286

Bibliography

Primary Sources

Agathias, The Histories, ed. and trans. J. D. Frendo (Berlin, 1975)

Ambrose of Milan, Political Letters and Speeches, trans. J. H. W. G. Liebeschuetz

(Liverpool, 2005)

Ambrose of Milan, Sancti Ambrosii Opera, pars Decima: Epistulae et Acta, ed. O.

Faller, CSEL 82, part 10 (Vienna, 1968)

Ambrose of Milan, Select Works and Letters, ed. and trans. H. de Romestin, NPNF

series II, vol. 10 (Michigan, 1955)

Ammianus Marcellinus, Res Gestae, ed. J. C. Rolfe (Cambridge, Massachussets, 3 vols,

1939-1950)

Athanasius of Alexandria, Apologia ad Constantium, in Select Works and Letters, ed.

and trans. A. Robertson, NPNF series II, vol. 4 (Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1971), pp.

236-53

Athanasius of Alexandria, Apologia Contra Arianos, in Select Works and Letters, ed.

and trans. A. Robertson, NPNF series II, vol. 4 (Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1971), pp. 97-

148

Athanasius of Alexandria, Apologia de Fuga, in Select Works and Letters, ed. and trans.

A. Robertson, NPNF series II, vol. 4 (Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1971), pp. 254-65

Athanasius of Alexandria, Historia Acephala, in Select Works and Letters, ed. and trans.

A. Robertson, NPNF series II, vol. 4 (Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1971), pp. 495-9

Athanasius of Alexandria, Historia Arianorum, in Select Works and Letters, ed. and

trans. A. Robertson, NPNF series II, vol. 4 (Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1971), pp. 266-

302

Augustine of Hippo, The Confessions of Augustine, ed. W. Watts (Cambridge,

Massachussetts, 2 vols, 1946)

Augustine of Hippo, Epistulae, ed. J. -P. Migne, PL 33, pp. 1-1093 (Paris, 1845)

Ausonius, trans. H. G. Evelyn-White (London, 2 vols, 1919-1921)

Auspicius of Toul, Letter to Arbogast, trans. R. W. Mathisen, in People, Personal

Expression, and Social Relations in Late Antiquity (Grand Rapids, Michigan, in 2 vols.,

2003), pp. 34-8

Avitus of Vienne, Letters and Selected Prose, ed. D. Shanzer and I. Wood (Liverpool,

2002)

287

Beyer, H., Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke

Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien I (Koblenz, 1860)

Bibliotheca Hagiographica Latina Antiquae et Mediae Aetatis (Brussels, 2 vols, 1898-

1901)

Blockley, R. C. (ed. and trans.), The Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later

Roman Empire: Eunapius, Olympiodorus, Priscus, and Malchus (Liverpool, in 2 vols,

1981-3)

Burgess, R. W. (ed. and trans.), The Chronicle of Hydatius and the Consularia

Constantinopolitana: Two Contemporary Accounts of the Final Years of the Roman

Empire (Oxford, 1993)

Carmen ad Uxorem: Carmen I, ed. G. de Hartel, CSEL 30, S. Pontii Meropii Paulini

Nolani Opera II (Vienna, 1894), pp. 344-8

Carmen de Providentia Dei, ed. J. –P. Migne, PL 51 (Paris, 1861), columns 617-38

Cassiodorus, Chronica, ed. T. Mommsen, MGH AA XI (Berlin, 1894), pp. 109-61

Cassiodorus, Variae, ed. T. Mommsen, MGH AA XII (Berlin, 1894)

Catalogi Episcoporum Mettensium, ed. O. Holder-Egger, MGH SS XIII (Hannover,

1881), pp. 303-7

Claudian, trans. M. Platnauer (London, 2 vols, 1922)

Claudian, De Bello Gothico, ed. T. Birt, MGH AA X (Berlin, 1892), pp. 259-83

Coleman-Norton, P. R., Roman State and Christian Church: A Collection of Legal

Documents to AD 535 (London, 1966)

Concilia Galliae a. 314 – a. 506, ed. C. Munier, CCSL 148 (Turnhout, 1963)

Concilia Galliae a. 511 – a. 69, ed. C. Le Clercq, CCSL 148A (Turnhout, 1963)

Concilia aevi Merovingici, ed. F. Maassen, MGH Conc. I (Hannover, 1893)

Consularia Italica, ed. T. Mommsen, MGH AA IX (Hannover, 1892)

Diplomata Karolinorum I: Pippin, Karlmann und Karl der Grosse, ed. E. Mühlbacher,

MGH DD Kar. I (Berlin, 1906)

Duchesne, L., Fastes Episcopaux de l’Ancienne Gaule (Paris, in 3 vols, 1907-15)

Epistulae Arelatenses genuinae, ed. W. Gundlach, MGH Epp. III, 1 (Berlin, 1892)

Epistulae Austrasicae, ed. W. Gundlach, MGH Epp. III, 3 (Berlin, 1892)

288

Epistulae Imperatorum Pontificum aliorum inde ab a. CCCLXVII usque ad a. DLIII

Datae: Avellana quae dicitur Collectio, ed. O. Günther, CSEL 35, 1-2 (Vienna, 1895-8)

Eusebius, Church History, Life of Constantine the Great, and Oration in Praise of

Constantine, ed. and trans. A. C. McGiffert, NPNF, Series II, vol. 1 (Grand Rapids,

Michigan, 1952)

Expositio Totius Mundi et Gentium, ed. and trans. J. Rougé, Sources Chrétiennes 124

(Paris, 1966)

Fredegar, Chronicarum quae dicuntur Fredegarii Scholastici, ed. B. Krusch, MGH

SSRM II (Hannover, 1888), pp. 1-193

Fredegar, The Fourth Book of the Chronicle of Fredegar with its Continuations, ed. and

trans. J. M. Wallace-Hadrill (London, 1960)

The Gallic Chronicle of 452 and The Gallic Chronicle of 511, in Chronica Gallica, ed.

