. And whatever was not found written in the Book of Life, w
into the lake of fire." To a plain man the meaning would su
this, "Whosoevel' has not his name written in the Book of Life sha
his part in the second death." Again, our Lord, in the verses pre
the text at the head of this paper, tells His disciples that the
undergo any pain in ridding themselves of anything that may
He then speaks of the Gehenna, "where their worm dieth not,
fire is not quenched." The words are quoted from Isa. lxvi. 24.
we read of the "carcasses" cast into the pit, and which were
burned to ashes or left to moulder, and be devoured of worms.
any suggestion here of purification. ? When chaff is burned u
that operation suggest the idea of the farmer wishing thereby to
it for preservation? The Word tells us that "the wages o
death." The Lord tells us that the punishment is "eternal."
"the second death" is eternal, and that shuts out all hope o
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THE BIBLE STANDARD. 75
of a sinful sacrifice, or the purifying, whether by salt or fire, of a sinner
In one case the fire burns the offering as a sweet savour to God, in th
other the sin offering was consumed, "without the camp," and n
word of sweet saVOUTis associated with it anywhere.
The point I desire to urge is, that as salt was used in the sacrifices
and oblations which in their nature contemplated the offerer as an ac
cepted and purified worshipper, the thought of salt being a type of fire
purifying and purging the impenitent sinner, cannot be admitted. Thi
position is strengthened by the fact, that while both salt and fire ar
used in such sacrifices, there is one exception. And how beautiful it is
It is in the same chapter of Leu., (ti,) verse 12, "As for the oblation
of the first fruits, ye shall offer them unto the Lord: but they shall no
be burnt on the altar f::ir a sweet savour." Compare Lev. xxiii. 10-11
" When ye be come into the land which I give unto you, and shall reap th
harvest thereof, then ye shall bring a sheaf of the first fruits of you
harvest unto the priest: and he shall wave the sheaf before the Lord, t
be accepted for you: on the morrow after the Sabbath the priest shal
wave it:" The first fruits, "Christ, the first fruits." He was raised th
morrow after the Sabbath, eighteen centuries ago, and on that morning
fulfilled the last of the offerings. What has fire to do with trying an
more the Holy One who has passed through the refining furnace, wh
has been raised and who was taken up in glory? And see, the pries
shall" wave the sheaf before the Lord, to be accepted for you," for us"Christ the first fruits, afterwards they that are Christ's at H
coming.
The Lord, in Mm'!> ix. 50, says, "Have salt in yourselves." If, as th
" minister" said, salt typifies the purifying flre of Gehenna, then w
must understand "salt" in verse 50, as in verse 49, and, I write th
words with pain, are we to read verse 50, "Have the purifying lake
fire in yourselves?" Salt is something that the child of God was
have in himself. Now salt preserves flesh and earth-grown vegetables
It also gives them a flavour. "Be at peace with one another." Th
Apostle Peter exhorts, (chapter iii. 14-16, of first epistle,) his hearer
when" suffering for righteousness sake," to "sanctify the Lord God
their hearts, and be ready always to give an answer to every mau tha
asketh you a reason of the hope that is in you, with meekness and fea
having a good conscience." The Apostle Paul exhorts the Colossian
(chapter iv. 6,) to let their" speech be always "with grace seasone
with salt, that ye may know, how ye ought to answer eve
man." These words are a paraphrase of 1J1 ark ix. 50. We are called
" endure hardness"; to "fight a good fight"; to "have a conscienc
void of offence towards God and towards man." To do this requires,
the part of a Christian, many a wrench, many a terrible struggle;.
