Bibliography of Traditional Board Games

Damian Walker

Introduction

The object of creating this document was toprovide an easy source of reference for my fu-ture projects, allowing me to find informationabout various traditional board games in thebooks, papers and periodicals I have accessto. The project began once I had finishedThe Traditional Board Game Series of leaflets,published on my web site. Therefore thoseleaflets will not necessarily benefit from infor-mation in many of the sources below.

Given the amount of effort this documenthas taken me, and would take someone else toreplicate, I have tidied up the presentation alittle, included this introduction and an expla-nation of the “families” of board games I haveused for classification.

My sources are all in English and include anumber of basic types: books on board games,other books, periodicals of papers, and indi-vidual papers published by academic or com-mercial institutions. I have avoided miscel-laneous pages on the world wide web as theeasiest way to filter out those flights of fancywhich owe more to the imagination than toactual research. In doing so I have unfortu-nately excluded some good research publishedon-line, and included some bad research pub-lished on paper. But I think, on balance, thatI am probably pointing myself and others gen-erally in the right direction.

In one revision I decided to include “pass-ing mentions” of the games in the references,where previously I included only works whichhave substantial information. In this I have

been very selective, and will include only thosepassing mentions of a game which give us use-ful information not available in the substan-tial accounts (for example, if they are proof ofan earlier or later existence of a game than ismentioned elsewhere).

The use of this document by myself andothers has been complicated by the facts thata name may have attached itself to more thanone game, and that a game might be knownby more than one name. I have dealt withthis by including every name known to mysources, using one name as a “primary name”(for instance, nine mens morris), listing itsother names there under the AKA heading,and having entries for each synonym refer thereader to the main entry. Extra care must betaken when cross-referencing: for instance, onlooking up the name akidada the reader is ex-pected to know what type of game he or sheis researching, in order to look ahead to theappropriate entry.

This is, and always will be, a work inprogress. It is likely to be expanded witheach new book that becomes available to me.It is therefore possible that I will upload arevised edition every now and then. If youhave suggestions, information or other com-ments, then please do not hesitate to sendthem to me by e-mail. Currently my addressis info@cyningstan.com.

Damian WalkerHull, November 2014

1

References

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[2] Becker, A. “The Royal Game of Ur”. AncientBoard Games in Perspective. London: BritishMuseum Press, 2007.

[3] Bell, R. C. Discovering Old Board Games. Ayles-bury: Shire Publications Ltd., 1973.

[4] Bell, R. C. Board and Table Games from ManyCivilizations. New York: Dover Publications,Inc., 1979 (a). Also published in two volumes byOxford University Press, 1960 (Board and TableGames) and 1969 (Board and Table Games II).

[5] Bell, R. C. The Boardgame Book. London: Mar-shall Cavendish Ltd, 1979 (b).

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[7] Bell, R. C. Games to Play. London: MichaelJoseph Limited, 1988.

[8] Bell, R. C. & Cornelius, M. Board Games Roundthe World. Cambridge: Cambridge UniversityPress, 1988.

[9] Borvo, A. “Sahkku, the ‘Devil’s game”’. BoardGames Studies 4. Leiden: CNWS Publications,2001.

[10] Botermans, J., Burrett, T., van Delft, P., & vonSplunteren, C. The World of Games. New York:Facts on File, Inc., 1989.

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[12] Cassell & Company. Cassell’s Complete Book ofSports and Pastimes. London: Cassell & Com-pany, Limited, 1896.

[13] Cribb, J. “Horse Coins: Pieces for Da Ma, theChinese Game of ‘Driving the Horses”’. AncientBoard Games in Perspective. London: BritishMuseum Press, 2007.

[14] Culin, S. Chinese Games with Dice. Philadelphia:The Oriental Club, 1889.

[15] Culin, S. “Mancala: the National Game ofAfrica”. Annual Report of the Board of Regents ofthe Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Gov-ernment Printing Office, 1894.

[16] Culin, S. “Chinese Games with Dice and Domi-noes”. Annual Report of the Board of Regents ofthe Smithsonian Institution. Washington: Gov-ernment Printing Office, 1895 (a).

[17] Culin, S. Korean Games. Philadelphia: Univer-sity of Pennsylvania, 1895 (b).

[18] Culin, S. “Chess and Playing Cards”. AnnualReport of the Board of Regents of the Smithso-nian Institution. Washington: Government Print-ing Office, 1896.

[19] Culin, S. Games of the North American Indians.Washington: Government Printing Office, 1907.

[20] Depaulis, T. “Inca Dice and Board Games”.Board Games Studies 1. Leiden: CNWS Publi-cations, 1998.

[21] Depaulis, T. “An Arab Game in the North Pole?”.Board Games Studies 4. Leiden: CNWS Publica-tions, 2001.

[22] Donkers, J., de Voogt, A., Uiterwijk, J. “Humanversus Machine Problem-Solving: Winning Open-ings in Dakon ”. Board Games Studies 3. Leiden:CNWS Publications, 2000.

[23] Dunn-Vaturi, A.-E. “The Monkey Race Remarkson Board Games Accessories ”. Board GamesStudies 3. Leiden: CNWS Publications, 2000.

[24] Eagle, V. “Pylogenetic Classification of MancalaGames”. Board Games Studies 1. Leiden: CNWSPublications, 1998.

[25] Ernst, M. D. Playing Konane Mathematically:A Combinatorial Game-Theory Analysis. Red-mond: Microsoft Research, 1995.

[26] Falkener, E. Games Ancient and Oriental, andHow to Play Them. London: Longmans, Green& Co., 1892. Reprinted New York: Dover Publi-cations, Inc., 1961.

[27] Fairbairn, J. “Go in China”. Ancient BoardGames in Perspective. London: British MuseumPress, 2007.

[28] Finkel, I. L. “Pachisi in Arab Garb”. BoardGames Studies 5. Leiden: CNWS Publications,2002.

[29] Finkel, I. L. “On the Rules for the Royal Game ofUr”. Ancient Board Games in Perspective. Lon-don: British Museum Press, 2007.

[30] Fiske, D. W. Chess in Iceland. Florence: The Flo-rentine Typographical Society, 1905.

[31] Forbes, D. The History of Chess. London: Wm.H. Allen & Co., 1860.

[32] “Playing with filial piety some remarks on a19th-century variety of Japanese pictorial sug-oroku games”. Board Games Studies 5. Leiden:CNWS Publications, 2002.

[33] Gasser, R. “Solving Nine Men’s Morris”. Gamesof No Chance, vol. 29. Cambridge: CambridgeUniversity Press, 1996.

[34] Golladay, S. M. Los Libros de Acedrex Dados eTablas: Historical, Artistic and Metaphysical Di-mensions of Alfonso X’s Book of Games. Tucson:University of Arizona, 2007.

[35] Gomme, A. B. The Traditional Games of Eng-land, Scotland and Ireland, volume 1. London:David Nutt, 1894.

[36] Gomme, A. B. The Traditional Games of Eng-land, Scotland and Ireland, volume 2. London:David Nutt, 1898.

2

[37] Guild Publishing. The Compendium of Games.London: Guild Publishing, 1989.

[38] Grunfeld F. (ed). Games of the World. New York:Holst, Rinehart and Winston, 1975.

[39] Hearn, R. A. “Amazons, Konane, and CrossPurposes are PSPACE-complete”. Games of NoChance, vol. 56. Cambridge: Cambridge Univer-sity Press, 2009.

[40] Hoerth, A. J. “The Game of Hounds and Jack-als”. Ancient Board Games in Perspective. Lon-don: British Museum Press, 2007.

[41] Lane, E. W. An Account of the Manners and Cus-toms of the Modern Egyptians, vol. 2. London:Charles Knight and Co., 1836.

[42] Linnaeus, C., Smith, J. E. (tr.). Lachesis Lap-ponica, vol. 2. London: London: White andCochrane, 1811.

[43] Loader, J. & Loader, J. Making Board, Peg &Dice Games. Lewes: Guild of Master Craftsmen,1993.

[44] Love, B. Play the Game. London: Book Club As-sociates, 1978.

[45] Love, B. Great Board Games. New York: Macmil-lan Publishing Co., Inc., 1979.

[46] Kendall, T. Passing Through the Netherworld.Belmont: Kirk Game Company, Inc., 1978.

[47] Kendall, T. “Mehen: the Ancient Egyptian Gameof the Serpent”. Ancient Board Games in Per-spective. London: British Museum Press, 2007.

[48] Lim Y. J. & Nievergelt, J. “Computing Tigersand Goats”. ICGA Journal, September 2004. In-ternational Computer Games Association, 2004.

[49] Michaelsen, P. “Daldøs, an almost forgotten diceboard game”. Board Games Studies 4. Leiden:CNWS Publications, 2001.

[50] Murray, H. J. R. A History of Chess. Oxford: TheClarendon Press, 1913.

[51] Murray, H. J. R. A History of Board-GamesOther Than Chess. Oxford: Oxford UniversityPress, 1952.

[52] Næsheim, A. “Daldøsa, an old dice game with anobscure origin”. Board Games Studies 4. Leiden:CNWS Publications, 2001.

[53] Østergard, E & Gaston, A. “Daldøs the Rules”.Board Games Studies 4. Leiden: CNWS Publica-tions, 2001.

[54] Parker, H. Ancient Ceylon. London: Luzac &Co., 1909.

[55] Parlett, D. The Oxford History of Board Games.Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.

[56] Piccione, P. A. “The Egyptian Game of Senet andthe Migration of the Soul”. Ancient Board Gamesin Perspective. London: British Museum Press,2007.

[57] Pritchard, D. Brain Games: the World’s BestGames for Two. Harmondsworth: Penguin BooksLtd., 1982.

[58] Pritchard, D. The Family Book of Games. NewLanark: Geddes & Grossett, 2007.

[59] Provenzo, A. B. & Provenzo, E. F. Jr. FavoriteBoard Games You Can Make and Play. NewYork: Dover Publications, Inc., 1990.

[60] Pusch, E. B. “The Egyptian ‘Game of TwentySquares’: is it related to ‘Marbles” and the Gameof the Snake?”. Ancient Board Games in Perspec-tive. London: British Museum Press, 2007.

[61] Riddler, I. “The Pursuit of Hnefatafl”. AncientBoard Games in Perspective. London: BritishMuseum Press, 2007.

[62] Rothohler, B. “Mehen, God of the Boardgames ”.Board Games Studies 2. Leiden: CNWS Publica-tions, 1999.

[63] Schadd, M. P. D., Winands, M. H. M., Uiterwijk,J. W. H. M., van den Herik, H. J., Bergsma M. H.J. Best Play in Fanorona Leads to Draw. Maas-tricht: Universiteit Maastricht, 2008.

[64] Schadler, U. “Medieval Nine-Mens Morris withDice”, Board Games Studies 3. Leiden: CNWSPublications, 2000.

[65] Schadler, U. “Pente grammai - the ancient Greekboard game Five Lines ”. Proceedings of theBoard Games Studies Colloquium XI. Lisboa:Associaa Ludus, 2009.

[66] Seville, A. “The Sociable Game of the Goose ”.Proceedings of the Board Games Studies Collo-quium XI. Lisboa: Associacao Ludus, 2009.

[67] Sheppard, R & Wilkinson, J. Strategy Games.Stadbroke: Tarquin Publications, 2000.

[68] Shimizu, Y., Miyahara, S. “Game Boards in theLongmen Caves and the Game of Fang ”. BoardGames Studies 5. Leiden: CNWS Publications,2002.

[69] Shurreef, J., Herklots, G. A. (tr.). Customs of theMoosulmans of India. London: Parbury, Allen &Co., 1832.

[70] Stigter, J. “Rithmomachia, the Philosophers’Game: An Introduction to its History and Rules”.Ancient Board Games in Perspective. London:British Museum Press, 2007.

[71] van der Stoep, A. “Early Spanish Board Games”. Board Game Studies 5. Leiden: CNWS Publi-cations, 2002.

[72] Strutt, J. Sports and Pastimes of the People ofEngland. London: Thomas Tegg, 1841.

[73] Thompson, D. Teaching a Neural Network toPlay Konane. Bryn Mawr: Bryn Mawr College,2005.

[74] Vasantha, R. “Board games from the city of Vi-jayanagara (Hampi), 1336-1565: a survey and astudy”. Board Games Studies 6. Leiden: CNWSPublications, 2003.

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[75] Verbeeck, L. “Bul: a Patolli Game in Maya Low-land”. Board Games Studies 1. Leiden: CNWSPublications, 1998.

[76] de Voogt, A. “Distribution of mancala boardgames: a methodological inquiry ”.

[77] . Leiden: CNWS Publications, 1999.

[78] de Voogt, A. “Mancala boards (Olinda Keliya) inthe National Museums of Colombo ”.

[79] . Leiden: CNWS Publications, 2000.

[80] de Voogt, A. “Hawalis in Oman: a first accountof expertise and dispersal of four-row mancala inthe Middle East”. Board Games Studies 6. Lei-den: CNWS Publications, 2003.

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[82] Wagner, J. & Virag, I. “Solving Renju”, ICGAJournal. Maastricht: International ComputerGames Association, 2001.

[83] Walker, D. G. Reconstructing Hnefatafl. Hull:Cyningstan, 2013.

[84] Walker, D. G. A Book of Historic Board Games.Hull: Cyningstan, 2014.

[85] Whitehill, B. “American Games: a HistoricalPerspective”. Board Games Studies 2. Leiden:CNWS Publications, 1999.

[86] Whitehill, B. “Halma & Chinese Checkers:Origins and Variations.” Step by Step: Pro-ceedings of the Colloquium, Board Games inAcademia IV. Fribourg: Fribourg UniversityPress, 2002. Web-formatted version retrievedfrom http://thebiggamehunter.com/games-one-by-one/halma/.

[87] Zaslavsky, C. More Math Games & Activitiesfrom Around the World. Chicago: Chicago Re-view Press, 2003.

4

The Game Families

In order to more easily identify the games, andto help disentangle from one another differentgames which have the same name, they havebeen categorised into families. Membership ofa family does not necessarily imply any rela-tionship to the other games in the family, apartfrom resemblance. The names are arbitrarybut, in all but a few cases, have been quitewidely used.