T. Mommsen, MGH AA IX (Berlin, 1882), pp. 615-66

Gesta Treverorum, ed. G. Waitz, MGH SS VIII (Hannover, 1848), pp. 111-260

Gregory of Tours, Glory of the Confessors, trans. R. Van Dam (Liverpool, 1988)

Gregory of Tours, Glory of the Martyrs, trans. R. Van Dam (Liverpool, 1988)

Gregory of Tours, History of the Franks, trans. L. Thorpe (London, 1974)

Gregory of Tours, Libri Historiarum, ed. B. Krusch, MGH SSRM I, 1 (Hannover, 1951)

Gregory of Tours, Libri in Gloria Confessorum, ed. B. Krusch, MGH SSRM I, 2, 8

(Hannover, 1885), pp. 294-370

Gregory of Tours, Life of the Fathers, trans. E. James (Liverpool, 1985)

Gregory of Tours, The Miracles of the Bishop St Martin, ed. R. Van Dam, in Saints and

their Miracles in Late Antique Gaul (Princeton, 1993), pp. 199-318

Hydatius, Chronica, ed. T. Mommsen, MGH AA XI (Berlin, 1894), pp. 1-36

Jerome, Select Letters, trans. F. A. Wright (Cambridge, Mass. and London, 1933)

Jerome, Letters and Select Works, ed. and trans. W. H. Fremantle, NPNF series II, vol.

6 (Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1968)

Jerome, Chronicon, ed. R. Helm, Eusebius Werke, Band VII: Die Chronik des

Hieronymus. Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten Jahrhunderte

(Berlin, 1956)

Jordanes, The Origins and Deeds of the Goths, ed. C. Mierow (Princeton, 1908)

289

Julian the Apostate, The Works of the Emperor Julian, trans. W. C. Wright (London, 3

vols, 1913-1923)

Lactantius, Of the Manner in which the Persecutors Died, ed. and trans. A. Cleveland

Cox, in Fathers of the Third and Fourth Centuries: Lactantius, Venantius, Asterius,

Victorinus, Dionysus, Apostolic Teachings and Constitutions, Homily and Liturgies,

ANF vol. 7 (Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1970), pp. 301-22

Lee, A. D., Pagans and Christians in Late Antiquity: A Sourcebook (London, 2000)

Liber Historiae Francorum, ed. B. Krusch, MGH SSRM II (Hannover, 1888), pp. 215-

328

Lupus of Ferrières, Vita Maximini Episcopi Trevirensis, ed. B. Krusch, MGH SSRM III

(Hannover, 1896), pp. 71-82

Merobaudes, Panegyric II, ed. F. Vollmer, MGH AA XIV (Berlin, 1905), pp. 11-18

Murray, A. C., From Roman to Merovingian Gaul: A Reader (Peterborough, Ontario,

2000)

Nixon, C. E. V. and Rodgers, B. S. (ed. and trans.), with the Latin text of R. A. B.

Mynors, In Praise of Later Roman Emperors: The Panegyrici Latini (Berkeley, 1994)

Notitia Dignitatum: accedunt Notitia urbis Constantinopolitanae et laterculi

provinciarum, ed. O. Seeck (Berlin, 1876)

Optatus of Mileve, Against the Donatists, ed. and trans. M. Edwards (Liverpool, 1997)

Orientius, Commonitorium, ed. R. Ellis, in Poetae Christiani Minores I, CSEL 16

(Vienna, 1888) pp. 205-43

Orosius, Seven Books of History Against the Pagans, ed. and trans. A. Fear (Liverpool,

2010)

Procopius, ed. and trans. H. B. Dewing (London, in 6 vols., 1916)

Prosper of Aquitaine, Epitoma Chronicon, ed. T. Mommsen, MGH AA IX (Hannover,

1892), pp. 341-500

Rufinus of Aquileia, The Church History of Rufinus of Aquileia, ed. and trans. P. R.

Amidon (Oxford, 1997)

Rupert of Deutz, De Incendio Oppidi Tuitii sua Aetate Viso Liber Aureos, ed. J.-P.

Migne, PL 170 (Paris, 1854)

Rupert of Deutz, Vita Heriberti, ed. P. Dinter, ‘Rupert von Deutz, Vita Heriberti:

Kritische Edition mit Kommentar und Untersuchungen’, Verӧffentlichungen des

historischen Vereins für den Niederrhein 13 (1976)

290

Salvian of Marseilles, On the Government of God and Letters, trans. E. M. Sanford

(New York, 1930)

Salvian of Marseilles, Salviani Epistolae, ed. C. Halm, MGH AA I, 1 (Berlin, 1877), pp.

