343a

Bibliography

1. ADLER, H.E. (1975) Fish behavior - why fishes do what they do. TFH Publications, Neptune City. 271pp.

2. ALLEN, GoR., D.F. HOESE, J.R. PAXTON, J.E. RANDALL, B.C. RUSSELL, W.A. STARCK II, F«H. TALBOT and G.P. WHITLEY. (1976) Annotated checklist of the fishes of Lord Howe Island. Rec. Aust. Mus. 30:365-454.

3c ALLEN, G.R. and J.T. MOYER (1980) Ellerkeldia wilsoni, a new species of serranid fish from southwestern Aust-ralia. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 26:329-333.

4. ANDERSON, G.R.V. (1973) A study of the systematics and biology of a group of tripterygiid fishes. MSc thesis, Univ. of Auckland. 101pp.

5o AYLING, A.M. The deadly leatherjacket. In: Guide to New Zealand1s marine worlds, part one (W & J. Doak, eds), pp 28-31.

6c AYLING, A.Mo (1976) The role of biological disturbance in determining the organisation of subtidal encrusting communities in temperate waters. PhD thesis, Univ. of Auckland. 114pp.

7c AYLING, A.M. (1978) Cape Rodney to Okakari Point, Marine Reserve Survey. Univ. of Auck. Bindery. 98pp.

8. AYLING, A.M. (1980) Hybridization in the genus Pseudo-

labrus (Labridae). Copeia 1980:176-180. 9. AYLING, A.M. and R.V. GRACE (1971) Cleaning symbiosis

among New Zealand fishes. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 5:205-218.

10o BAKER, A.N. (1922) Reproduction, early life history, and age-growth relationships of the New Zealand pilchard. Sardinops neopildhca?dus (Steindachner) . Fisheries Research Bull. 5:64pp.

11c BULLOCK, ToHo (1973) Seeing the world through a new sense: Electroreception in fish. Am. Sci. 61:316-325,

12. BURTON, M and R. BURTON (1975) Encyclopedia of fish. Octopus Books, London. 253pp.

13. CARCASSON, R.H. (1977) A field guide to the coral reef fishes of the Indian and West Pacific Oceans. Collins, Great Britain. 320pp.

344a

14. CHOAT, J.H. (1962) Studies on the genus Pseudolabrus (Pisces). MSc thesis, Victoria Univ. of Wellington.

15. CHOAT, J.H. (1965) Sexual dimorphism in the labrid fish Pseudolabrus celidotus (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Pac. Sci. 19:451-457.

16. CHOAT, J.H. (1968) The status of Pseudolabrus psittaculus

(Richardson, 1840), with notes on other species of the genus. Trans. Roy. Soc. NZ. 10:151-157.

17. COAKLEY, A. (1964) Life history and general biology of Tracheloschinus pinnulatus (Forster). MSc thesis, Univ. of Canterbury.

18. CROSSLAND, J. (1976) Snapper tagging in northeast New . Zealand, 1974: Analysis of methods, return rates and movements. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 10:675-686.

19. CROSSLAND, J. (1977a) Seasonal reproductive cycle of snapper, Chrysophrys auratus (Forster) in the Hauraki Gulf. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 11:37-60.

20. CROSSLAND, J. (1977b) Fecundity of the snapper Chryso-

phrys auratus (Pisces: Sparidae) from the Hauraki Gulf. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 11:767-775.

21. CROSSLAND, J. (1980) Population size and exploitation rate of snapper, Chrysophrys auratus, in the Hauraki Gulf from tagging experiments, 1975-76. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 14:255-262.

22. DARBY, M.M. (1966) The ecology of fishes in tidal rock pools, with a revision of the common littoral species Tripterygion nigripenne« MSc thesis, Univ. of Canterbury. 199pp.

23. DAWSON, C.E. (1980) Synopsis of the pipefishes (Syngnath-idae) of New Zealand. Rec. Nat. Mus. NZ 1:281-291.

24. DIX, T.G. (1969) Association between the echinoid, Eve-

ohinus chloroticus (Val.) and the clingfish, Bellich-

thys morelandi Briggs. Pac. Sci. 23:232-236. 25. DOAK, W. (1972) Fishes of the New Zealand Region. Hodder

and Stoughton, Auckland. 132pp. 26. DYER, T.A. (1969) A study of the alimentary tract and

diet of Pseudolabrus celidotus (Pisces: Labridae). BSc (hons) thesis, Victoria Univ. of Wellington. 64pp.

27. EGGLESTON, D. (1975) Determination of age of kahawai Arripis trutta (Bloch & Schneider). NZ J. Mar.

345a

Freshwat. Res. 9:293-298. 28. ELDER, R.D. (1976) Studies on age and growth, reproduction

and population dynamics of red gurnard Chelodoniohthy s

kurnu (Lesson & Garnot) in the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand. Fisheries Research Bull. 12:77pp.

29. GAULDIE, R.W., D. PURNELL and D.A. ROBERTSON (1977) Some biochemical similarities and differences between two jack mackerel species, Trachurus declivis and T.

novaezelandiae. Comp. Biochem. Physiol 58B:389-391. 30o GODFRIAUX, B.L. (1974a) Food of tarakihi in western Bay

of Plenty and Tasman Bay, New Zealand. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 8:111-153.