The categories are themselves loosely organ-ised into four groups: race games, where play-ers attempt to be the first to move their piecesto a certain point; war games, where playersof equal strength try to be the first to over-come their opponents or opponents pieces; huntgames, where a player with a large force of weakpieces attempts to corner a player with a smallforce of strong pieces; and construction games,where players attempt to form a certain config-uration with their pieces before the opponentdoes the same.

alquerque: war games played on a net-worked grid, where pieces are placed on pointsthat are joined together by lines. The boardsfor these games come in a variety of shapes.Pieces generally move from one point to thenext along a marked line, and a piece is cap-tured by leaping over it to the empty point be-yond.

ashtapada: race games played on a squareboard, usually by four players. Pieces racearound the board on a spiral path, each playerspath being rotated so as to start at his own sideof the board. Because the paths are thereforedifferent, they cannot be marked on the boardbut must be remembered by the players.

chess: war games in which each player hasan array of major pieces of different types. Infront of these pieces is a row of foot soldiersof limited power. The object for each player isusually to trap a designated enemy piece (usu-ally a king), rather than mere material capture.

dara: war games played on a square grid.The game starts with the board empty. In aninitial phase, players place pieces from theirhand onto the board, and in a second phasepieces are moved from one space to an adjacent

space. Forming a row of three allows captureof an enemy piece, and the game is won by re-ducing the enemy to two pieces.

draughts: war games played on a squaregrid. The forces start massed at each end of theboard, and pieces are initially restricted frommoving backwards, in order to force the armiesearly into contact. Movement is to an adjacentsquare, with pieces reaching the opposite end ofthe board being promoted and allowed to movein all directions. A piece captures an enemy byjumping over it onto the empty square beyond,and the aim of the game is to capture all enemypieces.

fox & geese: hunt games played on a crossshaped board formed by points with lines con-necting them. A small number of prey piecesface a large number of hunters. All pieces movefrom one point to the next along a marked line,sometimes with movement restrictions for thehunters. The prey may capture a hunter byjumping over it onto the empty space beyond.The prey wins by capturing all the hunters,while the hunters win by hemming in the preyso that it cannot move.

go: games of placement, where the sur-rounding enemy pieces and territory gains cap-tures or scores points.

go moku: a construction game played onthe points of a square grid. Players place theirpieces in turn, one at a time, onto an initiallyempty board. The first to form a row of fivepieces of his own colour wins the game.

halma: race games played without luck.Each player starts with his pieces at his ownend of the board, and attempts to be the first tomove them to the opposite side. Pieces usuallymove to an adjacent square, but a piece maymove more quickly by instead jumping over apiece of any colour to the adjacent space be-yond, and jumping again and again if in a po-sition to do so. Thus success in these games re-lies on skill in arranging the pieces to aid eachother, instead of on the luck of dice.

hnefatafl: hybrid hunt/war games in whicha small number of forces attempts to aid a kingpiece in his escape from a large force twice their

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number. Pieces move orthogonally and an en-emy piece is captured by surrounding it on twoopposite sides by friendly pieces. The smallforce wins by moving the king to the periph-ery of the board, while the larger force wins bycapturing the king.

horseshoe: war games on a grid of pointsjoined by lines. Pieces move from one pointto the next along a marked line, without pow-ers of capture. The winner is the player whoblocks his opponent so that he cannot move.So named because some boards have a gap inone side, thus being shaped like a horseshoe.

lasca: war games on chequered boardsmuch resembling the draughts family. Piecesare all placed on squares of one colour, movingdiagonally. A piece is captured by leaping overit onto the square beyond, but the capturedpiece is dragged along with its conqueror andplaced underneath it at the end of the move.The game is won by the player who has cap-tured all the enemy pieces.

latrunculi: war games played on a grid ofsquares. Pieces move orthogonally, and an en-emy is captured by surrounding it on two op-posite sides. The player who has captured allhis opponents pieces wins the game.

leopard game: hunt games played on atriangular grid. Pieces are placed on pointsjoined by lines, and move from one point toan adjacent point along a marked line. Gener-ally the games start with the prey already onthe board, but the hunters are placed, one ata time, while the prey are making their firstmoves around the board. Once the hunters areall placed, they may start to make their moves.The prey are powerful pieces who may capturea hunter by leaping over him onto the vacantsquare beyond. The prey wins by capturing allthe hunters, while the hunters have to trap theprey. The grid may have extensions to its basictriangular shape.

mancala: war games played on boardsformed of two, three or four rows of large holes,each hole capable of holding a large numberof pieces. Pieces are moved by lifting themfrom one hole and sowing them, dropping themone each into subsequent holes along a prede-termined path. Captures are made by various

arrangements of the pieces which vary from onemancala game to another. The game is usuallywon by the player who has captured the mostpieces when no more moves can be made.

mehen: race games played on a spiral-shaped board.

merels: hybrid war/construction gamesplayed on a grid of points joined by lines. Inan initial phase, pieces are placed by the play-ers alternately, onto empty points on the board.When all are placed, pieces can move from onepoint to another on a marked line. Forming arow of three pieces allows the capture of an en-emy pieces, and the first player to reduce hisenemy to two pieces wins the game.

pachisi: race games played on a cross-shaped grid of squares. Four players take part,often in partnerships where players sitting op-posite each other team up. Each arm of thecross usually has a width of three squares.Pieces race around the outer rows of squaresaround the periphery of the cross, proceedingup the inner rows of squares to the centre whenthey have made their circuit. The first playeror partnership to get his pieces to the centralsquare wins the game.

perugian game: hunt games played on achess board. One or two powerful prey piecesstart at one end of the board, while a largernumber of weak hunter pieces starts at theother. Pieces move diagonally to an adjacentsquare, the hunters being restricted to forwardmovement. In some games, the prey may cap-ture a hunter by leaping over it onto the emptysquare beyond, in which the prey wins by cap-turing all the hunters. In other games there isno capture, but the prey wins by reaching theopposite end of the board. The hunters win bytrapping the prey so that it cannot move.

promotion game: race games where theobject is the first to achieve a particular rank.The board is rectangular and arranged into apattern of squares, which may not necessarilybe of the same size. Squares have different ef-fects upon the pieces that land on them, includ-ing promotion and demotion.

senet: race games played on an elongatedgrid of squares, usually in three rows. Thepieces move along the squares in a predeter-

6

mined path, and a player wins by being the firstto get all his pieces to the end of the course.

zohn ahl: race games played on a circleof playing spaces, usually 40 in number. The

cardinal points of the compass form the startand end points, and obstacles such as creeks.Performance in these games is generally basedcompletely on luck, with no skill element.

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The Games

(unnamed), family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 111.

(unnamed), family: circularhunt. Sources: Murray 1952,112.

(unnamed), family: (race).Sources: Murray 1952, 141.

(unnamed), family: promo-tion game. Sources: Murray1952, 146 (6.6.7).

(unnamed), family: (race).Sources: Murray 1952, 148(6.7.5).

(unnamed), family: zohnahl. Sources: Culin 1907,121-122. Murray 1952, 153(6.7.27).

(unnamed), family: zohnahl. Sources: Murray 1952,155 (6.7.32).

(unnamed), family: zohnahl. Sources: Murray 1952,156.

(unnamed), family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,174 [7.4.2].

(unnamed), family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,184-185 [7.5.30].

(unnamed), family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,190-191.

(unnamed), family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,197.

(unnamed), family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,199 [7.6.18].

(unnamed), family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,199-200, 7.6.19.

(unnamed), family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,206.

(unnamed), family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,

217 [8.3.6].(unnamed), family: man-

cala. Sources: Murray 1952,224 [8.5.5].

(unnamed), family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,224 [8.5.9].

(unnamed), family: chess.Sources: Murray 1913, 347[III (14)]

(unnamed), family: chess.Sources: Murray 1913, 347[III (15)]

(unnamed), family: merels.Sources: Culin 1907, 793,794f.

a k’aak’il, family: puluc.Sources: Verbeeck 1998, 90.

a-wi-thlak-na-kwe. See aw-ithlaknakwe.

abalala’e, family: mancala.Sources: Bell 1988, 59-60.

abanga, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 602.

acedrex de las diez casas,family: chess. Sources: Mur-ray 1913, 348.

acey ducey, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 129.Parlett 1999, 81-82.

achchana gundlu, family:mancala. See chenne maneata.

achi, family: merels. Sources:Bell 1979 [4], 2:55-56. Bell1979 [5], 145. Bell 1980,49. Bell 1988, 45. Bell &Cornelius 1988, 7. Loader& Loader 1993, 31-33.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,37-40. Sheppard & Wilkin-son 2000, 7. Zaslavsky 2003,14-15. a.k.a. luk tsut k’i,tic-tac-toe.

achi, family: merels. See sixmen’s morris.

adangang, family: tables.

Sources: Murray 1952, 116.a.k.a. padagang.

adi, adji, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 184.a.k.a. aji.

adi, family: mancala. Seeobridjie.

adji, adji-pre, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,203-204. a.k.a. lontu-holo

adjiboto, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 203.

adjito, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 181.

adzua, family: mancala. Seeobridjie.

aghadaghada, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,180.

aghi, family: mancala. Seewari.

agon. Sources: Bell 1979 [4],2:61-63. Bell 1979 [5], 40-41. Botermans 2008, 277-286. Cassell 1896, 382-383. Parlett 1999, 146-147.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,129-136. Walker 2014, 51-64.a.k.a. queen’s guard [the],queen’s guards

agsinnoninka, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,176. a.k.a. chunkajon.

ahl game [the], family: zohnahl. See zohn ahl.

aiyawatstani, family: al-querque. Sources: Culin1907, 792. Murray 1952,67. a.k.a. awithlaknanai, ponchochotl

aj sakalil, family: puluc.Sources: Verbeeck 1998, 90.

aj sayil, family: puluc. Seepuluc.

aj sina’anil, family: puluc.Sources: Verbeeck 1998, 90.

8

aj t’iwil, family: puluc.Sources: Verbeeck 1998 90.

aji, family: mancala. See adi.akidada, family: merels.

Sources: Murray 1952, 48.akidada, family: merels. See

nine holes.akidada, family: merels. See

nine men’s morris.akidada, family: merels. See

six men’s morris.akileyisit, family: mancala.

See mweso.ako okwe, akwa nsa, family:

mancala. Sources: Murray1952, 192. a.k.a. ezu ahiaako okwa, okwe

al-falakiya. See kawakib.al-mamduda, family: chess.

See oblong chess.al-mustatila, family: chess.

See oblong chess.Al-Masudi’s game (un-

named), family: chess.Sources: Parlett 1999, 313.

alea, family: tables. See tab-ula.

alea, family: tables. Sources:Parlett 1999, 72.

alea evangelii, family: hne-fatafl. See Saxon Hnefatafl.

Alfonso’s game (un-named), family: chess.Sources: Parlett 1999, 313.

alkarhat, family: dara.Sources: Murray 1952, 49.Parlett 1999, 124.

alquerque, alquerque dedoze, family: alquerque.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:47-48. Bell 1979 [5], 146-147. Bell 1980, 33-34. Bell1988, 35. Bell & Cor-nelius 1988, 41. Botermanset al 1989, 114. Boter-mans 2008, 199-210. Fiske1905, 98. Grunfeld 1975,38-40. Murray 1952, 65-67.Parlett 1999, 121-123, 243-

247. Pritchard 2007, 10.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,61-66. Schadler 2000, 112.Sheppard & Wilkinson 2000,35. van der Stoep 2002,111-113. a.k.a. bara-guti,damma, marella, marelle,marelli, marro, mereles [jeude], riga, zamma

alquerque de nueve, family:merels. See nine men’s mor-ris.

alquerque de tres, family:merels. See three men’s mor-ris.

ane-nayi ata, family: leop-ard game. Sources: Vasan-tha 2003, 28.

Anglo-American draughts,family: draughts. Seedraughts.

Annamese chess, family:chess. See Cambodian chess.

ansah pyit-thi, family:pachisi. See pasit.

apit-sodok, family: latrun-culi. See mak-yek.

Arabian bao, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,207-208. a.k.a. bao kiarabu,kiarabu

arb‘ata ‘ashara, family:mancala. Sources: Murray1952, 206.

aringari, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 180-181.

arneb [el], family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 180.a.k.a. hare [the]

asalto, family: fox & geese.Sources: Bell 1979 [4],2:46-47. Bell 1979 [5], 52-54. Bell 1988, 25, 92-93. Botermans 2008, 235-250. Grunfeld 1975, 94-95.Love 1979, 28-29. Murray1952, 104-105. Parlett 1999,186, 190-192. Provenzo &

Provenzo 1990, 174-178.Walker 2014, 189-206. a.k.a.assaut, belagerungs-spiel,belagringsspel, beleiringsspil,belejringspel, dogs & bears,fastningsspel, festungsspiel,officers & men, officers &sepoys, Transvaal.

ashta-kashte, family: ash-tapada. Sources: Falkener1892, 265-266. Murray 1913,33-37. Murray 1952, 131.Parlett 1999, 56.

ashtapada, family: ashta-pada. Sources: Botermans etal 1989, 33. Murray 1952, 35,129-130.

asi keliya, family: pachisi.Sources: Botermans et al1989, 172-173. Murray 1952,137-138. Parker 1909, 614-617. a.k.a. sonaru

assaut, family: fox & geese.See asalto.

at-tamma, family: chess. Seedecimal chess.

at-tawila, family: chess. Seeoblong chess.

ath-thalatha, family: merels.See three men’s morris.

athara guti, athara gutialateoria, family: alquerque.See mogol putt’han.

ati, family: merels. See sixmen’s morris.

atlanbaj, family: draughts.See Turkish draughts.

atranj, family: chess.Sources: Murray 1913, 347.a.k.a. qatranj.

aucai, aukay. Sources: De-paulis 1998, 29-31. a.k.a.awkai.

aw-li on-nam ot-tjin, fam-ily: mancala. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 175. a.k.a. ot-jin

awadu, family: tablan. Seeawangdu.

awangdu, family: tablan.

9

Sources: Murray 1952, 97.a.k.a. awadu.

aware, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 182.a.k.a. dagboprou, oura, wolo,wora.

awari, family: mancala.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:121-123. Murray 1952, 202-203.

awele, family: mancala. Seewari.

awithlaknakwe. Sources:Culin 1896, 877-879. Culin1907, 799-800. Murray 1952,64. Parlett 1999, 239-240.

awithlaknan mosona, aw-ithlaknannai, family: al-querque. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 1:49-50. Bell 1979 [5], 38-39. Botermans et al 1989,116-117. Culin 1907, 801.Grunfeld 1975, 41. Mur-ray 1952, 71. Parlett 1999,245, 247. Pritchard 2007, 11.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,74-79. a.k.a. fighting ser-pents, kolowis awithlaknan-nai.

awithlaknanai, family: al-querque. See aiyawatstani.

awithlaknannai, family:merels. See nine men’s mor-ris.

awkai. See aukay.ayo, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 182.ayo, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 185.ayo, ayoayo, family: man-

cala. See wari.ayoayo, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 182-183. Parlett 1999, 212. a.k.a.shayo.

azigo, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 188-189.

azigo, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 189.

að elta stelpur, family: ta-bles. Sources: Bell 1979 [4],1:37-38. Bell 1979 [5], 86-87.Bell 1980, 11-12. Bell & Cor-nelius 1988, 57-58. Murray1952, 121. Parlett 1999, 80-81. a.k.a. ad elta stelpur,chasing the girls, chase thegirls.

ba-awa, family: mancala.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:72-73.

Babylonian draughts, fam-ily: draughts. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 81.

backgammon, family: ta-bles. Sources: Anon 1989,202-216. Bell 1979 [4], 1:42-46. Bell 1979 [5], 88-91. Bell1980, 10-11. Bell 1988, 18-19. Botermans et al 1989,166-171. Botermans 2008,7-18. Cassell 1896, 383-386. Falkener 1892, 252-253.Fiske 1905, 175. Grunfeld1975, 150-155. Murray 1952,122. Parlett 1999, 59-60, 83,84-86. Pritchard 1982, 15-25. Pritchard 2007, 22-27.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,219-231. Strutt 1903, 248.a.k.a. gammon, tablas reales,tavole reale.

bagh bandi, family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 110.

bagh chal, family: tigergame. Sources: Lim & Niev-ergelt 2004, 131-133. Murray1952, 112. Parlett 1999, 194.a.k.a. bhagchakar, bhagchal,chahrachel.

bagh guti, family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 110. Parlett 1999, 194.

bagh-bukri, family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 111.

bahendagabo, family: man-

cala. See mweiso.bajangkaq, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 175.a.k.a. kaloleh.

bakkis, family: pachisi. Seepachisi.

Baltic four-hand chess,family: chess. Sources: Par-lett 1999, 328.

bangale, family: alquerque.See mogol putt’han.

banya, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 224.

bao, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 603.Murray 1952, 201.

bao, family: mancala. See baokiswahili.

bao kiarabu, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,208. Bell & Cornelius 1988,31-32. a.k.a. kiarabu.

bao kiarabu, family: man-cala. See Arabian bao.

bao kiswahili, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,220-223. de Voogt 1999, 114.a.k.a. bao, bau, katra be.

baqura, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 166.

bara-guti pait pait, family:merels. See nine men’s mor-ris.

baraguti, family: alquerque.See alquerque.

barail, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 122.Parlett 1999, 79. a.k.a. des-baraill, sbaraglio.

barail, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 122.a.k.a. sharaione.

barail, family: tables. Seebaralie.

baralie, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 123.Parlett 1999, 79. Strutt1903, 249. a.k.a. barail,sbaraglino

10

bare, family: mancala.Sources: Bell 1980, 67-68.Bell 1988, 60-61.

bargese, family: pachisi.Sources: Finkel 2002, 67.

barjis, family: pachisi.Sources: Murray 1952, 136.a.k.a. parchis.

barjiss, family: pachisi.Sources: Finkel 2002, 66-67.

bashne, bashnya, family:lasca. Sources: Botermans2008, 569-584. Parlett 1999,270.

bathelas, family: tables. Seebethelas.

bau, family: mancala. See baokiswahili.

baz, family: alquerque. Seemogol putt’han.

bazi qamdish, family:tablan. See tab.

beatta, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 168.

belagerungsspiel, family:fox & geese. See asalto.

belagringsspel, family: fox& geese. See asalto.

beleiringsspil, family: fox &geese. See asalto.

belejringspel, family: fox &geese. See asalto.