108-68

Sancti Paulini Epigramma, ed. C. Schenkl, in Poetae Christiani Minores I, CSEL 16

(Vienna, 1888), pp. 499-508

De Sancto Felice Archiepiscopo Trevirensi, AA SS Mart. III (Antwerp, 1668), pp. 622-5

Series Archiepiscoporum Coloniensium, ed. O. Holder-Egger, MGH SS XIII (Hannover,

1881), pp. 282-7

Series Archiepiscoporum Treverensium, ed. O. Holder-Egger, MGH SS XIII (Hannover,

1881), pp. 296-301

Sidonius Apollinaris, Poems and Letters, ed. and trans. W. B. Anderson (Cambridge,

Massachussetts, in 2 vols, 1936 and 1965)

Socrates Scholasticus, Ecclesiastical History, at www.newadvent.org/fathers [15

November 2012]

Sozomen, Ecclesiastical History, at www.newadvent.org/fathers [15 November 2012]

Sulpicius Severus, Sacred History, in Sulpitius Severus, Vincent of Lerins and John

Cassian, ed. and trans. A. Roberts, NPNF series II, vol. 11 (Grand Rapids, Michigan,

1964)

Symmachus, Lettres, ed. and trans. J. –P. Callu (Paris, in 4 vols, 1972-2002)

Tacitus, On Britain and Germany, ed. and trans. H. Mattingly (Middlesex, 1948)

Tacitus, Agricola, Germania, Dialogus, trans. Hutton et al (Cambridge, Massachussetts,

and London, 1970)

The Theodosian Code and Novels and the Sirmondian Constitutions, ed. and trans. C.

Pharr (Princeton, 1952)

Theoderet, Ecclesiastical History, at www.newadvent.org/fathers [15 November 2012]

Venantius Fortunatus, De Nicetio episcopo Treverensi, in Opera Poetica, ed. F. Leo,

MGH AA IV, 1 (Hannover, 1881), pp. 63-4

Venantius Fortunatus, Item de Castello eiusdem super Mosella, in Opera Poetica, ed. F.

Leo, MGH AA IV, 1 (Hannover, 1881), pp. 64-5

Venantius Fortunatus, De Pontifice Carentino Coloniae, in Opera Poetica, ed. F. Leo,

MGH AA IV, 1 (Hannover, 1881), pp. 67-8

291

Venantius Fortunatus, Personal and Political Poems, ed. J. George (Liverpool, 1995)

Vita S. Paulini ep. Treverensis, II, 13-16, AA SS Aug. VI (Antwerp, 1743), pp. 668-76

Vita SS. Eucharii, Valerii et Materni, AA SS Ian. II (Antwerp, 1643), pp. 918-22

Vita Genovefae Virginis Parisiensis, ed. B. Krusch, MGH SSRM III (Hannover, 1896),

pp. 204-38

Wandalbert of Prüm, Vita Goaris Confessoris Rhenani, ed. B. Krusch, MGH SSRM IV

(Hannover, 1902), pp. 402-423

Zosimus: New History, trans. R.T. Ridley (Sydney, 2006)

Pope Zosimus, Letters, ed. J. –P. Migne, PL 20 (Paris, 1845)

Secondary Sources: Books

Anton, H. H., Trier im frühen Mittelalter (Paderborn, 1987)

Babut, E.-C., Le Concile de Turin. Essai sur l’histoire des Églises provençales au Vᵉ

siècle et sur les origins de la monarchie ecclésiastique romaine (417-450) (Paris, 1904)

Baldovin, J. F., The Urban Character of Christian Worship (Rome, 1987)

Barley, M. W. (ed.), European Towns: Their Archeology and Early History (London,

1977)

Barnes, T. D., Ammianus Marcellinus and the Representation of Historical Reality

(Ithaca, 1998)

Bechert, T., Rӧmisches Germanien zwischen Rhein und Maas, die Provinz Germania

Inferior (Munich, 1982)

Bekker-Nielsen, T., The Geography of Power: Studies in the Urbanisation of Roman

North West Europe. BAR International Series 477 (Oxford, 1989)

Binding, G., and Lӧhr, B., Kleine Kӧlner Baugeschichte (Cologne, 1978)

Binsfeld, A., Vivas in Deo: Die Graffiti der Frühchristlichen Kirchenanlage in Trier:

Trierer Domgrabung 5 (Trier, 2006)

Birley, A., The Roman Government of Britain (Oxford, 2005)

Bӧhner, K., Die Frӓnkischen Altertümer des Trierer Landes (Berlin, in 2 vols, 1958)

Bowersock, G. W. et al (eds), Interpreting Late Antiquity: Essays on the Postclassical

World (Cambridge, MA, 2001)

292

Bowersock, G. W., Julian the Apostate (London, 1978)

Brogiolo, G. P., Brescia Altomedievale: Urbanistica ed Edilizia dal IV al IX Secolo

(Mantua, 1993)

Brogiolo, G. P. et al (eds), Towns and their Territories between late Antiquity and the

early Middle Ages (Leiden, 2000)

Brogiolo, G. P., and Ward-Perkins, B. (eds), The Idea and Ideal of the Town between

Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Leiden, 1999)

Brown, P. R. L., Augustine of Hippo: A Biography (London, 1967)

Brown, P. R. L., Authority and the Sacred (Cambridge, 1995)