demands the cutting off of "a hand," "a foot," the taking out of "
eye," if it offends. It is only thus that we can prove here, in the flesh
that we are God's children, that we have the Spirit of Christ in us, an
the flesh must often suffer greatly. Thus only can we do what th
Apostle Paul calls npon us all to do, " I beseech you, therefore, brethren
by the mercies of God, that ye present yam' bodies a living sacrific
holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service." Rom. x
1. If the" salt hast lost its saltness," what is it good for? Indeed,
is no light thing to be called a Christian. May we all walk godl
righteous, and soberly before God" looking unto Jesus the author an
finisher of faith," and so we shall prove our calling and election, an
He will give us both the power and the reward, who died for us that w
might have life, and "that we might have it more abundantly. "Th
gate is strait, let ns who are of the light, see that we enter it. "If a
man sin we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the Righ
eous." "But if we walk in the light, as He is in the light, we ha
fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His S
clesnseth us from all sin." "The blood of sprinkling" closes the cat
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76 THE BIBLE
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logue of what we have "come to." That cleanses the sinner, and
" washed in his fellow's blood, the living bird went free." He shall
never have his part in "the lake of fire. This is the second death,"
but he shall be raised" incorruptible," "immortal," "like Him." May
we all attaiu to that. London, January 1st.
REPLY BY !VIr.. WILLIAM LAING.
In response to the suggestion made in The Bible Standard for last
month, page 6 ,1 " I beg to submit the following as explanatory of the
passage in question.
Like Mr. Murray, I had been accustomed to find the passage used in
support of the idea that the doom of the lost is perpetual existence in
quenchless flames; but. that it is used to support the opposite doctrine
of Universal Restoration, is another illustration of the adage, " extremes
meet." And the fact ef the language being understood to refer to the
punishment of the impenitent, at all, is another illustration of a common
practice of using the language of Scripture, for a purpose, which the
context shows, it was not intended to serve.
Albert Bames, in his notes on the passage, justly remarks that" The
main scope of the passage was not to discourse on future punishment.
That is brought in incidentally." Let the reader turn to the context
from which the text in question is taken, and he will find that the Lord
is enforcing, by the most expressive language, the necessity of the sep-
aration of everything from the disciple that hinders his entrance into
life, however valued that thing may be, or whatever amount of pain the
cutting off may cause,-like cutting off a right hand, or plucking out a
right eye. It is better to "enter into life" thus, than to be cast into
the fire of Gehenna, "where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not
quenched."
Anticipating, perhaps, the enquiry, "Why such severity?" He
immediately adds, "For everyone shall be salted with fire, and every
sacrifice shall be salted with salt." "Fire," to quote again from Albert
Barnes,-" Fire, here, therefore, denotes self-denials, sacrifices, trials,
in keeping ourselves from the gratif ication of the flesh. As if He had
said: Look at the sacrifice on the altar; it is an offering to God; about
to be presented to Him. It is sprinkled with salt, emblematic of PURITY,
of PRESERVATION, and of fitting it, therefore, for a sacrifice. So you are
devoted to God. To make you acceptable offerinqs, everything must be
done to preserve you ham sin; to purify you and make you fit offerings."
"Doing this, you will be acceptable offerings, and be saved; without
this, you will be lost."
The Universalist Baptist Minister was right, in understanding the
language as denoting a purifying process; but he was wrong in project-
ing that process, beyond the life that now is. The purification was not for
sinners, after they die, but for disciples in the present life, that they might
not perish, but enter into life eternal; hence the Lord adds, "Salt is
good; but if the salt have lost his saltness, wherewith will ye season
it?" (The Lord knew nothing of "The Larger hope.") "Have salt
in yourselves, and have peace one with another."
Edinburgh, Jan. 4th.
REPLY BY REV. G. P. MACKAY.
As previously stated, some believe this means that the wicked shall
be purified (for final restoration) by " Hell "-fire, and others, that they
shall be preserved (for eternal torments) by it, and the opinions of
our brethren are desired that" the happy medium" may be pointed out.