31o GODFRIAUX, B.L. (1974b) Food of snapper in western Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 8:473-504.

32 o GODFRIAUX, B.L. (1974c) Feeding relationships between tarakihi and snapper in western Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 8:589-609.

33 c GORDON, .D.P. and W.J. BALLANTINE (1976) Cape Rodney to Okakari Point Marine Reserve - Review of knowledge and bib1iography to December 1976. Tane 22 supplement.

34. GRAHAM, D.H. (1953) A treasury of New Zealand fishes. A.H. & A.W. Reed, Wellington.

35. GRANT, E.M. (1972) Guide to fishes. 2nd ed. Dept. of Primary Industries, Brisbane. 472pp.

36o GREENWOOD, P.H., D.E. ROSEN, S.H. WEITZMAN and G.S. MYERS (1966) Phyletic studies of teleostean fishes, with a provisional classification of living forms. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 131:345-354.

37. HABIB, G. (1976) Food size preferences of the red cod Pseudophycis bacceius (Teleostei, Moridae). Mauri Ora 4:9-13.

38. HABIB, Gc and R.E. ROBERTS (1978) Proceedings of the pelagic fisheries conference, July 1977. Fisheries Research Division, Occasional Publication 15:102pp.

39. HANDFORD, C. (1979) The habitat, population dynamics and social organisation of two tripterygiid fishes. MSc thesis, Univ. of Auckland. 114pp.

40. HEEMSTRA, P.C. (1980) A revision of the zeid fishes (Zeiformes, Zeidae) of South Africa. Ichthyological

Bulletin of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology '41:18pp.

41. HUTTON, F.W. (1872) Fishes of New Zealand. James Hughes Printer, Wellington.

42. JAMES, G.D. (1974) Caranx georgianus Cuvier 1833 (Pisces: Carangidae) in temperate Australasian waters. J. Roy. Soc. NZ 4:401-410.

43. JILLET, J.B. (1968a) The biology of -Acanthoclinus quad-

ridactylus (Bloch and Schneider) (Teleostei - Blen-nioidea) I. Age, growth and food. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 19:1-8.

44. JILLET, J.B. (1968b) The biology of Acanthoclinus quad-

ridactylus (Bloch and Schneider) (Teleostei - Blen-

Freshwat. Res. 19:9-18. 45. JONES, G.P. (1980a) Growth and reproduction in the

protogynous hermaphrodite Pseudolabrus celidotus

(Pisces: Labridae) in New Zealand. Copeia 1980:660-675. 46. JONES, G.P. (1980b) Contribution to the biology of the

perch, Ellerkeldia huntii (Hector), with a m hermaphroditism. J. Fish Biol. 17:197-207.

47. JONES, G.P. (1980c) Interrelationships between ecology, behaviour and life history in the protogynous herm-aphrodite Pseudolabrus celidotus (Pisces: Labridae). PhD thesis, Univ. of Auckland. 120pp.

48. JONES, G.P. (1981) Spawning-site choice by female -Pseudolabrus celidotus (Pisces: Labridae) and its influence on the mating system. Behav. Ecol. Socio-biol. in press.

49. JONES, G.P. and S.M. THOMPSON (1980) Social inhibition

Pseudolabrus celidotus and a comparison with the blennioid Tripterygion varium. Mar. Biol. 59:247-256.

50. KINGETT, P.D. (1981) Factors influencing the distribution and abundance of Chrysophrys auratus in a reef system. MSc thesis, Univ. of Auckland.

51. KINGETT, P.D. and J.H. CHOAT (1981) Spatial and in the density of Chrysophrys auratus (Pisces:

in a reef environment: An Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser., in

347a

52. KINGSFORD, M.J. (1981) Interrelationships between spawn-ing and recruitment of Chromis dispilus (Pisces: Pomacentridae). MSc thesis, Univ. of Auckland. 79pp.

53c KINGSFORD, M.J. and A.B. MACDIARMID. The effect of plank-tivorous reef fish on zooplankton density. Manuscript submitted to Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser„

54o LEUM, L.L. and J.H. CHOAT (1980) Density estimates of a . temperate marine fish Cheilodactylus spectabilis

(Cheilodactylidae) in a reef environment. Mar. Biol. 57:327-337.

55. LYTHGOE, T. and G. LYTHGOE (1971) Fishes of the sea: The coastal waters of the British Isles, Northern Europe and the Mediterranean. Blandford Press, London. 320pp.

56o MACDIARMID, A.B. (1981) Factors influencing the distrib-ution and abundance of two temperate reef fish Pempheris adspersa and Scorpis violaceus. MSc thesis, Univ. of Auckland. 101pp.

57. MARSHALL, N.B. (1961) The life of fishes. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London. 402pp. »

58. MARSHALL, T.C. (1964) Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and coastal waters of Queensland. Angus & Robertson, Sydney. 516pp.

59. MAY, J.D. (1979) Fish utilization of a New Zealand mangrove creeko MSc thesis, Univ. of Auckland. 83pp.

60o McDOWALL, R.M. (1978) New Zealand freshwater fishes -a guide and natural history. Heinemann, Auckland. 230pp.