Brown, P. R. L., The Cult of the Saints: its Rise and Function in Late Antiquity

(London, 1981)

Brown, P. R. L., The Making of Late Antiquity (Cambridge, Mass. and London, 1999)

Brown, P. R. L., The Rise of Western Christendom (Oxford, 2003)

Browning, R., The Emperor Julian (London, 1975)

Brühl, C., Palatium und Civitas: Studien zur Profantopographie spӓtantiker Civitates

vom 3. bis zum 13. Jahrhundert. Band II: Belgica I, beide Germanien und Raetia II

(Cologne, 1990)

Bunjes, H., et al, Die Kirchlichen Denkmӓler der Stadt Trier mit Ausnahme des Domes,

Kunstdenkmӓler der Rheinprovinz 13, 3 (Düsseldorf, 1938)

Burns, T. S., Barbarians within the Gates of Rome: A Study of Roman Military Policy

and the Barbarians, ca.375-425 A.D. (Indianapolis, 1994)

Burns, T. S. and Eadie, J. W. (eds), Urban Centres and Rural Contexts in Late Antiquity

(Michigan, 2001)

Cameron, A. and Garnsey, P. (eds), Cambridge Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998)

Cameron, A. et al (eds), Cambridge Ancient History XIV (Cambridge, 2000)

Cameron, A., The Later Roman Empire (London, 1993)

Cameron, A., The Mediterranean World in Late Antiquity (London, 1993)

Carroll, M., Romans, Celts and Germans: The German Provinces of Rome (Stroud,

2001)

Carver, M. O. H., Arguments in Stone: Archaeological Research and the European

293

Town in the First Millennium (Oxford, 1994)

Casiday, A., and Norris, F. W. (eds), Cambridge History of Christianity (Cambridge,

2007)

Chadwick, H., Priscillian of Avila: The Occult and the Charismatic in the Early Church

(Oxford, 1976)

Christie, N. (ed.), Landscapes of Change: Rural Evolutions in Late Antiquity and the

Early Middle Ages (Aldershot, 2004)

Christie, N., and Loseby, S. T. (eds), Towns in Transition: Urban Evolution in Late

Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Aldershot, 1996)

Chrysos, E., and Schwarcz, A. (eds), Das Reich und die Barbaren (Vienna, 1989)

Clark, G., Christianity and Roman Society (Cambridge, 2004)

Clemens, G. and Clemens, L., Geschichte der Stadt Trier (Munich, 2007)

Creighton, J. D., and Wilson, R.J.A. (eds), Roman Germany: Studies in Cultural

Interaction (Portsmouth, Rhode Island, 1999)

Crook, J., The Architectural Setting of the Cult of the Saints in the Early Christian West

(Oxford, 2000)

Cüppers, H. (ed.) Die Rӧmer in Rheinland-Pfalz (Stuttgart, 1990)

Cüppers, H., et al (eds), Die Rӧmer an Mosel und Saar (Mainz, 1983)

Demandt, A., and Engemann, J. (eds), Konstantin der Grosse: Ausstellungskatalog

(Mainz, 2007)

Demougeot, E., La Formation de l’Europe et les Invasions Barbares (Paris, in 2 vols,

1979)

Dey, H., The Aurelian Wall and the Refashioning of Imperial Rome (Cambridge, 2011)

Doehaerd, R., The Early Middle Ages in the West: Economy and Society (Amsterdam,

1978)

Doppelfeld, O., Der Unterirdische Dom (1948)

Doppelfeld, O., and Weyres, W., Die Ausgrabungen im Dom zu Kӧln (Mainz, 1980)

Drake, H. A., Violence in Late Antiquity: Perceptions and Practices (Aldershot, 2006)

Drauschke, J. et al, Untergang und Neuanfang: Tagungsbeitrӓge der

Arbeitsgemeinschaft Spӓtantike und Frühmittelalter 3 und 4 (Hamburg, 2011)

294

Drinkwater, J. F., The Alamanni and Rome 213-496 (Caracalla to Clovis) (Oxford,

2007)

Drinkwater, J. F., The Gallic empire: separatism and continuity in the North-Western

provinces of the Roman Empire, A.D.260-274 (Wiesbaden, 1987)

Drinkwater, J. F., Roman Gaul (London, 1983)

Drinkwater, J. F., and Elton, H. (eds.), Fifth Century Gaul: A Crisis of Identity?

(Cambridge, 1992)

Duncan-Jones, R., The Economy of the Roman Empire: Quantitative Studies

(Cambridge, 1974)

Duncan-Jones, R., Structure and Scale in the Roman Economy (Cambridge, 1990)

Eck, W., Kӧln in rӧmischer Zeit: Geschichte einer Stadt im Rahmen des Imperium

Romanum (Cologne, 2004)

Elbe, J. v., Roman Germany: A Guide to Sites and Museums (Mainz, 1977)

Elton, H., Frontiers of the Roman Empire (London, 1996)

Erdkamp, P. (ed.)., The Roman Army and the Economy (Amsterdam, 2002)

Errington, R. M., Roman Imperial Policy from Julian to Theodosius (North Carolina,

2006)

Esmonde Cleary, A. S., The Ending of Roman Britain (London, 1989)

Esmonde Cleary, A. S., The Roman West, AD 200-500: An Archaeological Study

(Cambridge, 2013)