I beg to submit that there is no "medium," for the truth does not lie
anywhere between these- two notions. The passage has nothing to do
with the wicked, nor with the fire of future punishment. Reading from
v. 33, we see that Christ is urging His disciples to be ready to make
sacrifices (of themselves) for the sake of life eternal; just as Paul, in
Rom. xii. 1, says, " I beseech you, therefore, brethren, by the mercies of
God, that ),e present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto
God, which is your reasonable service." And here, in verse 49,
shows that such sacrifice shall certainly be required of them:
everyone (of His followers) shall be salted (as the Levitical sac
were, but) with fire," (" The fiery trial which is to try you," 1 P
12.) The Levitical sacrifices were salted, not to purify them, fo
were already (if according to command,) animals "without blem
nor to preserve them, for they were immediately afterwards consu
but" to make a sweet savour unto the Lord." And the believ
"salted with fire" of trial, (" for we are unto God a sweet savo
Christ; ") " that the trial of your faith, being much more precious
of gold (or animal sacrifice,) that perisheth, though it be tried wit
might be found unto praise and honour and glory at the appeari
Jesus Christ." (1 Pet. i. 7.)
Lincoln, Jan. 5.
REPLY OF MR. R. J. HAMMOND.
The difficulty in lYla?'k ix. 49, surmounted in seven easy and r
steps.
Step l.-IIeb. xii. 29, "For our God is a consuming fire."
Note-" Our God," not a preseruinq, or tormenting, or pU?'ifying
a" consuming fire." Having such a God, we expect a kingdom
28) which cannot be shaken, froln which all evil persons and
have been removed=-coxstms»: therefore, to secure that kingdom
hold fast grace, and worship with reverence and godly fear, acceptaStep 2.-Deut. iv. 24, "For the Lord thy God is a consuming
jealous God."
Note-The consuming fire is the jealousy of God; jealousy is in
Love; God is Love; erqo, God is in His Nature a consuming fire:
Love is strong as death; jealousy hard as sheol ; the coals thereof,
of fire, a most vehement flame."-Sol. Song, viii. 6.
Step 3.-Zeph. iii. 8, "To pour upon them Mine indignation, a
fierce anger; for all the earth shall be devoured with the fire
jealousy."
Note-Gad's Love being turned by sin into Jealousy, becomes
vouring fire, and is righteously manifested in indignation and
anger. As also see Nah. i. 2, 3, "God is jealous, and the Lo
vengeth; the Lord revengeth, aud is furious; the Lord will
vengeance on His adversaries, and He reserveth wrath for His ene
The Lord is slow to anger, and great in power, and will not at all
the wicked; the Lord hath His way in the whirlwind and in tbe
and the clouds are the dust of His feet."
Step 4.-Lev. ix. 24, "And there came a fire out from befo
Lord, and consumed upon the altar the burnt-offering. and th
when all the people saw, they shouted, and fell on their f
(x. 1, 2), "And Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, took eith
them his censer, and put fire therein, and put incense thereon
offered strange fire before the Lord, which He commanded them
And there went out fire from the Lord, and devoured them, and
died before the Lord."
Note A.-A flash from the Shekinah between the Cherubim, k
the wood on the altar, and the savour of the offering ascended w
ceptance to the Lord. who thus approved of the offering, and re
the people. Another flash from the Shekinah, but iu jealous, righ
anger, and not in lov~, smote the two priests lifeless to the
they are taken out (see vel'. 5) in their coats, and buried.
Note B.-The lake of fire is not needed to take away th
of the wicked, (though some, perhaps many, or all, may be cast
into it), but rather to utterly, eternally destroy soul and carcase.
Isa. lxvi. 24.)
Note C.-Couple with the above, Num, xi. 1, where the sam
of the Lord burned in the Camp, when the people murmured.
Step 5.-2 Kings i. 10, 12, 14, "And there came down fire
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THE BIBLE STANDARD. ,7
heaven (the fire of God, ver. 12), and consumed him and his fifty."
Gen. xix. 24, " Then the Lord rained upon Sodom and Gomorrah brim-
stone and fire from the Lord out of heaven."· Jude 7, " Suffering the
vengeance of eternal fire."