61. MIDGALSKI, E.C. and G.S. FICHTER (1977) The fresh and saltwater fish of the world. Octapus Books, Hong Kong.

62. MORELAND, J.M. (1963) Native sea fishes. A.H. & A.W. Reed, Wellington.

63. MORELAND, J.M. (1975) Fishes of the rock pools. New Zealandfs Nature Heritage 44:1533-1541.

64. National Fish Survey, stage 1. New Zealand Underwater Association, Technical subcommittee.

65. New Zealand Management Division (1978) Greater need now to understand deep water stocks. Min. Ag. Fish., Wellington.

66. NORMAN, J.R. (1975) A history of fishes. 3rd ed., revised by P.H. GREENWOOD. E. Benn, London. 467pp.

67. PARISH, S. (1974) Australia's ocean of life. Wedneil,

68

69

70

71

72

73

74,

75.

76,

77,

78,

79,

80.

348a

Newport. 128pp. PARROT, A.W. (1960) The queer and rare fishes of New

Zealand. Hodder & Stoughton, London. 192pp. PAUL, L.J. Snapper Chrysophrys auratus, family Sparidae:

Sea Breams. Marine fish and fisheries. MAF Media Services, Wellington. 4pp.

PAUL, L.J. (1974) Snapper. New Zealand's Nature Heritage 2:671-676.

PAUL, L.J. (1976) A study on age, growth and population structure of the snapper Chrysophrys auratus (Forster) in the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand. Fisheries Research Bull. (NZ) 13:62pp.

PAUL, L.J. and S.C. TARRING (1980) Growth rate and popul-ation structure of snapper, Chrysophrys auratus, in the East Cape region, New Zealand. NZ J. Mar. Fresh-wat. Res. 14:237-248.

POWELL, A.W.B. (1961) Native animals of New Zealand. Unity Press, Auckland. 96pp.

POYNTER, M.R. (1980) The distribution and abundance of a temperate reef fish Parika scaber (Monacanthidae), with emphasis on recruitment, plus aspects of feeding ecology and growth. MSc thesis, Univ. of Auckland.

ROBERTSON, D.A. (1975) A key to the planktonic eggs of some New Zealand marine teleosts. Fisheries Research Division, Occasional Publ. 9:19pp.

ROBERTSON, D.A. (1978) Spawning of tarakihi (Pisces: Cheilodactylidae) in New Zealand waters. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 12:277-286.

ROSENBLATT, R.H. (1959) A revisionary study of the blennioid fish family Tripterygiidae. PhD thesis, Univ. of California, Los Angeles.

RUCK, J.G. (1976) Studies on the development and osteol-ogy of some New Zealand inshore fishes. PhD thesis, Victoria Univ. of Wellington.

RUCK, J.G. (1980) Early development of Forsterygion varium3

Gilloblennius decemdigitatis and G. tripennis (Pisces: Tripterygiidae). NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 14:313-326.

RUSSELL, B.C. (1969) A checklist of the fishes of Goat Island, North Auckland, New Zealand, with an analysis of habitats and associations. Tane 15:105-113.

349a

81c RUSSELL, B.C. (1971a) Ecological relationships of rocky reef fishes of north-eastern New Zealand. MSc thesis, Univ. of Auckland. 215pp.

82. RUSSELL, B.C. (1971b) Underwater observations on the reproductive activity of the demoiselle, Chromis

dispilus (Piscess Pomacentridae)„ Mar. Biol. 10:22-29. 83. RUSSELL, B.C. (1975) The development and dynamics of a

small artificial reef community. Helg. wiss. Meer-esunters 27:298-312.

84. RUSSELL, B.C. (1977) Population and standing crop estimates for rocky reef fishes of north-eastern New Zealand. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 11:23-36.

85. RUSSELL, B.C. and A.M. AYLING (1976) New records of fishes from northeastern New Zealand. J. Roy. °Soc. NZ. 6:277-286.

86. RUSSELL, B.C., G.R. ALLEN and H.R. LUBBOCK (1976) New cases of mimicry in marine fishes. J. Zool. 180:407-423.

87. SMITH, P.J., R.I.C.C. FRANCIS and L.J. PAUL (1978) Genetic variation and population structure in the New Zealand snapper Chrysophrys auratus Forster. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 12:343-350.

88o SMITH, P.J., B.A. WOOD and P.G. BENSON (1979) Electro-phoretic and meristic separation of blue maomao and sweep. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 13:549-551.

89o STEPHENSON, A.B. and D.A. ROBERTSON (1977) The New Zealand species of Trachurus (Pisces: Carangidae). J. Roy. Soc. NZ. 7:243-253.

90. THOMPSON, S. (1979) Ecological and behavioural factors influencing the distribution and abundance patterns of Tripterygiid fishes with particular reference to Tripterygion varium. MSc thesis, Univ of Auckland. 80pp.

91. TODD, P. (1969) Age and growth in Pseudolabrus celidotus

(Bloch and Schneider, 1801) from Wellington Harbour. BSc (hons) thesis, Victoria Univ. of Wellington.

92. TONG, L.J. (1977) Further postlarvae of tarakihi in New Zealand waters. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 11:159-162.

93. TONG, L.J. and C.M. VOOREN (1972) The biology of the New Zealand tarakihi Cheilodactylus macropterus (Bloch & Schneider). Fisheries Research Bull. (NZ) 6:60pp.