Ewig, E., Rheinische Geschichte I, 2 (Düsseldorf, 1980)

Ewig, E. (ed.), Spӓtantikes und Frӓnkisches Gallien (Munich, 3 vols, 1976-1979)

Ewig, E., Trier im Merowingerreich. Civitas, Stadt, Bistum (Trier, 1954)

Ferris, I. M., Enemies of Rome: Barbarians through Roman Eyes (Stroud, 2000)

Finley, M. I., The Ancient Economy (London, 1973)

Fouracre, P. (ed.), The New Cambridge Medieval History I: c. 500 - c. 700 (Cambridge,

2005)

Francovich, R., and Hodges, R. (eds), Villa to Village: The Transformation of the

Roman Countryside in Italy, c.400-1000 (London, 2003)

Fremersdorf, F., Neue Ausgrabungen in Deutschland (Berlin, 1958)

295

Fremersdorf, F., Neue Beitrӓge zur Topographie des rӧmischen Kӧln (Berlin, 1950)

Fuchs, R., Inschriften der Stadt Trier I: bis 1500 (Wiesbaden, 2006)

Fussbroich, H., Die Ausgrabungen in St Pantaleon zu Kӧln (Mainz, 1983)

Galsterer, B. and H., Die Rӧmischen Steininschriften aus Kӧln (Cologne, 1975)

Garnsey, P. and Saller, R., The Roman Empire: Economy, Society, Culture (London,

1987)

Gauthier, N., L’évangélisation des pays de la Moselle: La province romaine de

Première Belgique entre Antiquité et Moyen-Age (IIIe-VIIIe siècles) (Paris, 1980)

Gauthier, N., Topographie chrétienne des cités de la Gaule: des origins au milieu du

VIIIe siècle, 1. Province ecclesiastique de Treves (Belgica Prima) (Paris, 1986)

Gauthier, N. et al, Topographie chrétienne des cités de la Gaule: des origines au

milieu du VIIIe siècle, 12. Province ecclésiastique de Cologne (Germania Secunda)

(Paris, 2002)

Gauthier, N. and Marrou, H. (eds), Recueil des Inscriptions Chrétiennes de la Gaule

antérieures à la Renaissance Carolingienne (Paris, 1975)

Geary, P., Before France and Germany (Oxford, 1988)

Ghetta, M., Spӓtantikes Heidentum: Trier und das Trevererland (Trier, 2008)

Gierlich, E., Die Grabstӓtten der rheinischen Bischӧfe vor 1200 (Mainz, 1990)

Godman, P., Poets and Emperors: Frankish Politics and Carolingian Poetry (Oxford,

1987)

Goethert, K.-P. and Weber, W. (eds), Rӧmerbauten in Trier: Porta Nigra,

Amphitheater, Barbarathermen, Thermen am Viehmarkt, Kaiserthermen (Regensburg,

2010)

Goetz, H.-W. et al (eds), Regna and Gentes: The Relationship between Late Antique

and Early Medieval Peoples and Kingdoms in the Transformation of the Roman World

(Leiden, 2003)

Goffart, W., Barbarian Tides: The Migration Age and the Later Roman Empire

(Pennsylvania, 2006)

Goffart, W., Barbarians and Romans: The Techniques of Accommodation, A.D. 418-

584 (Princeton, 1980)

Goffart, W., Rome’s Fall and After (London, 1989)

296

Goodson, C. et al (eds), Cities, Texts and Social Networks, 400-1500: Experiences and

Perceptions of Medieval Urban Space (Farnham, 2010)

Gose, E., Katalog der frühchristlichen Inschriften in Trier (Berlin, 1958)

Gose, E., Die Porta Nigra in Trier (Berlin, 1969)

Greene, K., The Archaeology of the Roman Economy (London, 1986)

Grimal, P., Roman Cities / Les Villes Romaines (Madison, Wisconsin, 1983)

Grünewald, T. (ed.), Germania Inferior: Besiedlung, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft an der

Grenze der rӧmisch-germanischen Welt (Berlin, 2001)

Halsall, G., Barbarian Migrations and the Roman West (Cambridge, 2007)

Halsall, G., Cemeteries and Society in Merovingian Gaul: Selected Studies in History

and Archaeology, 1992-2009 (Leiden, 2010)

Halsall, G., Settlement and Social Organisation: The Merovingian Region of Metz

(Cambridge, 1995)

Halsall, G., Warfare and Society in the Barbarian West, 450-900 (London, 2003)

Hamerow, H., Early Medieval Settlements: The Archaeology of Rural Communities in

Northwest Europe, 400-900 (Oxford, 2002)

Handley, M. A., Death, Society and Culture: Inscriptions and Epitaphs in Gaul and

Spain, AD 300-750 (Oxford, 2003)

Heather, P., The Fall of the Roman Empire (London, 2005)

Hegel, E., St Kolumba in Kӧln (Siegburg, 1996)

Heinzelmann, M., Bischofsherrschaft in Gallien (Munich, 1976)

Heinen, H., Frühchristliches Trier: Von den Anfängen bis zur Völkerwanderung (Trier,

1996)

Heinen, H., Trier und das Trevererland in rӧmischer Zeit: 2000 Jahre Trier, Band I

(Trier, 1985)

Heinen, H. et al (eds), Im Umbruch der Kulturen: Spӓtantike und Frühmittelalter.