Belgian checkers, family:draughts. See losing game[the].

bethelas, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 129.a.k.a. bathelas.

bhagchakar, family: tigergame. See bagh chal.

bhagchal, family: tiger game.See bagh chal.

bidaria, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

bidaria, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

bizingo. Sources: Bell 1979[5], 104-105.

blind chess, family: chess.See kriegspiel.

bonzo, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 201.

boolik, family: puluc. See pu-luc.

bosh, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 196.

bottle game [the]. See coanki.

bottoms up!. See Connect 4.boughe-shodra, family:

tiger game. Sources: Murray1952, 111.

bowl [game of the]. See han.bradspel, family: tables.

Sources: Parlett 1999, 78-79.brandub, brandubh, family:

hnefatafl. Sources: Murray1952, 35. Parlett 1999, 200.Walker 2013, 35-45.

b’rsis, family: pachisi. Seepachisi.

buanfach. Sources: Murray1952, 35.

bub, family: latrunculi. Seeseega.

Buddhist promotion game,family: promotion game. Seetjyong-kyeng-to.

buf, family: tables. See puff.buf regal, family: tables.

Sources: Murray 1952, 129.buff de baldriac, family: ta-

bles. Sources: Murray 1952,128. Parlett 1999, 82.

buffa, buffa cortese, family:tables. See puff.

bul, family: puluc. See puluc.Burmese chess, family:

chess. See sittuyin.Byzantine chess, family:

chess. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 1:61-62. Forbes 1860,137. Murray 1913, 342-343.Parlett 1999, 317-320. a.k.a.circular chess, shatranji mu-dauwira.

cab e equinal, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 123.Parlett 1999, 79.

camarzo, family: tables. Seecanis martius.

Cambodian chess, family:chess. Sources: Murray1913, 117-118. Parlett 1999,295. a.k.a. Annamese chess.

Canadian draughts, family:draughts. Sources: Murray1952, 81. a.k.a. dames cana-dien [le jeu de]

cane arrows, family: zohnahl. See sho’liwe.

canis martius, family: ta-bles. Sources: Murray 1952,129. a.k.a. camarzo.

captain’s mistress [the].See Connect 4.

carabawg, family: merels.See three men’s morris.

carre chinois, family: merels.See three men’s morris.

caseheapana, family: zohnahl. Sources: Culin 1907,195. Murray 1952, 153.

cashlan gherra, family:merels. See three men’s mor-ris.

castro, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

castro, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

catch-dolt, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 120-121. Parlett 1999, 76. Strutt1903, 248. a.k.a. ketch-dolt.

catch the hare, family: tigergame. See cercar la liebre.

ccullu chuncana. See chun-cani.

cennchaem. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 35.

cercar la liebre, family: tigergame. Sources: Botermanset al 1989, 146-147. Culin1907, 794, 798f. Murray1952, 99. Parlett 1999, 187.

11

a.k.a. catch the hare, coyote& chickens, k’uang, pon cho-chotl.

chahrachel, family: tigergames. See bagh chal.

changgi, family: chess.Sources: Culin 1895b, 82-90.Culin 1896, 866-867. Mur-ray 1913, 134-137. Parlett1999, 290-291. a.k.a. Koreanchess, tjyang keui.

chanka, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 600.

chaquete, family: tables. Seejacquet.

char pur, family: merels. Seenine holes.

chase the girls, chasing thegirls, family: tables. See aðelta stelpur.

chato, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 174.a.k.a. chuka, jungka.

chator, family: chess. Seemain chator.

chatrang, family: chess.Sources: Parlett 1999, 296.a.k.a. Iranian chess, Persianchess.

chaturaji, family: chess.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:51-57. Bell 1980, 21-24. Bell1988, 27-29. Bell & Cor-nelius 1988, 39-41. Culin1896, 857-858. Falkener1892, 120-142. Forbes 1860,11-45. Murray 1913, 68-77.Parlett 1999, 325-326. a.k.a.chaturanga, shaturanga.

chaturanga, family: chess.Sources: Murray 1913, 51-67. Parlett 1999, 286-288.

chaturanga, family: chess.See chaturaji.

chatush-pada, family:pachisi. See chaupur.

chaupad, family: pachisi. Seechausar.

chaupar, family: pachisi. Seechausar.

chaupur, family: pachisi.Sources: Murray 1952, 133-134. a.k.a. chatush-pada.

chauput, family: pachisi.Sources: Falkener 1892, 263-264. Murray 1952, 135.

chausar, family: pachisi.Sources: Culin 1896, 855-856. Falkener 1892, 264.Grunfeld 1975, 29-31. Mur-ray 1952, 134. Parlett 1999,46-47. Shurreef & Herklots1832, appx. lii. a.k.a. chau-pad, chaupar, pasa.

checkers, family: draughts.See draughts.

chela, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 201.

chenne-mane ata, family:mancala. Sources: Vasantha2003, 31. a.k.a. achchanagundlu, omana guntalu, va-mana guntalu.

cherrapunji, family: man-cala. See mawkarkatiya.

chess, family: chess. Sources:Anon 1989, 166-196. Bell1979 [5], 18-21. Bell 1988,29-31. Botermans et al 1989,126-131. Cassell 1896, 355-372. Culin 1896, 860-861,862-863. Grunfeld 1975, 63-69. Parlett 1999, 276-286,299-307. Pritchard 1982, 38-48. Pritchard 2007, 42-51.Strutt 1903, 250-253. a.k.a.European chess.

chess, family: chess. See sha-tranj.

chiana wa bwalo, family:mancala. Sources: Murray1952, 224.

chiana wa kunja, family:mancala. Sources: Murray1952, 224.

chikkiri, family: merels. Seenine holes.

Chinamen’s game [the],family: pachisi. See Chine-senspiel.

Chinese checkers, family:halma. Sources: Bell 1979[5], 154-155. Bell 1988, 48-49. Botermans 2008, 475-484. Grunfeld 1975, 88-89.Parlett 1999, 135-136. 100-108. Pritchard 2007, 167.a.k.a. star halma, stern-halma, tiau-qi.

Chinese chess, family: chess.See xiangqi.

Chinese rebel game, family:tiger game. See twenty-sixrebels, yeung luk sz’kon tse-ung kwan.

Chinesenspiel, family:pachisi. Sources: Grunfeld1975, 32-33. Parlett 1999,49-50. a.k.a. Chinamen’sgame [the].

chingskoot, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Culin 1906, 146,150-151. Murray 1952, 155-156. a.k.a. kinsgoot, kintskut.

chisolo, family: mancala.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:123-124. Murray 1952, 210[8.2.7]. a.k.a. natatu.

chisolo, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 210[8.2.8].

chisolo, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 213.

chisolo, family: mancala. Seenambidi.

chit-thareen, family: chess.See sittuyin.

Chivalry, family: halma.Sources: Love 1979, 25.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,137-146.

choko, family: yote. Sources:Murray 1952, 83. Parker1909, 604. Parlett 1999, 246-247. a.k.a. helga.

12

chongak, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 600.

chonka, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 175.

chonka, family: mancala. Seechonku.

choo-hong-ki, family: chess.See xiangqi.

chonku, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 173.Parker 1909, 599-600. a.k.a.chonka, pallankuli

choro, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 216-217. a.k.a. coro.

choro, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 219-220.

chu-shogi, family: chess.Sources: Parlett 1999, 293,294.

chuba, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 605-607. Murray 1952, 212.Whitehill 1999, 116.

chuk sam, family: merels.See sam k’i.

chuka, family: mancala. Seechato.

chuke. See chuki.chuki. Sources: Bell 1979 [4],

2:52-53. Culin 1896, 872-873. Murray 1952, 94. a.k.a.chuke, tjoeki, xuki.

chuncajon, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 600-601. Murray 1952, 176.

chuncani, chuncara,chuncayuna, chungani.Sources: Depaulis 1998, 31.a.k.a. ccullu chuncana.

chunkajon, family: mancala.See agsinnoninka.

chwe pyit-thi, family:pachisi. See pasit.

circular chess, family: chess.See Byzantine chess.

citadel chess, family: chess.Sources: Forbes 1860, 137.

Murray 1913, 343-344. a.k.a.shatranj al-husun

coan ki. Sources: Botermanset al 1989, 164. Botermans2008, 677-688. Bell 1979 [4],2:12-14. Culin 1889, 14-15.Culin 1895a, 498-499. Mur-ray 1952, 144. a.k.a. bottlegame [the], tsun k’i.

cocimbert, family: draughts.See losing draughts.

coiled snake, family: mehen.See mehen.

comican, family: chess.Sources: Murray 1952, 97.

comican, comina, family:tiger game. See komina.

complete chess, family:chess. Sources: Forbes 1860,155-161.

Conchobair. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 35.

congklak, conglak, family:mancala. Sources: Bell 1988,58. Bell & Cornelius 1988,22-25.

Connect 4. Sources: Bell1988, 47. Parlett 1999, 113-114. Pritchard 2007, 169.Sheppard & Wilkinson 2000,11. a.k.a. bottoms up!,captain’s mistress [the], fourballs.

conspirators [the]. Sources:Bell 1979 [5], 128-129. Bell1980, 53-55. Sheppard &Wilkinson 2000, 33. a.k.a.spies.

continental draughts, fam-ily: draughts. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 1:75. Bell 1980,36-37. Bell 1988, 39. Bell1988, 80-81. Botermans et al1989, 134. Botermans 2008,379-392. Falkener 1892, 236.Murray 1952, 80-81 Parlett1999, 261. Pritchard 2007,32-33. Provenzo & Provenzo1990, 203-207. Strutt 1903,

255. a.k.a. dam blas, dames[le jeu de], Polish checkers,Polish draughts.

contrabuf, family: tables.See gegenpuff.

contrare puff, family: tables.See gegenpuff.

coro, family: mancala. Seechoro.

courier chess, family: chess.See courier game [the].

courier game [the], family:chess. Sources: Bell 1979 [4],1:62-65. Murray 1913, 483-485. Parlett 1999, 314-315.a.k.a. courier chess.

cows & leopards, family:tiger game. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 1:81. Bell 1979 [5],62-63. Bell 1988, 26. Bell1988, 91. Bell & Cornelius1988, 47. Parlett 1999,195.Sheppard & Wilkinson 2000,38. a.k.a. leopards & cows.

coyote, family: tiger game.Sources: Culin 1896, 876.Murray 1952, 99. Parlett1999, 187. a.k.a. coyote &chickens.

coyote & chickens, family:tiger game. See cercar laliebre.

coyote & chickens, family:tiger game. See coyote.

crazy game [the], family:mancala. See li‘b majnuni.

cumi, cumisina, family: tigergame. See komina.

cuwee, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Murray 1952, 151.

da ma. Sources: Cribb 2007,116-124.

dablot prejjesne, family: al-querque. Sources: Bell 1979[5], 152-153. Bell 1980,45. Botermans 2008, 655-666. Parlett 1999, 247-248.

dagboprou, family: mancala.See aware.

13

dagh, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 183.

dagh, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 185.

dai-shogi, family: chess.Sources: Parlett 1999, 293,294.

dajam, family: pachisi.Sources: Murray 1952, 137.

dakon, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 175.

dakon, family: mancala.Sources: Donkers 2000, 79-88.

dala, family: dara. Sources:Murray 1952, 49. Parlett1999, 124. a.k.a. dali.

daldøs, daldøsa, family:tablan. Sources: Depaulis2001, 77-82. Michaelsen2001, 19-32. Næsheim 2001,9-14. stergard & Gaston2001, 15-18.

dali, family: dara. See dala.dalwbrdd, family: hnefatafl.

See tawlbwrdd.dam, family: draughts.

Sources: Parlett 1999, 262.a.k.a. dama, damki, warcaby.

dam, family: draughts.Sources: Murray 1952, 81.

dam, family: alquerque. Seemogol putt’han.

dam, family: draughts.Parker 1909, 584-585.

dam blas, family: draughts.See continental draughts.

dam-daman, family: al-querque. See ratti-chitti-bakri.

dam hariman, family: tigergame. See mogol putt’han.

dam pusri, family: al-querque. Sources: Murray1952, 67. a.k.a. sipchi kat.

dama, family: draughts. Seedam.

dama, family: draughts. SeeItalian draughts.

dama, family: draughts. Seeshashki.

dama, family: draughts. SeeTurkish draughts.

damas, family: draughts. SeeSpanish draughts.

dame, family: draughts. Seeshashki.

dame a la babilonienne,family: draughts. SeeFrisian draughts.

dames [le jeu de], family:draughts. See continentaldraughts.

dames avalees, family: ta-bles. See rabattuees.

dames canadien [le jeu de],family: draughts. See Cana-dian draughts.

dames rabattuees, family:tables. See rabattuees.

damki, family: draughts. Seedam.

damki, family: draughts. Seeshashki.

damma, family: alquerque.See alquerque.

dammen-spiel, family:draughts. See Germandraughts.

dams, family: draughts. Seedraughts.

dandaman, family: al-querque. See ratti-chitti-bakri.

dandimannstafl, danu-mannstafl, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 129.

danm-la-tete, family: al-querque. de Voogt 2009, 34-35.

dara, family: dara. Sources:Bell 1979 [4], 1:95-96. Bell1988, 46. Bell & Cornelius1988, 10. Botermans 2008,67. Murray 1952, 48-49.Parlett 1999, 123. Provenzo& Provenzo 1990, 158-159.a.k.a. shiva.

dara-dara, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 176.

daramutu, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 173.Parker 1909, 599. a.k.a.ellaewala-kanda.

darra, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 187[7.5.42].

darra, family: mancala. Seederra.

dasapada, family: ashtapada.Sources: Murray 1952, 35.

dash-guti, family: alquerque.Sources: Murray 1952, 70.a.k.a. kowwu dunki.

decimal chess, family: chess.Sources: Murray 1913, 341-342, 346-347. a.k.a. at-tamma

deleb, family: tablan.Sources: Murray 1952, 96.

demala diviyan keliya, fam-ily: leopard game. Seerafaya.

derra, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 187.a.k.a. darra.

desbaraill, family: tables.See barail.

dhola, family: pachisi.Sources: Culin 1896, 856.Murray 1952, 136.

diagonal draughts, family:draughts. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 1:73. Bell 1979 [5], 28.Bell 1988, 39. Botermans2008, 162. Murray 1952, 82.Parlett 1999, 271. Provenzo& Provenzo 1990, 202-203.

diagrammismos. See gram-mai.

Diana, family: chess.Sources: Parlett 1999, 317.

dickedack, family: tables.See petit trictrac.

dignitaries [game of], fam-ily: promotion game. Seetjyong-kyeng-to.