94o VOOREN, C.M. (1972) Postlarvae and juveniles of the

350a

tarakihi (Teleostei, Cheilodactylidae) in New Zealand. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 6:602-618.

95. VOOREN, C.M. and L.J. TONG (1973) A survey of the tara-kihi, Cheilodaotylus speetahilis in the East Cape area New Zealand, 26-30 March 1971. Fish. Res. Bull. 69:28pp.

96. WAITE, E.R. (1923) The fishes of South Australia. Govt. Printer, Adelaide. 243pp.

97. WHITEHEAD, P. (1975) How fishes live. Elsevier-Phaidon, New York. 160pp.

98. WILLAN, R.C., J.M. DOLLIMORE and J. NICHOLSON (1979) A survey of fish populations at KariKari Peninsular, Northland, by SCUBA diving. NZ J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 13:447-458.

351a

Glossary

abdomen - that part of the body containing the digestive and reproductive organs; the lower part of the body in front of the cloaca»

acute - sharp pointed» adipose - fatty adipose eyelid - thick fleshy tissue surrounding and partly covering the .

eye. adipose fin - a small dorsal fin without fin rays, usually thick and

fleshy, and hind most of the dorsal fins. anal fin - the unpaired fin placed ventrally just behind the cloaca. anguilliform - eel-like. anterior - the front or leading part. barbel - elongated tentacle generally under the chin with sensory func-

tion, usually taste. canine - prominent conical teeth in 'jaw. caniniform - in the form of canines. carnivore - feeding on other animals. cartilaginous - made of cartilage or gristle. caudal fin - tail fin. caudal peduncle - the posterior of the body behind the cloaca, usually

slender, measured from the posterior of the anal fin base to the end of the vertebral column.

cheek - part of the head below the eye. claspers - male reproductive organs of the sharks, rays and skates. cloaca - the external opening of the alimentary canal and reproductive

organs. coalesced - grown together. compressed - flattened from side to side, confluent - joined together. conical - cone shaped; cylindrical at base and pointed at tip. conspecific - belonging to the same species. corselet - a scaly covering behind the pectorals in some fish. crepuscular - active at dawn and dusk cryptic - having a protective colouration facilitating concealment or

living amongst shelter or concealing cover. ctenoid scale - scale with a spiny hind margin.

352a

cycloid scale - scale with a smooth hind margin. denticle - small, tooth-like structure. depressed - dorso-ventrally flattened like skates and rays. depth (body) - usually refers to the vertical diameter of the body. dermal - pertaining to the skin. detritus - organic material derived from decomposing plants and animals. dimorphism - existing in two forms, usually differences between sexes

in body shape and/or colour, i.e. sexual dimorphism. disc - the flattened head and body of various fishes which also

commonly includes the pectoral and ventral fins. diurnal - active in the daytime. dorsal - related to the upper surface; back. dorsal fin - any fin on the back, unpaired and up to three in number. endemic - native and restricted to a given area. erectile - capable of being raised. estuarine - living in estuaries. falcate - sickle-shaped. family - one of the categories in animal classification, the name

ending in -idae. Contains one or several genera. fauna - the animals inhabiting the area or locality under consideration. filament - a thread. filiform - thread-like finlets, detached and expanded soft rays of

midline, behind dorsal and anal fins. fin ray - a flexable bone supporting the membrane of a fin, often

branched once or many times. fin spine - a rigid bone supporting the membrane of a fin, never

branched. fusiform - spindle-shaped. genus (pi. genera) - the category in animal classification which contains

one or more species. gill arch - bony structure which supports the gill. gill raker - bony projections along the front edge of the gill arch,

used for filtering food organisms or protecting the gills, vary from few to many in number, and from short and stout to long and slender in form.

gills - organs for breathing the air contained in water. gonad - organ producing reproductive tissue, gonochorist - an individual that produces either sperm or eggs, and

does not have the genetic capacity to change sex. group spawning - a group of males mating with one or more_ females.

353a

harem - a group of females contained within the territory of a single male, and which mate almost exclusively with that male.

herbivore - plant-eating. hermaphrodite - an individual that produces both male and female

gametes. incisiform - in the form of incisors, incisor - the front or cutting teeth. initial phase - having a colour pattern characteristic of small adult

individuals. jugular - pertaining to the throat. keel - ridge along the ventral surface of the abdomen or lateral

surface of the caudal peduncle. lateral - referring to the sides. lateral line - a sensory organ consisting of a series of tubes. lateral line scales - pored scales forming an external line along each

side of a fish. lunate - shaped like a crescent moon. maxilla (pi. maxillae) - an upper jaw bone forming the lateral margin

of the upper jaw. mesopterygoid - a paired bone which forms most of the roof of the mouth. metamorphosis - the transition from larval form to adult form. molars - blunt or rounded grinding teeth, usually posterior in jaws. multi-fid - divided into many branches. nape - back of the head behind the eyes. nasal - pertaining to the nose or nostrils. nictating membrane - an inner transparent eyelid which helps to keep

the eye clean. nocturnal - active at night. nomenclature - the naming of plants and animals. obtuse - blunt. ocular - referring to the eyes. oesophagus - gullet. olfactory - referring to the sense of smell. omnivore - feeding on both plant and animal foods. opercular - pertaining to the operculum. operculum - one of the bones of the head which protects the gil.1

chamber. orbital - pertaining to the bones surrounding the eye. otolith - ear bone. ovum (pi. ova) - egg.