Geschichte des Bistums Trier, Band I (Trier, 2003)

Hellenkemper, H. (ed.), Archӓologie in Nordrhein-Westfalen: Geschichte im Herzen

Europas (Cologne, 1990)

Heyen, F. -J., Das Stift St Paulin zu Trier (Berlin, 1972)

297

Hillier, B. and Hanson, J., The Social Logic of Space (Cambridge, 1984)

Hirschfeld, O., Inscriptiones Belgicae, CIL XIII, pars I, fasc. 2 (Berlin, 1904)

Hodges, R., Dark Age Economics: The Origins of Towns and Trade AD 600-1000

(London, 1982)

Hodges, R., and Bowden, W. (eds), The Sixth Century: Production, Distribution and

Demand (Leiden, 1998)

Horn, H. G. (ed.), Die Rӧmer in Nordrhein-Westfalen, (Stuttgart, 1987)

Howard Johnston, J., and Hayward, P. A. (eds), The Cult of the Saints in Late Antiquity

and the Early Middle Ages (Oxford, 1999)

Humphrey, J. H., Roman Circuses: Arenas for Chariot Racing (London, 1986)

Innes, M., State and Society in the Early Middle Ages: The Middle Rhine Valley, 400 –

1000 (Cambridge, 2000)

Irsch, N., Der Dom zu Trier (Kunstdenkmӓler der Rheinprovinz 13, 1, Düsseldorf,

1931)

James, E., The Franks (Oxford, 1988)

James, E., The Origins of France: From Clovis to the Capetians (London, 1982)

James, J. E., Early Christian Cathedral Architecture in Trier (Indiana, 1993)

Jankuhn, H. et al (eds), Vor- und Frühformen der Europӓischen Stadt im Mittelalter I

(Gӧttingen, 1973)

Johnson, S., Late Roman Fortifications (London, 1983)

Jones, A. H. M., The Decline of the Ancient World (London, 1966)

Jones, A. H. M., The Later Roman Empire, 284-602 (Oxford, 1964)

Jones, A. H. M., The Roman Economy: Studies in Ancient Economic and Administrative

History (Oxford, 1974)

Jones, A. H. M. and Martindale, J. R. (eds), Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire

(Cambridge, in 3 vols, 1970-1992)

Kaiser, R. (ed.), Die Franken: Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 2 vols,

1996)

Kelly, G., Ammianus Marcellinus: The Allusive Historian (Cambridge, 2008)

Kelly, J. N. D., Jerome: His Life, Writings and Controversies (London,1975)

298

Kentenich, G., Geschichte der Stadt Trier von ihrer Gründung bis zur Gegenwart

(Trier, 1915)

King, A., Roman Gaul and Germany (London, 1990)

Klingshirn, W., Caesarius of Arles: The Making of a Christian Community (Cambridge,

1994)

Knight, J. K., The End of Antiquity: Archaeology, Society and Religion, AD 235-700

(Stroud, 1999)

Kӧnig, M. (ed.), Palatia: Kaiserpalӓste in Konstantinopel, Ravenna und Trier (Trier,

2003)

Kramer, K., Die frühchristlichen Grabinschriften Triers (Mainz, 1974)

Krause, J.-U., and Witschel, C. (eds), Die Stadt in der Spӓtantike - Niedergang oder

Wandel? (Stuttgart, 2006)

Krautheimer, R., Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture (Middlesex, 1979)

Krautheimer, R., Three Christian Capitals: Topography and Politics (Berkeley, 1983)

Krencker, D., et al, Die Trierer Kaiserthermen, Abteilung I: Ausgrabungsbericht und

grundsӓtzliche Untersuchungen rӧmischer Thermen (Augsburg, 1929)

Krüger, K. H., Kӧnigsgrabkirchen der Franken, Angelsachsen und Langobarden bis zur

Mitte des 8. Jahrhunderts (Munich, 1971)

Kuhnen, H.P. (ed.), Das romische Trier (Stuttgart, 2001)

Kulikowski, M., Rome’s Gothic Wars: From the Third Century to Alaric (Cambridge,

2007)

LaBaume, P., The Romans on the Rhine (Bonn, 1972)

LaTouche, R., The Birth of the Western Economy: Economic Aspects of the Dark Ages

(London, 1967)

Laurence, R., Roman Pompeii: Space and Society (Oxford, 2007)

Lavan, L. (ed.), Recent Research in Late Antique Urbanism (Portsmouth, Rhode Island,

2001)

Lavan, L. and Bowden, W., Theory and Practice in Late Antique Archaeology (Leiden,

2003)

Levison, W., Aus rheinischer und frӓnkischer Frühzeit (Düsseldorf, 1948)

Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G., Barbarians and Bishops (Oxford, 1991)

299

Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G., The Decline and Fall of the Roman City (Oxford, 2001)

Limmer, J., Konzilen und Synoden im Spӓtantiken Gallien (Frankfurt, 2004)

MacGeorge, P., Late Roman Warlords (Oxford, 2002)

MacMullen, R., Christianising the Roman Empire (New Haven and London, 1984)

MacMullen, R., Christianity and Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries (New

Haven and London, 1997)

MacMullen, R., Solder and Civilian in the Later Roman Empire (Cambridge,

Massachussetts, 1963)