14

dili, family: dara. Sources:Murray 1952, 49. Parlett1999, 124. a.k.a. dra kyotiwali.

diviyalliya, family: tigergame. See diviyan keliya.

diviyan keliya, family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 110. Parker 1909,581-583. a.k.a. diviyalliya,kotiyo saha harak, leopards &cattle, leopards’ game, leop-ards’ square.

do-chu-sugoroku, family:ashtapada. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 132.

do-guti, family: horseshoe.See pong hau k’i.

doblet, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 120.Parlett 1999, 75.

dogs & bears, family: fox &geese. See asalto.

dogs & jackals. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 1:20-22. Bell 1979[5], 44-45. Botermans et al1989, 19-21. Dunn-Vaturi2000, 107-111. Hoerth 2007,64-68. Murray 1952, 15-16,21-23. Parlett 1999, 68-70.a.k.a. fifty-eight holes [thegame of], hounds & jackals,palm tree game [the], palms,shields.

dong wo, family: mancala.Sources: Eagle 1998, 62-64.

dongjintian, family: man-cala. Sources: Parlett 1999,221-222.

doppel-muhle, family:merels. See nine men’s mor-ris.

dou shou qi. See jungle game[the].

double backgammon, fam-ily: tables. See gegenpuff.

double fox & geese, family:fox & geese. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 104.

doublets, family: tables.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:17.Bell 1979 [5], 91. Murray1952, 121. Parlett 1999, 75-76. Strutt 1903, 248. a.k.a.queen’s game [the], renette

doze canes [los], family: ta-bles. Sources: Murray 1952,120. Parlett 1999, 75. a.k.a.doze hermanos [los].

doze hermanos [los], family:tables. See doze canes [los].

dra kyoti wali, family: dara.See dili.

draughts, family: draughts.Sources: Anon 1989, 197-201. Bell 1979 [4], 1:71-72.Bell 1979 [5], 26-27. Bell1980, 35-36. Bell 1988, 37-38. Botermans et al 1989,132-133. Botermans 2008,153-162. Cassell 1896, 373-381. Falkener 1892, 235.Fiske 1905, 92-97. Grunfeld1975, 85-87. Love 1979, 40.Murray 1952, 72-78. Par-lett 1999, 250-258. Pritchard1982, 53-59. Pritchard 2007,30-34. Provenzo & Provenzo1990, 195-200. Strutt 1903,255. a.k.a. Anglo-Americandraughts, checkers, dams,English draughts, force [lejeu], wakanpamugthae.

Draughts for Three, family:draughts. Sources: Provenzo& Provenzo 1990, 208-213.

driesticken, family: merels.Sources: Murray 1952, 39.

driesticken, family: merels.See nine holes.

dris, dris at-tan ‘ashari,dris attis‘ a, family: merels.See nine men’s morris.

dris, family: merels. See threemen’s morris.

dris aththalatha, family:merels. See nine holes.

dubbel-qvarn, family:

merels. See nine men’s mor-ris.

dugh, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

duodecim scripta. Sources:Bell 1979 [4], 1:30-34. Bell1979 [5], 84-85. Bell 1980, 8.Bell 1988, 17-18. Botermanset al 1989, 27-28. Botermans2008, 287-298. Fiske 1905,174. Forbes 1860, appendixxxxii-xxxiii. Murray 1952,30-31. Parlett 1999, 70-72.a.k.a. ludus duodecim scrip-torum.

duqurjin, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

Dutch backgammon, fam-ily: tables. Sources: Parlett1999, 81-2. Pritchard 2007,27.

eckha, family: halma. Seehalma.

edris a jin. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 2:2-3. Culin 1896,857. Murray 1952, 138.a.k.a. genii’s game [the]

egara guti, family: al-querque. Sources: Murray1952, 71. Parlett 1999, 245.

ekwe, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 192.

ellaewala-kanda, family:mancala. See daramutu.

emperador, family: tables.See ludus anglicorum.

en dodoi, endodoi, family:mancala. Sources: Murray1952, 199. Parlett 1999, 211-212. a.k.a. en geishei.

en geishei, family: mancala.See en dodoi.

English draughts, family:draughts. See draughts.

English game [the], family:tables. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 2:15.

English wari, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,

15

202.epelle, family: merels. See

tant fant.erherhe, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, a.k.a.kale.

escaques [los]. See kawakib.eureika, family: tables.

Sources: Parlett 1999, 75.European chess, family:

chess. See chess.exchange kono, family:

halma. See five field kono.ezu ahia ako okwa, family:

mancala. See ako okwe.faille, family: tables. See fal-

las.fails, family: tables. See fal-

las.fallas, family: tables.

Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:41.Murray 1952, 123. Parlett1999, 84. a.k.a. faille, fails,fayles, minoret.

fang. Sources: Shimizu &Miyahara 2002, 31-37.

fanorona, family: alquerque.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:25-26. Bell 1979 [5], 150-151. Bell 1980, 34-35. Bell1988, 36. Botermans et al1989, 114. Murray 1952,87-89. Parlett 1999, 248-249. Pritchard 1982, 60-65. Pritchard 2007, 36-37.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,67-74. Schadd 2008, 3-6.

fanorona telo, family:merels. See three men’s mor-ris.

farmers’ chess, family:chess. See gala.

fastningsspel, family: fox &geese. See asalto.

fayles, family: tables. See fal-las.

felli, family: alquerque.Sources: Parlett 1999, 246.

festungsspiel, family: fox &geese. See asalto.

fetach, family: alquerque.Sources: Parlett 1999, 246.a.k.a. quirach.

ficheall. See fithcheall.fidchell. See fithcheall.fifanga, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 224-225.

fifty-eight holes [the gameof]. See dogs & jackals.

fighting serpents, family: al-querque. See awithlaknan-nai.

filetto, filo, family: merels.See three men’s morris.

filetto, filo, filomulino, fam-ily: merels. See nine men’smorris.

Finnish draughts, family:draughts. Sources: Parlett1999, 262-263.

fipenny merills, family:merels. See five men’s mor-ris.

fithcheall. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 2:45-46. Forbes 1860,appendix xliii-xlvi. Murray1952, 34. Parlett 1999, 203.a.k.a. ficheall, fidchell.

five field kono, family:halma. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 1:98. Bell 1988, 48.Culin 1895b, 102. Parlett1999, 133. Sheppard &Wilkinson 2000, 13. a.k.a.exchange kono, o-pat-ko-no.

five game [the]. See panchakeliya.

five men’s morris, family:merels. Sources: Botermanset al 1989, 104. Murray1952, 42-43. Parlett 1999,117-118. Zaslavsky 2003,17. a.k.a. fipenny merills,fivepenny merills, fivepennymorris, smerelli.

fivepenny merills,

fivepenny morris, fam-ily: merels. See five men’smorris.

force [le jeu], family:draughts. See draughts.

forkoering, family: tables.See verquere.

fortress chess, family: chess.Sources: Parlett 1999, 327.

four balls. See Connect 4.four field kono. Sources:

Bell 1979 [4], 2:42. Bell1980, 31. Culin 1895b, 101.Loader & Loader 1993, 39-41. Sheppard & Wilkinson2000, 30. a.k.a. nei-pat-ko-no.

four-handed chess, family:chess. Sources: Bell 1988,31-32. Parlett 1999, 328.

four seasons chess, family:chess. Sources: Murray1913, 348-349. Parlett 1999,326-327.

fox & geese, family: fox &geese. Sources: Bell 1979 [4],1:76-77. Bell 1979 [5], 50-51.Bell 1980, 40-41. Bell 1988,25. Bell & Cornelius 1988,45-47. Botermans et al 1989,151-152. Cassell 1896, 392-394. Culin 1876, 876-877.Fiske 1905, 146-156. Mur-ray 1952, 101-104. Gomme1894, 141-142. Gomme 1898,298. Grunfeld 1975, 92-93.Parlett 1999, 185-186, 187-189. Pritchard 2007, 161.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,167-173. Strutt 1903, 258-259. Sheppard & Wilkinson2000, 16. a.k.a. Freystafl,fuchs im huhnerhof, fuchsund ganse, fuchs und huhner,hala-tafl, halatafl, lupo epecore, manu, marelle quin-tuple, marelles, moo, musi-naykahwhanmetowaywin,rafspel, ref-skak, renard et

16

les poules, schaap en wolf,tods & lambs, volki ovtsy

fox & geese, family: perugiangame. Sources: Bell & Cor-nelius 1988, 46. Cassell 1896,392-394. Murray 1952, 106.Parker 1909, 585. Parlett1999, 190. Pritchard 2007,161. a.k.a. koti keliya, var-gen och faren.

French backgammon, fam-ily: tables. See gegenpuff.

French wari, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,202.

Freystafl, family: fox &geese. See fox & geese.

Frisian draughts, family:draughts. Sources: Parlett1999, 263. a.k.a. dame a lababilonienne.

fuchs im huhnerhof, family:fox & geese. See fox & geese.

fuchs und ganse, family: fox& geese. See fox & geese.

fuchs und huhner, family:fox & geese. See fox & geese.

gaasespil, family: mehen.See goose [the game of].

gabata, family: mancala.Sources: Bell 1980, 65-66.Bell & Cornelius 1988, 30.Culin 1894, 601. Murray1952, 204. Parlett 1999, 219-220. Pritchard 2007, 20-21.

gabata, gabatta, family:mancala. See guvoota.

gala, family: chess. Sources:Bell 1979 [5], 22-23. Bell1980, 29-31. Botermans etal 1989, 124-125. Parlett1999, 315-316. a.k.a. farm-ers’ chess.

gala. Sources: Murray 1952,55. Parlett 1999, 239.

galatjan, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 175.

gamma, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 180.

a.k.a. nyuwunu bo ana ya,nyuwunu bouh ana yai.

gammon, family: tables. Seebackgammon.

gansespiel, family: mehen.See goose [the game of].

ganzenspel, family: mehen.See goose [the game of].

garanguet, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 124.Parlett 1999, 83.

gavalata, family: ashtapada.Sources: Culin 1896, 851f.Murray 1952, 131-132. Par-lett 1999, 56.

gegenpuf, gegenpuff, fam-ily: tables. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 128. Parlett1999, 81-82. a.k.a. con-trabuf, contrare puff, dou-ble backgammon, Frenchbackgammon.

genii’s game [the]. See edrisa jin.

German backgammon,family: tables. See langepuff.

German draughts, family:draughts. Sources: Parlett1999, 262. a.k.a. dammen-spiel.

German tactics, family: fox& geese. Sources: Bell 1988,42-43. Bell & Cornelius1988, 48-49.

giacchetto, family: tables.See jacquet.

gifia, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 192-193.

gioul, family: tables. Sources:Parlett 1999, 83. Pritchard2007, 27.

giuthi, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 197-198. a.k.a. kiuthi.

go, family: go. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 1:99-111, ii. 59-61. Bell 1979 [5], 124-126.

Bell 1980, 55-61. Bell 1988,50-51, 98-101. Botermans etal 1989, 140-142. Botermans2008, 299-334. Culin 1895b,91-100. Culin 1896, 868-872,873-874. Falkener 1892, 241-250. Grunfeld 1975, 42-51.Murray 1952, 89-92. Par-lett 1999, 167-178. Pritchard1982, 73-82. Pritchard 2007,66-71. a.k.a. i-go, patok,wei-ch’i, wei-qi.

go bang, family: go moku.Sources: Cassell 1896, 395.

go-bang, family: go moku.Sources: Botermans et al1989, 108. Grunfeld 1975,52. Murray 1952, 50. a.k.a.gomok-narabe.

go bang, family: go moku.See go moku.

go moku, family: go moku.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:96.Bell 1988, 46. Botermanset al 1989, 108. Cassell1896, 394. Murray 1952,50. Pritchard 2007, 72.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,147-152. a.k.a. go bang, spoilfive

gol-skuish, family: al-querque. Sources: Murray1952, 71.

gold rush. Sources: Bell 1979[5], 72-73.

gomok-narabe, family: gomoku. See go-bang.

goose [the game of], fam-ily: mehen. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 1:14-16. Bell 1979[5], 140-141. Bell 1988, 11-13, 74-75. Botermans 2008,141-152. Cassell 1896, 395-396. Culin 1896, 841-842.Love 1978, 18-19. Murray1952, 142-143. Parlett 1999,95-98. Provenzo & Provenzo1990, 19-27. Seville 2009,3-6. Strutt 1903, 265.

17

a.k.a. gaasespil, gansespiel,ganzenspel, oca [giuoco dell’],oca [juego de la], oie [jeu del’], royal game of goose [the]

gospel game [the], family:hnefatafl. See Saxon hne-fatafl.

Graeco-Turkish draughts,family: draughts. See Turk-ish draughts.

grammai, family: (un-known). Sources: Murray1952, 27-28. Parlett 1999,70. a.k.a. diagrammismos.

grand trictrac, grandtrick-track, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 125.Strutt 1903, 249.

grand trictrac, family: ta-bles. Sources: Murray 1952,126. a.k.a. retour [jeu de].

grande acedrex, family:chess. Sources: Parlett 1999,313.

grande acedrex, family:chess. Sources: Murray1913, 348. a.k.a. great chess.

grasshopper, family: halma.Sources: Murray 1952, 52.Pritchard 2007, 167.

great chess, family: chess.See grande acedrex.

great chess, family: chess.See shatranj kabir.

great chess, family: chess.See Tamerlane’s chess.

guebeta, family: mancala.See guvoota.

guehe, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 199.

guvoota, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 195-195. a.k.a. gabata, gabatta,guebeta.

gwyddbwyll. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 34. Parlett 1999,202-203.

hala-tafl, halatafl, family:fox & geese. See fox & geese.

halancola, halankola.Sources: Depaulis 1998, 31-32. a.k.a. hilancula, hun-cosina, hunkuna, jalankola,juncuna.

halma, family: halma.Sources: Anon 1989, 244-245. Bell 1979 [4], 1:98-99.Bell 1979 [5], 30-31. Bell1980, 52-53. Bell 1988, 48,112-113. Botermans et al1989, 110-111. Love 1978,81. Loader & Loader 1993,139-141. Murray 1952, 51-52. Parlett 1999, 133-134.Pritchard 2007, 166-167.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,91-99. Walker 2014, 35-50.Whitehill 1999, 125. a.k.a.eckha.

halusa, halusi, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,166.

han. Sources: Murray 1952,13. Falkener 1892, 83-90,359-360. a.k.a. bowl [gameof the].

hare [the], family: mancala.See arneb [el].

hasami shogi, family: gomoku. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 1:97. Bell 1988,47. Botermans 2008, 513-522. Parlett 1999, 125-126. Pritchard 2007, 65.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,153-157. Sheppard &Wilkinson 2000, 27.

hasami shogi, family: latrun-culi. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 1:97-98. Bell 1988,41. Botermans 2008, 523-526. Murray 1913, 147.Murray 1952, 54. Parlett1999, 239. Pritchard 2007,65. Sheppard & Wilkinson2000, 28.

hat diviyan keliya, fam-ily: leopard game. Sources:

Botermans et al 1989,153. Murray 1952, 106-107.Parker 1909, 580-581. Par-lett 1999, 195. Zaslavsky2003, 29-30. a.k.a. sevenleopards [the].

hawalis, family: mancala.Sources: de Voogt 2003, 95-98. de Voogt 2009, 33.

helga, family: yote. Seechoko.

hewakam-keliya, family: al-querque. See mogol putt’han.

high jump, family: al-querque. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 1:84. Bell 1979 [5], 81.Bell 1988, 24. Botermans etal 1989, 122. Murray 1952,66. Parker 1909, 604-605.Parlett 1999, 246. a.k.a. ko-ruboddo, lorkabod, natt klabash-shawk, siga.

hilancula. See halancola.hnefatafl, family: hnefatafl.

Sources: Astrop 1980, 10.Botermans et al 1989, 119-120. Botermans 2008, 493-496. Loader & Loader1993, 147-149. Murray 1913,445. Murray 1952, 55-64.Parlett 1999, 186, 196-204.Pritchard 2007, 16-17. Rid-dler 2007, 256-262. Walker2013. a.k.a. tafl, tæfl.

hounds & jackals. See dogs& jackals.

huairu. See pisca.hue-ta-quee-che-ka, family:

zohn ahl. Sources: Murray1952, 152.

hujura, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

huli-kavilemane ata, family:tiger game. Sources: Vasan-tha 2003, 29-30.

huli-kavilemane ata, family:tiger game. Sources: Vasan-tha 2003, 30.

huli-mane ata, family: leop-

18

ard game. Sources: Vasan-tha 2003, 27-29.

huli-meke ata, family: tigergame. Sources: Vasantha2003, 30.

huncosina, hunkuna. Seehalancola.

hurdle. See tsikehi.hus, huts, family: mancala.

Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:76-77. Grunfeld 1975, 24-25.Murray 1952, 209. Parlett1999, 220-221.

hyena, hyena game [the].Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:12-14. Bell 1979 [5], 46-47.Murray 1952, 143-144. Par-lett 1999, 89-91. a.k.a. l’ib elmerafib.

i, family: mancala. Sources:Murray 1952, 183.

i, family: mancala. Sources:Murray 1952, 187.

i-go. See go.i na, family: mancala. See

nah.i pere, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 183.Icelandic backgammon,

family: tables. See kotra.ichwe, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 183.igori, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 183.ikibuguzo, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 217.a.k.a. uruheisho, uruheso

ikisoro, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 224.

imperial, family: tables. Seeludus anglicorum.