354a

ovary - female reproductive organ oviparous - producing eggs which hatch after being laid. ovoviviparous - producing eggs which hatch inside the mother. pair spawning - a single male mating with a single female. palate - roof of the mouth. palatine - paired bone forming the margin of the roof of the mouth

towards the front. Palatine teeth are carried on this bone. pectoral fins - paired fins just behind or below the gill openings. pelagic - living in the open sea. pelvic fins - paired fins positioned on the ventral surface between

the head and the vent. pharyngeal bones - bones behind the gills in the oesophagus. pharynx - cavity between the mouth and oesophagus. phytoplankton - microscopic floating plants that live in the surface

waters. piscivore - feeding on fish. plankton - minute organisms that live in surface waters of seas and

lakes. prehensile - adapted for holding. premaxilla (pi. premaxillae) - paired bones that form the front of

the upper jaw; the main tooth carrying bone of the upper jaw in most fishes.

preoperculum - the front part of the gill cover. protandrous hermaphrodite - an individual that changes sex from male

to female. protogynous hermaphrodite - an individual that changes sex from female

to male. protractile - capable of being extended. protrusible - capable of forward extension. radial - arranged like rays. recurved - curving upwards. ripe - used to describe fish ready to spawn. rudimentary - very weakly developed. recumbent - lying down and directed backwards. rhomboidal - diamond shaped. scute - large shield-like scale usually with prominent ridge or keel. sequential hermaphrodite - a hermaphrodite that produces male and

female gametes at different stages of its life. serrated - with saw-like teeth. simultaneous hermaphrodite - a hermaphrodite that produces male and

355a

female gametes at the same time. snout - part of the head in front of the eyes. soft dorsal - portion of dorsal fin supported by flexible rays. species - groups of actually or potentially interbreeding populations. stellate - star-like. streaking - rushing in to join a male and a female at the climax of

pair spawning. swim bladder - a gas-filled sac lying beneath the backbone. taxonomy - the science of the classification of animals and plants. terminal - at the end. terminal phase - having a colour pattern characteristic of the

largest males. testes - male reproductive organs. thoracic - chest; the area of the ventral surface just behind the head

and below the pectoral fin bases. transverse - crosswise. tricuspid - with three points. truncated - abruptly cut off; refers to the caudal fin. undulated - waved; wavy. uniform (colouration) - of one colour. ventral - referring to the lower surface. ventral f i n - see pelvic fin. vertical fins - fins of the median line of the body; the dorsal, anal

and caudal fins. vestigial - small remnant of an organ or structure which is in the

process of being lost. v i l l i - minute finger-like processes. v i l l i form teeth - small with the appearance of velvet. viviparous - producing live young from within the body of the mother. vomer - a bone at the front of the roof of the mouth, sometimes baring

teeth. zooplankton - animals that live in the plankton in surface waters.

This page has intentionally been

left blank

357a

Index of Scientific Names :

abdominalis, Hippocampus „. .. 103 Callanthias, allporti .. eo 119 ACANTHOCLINIDAE e„ ** .. 112 capito, Forsterygion .. »* ««> 231 Acanthoc1inus quadridactylus ** 121 Caprodon, longimanus .. * * .. 117 adspersa, Pempheris .. ** .. 149 CARANGIDAE . ** .. .. .. 124 aequipinnis, Scorpis *<> .. .. 155 Car anx, georgianus . ... . • .. 131 affinis, Trachichthodes .. .. 91 CARCHARHINIDAE . * * .. .. ' -. 23 alboscapularis, Parma „ eo .. 165 Carcharhinus, brachyurus .. 25 Aldrichetta forsteri .. .. 189 cardinalis, Scorpaena .. «« 107 allporti, Callanthias „ .. 119 celidotus, Pseudolabrus .. 193 Allomycterus whitleyi . .. .. 283 CHEILODACTYLIDAE , .. . . * * 173 ANGUILLIFORMES .. .. .. .. 41 Cheilodactylus, douglasi .. .. 181 ANTHERINIFORMES .. .. .." .. 84 macropterus »* 183 APLODACTYLIDAE . . . . . . .. 173 spectabilis .. 179 Aplodactylus meandratus BO • . 177 Chelodonichthys, kumu .. .. 109 ARRIPIDAE . . . . . . 124 CHIRONEMIDAE . . . . . . ". . 173 Arripis trutta .. 6e 135 Chironemus , marmoratus . .. 175 atun, Thrysites „. .. .. * * 275 CHONDRICHTHYS .. .. .. .. .. 22 aurantiacus, Cristiceps «« .. 261 Chromis, dispilus .. oe .. . • 169 auratus Chrysophrys . * .. .. 139 hypsilepis .. .. .. 167 australasieus, Scomber .. .. 273 Chrysophrys, ayratus .. .. .. 139 australis, Engraulis .. .. .. 51 ciliaris, Latridopsis .. .. 187