Maenchen-Helfen, O., The World of the Huns: Studies in their History and Culture

(London, 1973)

Maloney, J. and Hobley, B. (eds), Roman Urban Defences in the West (London, 1983)

Markus, R., Christianity in the Roman World (London, 1974)

Mathisen, R. W., Ecclesiastical Factionalism and Religious Controversy in fifth-century

Gaul (Washington, D.C., 1989)

Mathisen, R. W., Roman Aristocrats in Barbarian Gaul: Strategies for Survival in an

Age of Transition (Austin, Texas, 1993)

Mathisen R. W. and Shanzer, D. (eds), Society and Culture in Late Antique Gaul

(Aldershot, 2001)

Mathisen, R. W. and Sivan, H. S. (eds) Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity (Aldershot,

1996)

Matthews, J., The Roman Empire of Ammianus Marcellinus (London, 1989)

Matthews, J., Western Aristocracies and the Imperial Court (Oxford, 1975)

McCormick, M., Origins of the European Economy: Communications and Commerce,

AD. 300-900 (Cambridge, 2001)

McLynn, N., Ambrose of Milan: Church and Court in a Christian Capital (Berkeley,

1994)

Merten, H., Katalog der frühchristlichen Inschriften des Bischӧflichen Dom- und

Diӧzesanmuseums Trier (Trier, 1990)

Merten, H. et al, Die Trierer Domgrabung. Die Ausgrabungen auf dem Domfreihof

(Nordwest-Bereich) (Regensburg, in 2 vols, 2009)

300

Merten, H. et al, Die Trierer Domgrabung. Die Ausgrabungen in der Kurie von der

Leyen und der Liebfrauenkirche (Südwest-Bereich) (Regensburg, in 2 vols, 2009)

Mitchell, K., and Wood, I. (eds), The World of Gregory of Tours (Leiden, 2002)

Mitchell, S., A History of the Later Roman Empire (Oxford, 2007)

Momigliano, A. (ed.), The Conflict between Paganism and Christianity in the Fourth

Century (Oxford, 1963)

Mommsen, Th. et al, Inscriptiones Germaniae Inferioris. Miliaria Galliarum et

Germaniarum, CIL XIII, pars II, fasc. 2 (Berlin, 1907)

Neuss, W., and Ӧdiger, F. -W. (eds), Das Bistum Kӧln von den Anfӓngen bis zum Ende

des 12. Jahrhunderts (Cologne, 1964)

Neyses, A., Die Baugeschichte der ehemaligen Reichsabtei St Maximin (Trier, 2001)

Niemeyer-Tewes, M., Das Dekagon von St Gereon (Cologne, 2000)

Noble, T. F. X. (ed.), From Roman Provinces to Medieval Kingdoms (New York and

London, 2006)

O’Flynn, J. M., Generalissimos of the Western Roman Empire (Edmonton, Alberta,

1983)

Ӧdiger, F. W., Die Regesten der Erzbischӧfen von Kӧln im Mittelalter (Bonn, 1954)

Owens, E. J., The City in the Greek and Roman World (London, 1991)

Pӓffgen, B., Die Ausgrabungen in St Severin zu Kӧln (Mainz, 3 vols, 1992)

Palanque, Essai sur la Préfecture du Prétoire du Bas-Empire (Paris, 1933)

Parker-Pearson, M. and Richards, C. (eds), Architecture and Order: Approaches to

Social Space (London, 1994)

Peacock, D. P. S., and Williams, D. F., Amphorae and the Roman Economy: An

Introductory Guide (New York, 1986)

Percival, J., The Roman Villa (London, 1976)

Petrikovits, H. von, Das rӧmische Rheinland. Archӓologische Forschungen seit 1945

(Cologne, 1960)

Petrikovits, H. von, Rheinische Geschichte I (Düsseldorf, 1978)

Piekalski, J., Von Kӧln nach Krakau: Der Topographische Wandel früher Stӓdte (Bonn,

2001)

301

Pirenne, H., Medieval Cities (Princeton, 1925)

Pohl, W., Die Vӧlkerwanderung: Eroberung und Integration (Stuttgart, 2002)

Potter, D. S., The Roman Empire at Bay: AD 180-395 (London, 2004)

Potter, T. W., Towns in Late Antiquity (Sheffield, 1995)

Prinz, F., Frühes Mӧnchtum im Frankenreich (Munich, 1975)

Rapp, C., Holy Bishops in Late Antiquity (Berkeley, 2005)

Reusch, W. (ed.), Die Basilika in Trier: Festschrift zur Wiederherstellung 9. Dezember

1956 (Trier, 1956)

Reusch, W. (ed.), Frühchristliche Zeugnisse im Einzugsgebiet von Rhein und Mosel

(Trier, 1965)

Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier, Festschrift 100 Jahre Rheinisches Landesmuseum

Trier: Beiträge zur Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes (Trierer Grabungen und

Forschungen 14) (Mainz, 1979)

Rheinisches Landmuseum Trier, Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier, 2005)

Rheinisches Landmuseum Trier, Trier: Kaiserresidenz und Bischofssitz (Mainz, 1984)

Rich, J. (ed.), The City in Late Antiquity (London, 1992)

Rich, J., and Wallace-Hadrill, A. (eds), City and Country in the Ancient World (London,

