BIBLIOGRAPHY
PRIMARY SOURCES
Most of the primary sources used for this study are inform of correspondences in
Marathi, Rajasthani, Persian and English by Maratha rulers, their associates,
administrators and reporters posted in the local ruler's courts as well as
representatives of British and other powers in the Maratha ruler's court.
MARATHI
Correspondences in Marathi from the very beginning of Peshwa's campaign in
Central India are the richest collection for the entire period of the study. Separate
series of correspondence deal with Peshwa, Holkar and Shinde's day-to-day
engagements ranging from military campaigns, movement of Maratha Sardars in
the localities. Of Central India, fast changing situation in the courts of local elites,
payment of tribute etc. As the period progresses these correspondences are richer
in detail about day-to-day movement of Maratha army on various fronts and results
of Maratha military operations against the local powers.
Unpublished Contemporary Sources
Gulgule Daftar (Transcribed typescript m Devnagari Marathi), Shri Natnagar
Shodh Samsthan, Sitamau (MP)
Contemporary Published Sources
Dishkalkar, DB (ed.), Historical Papers ofSindhias ofGwalior, Satara, 1934
Joshi, P M (ed.), Selections From the Peshwa Daftar (New Series), 3 Vols,
Mumbai, 1957-62
Joshi, R M (ed.), Poona Akhbars, 3 Vols., Central Record Office, Hyderabad
Government, 1953
Parasnis, DB (ed.), Maheshwar Darbarchi Batmi Patren, 2 Vols, Mumbai, 1910
312
Phalke, A B (ed.), Shindeshahica Itihasachin Sadhnen, Vol. I, Gwalior, 1929-37
Sardesai, G S (ed.) Selections from the Peshwa Daftar, Relevant Volume, Bombay,
1930-34
Sardesai, G S (ed.), Historical Papers Relating to Mahadji Shinde, Gwalior, 1937.
Thakur, V V(ed.), Holkarshahica Itihasachi Sadhne (Historical Documents ofthe
Holkars ), Vol.1, Indore, 1944
Vad, R B G C, and DB Parasnis(eds.), Selections from The Satara Rajas and The
Peshwas Diaries, Relevant Volumes, Poona and Bombay, 1905 -11
Marwar - Maratha Aitihasik Patravali (Translation of Marathi Newsletters, 1785-
94, sent by Peshwa's Vakil Krishnaji Jagannath from the Jodhpur Court by
DB Chirsagar, original Marathi Text published in Itihas Sangraha, 1914-
15 by D B Parasnis) in Parampara, vol.93-94 published by Rajasthani
Shodh Sansthan, Chopasani, Jodhpur, 1990
RAJASTHAN!
In Rajasthani, Marathas ruler's official correspondences called Kharitas are
addressed to local Rajput rulers and chieftains. The Kharitas sent by Peshwa,
Shinde and Holkar for the entire period of study are available in the Rajasthan
State Archive, Bikaner. They are very comprehensive and focused messages from
Marathas to Jaipur rulers about their demands and requests besides routine letters.
Details in the Kharitas pertain to Maratha pressure for regular tribute payment and
disputed territories in Rajasthan.
Another set of Rajasthani records called Dastur Kaumvar are records of men from
different regions visiting Jaipur state, Dastur· Deekhni in the same series lists
Maratha visitors of high and low ranks to the Jaipur court. These recor~s add to
existing perception of the level of contact betvyeen Marathas and Jaipur ruler
through out the period of the study.
313
Unpublished Contemporary Sources
l.Kharitas of Gwalior State (1750-1800), Rajasthan State Archive, Bikaner
2. Kharitas oflndore State (1750-1800), Rajasthan State Archive, Bikaner
3.Dastur Deekhni (1750-1800) under Dastur Kaumbar collection, Rajasthan State
Archive, Bikaner
Contemporary Published Sources
Kharita: Gawalior-Jaipur, Bikaner-Jaipur and Karauli-Jaipur, Rajasthan State
Archive, Bikaner, 1977
HINDI
Kelkar, K ~. Atharahvi Sati Ke Hindi Patra, Mathura, 1970
Sinh, Raghubir (ed.) Selection from the Peshwa Daftar (New Series), Hindi
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EUROPEAN LANGUAGE (ENGLISH)
Among English Sources Foreign Department Records from the late 1750s onwards
provides supportive evidence on Maratha campaigns in northern Malwa,
Bundelkhand and Doab regions during the period after the Battle of Panipat.
Correspondences of English Agents at Shindes court as well as those at Poona
Court carry much more analytical information and see Maratha developments very
critically. Among all contemporary sources English sources are very mature as far
as description of contemporary events are concerned
Unpublished Sources
Foreign Department Records (Political & Secret), 1756-1783, National Archive of
India, New Delhi
314
Contemporary Published Sources
Sarkar, J N ( ed.), Mahadji Sindhia and North Indian Affairs, 1785-1794, Poona
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Sinh, Raghubir ( ed. ), Selections from Sir C W Malet 's Letter-Book, 1780-1784,
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Smith, L F, A Sketch of The Rise, Progress and Termination of the Regu-lar Corps
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PERSIAN )
TranslatiOns of Persian Akhbarats (newsletters) and correspondences by
Jadunath Sarkar for the period after Panipat also provide extensive details
on Maratha campaigns in Malwa and Rajasthan. Maratha newswriters
stationed at Delhi court wrote most of these Persian correspondences. There
are also Persian newsletters from the camps of Mahadji Shinde, Jaipur
court as well as from Delhi court for the entire period of Lalsot campaign in
1787 and Mahadji Shinde's campaign in Rajasthan in 1790-91.
Contemporary Published Sources
Persian Records of Maratha History, 2 Vols Sarkar, J N (trans. From Persian
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Volume I Delhi Affairs, 1761-1788
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315
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