CLINIDAE . . . . . . . . . . 258 bacchus, Physiculus . . . . . . 81 CLUPEIDAE . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 BALISTOIDEI . . 277 CLUPEIFORMES . . . . «... . . » . 49 BERYCIDAE .. . . 88 colias, Parapercis „ . . . . . . 217 BERYCIFORMES « „ . . . . . . <. « 88 compressus, Notoclinus . • . . . 255 BLENNIIDAE .. .. .. .. 221 Conger, wilsoni .. .. - - 45 BLENNIOIDEI . . * . » « » » «. 221 CONGRIDAE » 0 e « » o o 0 « « .« 42 Blennius laticlavius .. 223 Coris, sandageri .- 209 ̂ Bodianus, oxycephalus . ® 2 0 7 Cristiceps, aurantiacus . • 261 brachyurus, Carcharhinus 25 brevicaudatus, Dasyatis e» 33 DASYATIDAE . 32 breviusculus, Pseudophycis ** 79 Dasyatis, brevicaudatus ««. 33

Decapterus, koheru . „«127 Caesioperca, lepidoptera »» 115 decemdigitatus, Gilloblennius * * 251

358a

Dellichthys, morelandi . . 71 gracilis, Gastrocyathus .. 73 DIODONTIDAE . . . . « . • , 278 grandis, Seriola 125 Diplocrepis, puniceus . . 61 Gymnothorax, prasinus • „ 43 dispilus t Chromis „ . 169 douglasi, Cheilodactylus . . 181 Helcogramma, species A .. 245

species B .. 247 elevatus, Zanclistius . . 163 Hippocampus, abdominalis .. 103 Ellerkeldia, huntii „ , 113 Hoplostethus, elongatus .. 89 elongatus, Hoplosthethus . . 89 huntii, Ellerkeldia n . 113 ENGRAUL IDAE , , 49 hypsilepis, Chromis „ , 167 Engraulis, australis . „ 51 Ericentrus, ruber . , , 259 ihi, Reporhampus „ b 85 EXOCOETIDAE .. • , 84 ins crip tus, Pseudolabrus 203

Isuridae , , 24 faber, Zeus , , 95 Isurus, oxyrinchus 27 filum, Lissocampus . . 99 forsteri, Aldrichetta . . 189 koheru, Decapterus „ B 127 Forsterygion, capito „ B 231 kurnu, Chelodonichthys . „ 109

species B . . 235 KYPHOSIDAE . . . . . * * , . 148 species C 237 Kyphosus, sydneyanus , „ 153 species D . . 239 species E . . 241 labiosus, Paristiopterus so 161 species F .. 143 LABRIDAE „ , 191 varium 227 LABROIDEI * ' , , 191

fucicola, Pseudolabrus . . 197 laticlavius, Blennius , 223 LATRIDAE « « , 174

GAD IDAE . . „ „ 76 Latridopsis, ciliaris n „ 187 GADIFORMES „ . 76 lepidoptera, Caesioperca .. 115 GASTEROSTEIFORMES „ . 98 Lissocampus, filum n . 99 Gastrocyathus, gracilis . . 73 longimanus, Caprodon . , 117 GEMPYLIDAE B P 272 Lotella, rhacinus ..'11

Genyagnus, monopterygius .. 219 luculentus, Pseudolabrus .. 205 georgianus, Caranx , . 131 Gilloblennius, decemdigitabus . 251 macropterus, Cheilodactylus 183

tripennis . . 249 macropterygia, Stigmatopora .. 101 Girella, tricuspidata . . 151 marmoratus, Chironemus ao 175 GOBIEOSOCIDAE . , . 60 meandratus, Aplodactylus .. 177 GOBIEOSOCIFORMES . . 60 melobesia, Tracheloschismus . . 69

359a

mites, Pseudolabrus .. * * .. 201 Mola, mola «„ ... .. .. 285 mola, Mola .. .. * * *«> 285 MOLIDAE . . „ „ . 0 . . o o c . 278 MONACANTHIDAE . . . „ e * * . . 277 monopterygiusF Genyagnus ** . • 219 morelandi, Dellichthys .. »» 71 MUGILIDAE . . . . . 0 9 » . . . 174 MUGILOIDEI © & » „ . . . . . . 174 MUGILOIDIDAE . . . . . . . . . . 216 MULLIDAE . . . . . . . 144 MURAENIDAE . . . . « a . . * * 41 MYCTOPHOIDEI * * . . . . . . .« 56 MYLIOBATIDAE * * . . * * . . . * 32 Myliobatus, tenuicaudatus . .. 35

neopilohardus, Sardinops .. .. 53 Notoclinus, cornpressus * * .. 255 Notoclinops, segmentatum • • • • 253 novae-zelandiae, Trachurus .. 129

ODACIDAE . . 212 Odax, pullus . . . . oo e0 . . 213 OPHICHTHIDAE . . „ « . . . . . . 42 Ophisurus, serpens »0 .. 47 OSTEICHTHYS . . . . . . . . . . 40 oxycephalus, Bodianus . .. .. 207 oxyrinchus, Isurus .. .. .. 27

Parapercis, colias .. . • . • 217 Paristiopterus, labiosus .. .. 161 Parika, scaber .. . .. .. .. 279 Parma, aIboscapularis . .. .. 165 PEMPHERIDAE . . . . 147 Pempheris, adspersa * * .. ... 149 PENTACEROTIDAE @ @ * * * * * * 159 PERCIFORMES * 8 » . . 111 PERCOIDEI e o e o . . o 0 e. 111