Imperial game [the], family:tables. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 2:16 Murray 1952, 123..Parlett 1999, 84. Strutt1903, 249.

inaani, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Culin 1907, 120-121. Murray 1952, 152.

Indian & jackrabbits, fam-ily: tiger game. See ko-app-paw-na.

Indians & trappers, fam-ily: halma. Sources: Parlett1999, 271. a.k.a. smugglers& customs officers.

ingilith, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 224.

International draughts,family: draughts. Sources:Parlett 1999, 264-266.

intotoi, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 200.

intuvigai zuli gairagai, fam-ily: zohn ahl. See quince.

Iranian chess, family: chess.See chatrang.

Irish, family: tables. See to-das tablas.

isafuba, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 603.Murray 1952, 225.

ise-ozin-egbe, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,180. a.k.a. perseverancegame.

Islamic chess, family: chess.See shatranj.

Italian draughts, family:draughts. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 1:73. Murray 1952, 78.Parlett 1999, 261-262. a.k.a.dama.

iyagbe, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 191.

iyogh, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 189-190.

j’erin, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 187.

j’odu, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 181.a.k.a. jodorakase

jacquet, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 126-127. Parlett 1999, 78. a.k.a.chaquete, giacchetto.

jacquet de Versailles, fam-ily: tables. Sources: Murray1952, 127. Parlett 1999, 78.

jalankola. See halancola.Japanese chess, family:

chess. See shogi.jara-badakh, family: merels.

See nine holes.jinx. Sources: Botermans

2008, 425-434.jirig, family: merels. Sources:

Zaslavsky 2003, 21-22.jodorakase, family: mancala.

See j’odu.jumping sugoroku, family:

promotion game. See tobi-sugoroku.

juncuna. See halancola.jungle game [the]. Sources:

Astrop 1980, 5. Bell 1979 [4],1:69-70. Bell 1979 [5], 118-119. Botermans 2008, 265-276. Parlett 1999, 142-144.Pritchard 2007, 163. a.k.a.dou shou qi, Law of the Jun-gle.

jungka, family: mancala. Seechato.

juroku musashi, family:tiger game. Sources: Culin1896, 874. Murray 1952, 101.a.k.a. sixteen soldiers.

juroku musashi, family:tiger game. See yasasukarimusashi.

k‘ab albaidar, family:merels. See nine men’s mor-ris.

k’uang, family: tiger game.See cercar la liebre.

ka-wa-su-suts, family: zohnahl. Sources: Bell & Cor-nelius 1988, 60-61.

kalah, kalaha, family: man-cala. Sources: Bell & Cor-nelius 1988, 29. Provenzo& Provenzo 1990, 109-114.a.k.a. mancala.

19

kale, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 602.Murray 1952, 183.

kale, family: mancala. Seeerherhe.

kale, family: mancala. Seewari.

kaloleh, family: mancala. Seebajangkaq.

kanj guti, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 169.

kaooa. Sources: Bell 1979 [5],61. Bell & Cornelius 1988,48. Murray 1952, 112. a.k.a.vultures & crows.

kara, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 194.

karat, family: alquerque.Sources: Parlett 1999, 246.

kare, karnum, karnunshiva, family: dara.Sources: Murray 1952, 49.Parlett 1999, 123-124.

katra, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 214-215.

katra, family: mancala.Sources: de Voogt 1999, 111-112. a.k.a. tsotra.

katra, family: mancala.Sources: de Voogt 1999, 113-114. a.k.a. paika.

katra be, family: mancala.See bao kiswahili.

katro, family: mancala.Sources: de Voogt 1999, 112-113.

kawada keliya, kawade ke-liya. Sources: Culin 1896,851. Murray 1952, 141.

kawakib. Sources: Murray1913, 343, 349-351. Murray1952, 156-157. Parlett 1999,95. a.k.a. al-falakiya, es-caques [los].

kawasukuts, family: zohnahl. Sources: Culin 1907,122-123. Murray 1952, 152.

kechukawe. Sources: De-paulis 1998, 42-44. a.k.a.quechucague, quechucayu.

kerala, family: (race).Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:3-5. Botermans et al 1989,157-158.

ketch-dolt, family: tables.See catch-dolt.

kezute, family: zohn ahl. Seequince.

kharbga, family: latrunculi.See seega.

khutka bois, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,169.

kiarabu, family: mancala.See Arabian bao.

kiarabu, family: mancala.See bao kiarabu.

kingser, family: tiger game.Sources: Sheppard &Wilkinson 2000, 37.

kinsgoot, family: zohn ahl.See chingskoot.

kints kut, family: zohn ahl.See chingskoot.

kioz, family: tablan. Sources:Murray 1952, 96.

kisolo, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 201.

kit cat kannio, family:merels. See noughts &crosses.

kiusu, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 198.a.k.a. kiuthi.

kiuthi, family: mancala.Sources: Botermans et al1989, 177. Murray 1952, 198[7.6.13].

kleine muhlenspiel, family:merels. See nine holes.

kiuthi, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 198[7.6.11].

kiuthi, family: mancala. Seegiuthi.

kiuthi, family: mancala. Seekiusu.

ko-app-paw-na, family: tigergame. Sources: Culin 1907,798. Murray 1952, 99. Par-lett 1999, 187. a.k.a. Indian& jackrabbits.

ko-ko-nag’n. Sources: Culin1896, 880. Culin 1907, 792.

ko-na-ne, konane, family:solitaire. Sources: Bell 1979[5], 132-133. Bell 1988,42. Ernst 1995, 1, 19-20.Hearn 2009, 297-299. Mur-ray 1952, 97. Parlett 1999,246. Thompson 2005, 2-3.Walker 2014, 127-140.

kolowis awithlaknannai,family: alquerque. See aw-ithlaknannai.

komari, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 206.

komikan, komina, family:tiger game. Sources: De-paulis 1998, 34, 36-38, 44-46. a.k.a. comican, com-ina, cumi, cumisina, len y lasovejas [el], taptana.

kon-tjil, kontjil, family:merels. See sam k’i.

Korean chess, family: chess.See changgi.

koro, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 183-184.

koruboddo, family: al-querque. Sources: Murray1952, 83. a.k.a. lorkabod.

koruboddo, family: al-querque. See high jump.

koti keliya, family: perugiangame. See fox & geese.

koti sellama, family: leopardgame. See rafaya.

kotiyo saha harak, family:tiger game. See diviyan ke-liya.

kotra, family: tables.Sources: Bell 1979 [4],

20

2:19-23. a.k.a. Icelandicbackgammon.

kotra, family: tables.Sources: Parlett 1999, 79.

kotra, family: tables. See ver-quere.

kotu ellima, family: al-querque. Sources: Murray1952, 68.

kotu-baendum, family:mancala. Sources: Murray1952, 173. Parker 1909, 598.

kpo, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 603-604. Murray 1952, 182.a.k.a. poo.

kowwu dunki, family: al-querque. See dash-guti.

kowwu dunki, family: al-querque. See lau kata kati.

kriegspiel, family: chess.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:39-41. Parlett 1999, 324-325.a.k.a. blind chess.

kubeia, family: senet.Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 61.

kuwanroku, family: promo-tion game. Sources: Murray1952, 146.

l’ib el merafib. See hyena.lambs and tigers, family:

leopard game. See puliju-dam.

lange puff, family: tables.Sources: Falkener 1892, 254.Murray 1952, 128. Par-lett 1999, 77. a.k.a. Ger-man backgammon, Russianbackgammon.

laomuzhukeng, family: man-cala. Sources: Eagle 1998,64-66.

laomuzhuqi, family: man-cala. Sources: Eagle 1998,60-62.

laumuzhuqi, family: man-cala. Sources: Eagle 1998,66.

laquet, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 123.Parlett 1999, 79.

larger merels [the], family:merels. See nine men’s mor-ris.

lasca, laska, Laskers, fam-ily: lasca. Sources: Par-lett 1999, 271-272. Pritchard1982, 102-105. Pritchard2007, 40-41.

latrunculi, family: latrun-culi. See ludus latrunculo-rum.

lau kata kati, lau kati kata,family: alquerque. Sources:Bell 1979 [5], 63. Bell 1988,91. Bell & Cornelius 1988,42. Murray 1952, 70. Par-lett 1999, 246. a.k.a. kowwudunki.

Law of the Jungle. See jun-gle game [the].

lay gwet kyah, family: tigergame. See sua ghin gnua.

leab el-akil. See li‘b ‘aqila.leap-frog, family: solitaire.

Sources: Murray 1952, 93-94. Parlett 1999, 156.

legwet kya, family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 111.

lela, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 206.

len choa, family: leopardgame. Sources: Botermanset al 1989, 153. Murray 1952,106. Parlett 1999, 195, 196.

len cua kin ngoa, family:tiger game. Sources: Murray1952, 111.

len doat. Sources: Murray1952, 138-140.

len saka, len sake, family:tables. Sources: Murray1952, 116.

len-doat, family: pachisi.Sources: Parlett 1999, 47-48.

len y las ovejas [el]. Seekomina.

leopard game [the], family:leopard game. See puliju-dam.

leopards & cattle, family:tiger game. See diviyan ke-liya.

leopards & cows, family:tiger game. See cows & leop-ards.

leopards’ game, family:tiger game. See diviyan ke-liya.

leopards’ square, family:tiger game. See diviyan ke-liya.

leyla-gobale, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,195-196.

li‘b al-ghashim, family:mancala. Sources: Bell &Cornelius 1988, 25-26. Lane1836, 51-53. Murray 1952,167. a.k.a. unlearned [gameof the].

li‘b ‘aqila, li‘b hakimi, fam-ily: mancala. Sources: Culin1894, 598. Lane 1836, 2:54.Murray 1952, 167-168. a.k.a.leab el-akil.

li‘b majnuni, family: man-cala. Sources: Culin 1894,597-598. Murray 1952, 167.a.k.a. crazy game [the].

li‘b roseya, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 598-599. Murray 1952, 167.

li‘bat iblis, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 179-180.

limb chess, family: chess.Sources: Murray 1913, 343.

line of three, family: merels.Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 145.Botermans et al 1989, 103.a.k.a. three in a row.

lion and goats chess, family:perugian game. See shatranj

21

shir bakri.liubo. Sources: Parlett 1999,

72-74.lok, family: mancala. See

obridjie.Lombard game [the], fam-

ily: tables. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 2:16. Strutt 1903,249.

longbeu-a-cha, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,169.

lontu-holo, family: mancala.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:73-74.

lontu-holo, family: mancala.See adji-pre.

lorkabod, family: alquerque.See high jump.

lorkabod, family: alquerque.See koruboddo.

losing chess, family: chess.Sources: Parlett 1999, 324.a.k.a. take me.

losing draughts, los-ing game [the], loserdraughts, family: draughts.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:72-73. Bell 1979 [5], 28. Bell1988, 39. Botermans 2008,162. Murray 1952, 81-82.Parlett 1999, 273. Provenzo& Provenzo 1990, 201-202.a.k.a. Belgian checkers,cocimbert, poddavki,verkehrtes damenspiel[das].

Ludo, family: pachisi.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:12.Bell 1979 [5], 112-113. Bell1988, 10. Love 1978, 32.Murray 1952, 138. Par-lett 1999, 49. Provenzo &Provenzo 1990, 49-52.

ludus anglicorum, family:tables. Sources: Murray1952, 124. Parlett 1999,82. Strutt 1903, 248-249.a.k.a. emperador, testa,

tieste, imperial.ludus calculorum. Sources:

Strutt 1903, 253.ludus duodecim scripto-

rum. See duodecim scripta.ludus latrunculorum, fam-

ily: latrunculi. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 1:84-87. Bell 1988,23, 84-85. Botermans et al1989, 26. Falkener 1892, 37-62, 358. Forbes 1860, ap-pendix xxi-xxxii. Murray1952, 14-15, 33-34. Parlett1999, 235-237. Strutt 1903,253. a.k.a. tau, latrunculi.

ludus Lumbardorium, fam-ily: tables. See Lombardgame [the].

ludus philosophorum. Seerithmomachia.

ludus rebellionis, family:perugian game. Sources:Murray 1952, 105-106. Par-lett 1999, 189.

ludus scrupulorum.Sources: Strutt 1903, 253.

luk tsut k’i, family: merels.See achi.

luk tsut k’i, family: merels.See three men’s morris.

lupo e pecore, family: fox &geese. See fox & geese.

m’raantsou, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,224.

madelinette, family: horse-shoe. Sources: Loader &Loader 1993, 35-37.

madji, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 601.Murray 1952, 181.

magical game [the], family:mancala. Sources: Murray1952, 180. a.k.a. ’magicalgame or contest between aru-anran and esigie, two of thesons of oba ozolua’.

maharajah, maharajahand the sepoys [the], fam-

ily: chess. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 1:65. Bell 1979 [5], 21.Bell 1988, 34. Bell & Cor-nelius 1988, 43-44. Falkener1892, 217-224. Parlett 1999,192.

main chator, family: chess.Sources: Forbes 1860, 262-275. Murray 1913, 95-107.Parlett 1999, 295. a.k.a.chator, Malay chess.

main chongkak, family:mancala. Sources: Murray1952, 174.

main pachih, family: ashta-pada. Sources: Murray 1952,131.

main rimau, main rimaukambing, family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 111.

main tabal, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 116.

main tapal empat, family:tiger game. Sources: Murray1952, 109. Parlett 1999, 194.

mak khom, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 173.

mak-yek, family: latrunculi.Sources: Murray 1952, 54.Parlett 1999, 239. a.k.a.apit-sodok.

mak yep, family: alquerque.Sources: Murray 1952, 71.

makonn, family: mancala.Sources: de Voogt 2009, 33.

makruk, family: chess.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:31-33. Bell 1980, 26. Falkener1892, 191-195. Murray 1913,113-117. Parlett 1999, 295.a.k.a. Siamese chess, Thaichess.

makvær, family: draughts.Sources: Murray 1952, 79.Parlett 1999, 263. a.k.a.marquere.

makwinni, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 189.

22

Malay chess, family: chess.See main chator.

malen’gan, malingan.Sources: Murray 1952, 97.

malmosdi, family: merels.See nine men’s morris.

malomjatek, family: merels.See nine men’s morris.

mamatyang-matyang, fam-ily: tiger game. Sources:Murray 1952, 110. a.k.a.tigers.

Man in the Moon [Gameof], family: latrunculi. Seeseega.

mancala, family: mancala.See kalaha.

manachan, family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 110.

mandarin promotion [thegame of], family: promo-tion game. See shing kun t’o.

mandoli, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 166.

mangala, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 168[7.1.9]. Parker 1909, 601-603.

mangala, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 168[7.1.10]. Parker 1909, 601.

mangala, family: mancala.See moungala.

mangala, family: mancala.See um el tuweisat.

mangala, family: mancala.See um el-bagara.

mangalpata, family: al-querque. See mogol putt’han.

mankala’h, family: mancala.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:113-115.

manu, family: fox & geese.See fox & geese.

mar, family: alquerque. Seemogol putt’han.

marella, marelle, marelli,marro, family: alquerque.

See alquerque.marelle quintuple, family:

fox & geese. See fox & geese.marelles, family: fox & geese.

See fox & geese.marelles, family: merels. See

three men’s morris.marene, family: merels. See

nine men’s morris.marquere, family: draughts.