Note-Is not the electric fire meant here? The triune force, light,
heat, electl"icity,-light, life, fire. Threefold in manifestation, one in
essence. This one force is convertible, according to circumstances, into
three.
Step 6.-Matt. xxv. 41, "Depart from Me, ye cursed, into (the)
everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels."
Note A.-The Rebellion of Satan brought forth a display of the
righteousness of God, even His just jealousy, His nature-Love, which
will and must burn till it utterly consumes him (Satan) and all his
aiders and abetters, and then God shall be " all in all."
Note B.-If another outburst of evil could be conceived, the
everlasting fire would be necessarily re-kindled, to consume it.
Step 7.-Mark ix. 43," If thy hand cause thee to offend, cut it
off; it is better for thee to enter into life maimed, than having two
hands to go into hell, into the fire that never shall be quenched."
Note A.-The exercised soul casts off a member, in self-judgment, to
be destroyed by the everlasting fire, rather than finally to be cast into it
himself. "And if thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out, and cast it
from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should
perish, and not that thy whole body should be cas' into hell." "For
everyone shall be salted with fire, and every sacrifice shall be salted
with salt." Matt. v.29; lYI{wk ix. 49.
Note B.-As every burnt-offering had its acceptability inereased by
being seasoned with salt, so every believer should be embued, or
seasoned with righteousness; a fire like that of Leu., chaps. ix. and x,
which approves of the good, and abhors the evil. See Step 4. This
righteousness,-salt,-fire,-is acceptable to God, and useful to the
world: as ill Matt. v. 13-14, "Ye are the salt of the earth; ye are the
light of the world,"-to give grace and knowledge to the world.
Note C.-Salt was not used to preserve anything. This use of it is
modern. Its office.was just simply to give a saVOlW to food, to make it
palatable and nutritious;
Note D.-The BURNT (or Ascension) OFFERINGof Lev. io, was placedin its entirety (skin excepted) on the wood on the altar, and fumed
(literally, incensed) by the fire, till all the savout· was extracted, and
passed off in vapour; the deshen, or fatty residue, was then removed to
make room for a fresh victim. (See Lev. v. 9, 10, 11.) As concerning
the meat and peace-offerings of Lev., chaps. ii. and iii., part only was
placed on the burnt-offering of chap. i., and fumed with it. The sin-
offering, on the contrary, was wholly burnt to ashes, on the ground
outside the camp. The fire which fed, with complacency, on the one,
in wrath uttet·ly destroued. the other.
Note E.-By showing that the NATURE of God necessitates the
destruction of the wicked, we destroy the Universalist argument, which
says that the Nature of God necessitates the purification of the wicked.
We have the two immutable things-God's Word and God's Nature,
against human feelings and fine-drawn analogies.
London, Jan. 6.
We have received two other replies, which we unwillingly hold over,
having already made serious demands upon our limited space. That
we might be strictly impartial in our treatment of correspondents, we
have inserted communications, in the order of date, which will be our
standing rule. We thank our correspondents for their communications,
and trust to receive, month by month, others equally thoughtful and
helpful.
We have received the following from our esteemed Treasurer :-" A
qU81·yfor next Bible Stomdard, Solomon, in Ecclesiastes, knows of no
future for man whatever. He mourns over the thought that man, w
all his intelligence, will go, like the beast, to his eternal home, t
grave (see Eccles. xii. 5, in Hebrew and Greek) ; and recommends t
same course that Paul does, IF there is no resurrection, Compa
Eccles. ii. 24, with 1 Cor. xv. 32. Thus:' There is nothing better fo
man, than that he should eat and drink, and that he should make
soul enjoy good in his labour.'-' Let us eat and drink; for to-morro
we die.' How is this compatible with the Book of Psalms, writt
about the same time, and expressing clearly resurrection-hope 1"
We invite correspondence hereon, for our March issue; directing t
attention of correspondents to the regulations at the head of this sectio
The remaining letters ou Mat·k ix. 49., shall also appear.