Physiculus, bacchus . .. .. es 81 pinnulatus, Tracheloschsmus . 65 Plagiotremus tapeniosoma . «,. .. 161 POMACENTRIDAE » » . . . . . . . . 159 porosus, Upeneichthys ** .. .. 145 prasinus, Gymnothorax <,. . .. 43 Pseudolabrus, celidotus 00 oc 193

fucicola .. .. * * 197 inscriptus * „ „ .. 203 luculentus . .. .. 205 miles o e o o o. o« 201

Pseudophycis, breviusculus .. .. 79 pullus, Odax o ,. ** ... 213 puniceus, Diplocrepis .. .. «* 61

quadridactylus, Acanthoc1inus « * 121

RAJIFORMES ee . . . . . . a. 31 Reporhampus, ihi . . .. . 85 rhacinus, Lotella .. .. .. .. 77 ruber, Ericentrus .. .. .. . 259

SALMONIFORMES „ » . . . . . » „ « 56 sandageri, Coris . 209 Sardinops, neopilchardus . ** 53 scaber, Parika .» «0 « » »« .. 279 Scomber, australasicus »« «« »« 273 SCOMBRIDAE e » • « « » . « a « ... 271 SCOMBROIDEI « a o e » 0 271 Scorpaena, cardinalis . a e« a« 107 SCORPAENIDAE „ .0 .. ». -e .o 105 SCORPAENIFORMES . » «, . o « » « . «, 105 Scorpis, aequipinnis . ... ** 155

violaceus .. .. «. „» 157 segmentatum, Notoclinops . e. «. 253 Seriola, grandis . „* ** .. ** 125 serpens, Ophisurus 47 SERRANIDAE „. ». .. .- ». .. Ill

360a

SPARIDAE . . . . * . * * . . . . 138 spectabilis, Cheilodactylus .. 179 Sphyrna, zygaena . . . . . . .. 29 SPHYRNIDAE . . . . » * . . . . 24 SQAULIFORMES . . .. .. . . . . 23 Stigmatopora macropterygia .. 101 Sydneyanus, Kyphosus 153 SYNGNATHIDAE * « 98 SYNODONTIDAE . . . . . . * » * « 56 Synodus, species . . . . .. . • 57

tapeinosoma, Plagiotremus . .. 225 tenuicaudatus, Myliobatus . .. 35 TETRADONTIFORMES . . . . . . . . 277 TETRADONTOIDEI . . . . . . .. 278 Thrysites, atun .. .. .. 275 TORPENINIDAE . . . . . . . . . . 32 Torpedo, fairchildii .. .. ** 37 Tracheloschismus, meZobesia .. 69

pinnulatus .. 65 TRACHICHTHIDAE .. ... . . . . 88 Trachichthodes, affinis .. «« 91

Trachinoidei . .. .. * ® . . .. 216 Trachurus, novae-zelandiae .. .. 129 tricuspidatar Girella .. .. .. 151 Triglidae . . . . .. © ® . . .. 105 tripennis, Gilloblennius . *. .. 249 TRIPTERYGIIDAE . . . . . . . . . . 220 trutta, Arripis . .. ** .. .. 135

Upeneichthys , porosus . . . . «« 145 URANOSCOPIDAE .. . . .. • .. * . 216

violaceus, Scorpis .. 157 varium, Forsterygion * * .. .. 227

whitteyi Allomycterus .. .. *. 283 wilsoni, Conger . . .. 45

Zanclistius, elevatus .. .. .. 163 ZEIDAE » s . . " . . . . . ."''94 ZEIFORMES . . . . . . . . .. ' .. 94 Zeus, faber .. .. .. .. .. .. " 95 zygaena, Sphyrna . .. .. .. ** 29

361a

Index of Common Names

Allport1s perch 119 bream, black .. . . . . 151 49 0 0 138

. 51 bronze whaler .. .25 . . . 149

253 butterfish oe ......... 213 197 butterfly perch oe

1 1 5

barracouta .. 275 .. • : ' . ; ... i"..

69 .. 219 79 chequered blenny . . . . ... 245 149 . . . . ..197

black" angelfish 165 chocolate blenny . . . . ..243 . . 151 clingfish, barred 69 . . 221 painted .. 3.,...,,... 71

253 slender 7 3

:: • chequered .. 245 clingfishes • V 6 0

' chocolate ? . .. .. 243 cobble blenny .. .. ..231 cobble .. * * . . _ 231 cod, bastard red .. 79

223 ffle ...... 217 225 .. . . * * 81 227 .. . . .. 77

oblique-swiimning .. 237 codfishes * 0 s „ «, - 76 sabre-tooth 225 .. . „ . 216

241 . . .. 42^.45 251 . . . . .... .223

spectacled . . 249 249 eagle ray .. . 35 247 .. , 37

Yaldwyn8 s . . . - - . 239 eel, conger . . 45 217 ... • ... ... 47

, 187 yellow moray .. • 43 157 eels, conger . . . . . ... : ... ..... 42 27 ...... 42

boarfish, giant ea 161 163 .. . . 277

, 157

362a

garfish . . . . ® ® . . * * . . 85 giant boarfish . . . . .. ® » 161 goatfishes . . . . .. . . . . 144 goatfish . . . . . • . . . . * * 145 golden snapper .. ... 88, 91 grandfather hapuku .. . . 107 granite trout . . . 177 greenbone . . . .. . . . • .. 213