See makvær.marro, family: merels. See

nine men’s morris.marro, family: merels. See

three men’s morris.matoe, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 175.mawkarkatiya, family: man-

cala. Sources: Murray 1952,169. a.k.a. cherrapunji.

mbangbi, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 193.

mbau, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 602.Murray 1952, 201.

mechiwa, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 175.

medio emperador [el], fam-ily: tables. Sources: Murray1952, 124. Parlett 1999, 83.

mefuhva, family: mancala.Sources: Botermans et al1989, 178-179. Murray 1952,211.

mehen, family: mehen.Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 120-121. Bell 1988, 11, 104-105.Bell & Cornelius 1988, 64.Kendall 2007, 33-45. Parlett1999, 89. Pusch 2007, 82-84. Rothohler 1999, 10-23.a.k.a. coiled snake, snakegame [the].

melnichny, family: merels.See nine men’s morris.

melnitsa, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

mensub, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 174-175.

mereles [jeu de], family: al-querque. See alquerque.

merelles, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

merelles, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

merelles a six tables, fam-ily: merels. See six men’smorris.

meuchoh, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 174.

meulih, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 174.

meurimung-rimung, family:tiger game. Sources: Murray1952, 110.

meurimueng-rimueng-do,family: leopard game.Sources: Murray 1952, 107.

meurimueng-rimuengpeuet ploh, family: al-querque. See ratti-chitti-bakri.

meuta’, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 174.

mig mang, ming mang.Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 126-127. Bell 1980, 37-39. Bell1988, 42. Botermans 2008,619-626. Murray 1952, 97.Parlett 1999, 180. Sheppard& Wilkinson 2000, 29.

mingma, family: draughts.Sources: Murray 1952, 82.

minoret, family: mancala.See fallas.

mlyn, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

mogol putt’han, family: al-querque. Sources: Boter-mans et al 1989, 114. Culin1896, 875. Murray 1952,67-68. Parker 1909, 582.Parlett 1999, 246. Shur-reef & Herklots 1832, appx.liii. a.k.a. athara guti,athara gutiala teoria, ban-

23

gale, baz, dam, dam hariman,hewakam-keliya, mangal-pata, mar, mughal-pathan,shanzdahu-kattaru, sixteensoldiers, solah-guttiya, tic-cha, uno-alti-tashu.

molenspel, family: merels.See nine men’s morris.

molle, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

Mongolian chess, family:chess. Sources: Parlett 1999,296.

moo, family: fox & geese. Seefox & geese.

mooru mane ata, family:merels. See nine holes.

morahha, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 224.

moulin [jeu de], family:merels. See nine men’s mor-ris.

moultezim, family: tables.Sources: Parlett 1999, 78.Pritchard 2007, 27.

moungala, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 194.a.k.a. mangala.

msuwa, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 212.

msuwa wa kunja, family:mancala. Sources: Murray1952, 212.

mu torere. Sources: As-trop 1980, 13. Bell 1979 [4],2:149-151. Bell 1979 [5], 42-43. Bell 1980, 48-49. Bell1988, 50. Bell & Cornelius1988, 12-13. Botermans etal 1989, 143-145. Loader &Loader 1993, 43-47. Murray1952, 93. Parlett 1999, 160-161. Sheppard & Wilkinson2000, 24.

mudrunggum, family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 111.

mughal-pathan, family: al-querque. See mogol putt’han.

muhle, muhlenspiel, family:merels. See nine men’s mor-ris.

mulinello, family: merels.See nine men’s morris.

mulinello doppio, family: la-trunculi. Sources: Fiske1905, 107-108.

mulinello triplo, family:merels. Sources: Fiske 1905,108.

mulinello quadruple, mu-linello quadruplo, family:merels. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 2:57. Bell & Cornelius1988, 12. Fiske 1905, 108.Murray 1952, 50.

mulino, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

mungala, family: mancala.Sources: Culin, 601.

murabamba, family: merels.Sources: Zaslavsky 2003, 23-25.

musinaykahwhanmetowaywin,family: fox & geese. See fox& geese.

mutingwano, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,224.

mweiso, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952,217. a.k.a. bahendagabo,ruweisho.

mweso, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 199.a.k.a. akileyisit, okusora.

mweso, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 217-219. Pritchard 2007, 19-20.

myles, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 123.Parlett 1999, 79-80.

mylis, family: tables.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:19.

mylys, family: tables.Sources: Strutt 1903, 249.

mylna, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

nah, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 187.a.k.a. i na.

nam-nam, family: mancala.Sources: Parlett 1999, 212-213. a.k.a. oware adi.

nambidi, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 210.a.k.a. chisolo.

nao-guti, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

naranj, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 600.Murray 1952, 170.

nard, family: tables. Sources:Botermans 2008, 689-698.Murray 1952, 113-115. Par-lett 1999, 74-75. a.k.a. nard-shir.

nard, family: latrunculi.Sources: Murray 1952, 54.Parlett 1999, 239.

nardshir, family: tables. Seenard.

natatu, family: mancala. Seechisolo.

natt klab ash-shawk, fam-ily: alquerque. See highjump.

nchuwa, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 209-210.

nchwomba, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 209.a.k.a. nsoli.

ndim-ndum, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,189.

ne’baku’thana, family: zohnahl. Sources: Murray 1952,155. a.k.a. tsona.

negensticken, family:merels. See nine men’s mor-ris.

nei-pat-ko-no. See four fieldkono.

nerenchi, family: merels. Seenine holes.

24

nerenchi, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

nerenchi, nerenchi keliya,family: merels. Sources:Murray 1952, 47. Parker1909, 577-580. Zaslavsky2003, 22.

nine holes, family: merels.Sources: Murray 1952, 39-40. Parlett 1999, 115-116.Vasantha 2003, 26-27. Za-slavsky 2003, 4-7. a.k.a. aki-dada, char pur, chikkiri, dri-esticken, dris ath-thalatha,jara-badakh, kleine moorumane ata, muhlenspiel,nerenchi, nulochen, san-noku-narabe, tre-guti, triptrap trul.

nine men’s morris, fam-ily: merels. Sources: Anon1989, 246-248. Bell 1979[4], 1:93-95. Bell 1979 [5],142-144. Bell 1980, 50-51. Bell 1988, 45, 76-77.Bell & Cornelius 1988, 8-9.Botermans et al 1989, 104-106. Botermans 2008, 55-64. Cassell 1896, 397-398.Culin 1907, 793, 797f, 798.Fiske 1905, 97-146. Gomme1894, 414-420. Grunfeld1975, 59-61. Loader &Loader 1993, 27-29. Love1978, 62-63. Murray 1952,43-48. Parlett 1999, 118-120. Pritchard 1982, 128-131. Pritchard 2007, 28-29.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,29-33. Schadler 2000, 112-116. Sheppard & Wilkin-son 2000, 9. Strutt 1841,317-318. Vasantha 2003,27. Walker 2014, 95-110. Zaslavsky 2003, 18-20.a.k.a. akidada, alquerque denueve, awithlaknannai, bara-guti pait pait, bidaria, cas-tro, doppel-muhle, dris, dris

at-tan ‘ashari, dris at-tis‘a,dubbel-qvarn, dugh, duqur-jin, filo, filo-mulino, filetto,k‘ab al-baidar, larger merels[the], malmosdi, malomjatek,marene, marro, melnichny,melnitsa, merelles, mlyn,molenspel, molle, moulin[jeu de], muhle, muhlenspiel,mulinello, mylna, nao-guti,negensticken, paggada ata,paitariya, picaria, pitarilla,qvarn, real, riga di noue, riz,schafzagel, sgjoug, sidere, si-perde, smerelli, tavola, tavoladi molino, tria, triodi, trique,yakamaido.

ninuki renju, family: gomoku. Sources: Bell 1979[5], 127.

njombwa, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 208-209.

noughts & crosses, family:merels. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 1:91. Bell 1979 [5], 145.Bell 1988, 45. Bell & Cor-nelius 1988, 5-6. Botermanset al 1989, 103. Botermans2008, 68. Cassell 1896, 829.Gomme 1894, 311, 420-421.Gomme 1898, 295-296. Mur-ray 1952, 40. Parlett 1999,112. Zaslavsky 2003, 8-10.a.k.a. kit cat kannio, tic-tac-toe, tick-tack-toe, tik tak tol,tip-tap-toe, tit-tat-toe, tripptrapp trull.

nsoli, family: mancala. Seenchwomba.

nulochen, family: merels.See nine holes.

nyout. Sources: Bell 1979 [4],1:2-4. Bell 1979 [5], 32-33.Bell 1980, 12-14. Bell 1988,8-9. Bell & Cornelius 1988,59-60. Botermans 2008, 641-654. Culin 1895b, 66-76.Culin 1896, 681-685. Mur-

ray 1952, 142. Parlett 1999,40-42. Pritchard 2007, 13.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,189-194. a.k.a. yut.

nyuwunu bo ana ya,nyuwunu bouh ana yai,family: mancala. Seegamma.

o-pat-ko-no, family: halma.See five field kono.

oblong chess, family: chess.Sources: Murray 1913, 340-341. a.k.a. al-mamduda, al-mustatila, at-tawila.

obridjie, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 185-186, 187. Zaslavsky 2003, 39-41. a.k.a. adi, adzua, lok.

oca [giuoco dell’], family:mehen. See goose [the gameof].

oca [juego de la], family:mehen. See goose [the gameof].

ochi, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 224.

ofanfelling, ofan-fellingartafl, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 121.Parlett 1999, 76.

officers & men, family: fox& geese. See asalto.

officers & sepoys, family:fox & geese. See asalto.

ogori, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 183.

ohohla. Culin 1907, 794.oie [jeu de l’], family: mehen.

See goose [the game of].okusora, family: mancala.

See mweso.okwe, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 185.okwe, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 187-188.

okwe, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 189.

25

okwe, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 191-192.

okwe, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 192[7.5.57].

okwe, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 192[7.5.58].

okwe, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 194.

okwe, family: mancala. Seeako okwe.

olinda keliya, family: man-cala. Sources: Bell 1988, 57-58. Parker 1909, 587-594. deVoogt 2000, 91-99.

omana guntalu, family:mancala. See chenne maneata.

on-moul-ko-no, family:horseshoe. See pong hauk’i.

ot-jin, family: mancala. Seeaw-li on-nam ot-tjin.

Othello. See reversi.ouranomachia. Sources:

Forbes 1860, 138.oura, family: mancala. See

aware.oware adi, family: mancala.

See nam-nam.owasakut, owasokotz, fam-

ily: zohn ahl. Sources: Culin1907, 120. Murray 1952, 153.a.k.a. wasokuts.

pachgarhwa, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,169.

pachih, family: pachisi.Sources: Murray 1952, 136.

pachıs, family: pachisi.Sources: Culin 1896, 856.

pachis, family: pachisi. Seepichas.

pachis, family: pachisi. Seesokkatan.

pachisi, family: pachisi.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:9-

12. Bell 1979 [5], 110-111.Bell 1980, 14-16. Bell 1988,9-10. Bell & Cornelius 1988,62-64. Botermans 2008,189-198. Cassell 1896, 819.Culin 1896, 851-854. Grun-feld 1975, 27-29. Falkener1892, 257-262. Murray 1952,135, 136. Parker 1909,619-621. Parlett 1999, 42-46. Pritchard 2007, 14-15.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,41-48. Shurreef & Herklots1832, appx. lii-liii. Vasantha2003, 32-33. Walker 2014,17-34. a.k.a. bakkis, patch-esi.

padagang, family: tables.See adagang.

paggada ata, family: merels.See nine men’s morris.

pahada keliya, family:pachisi. Sources: Murray1952, 134. Parker 1909, 611-614.

paika, family: mancala. Seekatra.

paitariya, family: merels.See nine men’s morris.

pallam kuzhi, pallamkurie,pallanguli, pallankuli,family: mancala. Sources:Bell 1979 [4], 1:115-116. Bell1980, 63-64. Bell 1988, 55-56. Murray 1952, 169-170.Parlett 1999, 219-219.

pallankuli, family: mancala.See chonku.

palm tree game [the]. Seedogs & jackals.

palms. See dogs & jackals.pancha, pancha keliya,

panche, family: (race).Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:1-2. Murray 1952, 140-141.Parker 1909, 609-610.a.k.a.five game [the].

parcheesi, family: pachisi.Sources: Parlett 1999, 48-49.

Whitehill 1999, 124.parchis, family: pachisi. See

barjis.pareia de entrada, family:

tables. See puff.pasa, family: pachisi. See

chausar.pasa. Sources: Depaulis 1998,

32.pasang. Sources: Bell 1980,

19-21. Bell 1988, 52.pasit, family: pachisi.

Sources: Culin 1896, 856.Murray 1952, 135-136. a.k.a.ansah pyit-thi, chwe pyit-thi.

pataballang, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 116.

patchesi, family: pachisi. Seepachisi.

patok. See go.patol, family: zohn ahl.

Sources: Botermans et al1989, 160. Murray 1952, 153.a.k.a. tugea.

patol, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Murray 1952, 151.

patolli, family: pachisi.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:6-9.Bell 1979 [5], 108-109. Bell1988, 155. Bell & Cornelius1988, 61. Culin 1896, 854-855. Murray 1952, 147. Par-lett 1999, 51-54. Verbeeck1998, 92-93.

paume carie, paumecary,family: tables. Sources:Murray 1952, 120. Parlett1999, 76. Strutt 1903, 249.

paumecary, family: tables.See puff.

pedreria, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

peki, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 201.

pendus [les], family: merels.Sources: Murray 1952, 39.

pente grammai. Sources:Murray 1952, 28-29.Schadler 2009, 169-192.

26

perali kotuma, perali ko-tuwa, peralikatuma, fam-ily: alquerque. Sources:Botermans et al 1989, 114-115. Grunfeld 1975, 40.Murray 1952, 68. Parker1909, 583-584. Provenzo &Provenzo 1990, 80-84.

pereauni, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 215-216.

perseverance game, family:mancala. See ise-ozin-egbe.

Persian chess, family: chess.See chatrang.

pesos, pessos. family: la-trunculi See petteia.

petit trictrac, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 124-125. a.k.a. dickedack, tric-trac.

petteia, family: latrunculi.Sources: Forbes 1860, ap-pendix xviii-xxi. Murray1952, 27. Parlett 1999, 234.Strutt 1903, 254. a.k.a. pe-sos, pessos, poleis, polis.

philosophers’ game [the].See rithmomachia.

picaria, family: merels.Sources: Culin 1907, 797f,798.

picaria, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

pichas, family: pachisi.Sources: Murray 1952, 136.a.k.a. pachis.

piprjall, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 127.Parlett 1999, 79.

pisca, piscasitha. Sources:Depaulis 1998, 32-33. a.k.a.huairu, wayrusitha.

pitarilla, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

pitarilla, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

plaisant [le jeu], family:draughts. Sources: Bell

1988, 37.plakato, plakoto, family: ta-

bles. Sources: Bell 1988,20-21. Parlett 1999, 83.Pritchard 2007, 27. a.k.a.tavli.

planks. Sources: Botermans2008, 497-512.

plein, family: tables. Sources:Murray 1952, 126.

poddavki, family: draughts.See losing draughts.

poleis, polis, family: latrun-culi. See petteia.

Polish checkers, Polishdraughts, family: draughts.See continental draughts.

pon chochotl, family: al-querque. See aiyawatstani.

pon chochotl, family: tigergame. See cercar la liebre.

pong hau k’i, family: horse-shoe. Sources: Bell 1979 [4],2:56. Bell 1980, 48. Bell1988, 50. Bell & Cornelius1988, 12. Culin 1895b, 101.Murray 1952, 92. Parlett1999, 160. a.k.a. do-guti, on-moul-ko-no, sua tok tong.

poo, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 601.

poo, family: mancala. Seekpo.

pretwa, family: alquerque.Sources: Murray 1952, 71.Parlett 1999, 245.

provincial game [the], fam-ily: tables. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 2:17. Murray 1952,123. Parlett 1999, 84. Strutt1903, 249.

puff, puff-spiel, family: ta-bles. Sources: Murray1952, 128. Parlett 1999,76. a.k.a. buf, buffa, buffacortese, pareia de entrada,paumecary.

puhulmuti, puhulmutu,family: mancala. Sources:

Murray 1952, 170-172.Parker 1909, 594-597.

pulijudam, family: leopardgame. Sources: Astrop 1980,7. Bell 1979 [4], 2:47-48.Bell 1980, 39-40. Bell &Cornelius 1988, 43. Boter-mans et al 1989, 153. Murray1952, 107. Parlett 1999, 195-196. Zaslavsky 2003, 31-32.a.k.a. lambs and tigers, leop-ard game [the], tiger, tigergame [the].

puluc. Sources: Bell 1979 [4],1:89-90. Bell 1979 [5], 94-95. Murray 1952, 149. Par-lett 1999, 226-227. Verbeeck1998, 85-90. a.k.a. boolik,bul.

puma. Sources: Depaulis1998, 34.

pyramid, family: halma.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:57-58. Bell 1979 [5], 29. Boter-mans et al 1989, 109.

qamish uyuni, family:tablan. See tab.

qancebie, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 195.

qatranj, family: chess. Seeatranj.