••
CORRESPONDENCE EXTRACTS.
[As we receive in our General Correspoudence much i.n!ol'mation tha .t (though nottended for publication) would be useful and apprecmted. by ma!lY of our .readers,purpose making a judicious selection monthly, under this heading.-Edttor]
Bundaberg, Queensland, Sep. 13th, 1880.
" WE have much pleasure in sending a word of encouragement to t
brethren engaged in the work, in whose writings we a re deeply interested
not forgetting the able and worthy Editor (Rev. W. Leask), and other
whose names appear in the Rainbow, one copy of which has found
way here monthly for nearly four years."-Joseph Wriqht,
Auckland, New Zealand, Nov. 6tl1, 1880.
" Since I last wrote, I have had many interesting features in conne
tion with our New Zealand work, and 1 am more and more convince
that it is the will of the Lord that I have come to this far-off land. Doo
are opening on every hand, and I must begin to cry, 'Come over an
help us,' for the harvest is truly great, but the labourers are few. The
are openings on every hand for faithful labourers, and the people a
willing to listen. The crowds still come, and our place is not half larg
enough. Last Sunday night we were completely packed, every inch
standing room was taken up, and many had to go away. I am in hop
soon to be able to write that we are building a suitable place of worshi
a place which will hold, at least, from 900 to 1,000 people. I belie
this will yet be accomplished. I have many very bitter enemies, who s
all manner of evil against me. These things are hard to bear, but the
will only drive me closer to the Lord, and make me resolve to live mo
consistent day by day. My enemies will not meet me face to face;
cannot get them on the public platform; but, notwithstanding all the
efforts, the Lord has raised up many warm friends, who are to me
source of great comfort and consolation.
" Since I last wrote you we have baptised 33, and others are waitin
to obey the Master in this ordinance. To-morrow morning (Sunday) w
hope to organise a Church; we shall simply call it a ' Church of Christ
and our ground will be 'Faith anc1Obedience in our Lord Jesus Christ
I think that we shall start with from 60 to 70 members. We have a
Open Table, and break bread each Lord's day morning; some 100150 partake with us. Our morning Service is a very interesting o
indeed, and not only interesting, but profitable,-praise the Lord f
His great goodness to me, more blessing far I do enjoy than I c1eserv
I expect to issue the first number of the New Zealand Bible Standar
next month, dating it for January, 1881. The price will be 3d. per cop
It will be twelve pages, the same size as our Home Bible Standard, b
it costs double the English price. I am in hopes that it will be a gre
help to the work here, in fact I have no doubt about it. I hope to hav
a full account of your Conference at Liverpool by the incoming Mail. .'-
Rev. G. A. Brown, Corresporuiinq Mel1~ber•
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78 THE STANDARD.
London, Dec. 27th.
" Mr. Lesslie, Toronto, writes that the Rainbow is not to be sent any
longer to the Y. M. Christian Association,-Montreal, Ottawa, Kingston,
and Toronto,-as neither it nor tbe Bible Standard is allowed by the
Committee to lie on the tables. Intelligent men l!-Rev. W. Leaslc, D.D.
Glasgow, Dec. 30th.
" I have had four nights' discussion with 'Christadelpians,' in their
own Hall on 'What is the Gospel of Salvation?' I have to read an
Essay before the 'Berean Institute,' on Tuesday week, which is to have
two evening's discussion; and I have still to occupy the Hall, grunted
me gratui tously for three or four evenings, unless our dear Lord is
pleased to send us some one else. I do wish we could get some able
English brother to give us one or two of the nights, in this, the second
City of the Empire. I think it would do an immense deal of good."-
T. J.Hitchcock,
Hull, Dec. 31st.