1 green wrasse .. 203 grinners .. . . .. .. .. . . 56 •gropers .. .. «. .« ® - 111 • gurnards . * . . .. .. .. « « 105

halfbeaks .. * * . . 84 hammerhead sharks . .. «« 24, 29 herrings o. . . 50 hiwihiwi .. „. .. .. .. .. 175 horse mackerel . • • . .. •. 129

jacks . .. .. 124 john dory . . . .. 95

kahawai .. .. .. .. • • .. 135 kelpfishes - 173

1 kelpf ish .. - - 175 kingfish ..125 'koheru .. . . 127

' leather jacket . .. 279 leatherjackets 277 lizardfish . . . . . . . . . . 57 lizardfishes „ « .. 56 longfin . .. 117

* longfinned boarfish . . .. . . 163 •"long-nosed weedfish . . . . 259 long-snouted pipefish . .. .. 101 lumpf ish 65

mackerel, blue . . . . . . . . . . 273 horse . . . * . . . . . . 129 sharks . .. . « .. . . 24

mackerels .. . . .. . . ..271 snake . .. 272

mako ® ® . • .. .. 27 maomao, blue . . . . . . . . . .. 175

pink «® 117 marblefish .. .. .. .. .. . . 177 marblefishes . . . . .« 173 mimic blenny . . . ... »» .. *. 225 moki, blue .. .. .. 187

red .. . . .. .. . . . . 179 morays, . . .. . . . . ® * .. .. 41

yellow . . . .. . . . » • . 43 mottled blenny • • . . • .. .. . . . . 227 mullet, red .. .. . . -. ..-145

yellow-eyed «« •'•••.. . • 189 ^mullets, . .. .. • .. .. .« 174

red . . . * .. .. .. .. 144

northern kingfish . . . „ .. . . 124

oblique-swimming blenny .. * • . . . . 237 orange wrasse .. . . . .. . . 205

painted clingfish . . . . . . .. 71 paketi . . - .. * - 193 parore . . . . 151 perch, Allport1s 119

butterfly . .. 115 redbanded . .. 113

pilchard .. . - 53 pilchards .. .. .e ». «. «e 50 pink maomao .. .« .. .. «. »« 117 pipefish, long-snouted .. .. .. 101

short-snouted .. .. .- 99

363a

pipefishes . . .. .. . . . .. 98 .. . ... 105 . . .. 85 . . .. Ill . . .. . 181 .. . . 138

porcupinefish . . . .« . 278, 283 sea carps .. * ? 173 ... ,.. 138

oa- /.103 ... .,-j .. .35 ?8

. . . . 37 e a . . 105 .. i.

shortailed stingray, ... ... 33 ...... 124 ... . o. 31 . . 0. 22 a 0 e . 32 bronze whaler • .... . . . 25 ... ......

electric .. 00 32 hammerhead :. 24, 29 .. • . * 32 . . . . 24

redbanded perch .0 .. 113 * * .. 27

a 0 . . 81 requiem „. .. 23 . . .. 109 short-snouted pipefish . . . . 99

a . o. 179 short-tailed stingray . . . „ 33 a . .. 145 .. .. 153 . . .. 144 single-spot demoiselle . . 167

red pigfish oe . . 207 slender clingfish 73

e a . . 91 slender roughy n, .. 89 . . .„201 snake blenny , . . . . 251

oe 255 42, 47

requiem sharks . . . o 23 snake mackerels , , ..212

. . . 0 77 snapper, . , . . 139 os ..121 golden , . . 88, 91 . . .. 105 , , .. 91 „ . o. 88 . . . ..275 . . ... 89 spectacled blenny ., .. 249 . . .. 148 splendid perch 119

spotted stargazer n - . . 219 oc 193

sabre-tooth blenny . . .. 225 stargazer, spotted . . 219 Sandager1s wrasse . . .. 209 . . 216 scaly-headed blenny . . .. 241 stout blenny „ „ .. 249

. . .. 201 ,, 61

. . .. 107 . 278, 285

364

tarakihi . * * .. .. . .. 183 threepenny . . * * ». . . .« " 251 tiger blenny . ' .. .. .. -• 247 torpedo ray .. . . c. .. •. 37 trevaiiy . .. . . .. .. •. 131 triplefins . . .. . . . . .. 220

; trumpeters ' • . . . <» . . . . . . . ' 174

tuna" . . . . . •. .. .. -•" 271 two-spot demoiselle .. .. .. 169

weedfish, crested .. . . .. 261 long-nosed . . . . . 259

weed whitings . . • . ® ® . . 212

whiptail . . . . . . . . • « ' . . 35 wrasse, banded . . . . . . . . 197

green * . . . . . . . . . 203 orange . . . . . . . ... 205 Sandager1s . „ . . . . . . 209 scarlet . . . . .. .. .. 201

wrasses . . .. .. . . .. .e • .. 191

Yaldwyn1s blenny . . . . . . . . 239

yellow-black blenny ». .. a. .. 235 yellow-eyed mullet . . .. .. .. 189 yellow moray . .» ... .. ' .« .. 43 yellow-tail .. . . . . . . . . .. 127