Queah game [the], (un-named), family: yote.Sources: Murray 1952, 83.Parlett 1999, 247.

quecho, family: (race).Sources: Murray 1952, 147-148.

quechucague, quechucayu.See kechukawe.

queen’s game [the], family:tables. See doublets.

queen’s guard [the],queen’s guards. See agon.

quince, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Culin 1907, 153-154. Murray 1952, 155.a.k.a. intuvigai zuli gairagai,kezute, romavoa.

27

quince, family: zohn ahl. Seetugi’-e-pfe.

quinze tablas [las], family:tables. Sources: Murray1952, 121-122. Parlett 1999,83.

quirach, family: alquerque.See fetach.

qvarn, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

rabattuees, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 121.Parlett 1999, 76. a.k.a.dames avalees, dames rab-batuees, tables avalees, tablesrabbatuees.

rafaya, family: leopard game.Sources: Murray 1952, 107.Parker 1909, 581. a.k.a. de-mala diviyan keliya, koti sel-lama.

rafspel, family: fox & geese.See fox & geese.

rakado, family: halma.Sources: Parlett 1999, 124-135.

ratti-chitti-bakri, family:alquerque. Sources: Bell1988, 37. Murray 1952,68. a.k.a. dam-daman,dandaman, meurimueng-rimueng peuet ploh.

real, family: merels. See ninemen’s morris.

recontrat, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 128.Parlett 1999, 77-78. a.k.a.romanos recontrat [los].

ref-skak, family: fox & geese.See fox & geese.

renard [le jeu de], fam-ily: perugian game. Sources:Murray 1952, 106. Parlett1999, 189-190.

renard et les poules, family:fox & geese. See fox & geese.

renette, family: tables. Seedoublets.

renju, family: go moku.

Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 127.Bell 1980, 51-52. Botermans2008, 415-424. Parlett 1999,124-125. Pritchard 1982,140-144. Pritchard 2007, 72-73. Wagner & Virag 2001,30-35. Walker 2014, 207-224.

retour [jeu de], family: ta-bles. See grand trictrac.

reverquur, family: tables.See verquere.

reversi. Sources: Anon 1989,222-225. Bell 1979 [4], 1:74.Bell 1979 [5], 28. Bell 1980,37. Bell 1988, 49. Boter-mans 2008, 527-540. Murray1952, 92. Parlett 1999, 178-180. Pritchard 1982, 145-150. Pritchard 2007, 38-39.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,214-218. a.k.a. Othello.

revertier, family: tables. Seeverquere.

riga, family: alquerque. Seealquerque.

riga di noue, family: merels.See nine men’s morris.

riga di tre, family: merels.See three men’s morris.

rimau, rimau-rimau, fam-ily: tiger game. Sources:Botermans et al 1989, 154-155. Murray 1952, 108.a.k.a. tiger.

rimau-rimau, family: tigergame. Sources: Botermanset al 1989, 155. Murray 1952,109-110.

rimoe, family: tiger game.Sources: Murray 1952, 109.

ringo. Sources: Bell 1979 [5],116-117. Bell 1980, 46-47.

rithmomachia, rithmo-machy. Sources: Bell 1979[5], 136-137. Bell 1980, 68-72. Bell & Cornelius 1988,75-77. Botermans 2008,585-618. Murray 1952, 84-87. Parlett 1999, 332-342.

Stigter 2007, 263-269. Strutt1903, 254-255. a.k.a. ludusphilosophorum, philosophers’game [the].

ritterspiel, family: fox &geese. Sources: Parlett 1999,191.

riz, family: merels. See ninemen’s morris.

romanos recontrat [los],family: tables. See recontrat.

romavoa, family: zohn ahl.See quince.

royal game of goose [the],family: mehen. See goose[the game of].

royal game of Ur [the], fam-ily: senet. Sources: Becker2007, 11-15. Bell 1979 [4],1:23-26. Bell 1979 [5], 82.Bell 1980, 6. Bell 1988, 94-95. Botermans et al 1989,22-25. Botermans 2008, 711-722. Finkel 2007, 16-32.Grunfeld 1975, 57-58. Mur-ray 1952, 19-21. Parlett1999, 63-65.

Russian backgammon, fam-ily: tables. See lange puff.

ruweisho, family: mancala.See mweiso.

sacred way [the game ofthe], family: senet. Seetwenty squares [the game of].

saddiqiya, family: mancala.See togatog.

sadurangam, family: ashta-pada. Sources: Botermanset al 1989, 34. Murray 1952,131. Parker 1909, 607-608.Parlett 1999, 56. a.k.a. siga.

sahkku, family: tablan.Sources: Borvo 2001, 33-52.Depaulis 2001, 77-82.

sai, family: mancala. Sources:Murray 1952, 175.

saka, family: tables. Sources:Culin 1895a, 501.

salta, family: halma. Sources:

28

Bell 1979 [4], 2:58-59. Boter-mans et al 1989, 109. Boter-mans 2008, 33-44. Murray1952, 52. Parlett 1999, 135.

sam k’i, family: merels.Sources: Culin 1895b, 102.Murray 1952, 47. a.k.a. chuksam, kontjil.

san-kuo-k’i, san-kuo-qi,family: chess. Sources: Mur-ray 1913, 133-134. Parlett1999, 329. Pritchard 2007,57. a.k.a. three kingdoms[game of the].

san-nokunarabe, family:merels. See nine holes.

santaraj, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

sat-gol, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 170.

satill, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Culin 1907, 87-88,90-91. Murray 1952, 152.a.k.a. setichch’, tsaydithi,tsay-dithl, tze-chis’, zsetilth’.

satoel, family: alquerque.Sources: Murray 1952, 70.

saturankam, family: ashta-pada. Sources: Botermanset al 1989, 35. Murray 1952,130. Parker 1909, 605-607.Parlett 1999, 56. a.k.a. siga.

Saxon hnefatafl, family:hnefatafl. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 1:79-81. Bell 1988,24. Botermans et al 1989,119-120. Botermans 2008,485-492. Parlett 1999, 202.Walker 2013, 47-55. a.k.a.alea evangelii, gospel game[the].

sbaraglino, family: tables.See baralie.

sbaraglio, family: tables. Seebarail.

schaap en wolf, family: fox& geese. See fox & geese.

schafzagel, family: merels.See nine men’s morris.

schuster, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 126.Parlett 1999, 86.

seega, family: latrunculi.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:82-84. Bell 1979 [5], 80-81. Bell1988, 23. Murray 1952, 54-55. Botermans et al 1989,122-123. Lane 1836, 58-60. Love 1979, 8. Parker1909, 603-604. Parlett 1999,238. Pritchard 2007, 12.Provenzo & Provenzo 1990,161-166. a.k.a. bub, kharbga,Man in the Moon, shantarad,siga, sija, syredge, ufuba wahaluna.

seega. Sources: Bell & Cor-nelius 1988, 11.

semplice mulinello, family:merels. See three men’s mor-ris.

sen’t, senat, family: senet.See senet.

senat, family: latrunculi.Sources: Falkener 1892, 63-82, 358-359.

senet, family: senet. Sources:Bell 1979 [4], 1:26-29. Bell1979 [5], 82-83. Bell 1980,6-7. Bell 1988, 16-17. Bell& Cornelius 1988, 55-56.Botermans et al 1989, 16-18. Botermans 2008, 163-172. Grunfeld 1975, 53-55. Falkener 1892, 16, 101.Kendall 1978. Murray 1952,13, 17. Parlett 1999, 66-68.Piccione 2007, 54-63. a.k.a.sen’t, senat, thirty squares[the game of]

serup, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Murray 1952, 155.

set dilth’, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Culin 1907, 88-89.Murray 1952, 152.

setichch’, family: zohn ahl.See satill.

seven leopards [the], fam-

ily: leopard game. See hatdiviyan keliya.

seys, dos e as [el], family: ta-bles. Sources: Murray 1952,123. Parlett 1999, 79. a.k.a.six deuce ace.

sgjoug, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

shah, family: merels. Sources:Parlett 1999, 120.

shah, family: merels. Sources:Murray 1952, 48.

shantarad, family: latrun-culi. See seega.

shanzdahu-kattaru, fam-ily: alquerque. See mogolputt’han.

shap luk kon tsu tseungkwan, family: tiger game.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:48-49. Bell 1979 [5], 66-67. Bell1988, 26. Botermans et al1989, 148-149. Culin 1896,874-875. Murray 1952, 100-101. Parlett 1999, 192-193.Sheppard & Wilkinson 2000,26. a.k.a. shi liu kan tsiangkun, sixteen soldiers.

sharaione, family: tables.See barail.

shashki, family: draughts.Sources: Botermans 2008,569. Murray 1952, 79-80.Parlett 1999, 262. a.k.a.dama, dame, damki.

shatranj, family: chess.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:57-61. Bell 1988, 29. Fiske1905, 1-9. Forbes 1860, 46-134. Murray 1913, 220-338,&c. Parlett 1999, 296-299.a.k.a. chess, Islamic chess.

shatranj al-husun, family:chess. See citadel chess.

shatranj al-kabir, family:chess. See Tamerlane’schess.

shatranj al-kammat, family:chess. Sources: Forbes 1860,

29

135.shatranj as-sa‘idiya [ash-],

shatranj as-su‘diya [ash-],family: chess. Sources: Mur-ray 1913, 342.

shatranj kabir, family:chess. Sources: Murray1913, 347. a.k.a. great chess.

shatranj kamil, family:chess. See Tamerlane’schess.

shatranj shir bakri, fam-ily: perugian game. Sources:Murray 1952, 106. a.k.a.lion and goats chess.

shatranji mamduda, family:chess. Sources: Forbes 1860,138. a.k.a. tawila.

shatranji mudauwira, fam-ily: chess. See circular chess.

shaturanga, family: chess.See chaturaji.

shayo, family: mancala. Seeayoayo.

sher-bakar, family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 111.

shields. See dogs & jackals.shi liu kan tsiang kun, fam-

ily: tiger game. See shap lukkon tsu tseung kwan.

shimunana, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 211-212. a.k.a. tshuba.

shing kun t’o, family: pro-motion game. Sources: Bell& Cornelius 1988, 65-67.Culin 1889, 18-21. Culin1895a, 504-507. Culin 1896,820. Murray 1952, 144-146.Parlett 1999, 94. a.k.a. man-darin promotion [the gameof].

shing kun t’o, family: pro-motion game. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 146.

shiva, family: dara. See dara.sho-gi, sho-ngi, sho-shogi,

shogi, family: chess.

Sources: Bell 1979 [4],2:33-38. Bell 1980, 27-29. Botermans et al 1989,137-139. Botermans 2008,107-140.Culin 1896, 867-868. Falkener 1892, 156-176.Grunfeld 1975, 77-83. Mur-ray 1913, 138-146. Parlett1999, 291-294. Pritchard1982, 155-164. Pritchard2007, 58. a.k.a. Japanesechess.

sho’liwe, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Culin 1907, 213-219. Murray 1952, 154.a.k.a. cane arrows.

shwan-liu, family: tables.See sugoroku.

si-perde, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

Siamese chess, family: chess.See makruk.

siang k’i, family: chess. Seexiangqi.

sice-ace, family: tables. Seesixe-ace.

sidere, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

Siege of Paris. Sources: Bell1979 [5], 98-101. Bell 1988,43-44, 88-89. Love 1978, 44-45.

siga, family: ashtapada.Sources: Parlett 1999, 56.

siga, family: alquerque.Sources: Murray 1952, 82.

siga, family: tablan. Sources:Murray 1952, 96-97.

siga, family: alquerque. Seehigh jump.

siga, family: ashtapada. Seesadurangam.

siga, family: ashtapada. Seesaturankam.

siga, sija, family: latrunculi.See seega.

sija el taba, sijat el taba,family: tablan. Sources:Murray 1952, 96.

sipchi kat, family: alquerque.See dam pusri.

sitta, family: tablan. See tab.sitih, family: zohn ahl.

Sources: Murray 1952, 152.sittuyin, family: chess.

Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:28-30. Bell 1980, 24-26. Culin1896, 859-860. Falkener1892, 178-190. Forbes 1860,258-262. Murray 1913, 109-113. Parlett 1999, 294-295.a.k.a. Burmese chess, chit-thareen.

sixe-ace, family: tables.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:39-41. Strutt 1903, 248. a.k.a.sice-ace.

six deuce ace, family: tables.See seys, dos e as [el].

six men’s morris, family:merels. Sources: Anon 1989,248. Bell 1979 [4], 1:92.Bell & Cornelius 1988, 7-8. Botermans et al 1989,104. Botermans 2008, 59.Murray 1952, 42-43. Parlett1999, 117-118. Provenzo &Provenzo 1990, 34-35. Za-slavsky 2003, 16-17. a.k.a.achi, akidada, ati, merelles asix tables, smerelli.

sixpenny madell, family:merels. Sources: Murray1952, 43. Parlett 1999, 117-118.

sixteen soldiers, family:tiger game. See jurokumusashi.

sixteen soldiers, family: al-querque. See mogol putt’han.

sixteen soldiers, family:tiger game. See shap lukkon tsu tseung kwan.

sixteen soldiers [the], fam-ily: alquerque. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 1:51. Bell 1979[5], 64-65. Bell & Cornelius1988, 41-42.

30

sleeping tigers, family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 112.

smaller merels [the], family:merels. See three men’s mor-ris.

smerelli, family: merels. Seefive men’s morris.

smerelli, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

smerelli, family: merels. Seesix men’s morris.

smerelli, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

smugglers & customs offi-cers, family: halma. See In-dians & trappers.

snail, family: mehen.Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 122-123. Bell 1988, 22.

snake, family: mehen.Sources: Culin 1896, 842.Murray 1952, 143.

snake game [the], family:mehen. See mehen.

snakes & ladders, family:(race). Sources: Bell 1979[5], 134-135. Bell 1988, 14-15. Bell & Cornelius 1988,6465. Botermans 2008, 19-32. Love 1978, 22-23, 90-91.Murray 1952, 143. Parlett1999, 91-94. Pritchard 2007,162. Provenzo & Provenzo1990, 52-60.

sokkatan, family: pachisi.Sources: Murray 1952, 135.a.k.a. pachis.

solah-guttiya, family: al-querque. See mogol putt’han.

soldiers’ eight-way hunt[the], family: tiger game.See yasasukari musashi.

solitario, family: tiger game.Sources: Culin 1896, 876.Murray 1952, 100.

sonaru, family: pachisi. Seeasi keliya.

songo, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 185.

Spanish draughts, family:draughts. Sources: Murray1952, 78-79. Parlett 1999,258-260. a.k.a. damas.

spies. See conspirators [the].spoil five, family: go moku.

See go moku.spreta, family: mancala.

Sources: Murray 1952, 210-211.

srand, family: alquerque. Seezamma.

srid-pai khorio, family: pro-motion game. Sources: Par-lett 1999, 94. a.k.a. circle oflife.

srid-pai khorio, family: pro-motion game. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 147.

ssang-ryouk, family: tables.Sources: Culin 1895a, 499-500. Culin 1895b, 79-80.Culin 1896, 849-851.

ssang-ryouk, family: tables.See sugoroku.

star halma, family: halma.See Chinese checkers.

stern-halma, family: halma.See Chinese checkers.

stone warriors [game ofthe]. Sources: Bell 1979 [4],1:48-49.

sua ghin gnua. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 2:42-43. Culin 1896,876. a.k.a. lay gwet kyah.

sua tok tong, family: horse-shoe. See pong hau k’i.

sugoroku, family: tables.Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 92-93. Culin 1889, 15-17.Culin 1895a, 502-504. Culin1896, 841. Murray 1952,115. a.k.a. shwan-liu, ssang-ryouk, sunoroku.

sugoroku. Sources: For-manek & Linhart 2002, 39-64.

sujjua, family: merels.Sources: Murray 1952, 47.

sullusie, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 195.

sunka, family: mancala.Sources: Bell 1988, 55, 110-111.

sunoroku, family: tables. Seesugoroku.