" One of the principal Nonconformist ministers in this town recently
advised his flock to read Ed. White's book (Life only in Christ), and
spoke very highly of it."-J. C. Akester,
•
CORRESPONDENCE.
To THE EDITOR OF THE" BIBLE STA.NDARD."
Sir,-Permit me to ask Major van Someren the Scriptural warrantfor such a statement as the following, on page ~3 of the last issue ofThe Standard. Alluding to the moment of the Translation of the Body
of Christ into the Firmament to meet the Lord, he says, " The livingshall go through the same process of putting off the Adamic body that
their brethren had gone through before them, the only difference beingthat they do not lie asleep." I ask, because 1 Cm'. xv. 52, which hequotes, seems to teach that, instead of the living going through "the
process" of dying (which I presume to be his meaning) "as their brethrenhad gone through," the words imply that they "will be changed in thetwinkling of an eye," a space of time so immeasurably instantaneous
as not to admit of any intermediate "process" whatever! Such" process," too, lacks the element of exigency; there is no valid reasonfor it.
Other Scriptures, moreover, are as precise as to the nature of theevent as the above, In 2 Cor. v. 4, Paul expresses his desire that hemight" not be unclothed, but clothed upon, that mortality, (his mortalbody) might be swallowed 1tp of life," i.e., the change above noted.
Finally, let The Words of the Lord decide. John xi. 25-26, " He thatbelieveth on Me, tbough he were dead, yet shall he live." This isResurrection. "And whosoever liveth and believeth on Me, shall neverdie." This is the contemplated chauge; tbe whole in illustration of
the words" I am the Resurrection" of the dead members of the body," And the Life" eternal of those who will be changed.
Yours faithfully,Reading, Dec. 30. H. GOODWYN.
To THE EDITOR OF THE" BIBLE STANDARD."
Dear Sir,-Allow me to suggest a further reply to the question dealtwith, in the interesting paper of Major G. J. van Someren: "If Jesusbore our punishment, why do His people still die, and undergo thatcurse? " There are two fallacies wrapt up in the question which, ifcorrected, will give much greater force to Major Someren's remarks.
1st. The question assumes, first, that death is 'our punishment: 'now this is not the fact! Death. comes upon the children of menthrough no fault of their own; in proof of this, infants who have com-mitted no sin whatever, are subject to this infliction: the Scriptures
also distinctly affirm that we suffer death through the sin of Adam :" By one man sin entered the world, and death by sin."-Rom. v. 12.Death, therefore, is not OU1' punishment: the more correct way to statethe proposition would be, If Christ bore the sin of Adam, why do we,Adam's children, and who in no wise participated in his guilt, stillcontinue to suffer death?
2no. The question affirms yet further" that God's people still die asuiundergo that curse." Now, this is not a correct statement; neitherdoes it present us with the whole cas- : if we are to form a soundjudgment of the wisdom and justice of God in His dealings with men,we must have before us the whole plan of the Diviue procedure. God's
people still die? True I But what happens after that? Why, justthis, that their forfeited lives, and not only theirs, but the lives of allmen, are restored to them through the death of Christ" at the resurrec-
B IB LE
tion. "Since by man came death, by man came also the resurrectiof the dead." 1 GDr. xv. 21. The death of Christ, then, hascomplished something at all events: had Christ not died and r
again, no man would ever have j'isen from . the dead. OJ ' lived again?us then take account of the value of 'this fact: Suppose you are suecourt for a debt, say of twenty pounds; it matters not whether justlyunjustly, the case is decided against you, and you have to paymoney, you forfeit twenty pounds: but a friend who is interestedyou, gives you the money; you are thus recouped, and you have suffno loss. Has not redemption accomplished a similar result for mankin
Man'S life is forfeited through the sin of Adam, (we do DOt sta
discuss the wisdom of this arrangement, or otherwise, but note the fChrist, in His great compassion, as the Lamb of God, takes awaysin of the world, (i.e., original sin, or the sin of Adam,) and insequence thereof. every man, whether penitent or otherwise, hashisrestored to him, his subsequent treatment proceeding strictly upongrounds of his own conduct; if he accepts the gospel, the atonemsecures for him pardon and eternal life; if impenitent, he sufferssecond death, the result' of his own guilt. Now, if the l ife forfe
through the sin of Adam be restored to every man through the CrosChrist, and man be reinstated in his condition previous to his desurely man has suffered no damage, and it is a most important factokeep before us in considering this question. These two correctitherefore alter the whole gist of the query propounded above; infirst place, death is not OU?· puuishment, and in the second place,
life lost is restored by Christ, and man sustains no damage. Myimpression of death is, that to those who experience it, it will seem
them but as a swoon, a temporary unconsciousness; the long timeintervenes in the knowledge of the living, is unknown to the dead,were the restoration to life to be accomplished, say within a week, d
-that is, the article of death-would be regarded altogether as a maof slight importance, I mean as regards time, similar to a fracturedor a temporary fit of paralysis. The servant of the high priest suff
but little damage when Peter cut off bis ear, since Chr ist immediatrestored the member; and so, if resurrection followed rapidlydeath, we should feel with greater force the fact that the Saviour's dhad brought about the restoration of man's life. It cannot, therefbe said of any man that he dies, in the same sense as he woulddied had there been no atonement; death in the latter case wouldbeen an eternal forfeiture of life. The question, corrected, stands tIf Christ bore the sin of Adsm, (which sin brought death, eternal de
upon his children,) why do Adam's children (for all of whom Cdied) suffe?' the loss of life for a time? Stated in this form, the quespresents no serious difficulty to a Bible student.-I remain, dearyours very truly, Charles Underhill.
Oxford; Jan. 10th.
QUESTION AND ANSWER.
[This column is statedly devoted to replies to such questions, objections, and su
tions as may be of general interest. We only undertake, however, to reply tocommunications as may commend themselves to our own judgment, sacknowledging the receipt of others. We are personally responsible foanswers given.-EDITOR.]
A.-C. Skinner. It would serve no good purpose to reply tocommunication. Until we dwell somewhere nearer together thanAntipodes, we will agree to differ, not discuss.
A.-G. T. B. We thank you for the pamphlet, which we havefully read and marked for reply. Owing, however, to the pressure uour space, we must defer our inten tion tlll March issue.
Q.-" Will you tell-if the dead sleep-the meaning of the third vof the 17th of Mattheio } I have been asked the question."
A.-In December Bible Standard; page 54, you will fiud an answeyour query. It is too far-fetched an argument against the unconscio
ne ss of the death-state to cite two such sinqula« eases as MosesElias, one of whom had not seen death, the other not corruption, (wwe understand by the expression Deut. xxxiv. 6.)
Q.-" May r ask what is your system of Church government?you regular Ministers? If not, why not? Do you practise Immers
and why? or why not, if not? Can you tell me of any good worBaptism? "
A.-I. Ours is not a Church Organization, but a simple Unio
individual believers and separate Churches. We only unite to spreadtruths of the Life and Ad vent, retaining our personal and church teand cnstoms on all other points. 2. Thus, we have no "reguMinisters,"-that is a matter for the separate Churches, as such;have Agents, Lecturers, and hope to add Evangelists and Colportewhen funds permit, but it forms no part of our calling or purposcreate a "Ministry." 3. As an Association, we know nothing of Immsion, but as individuals and separate Churches we exercise our libeither as Baptists or otherwise. 4. Perhaps some of our readersassist you/in your last query, i;f so; we will insert the informat
in our next issue.,
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THE BIBLE
CHRISTHURCH AND MISSION NEWS.