Surakarta. Sources: Bell1979 [5], 96-97. Bell 1980,32-33. Parlett 1999, 249-250.Pritchard 2007, 35.

sute, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 213.

svensk bradspel, family: ta-bles. See verquere.

syredge, family: latrunculi.See seega.

sz’kwa, family: go. Bell &Cornelius 1988, 14-15.

t’shu-p’u, family: pachisi.Sources: Botermans et al1989, 35-37.

tab, tab al-qasab, tabwa dukk, family: tablan.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:49-51. Culin 1896, 805-807.Lane 1836, 2:55-58. Murray1952, 95-96. Parlett 1999,227-229. Walker 2014, 65-76.a.k.a. bazi qamdish, qamishuyuni, sitta.

tabal, family: tables. Sources:Culin 1895a, 502. Culin1896, 849.

tablan, family: tablan.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:87-89. Bell 1979 [5], 58-59.Bell 1980, 61-63. Bell 1988,26-27. Parlett 1999, 133,229-230.

tablas reales, family: tables.See backgammon.

tables avalees, family: ta-bles. See rabbatuees.

tables rabbatuees, family:tables. See rabbatuees.

tablut, family: hnefatafl.

31

Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:77-79. Bell 1979 [5], 34-35. Bell1980, 41-42. Bell & Cor-nelius 1988, 44-45. Boter-mans et al 1989, 121. Lin-naeus 1811, 2:55-58. Murray1913, 445-446. Murray 1952,63-64. Parlett 1999, 203-204. Pritchard 1982, 176-180. Walker 2013, 11-22.Walker 2014, 165-188.

tabula, family: tables.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:34-37. Bell 1980, 8-10. Bell& Cornelius 1988, 56-57.Botermans et al 1989, 29-31. Botermans 2008, 557-568. Fiske 1905, 69. Murray1952, 31-33. Parlett 1999,72. a.k.a. alea.

tæfl, tafl, family: hnefatafl.See hnefatafl.

take me, family: chess. Seelosing chess.

Tamerlane’s chess, family:chess. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 1:61. Falkener 1892, 197-216. Forbes 1860, 138-154.Murray 1913, 344-346. Par-lett 1999, 313. a.k.a. greatchess, shatranj al-kabir, sha-tranj kamil.

tamilnadi, family: mancala.Sources: Bell 1988, 56-57.

tammam, family: ashtapada.Sources: Murray 1952, 131.Parlett 1999, 56.

tams, family: draughts.Sources: Bell 1988, 39.

tananako. Sources: Depaulis1998, 34.

tant fant, family: merels.Sources: Murray 1952, 42.a.k.a. epelle.

tapatan, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

taptana, family: tiger game.See komina.

tasholiwe, family: zohn ahl.

Sources: Botermans et al1989, 160. Murray 1952, 152.a.k.a. wooden canes.

tatsungin. Sources: Parlett1999, 37-38.

tau, family: latrunculi. Seeludus latrunculorum.

tau, family: senet. See twentysquares [the game of].

tavli, family: tables. Seeplakoto.

tavola, tavola di molino,family: merels. See ninemen’s morris.

tavole reale, family: tables.See backgammon.

tavole reale, family: tables.See todas tablas.

tavoletta, family: merels. Seethree men’s morris.

tawfa, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Culin 1907, 208.Murray 1952, 152-153.

tawila, family: chess. See sha-tranji mamduda.

tawlbwrdd, family: hne-fatafl. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 2:43-45. Forbes 1860,appendix xlvii-liii. Murray1952, 62-63. Parlett 1999,202. Walker 2013, 23-29.a.k.a. dalwbrdd.

tawula, family: tables. SeeTurkish backgammon.

tayam sonalu, family:pachisi. Sources: Murray1952, 134-135. Parker 1909,617-619.

terhuchu, family: alquerque.Sources: Murray 1952, 66.

terhuchu, family: alquerque.Sources: Murray 1952, 68.

testa, family: tables. Seeludus anglicorum.

thaayam, family: ashtapada.Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 1:17-20. Botermans 2008, 723-732. Parlett 1999, 55-56.

Thai chess, family: chess.See makruk.

thirty squares [the gameof], family: senet. See senet.

three in a row, family:merels. See line of three.

three kingdoms [game ofthe], family: chess. See san-kuo-qi.

three men’s morris, fam-ily: merels. Sources: Anon1989, 248. Bell 1979 [4],1:91-92. Bell 1979 [5], 145.Bell & Cornelius 1988, 6-7. Botermans et al 1989,35, 103. Botermans 2008,58. Culin 1907, 797-798.Fiske 1905, 97. Murray1952, 40-42. Parlett 1999,116-117. Pritchard 2007,29. Provenzo & Provenzo1990, 34-36. a.k.a. al-querque de tres, ath-thalatha,bidaria, carabawg, carre chi-nois, cashlan gherra, castro,dris, fanorona telo, filetto,filo, hujura, luk tsut k’i,marelles, marro, merelles,mulino, nerenchi, pedreria,pitarilla, riga di tre, santaraj,semplice mulinello, smallermerels [the], smerelli, tap-atan, tavoletta, tic-tac-toe,tin-guti pait pait, tres enraya, yih.

ti, family: mancala. Sources:Murray 1952, 184.

tiau-qi, family: halma. SeeChinese checkers.

tic-tac-toe, family: merels.See achi.

tic-tac-toe, tick-tack-toe,family: merels. See noughts& crosses.

tic-tac-toe, family: merels.See three men’s morris.

ticcha, family: alquerque. Seemogol putt’han.

tick-tack, family: tables.

32

Sources: Strutt 1903, 248.tieste, family: tables. See

ludus anglicorum.tiger, tiger game [the], fam-

ily: leopard game. See puli-judam.

tiger, family: tiger game. Seerimau.

tiger, tigers, family: tigergame. Sources: Bell 1979 [5],65. Parlett 1999, 194-195.

tigers, family: tiger game.See mamatyang-matyang.

tigers & men, family: tigergame. Sources: Murray1952, 111.

tik tak tol, family: merels.See noughts & crosses.

til guti, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 169.

tin-guti pait pait, family:merels. See three men’s mor-ris.

tip-tap-toe, family: merels.See noughts & crosses.

tit-tat-toe, family: merels.See noughts & crosses.

tjoeki. See chuki.tjyang keui, family: chess.

See changgi.tjyong-kyeng-to, family:

promotion game. Sources:Culin 1895b, 77-78. Culin1896, 820-822. Murray 1952,146. Parlett 1999, 94. a.k.a.dignitaries [game of].

tjyong-kyeng-to, family:promotion game. Sources:Murray 1952, 146. a.k.a.Buddhist promotion game.

tobi-shogi. Sources: Murray1913, 147. Murray 1952, 82.Parlett 1999, 247.

tobi-sugoroku, family: pro-motion game. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 146. a.k.a. jump-ing sugoroku.

toc, family: tables. Sources:Murray 1952, 126. Parlett

1999, 86.toccateglio, family: tables.

Sources: Murray 1952, 126.Parlett 1999, 86. a.k.a.tokkadille.

todas tablas, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 122.Parlett 1999, 83. Strutt1903, 248. a.k.a. Irish, tav-ole reale, toutes tables.

tods & lambs, family: fox &geese. See fox & geese.

togatog, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 195a.k.a. saddiqiya.

tokkadille, family: tables.See toccateglio.

totolospi, family: (race).Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:5.Botermans et al 1989, 159.Murray 1952, 149-150. Par-lett 1999, 38.

totolospi, family: (war).Sources: Culin 1896, 879-880. Culin 1907, 794f, 795-796. Murray 1952, 64-65.Bell 1979 [4], 2:53-54.

totolospi, family: (race).Sources: Botermans 1989,159. Murray 1952, 150-151.

totolospi, family: (war).Culin 1907, 797.

tourne cas, tourne case,family: tables. Sources: As-trop 1980, 3. Bell 1979 [4],1:38-39. Murray 1952, 121.Parlett 1999, 86.

toutes tables, family: tables.See todas tablas.

Transvaal, family: fox &geese. See asalto.

tre-guti, family: merels. Seenine holes.

treble fox & geese, family:fox & geese. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 104.

trebles, family: dara.Sources: Parlett 1999, 124.

tres en raya, family: merels.See three men’s morris.

tria, family: merels. See ninemen’s morris.

trictrac, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 125-126. Parlett 1999, 86. a.k.a.grand trictrac.

trictrac, family: tables. Seepetit trictrac.

triodi, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

trip trap trul, family:merels. See nine holes.

tripp trapp trull, family:merels. See noughts &crosses.

trique, family: merels. Seenine men’s morris.

tsaydithi, tsaydithl, family:zohn ahl. See satill.

tseung-k’, family: chess. Seexiang qi.

tshuba, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 212-213.

tshuba, family: mancala. Seeshimunana.

tsidil, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Murray 1952, 152.a.k.a. tsaydithl.

tsikehi, family: (race).Sources: Murray 1952, 149.a.k.a. hurdle.

tsindil, family: zohn ahl. Seetsidil.

tsona, family: mancala. Seene’baku’thana.

tsoro, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 212.

tsoro yematatu, family:merels. Sources: Zaslavsky2003, 27.

tsotra, family: mancala. Seekatra.

tsun k’i. See coan ki.tugea, family: zohn ahl. See

patol.

33

tugi’-e-pfe, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Murray 1952, 153.a.k.a. quince.

tuknanavuhpi, family: al-querque. Sources: Culin1907, 794-795. Murray 1952,67.

Turkish backgammon, fam-ily: tables. Sources: Culin1896, 849. Falkener 1892,255-256. Murray 1952, 116-117. a.k.a. tawula.

Turkish chess, family: chess.Sources: Falkener 1892, 196-197.

Turkish draughts, family:draughts. Sources: Bell1979 [4], 1:73-74, ii. 41.Bell 1979 [5], 28. Falkener1892, 237-238. Murray1952, 82. Parlett 1999,263-254. Pritchard 2007,34. a.k.a. atlanbaj, dama,Graeco-Turkish draughts.

twelve men’s morris, fam-ily: merels. Sources: Bell1979 [5], 144. Botermanset al 1989, 106-107. Par-lett 1999, 119-120. Pritchard2007, 29. Zaslavsky 2003, 22.

twenty [the game of],twenty squares [the gameof], family: senet. Sources:Bell 1979 [5], 82. Bell 1988,15-16. Bell & Cornelius1988, 54-55. Falkener 1892,15, 91-100, 360-361. Murray1952, 16, 17-18, 23. Parlett1999, 65-66. Pusch 2007, 69-86. a.k.a. sacred way [thegame of the], tau.

twenty-six rebels, family:tiger game. See yeung luksz’kon tseung kwan.

tze-chis’, family: zohn ahl.See satill.

ufuba wa haluna, family: la-trunculi. See seega.

um el-bagara, family: man-

cala. Sources: Murray 1952,194. Zaslavsky 2003, 37-38.a.k.a. mangala.

um el banat, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,196-197.

um el tuweisat, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,194. Zaslavsky 2003, 35-36.a.k.a. mangala.

unlearned [game of the],family: mancala. See li‘b al-ghashim.

uno-alti-tashu, family: al-querque. See mogol putt’han.

uruheisho uruheso, family:mancala. See ikibuguzo.

uthi, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 199.

uugg, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 195.

vai lung thlan, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,169.

vamana guntalu, family:mancala. See chenne maneata.

vargen och faren, family:perugian game. See fox &geese.

verkeer, family: tables. Seeverquere.

verkehren, family: tables.See verquere.

verkehren utan junker,family: tables. Sources:Murray 1952, 128.

verkehrtes damenspiel[das], family: draughts. Seelosing draughts.

verquere, family: tables.Sources: Murray 1952, 127.Parlett 1999, 78-79. Strutt1903, 249. a.k.a. forko-ering, kotra, reverquur, re-vertier, svensk bradspel, ver-keer, verkehren.

volki ovtsy, family: fox &geese. See fox & geese.

vultures & crows, family:pentagram. See kaooa.

wa-wee, family: mancala.Sources: Culin 1894, 605.

wagu thinhamma, family:alquerque. Sources: deVoogt 2009, 36-39.

walak-pussa, family: man-cala. Sources: Murray 1952,172-173. Parker 1909, 597-598.

walu, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 183.

wakanpamugthae, family:draughts. See draughts.

warcaby, family: draughts.See dam.

wari, family: mancala.Sources: Anon 1989, 226-228. Bell 1979 [4], 1:116-121. Bell 1988, 61. Bell& Cornelius 1988, 28-29.Botermans et al 1989, 174-175. Botermans 2008, 351-364. Grunfeld 1975, 20-24.Loader & Loader 1993, 143-145. Murray 1952, 181-182, 185. Parker 1909,600-601. Parlett 1999,209-210. Pritchard 1982,113-117. Pritchard 2007,18. Provenzo & Provenzo1990, 115-118. Sheppard &Wilkinson 2000, 6. Walker2014, 111-126. a.k.a. aghi,awele, ayo, ayoayo, kale,woro.

wari, family: dara. Sources:Murray 1952, 49. Parlett1999, 123.

wari, family: mancala. Seewarre.

warre, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 184.a.k.a. wari.

wash’kasi, family: zohn ahl.Sources: Culin 1907, 123-124. Murray 1952, 155.

wasokuts, family: zohn ahl.

34

See owasokotz.wayrusitha. See pisca.wei-ch’i, wei-qi. See go.whyo, family: mancala.

Sources: Bell 1979 [4], 2:77f. Murray 1952, 186.

wolo, family: mancala. Seeaware.

wooden canes, family: zohnahl. See tasholiwe.

wora, family: mancala. Seeaware.

woro, family: mancala.Sources: Murray 1952, 182.

woro, family: mancala. Seewari.

xiang qi, xiangqi, family:chess. Sources: Bell 1979 [4],1:66-68. Bell 1979 [5], 24-25.Bell 1980, 26-27. Bell 1988,33-34. Botermans 2008,211-234. Culin 1896, 863-866. Falkener 1892, 143-155.Forbes 1860, 275-283. Grun-feld 1975, 71-76. Murray

1913, 121-134. Parlett 1999,288-290. Pritchard 1982,188-196. Pritchard 2007, 52-57. Walker 2014, 141-164.a.k.a. Chinese chess, choo-hong-ki, siang k’i, tseung-k’.

xuki. See chuki.yakamaido, family: merels.

See nine men’s morris.yasasukari musashi, family:

tiger game. Sources: Mur-ray 1952, 99-100. Culin1895b, 77. a.k.a. jurokumusashi, soldiers’ eight-wayhunt [the].

yeung luk sz’kon tseungkwan, family: tiger game.Sources: Botermans et al1989, 150. Culin 1896, 875.Murray 1952, 101. Par-lett 1999, 193. Provenzo& Provenzo 1990, 179-182.a.k.a. Chinese rebel game,twenty-six rebels.

yih, family: merels. See three

men’s morris.yote, family: yote. Sources:

Bell 1988, 41. Grunfeld 1975,91. Sheppard & Wilkinson2000, 32.

yut. See nyout.zamma, family: alquerque.

Sources: Bell 1979 [5], 148-149. Botermans et al 1989,118. Murray 1952, 69. Par-lett 1999, 246. a.k.a. srand.

zamma, family: alquerque.See alquerque.

zirge, family: merels.Sources: Parlett 1999, 112.

zohn ahl. Sources: Bell 1979[4], 1:4-5. Bell 1979 [5],36-37. Bell 1988, 154-155.Culin 1896, 687-805. Culin1907, 124-127. Murray 1952,154-155. Parlett 1999, 38-40.a.k.a. ahl game [the].

zsetilth’, family: zohn ahl.See satill.

35