GRAVESEND.-" SUNDAYEVENINGSERVICESFORTHEPEOPLE.-On Sun-
day evening last, at the Assembly-rooms, Major G. J. van Someren, of
India, delivered a very earnest and practical discourse on 'The Strong
One and the Stronger than he;' the attention of the audience was
excellent. On next Sunday the eame gentleman will again conduct
the service, when he will take for his subject 'Pharaoh's Butler and
Baker.' "-Gravesend Reporter Jan. 8th. The attendance on the last-
named night equalled 150 persons, Major Someren's discourse being
much appreciated.
UXBRIDGE,Bncas.c-Three public Discussions have been held at the
Montague Hall, the speakers being Messrs. R. J. Hammond, J. S. Free-
man, and - Johnson, each of London.
SKIPTON,YORKSHIRE.-" We have now got into more comfortable
premises, which we entered on the first Sunday in the year. Bros. Paul
and Olarke, of Bradford, spoke on the first and second Sundays; we had
very nice companies both nights. We have commenced a Sunday
School, and on Sunday mornings we have a Bible Class, conducted by
Capt. Kinnock, of Bingley, which is very well attended. The Bible
Standard is gradually increasing in circulation,-I get 40 (copies) now,-
we are very well pleased with it."-E. Wilkimson,
Just PubZ'ished,Price Foul' Shillings, [post -free},
HEAVEN NOT 'OUR HOME,
BUT
The Renovated Earth the Eternal Abode of the
Redeemed Saints.
THIS WOl'k demonstrates from Scripture testimony the perpetuity of
the Earth, in a restored and renovated state, and the continuance
of the human race upon it during the countless ages of eternity. It also
shows that, according to the Inspired Volnmn, the Earth, which was theplace of Christ's suffering and death, will be the scene of His future
triumph, and of His everlasting kingdom; and that there also the saints
shall find their eternal rest.
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.
A very readable book of a.bout 300 pages, designed to prove by the Scriptures the
doctrine set forth in the title. Some of the arguments are very ingenious, and much inthe book will repa.y ca reful reading. If we do Dot clearly Bee WIth the eyes of the author,nor accept his conclusion"! at all times, nor even his general oom-Iusion, we nevertheleaathank h.lm for a book that will be read with pleasure by many.-Penuel.
To readers in quest of a queer book, altogether out of the ordinary grooves, thisvolume will be welcome. . . , We must ill fairness to the authur sa)', that hisreasoning is often striking, He has a complete mastery of the Scriptures, and he isu.lways chaste and reverent in his treatment of his difficult and mysterious subject.-Dundee Ad'vertise1'.
The author exercises some ingenuity in producing his proofs,-Nonconjormi8t.
He certainly, in a very ingenious manner, makes out a case.-Christian Family.
'I'be calm thoughtfulness of the writer, the clearness of his style, and the appositenessof bis quotations from Scripture, are among the attractive features of the work. whichwe hope wili have, as it deserves, a heat of readers.-Rainbow.
Will amply repay perusal by all serious and thoughtful ruinds.-Dundee Courierand
A"gu8.
'Wepass no opinion on the theory, but the book will repay the reading, The author isIutelltgeut and reverent, and such cannot go dangerously astray.-Methodist Recorder,
ThiR is a curious little book, the reading of which may interest, if it does not instructor profiL-Ed'inburgh Courant,
Whatever ma.y be the objection to the theory, the argument is certainly conductedwith Ieverence and nbility.-The Ch'ristian.
Anyone wiahing to learn how much may be said in favour of the Christian's hoped-for heaven being found on the renovated earth, may do worse than peruse this vclume.v-Baptist.
To be had from. W. Norrie, 22, Rosebank Street, Dundee.
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·THE RAINBOW,A Sixpenny Monthly Magazine, devoted to the Exposition of Revealed
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Greek Text of the NewTestament, (according to the Recension ofDr. J. J. Griesbach,) with an interlineary Word-for-Word English'I'ranslation and a NewEmphatic Version, based on the renderingsof eminent critics, and on the various readings of the VaticanManuscript. Published at Four Dollars. Sent Post-free for 16s.A most valuable work.
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