1991)

Riedel, M., Kӧln: Ein rӧmisches Wirtschaftszentrum (Cologne, 1982)

Ristow, S., Frühchristliche Baptisterien (Muenster, 1998)

Ristow, S., Die frühen Kirchen unter dem Kӧlner Dom (Cologne, 2002)

Ristow, S., Frühes Christentum im Rheinland (Cologne, 2007)

Ristow, S. (ed.), Neue Forschungen zu den Anfӓngen des Christentums im Rheinland

(Jahrbuch für Antike und Christentum supplementary volume, Münster, 2004)

Rosenwein, B. H., Emotional Communities in the Early Middle Ages (Ithaca, 2006)

Rostovtzeff, M. I., The Social and Economic History of the Roman Empire (Oxford,

1926)

Rousseau, P., The Early Christian Centuries (Harlow, 2002)

Roymans, N., and Theuws, F. (eds), Images of the Past: Studies on Ancient Societies in

302

North-Western Europe (Amsterdam, 1991)

Rush, A. C., Death and Burial in Christian Antiquity (Washington, 1941)

Schmidt-Bleibtreu, W., Das Stift St Severin in Kӧln (Bonn, 1980)

Schmitz, H., Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (Cologne, 1956)

Siede, M. and Schwinden, L. (eds), Inscriptiones Graecae Treverenses: Edition der

Spӓtantiken und frühchristlichen griechischen Inschriften in Trier mit Übersetzung und

Kommentar (Trier, 2012)

Simon, E., Die Konstantinischen Deckengemӓlde in Trier (Mainz, 1986)

Sivan, H. S., Ausonius of Bordeaux: Genesis of a Gallic Aristocracy (London, 1993)

Slater, T. R. (ed.), Towns in Decline AD 100-1600 (Aldershot, 2000)

Steuer, H., Die Franken in Kӧln (Cologne, 1980)

Storoni Mazzolani, L., The Idea of the City in Roman Thought (London, 1970)

Süssenbach, U., Die Stadtmauer des rӧmischen Kӧln (Cologne, 1981)

Thacker, A., and Sharpe, R. (eds), Local Saints and Local Churches in the Early

Medieval West (Oxford, 2002)

Thompson, E. A., Romans and Barbarians: The Decline of the Western Empire

(Wisconsin, 1982)

Todd, M., The Northern Barbarians 100 BC – AD 300 (Oxford, 1987)

Tougher, S., Julian the Apostate (Edinburgh, 2007)

Toynbee, J. M. C., Death and Burial in the Roman World (London, 1971)

Van Dam, R., Leadership and Community in Late Antique Gaul (Berkeley and Los

Angeles, 1985)

Van Dam, R., Saints and their Miracles in Late Antique Gaul (Princeton, 1993)

Verhulst, A., The Rise of Cities in north-west Europe (Cambridge, 1999)

Verstegen, U., Ausgrabungen und Bauforschungen in St Gereon zu Kӧln (Cologne,

2006)

Verstegen, U., St Gereon in Kӧln in rӧmischer und frühmittelalterlicher Zeit (Cologne,

1998)

Waas, M., Germanen im rӧmischen Dienst im 4. Jh. n. Chr. (Bonn, 1965)

303

Wallace-Hadrill, J. M., The Barbarian West, 400-1000 (London, 1957)

Wallace-Hadrill, J. M., The Long-haired Kings (Toronto, 1982)

Ward-Perkins, B., From Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages: Urban Building in

Northern and Central Italy, AD 300-850 (Oxford, 1984)

Ward-Perkins, B., The Fall of Rome and the End of Civilisation (Oxford, 2005)

Weber, M., The City (New York, 1958)

Weber, W., Constantinische Deckengemӓlde aus dem rӧmische Palast under dem Dom

(Trier, 1984)

Weyres, W., Die Vorgotischen Bischofskirchen in Kӧln (Cologne, 1987)

Whittaker, C. R., Frontiers of the Roman Empire (Baltimore, 1997)

Whittaker, C. R., Land, City and Trade in the Roman Empire (Aldershot, 1993)

Whittaker, C. R., Rome and its Frontiers: The Dynamics of Empire (London, 2004)

Wickham, C., Framing the Early Middle Ages: Europe and the Mediterranean, 400-800

(Oxford, 2005)

Wickham, C., The Inheritance of Rome (London, 2009)

Wightman, E. M., Gallia Belgica (Berkeley, 1985)

Wightman, E. M., Roman Trier and the Treveri (London, 1970)

Williams, S., Diocletian and the Roman Recovery (London, 1985)

von Wilmovsky, J. N., Der Dom zu Trier in seinen drei Hauptperioden (Trier, 1874)

Wolff, G., Roman-Germanic Cologne (Cologne, 2003)

Wolfram, H., History of the Goths (Berkeley, 1988)

Wolfram, H., The Roman Empire and Its Germanic Peoples (Berkeley and Los

Angeles, 1997)

Wood, I. (ed.), Franks and Alamanni in the Migration Period: An Ethnographic

Perspective (Woodbridge, 1998)

Wood, I., The Merovingian Kingdoms, 450-751 (London, 1994)

Woolf, G., Becoming Roman: The Origins of Provincial Civilisation in Gaul

(Cambridge, 1998)

304

Zijderfeld, A. C., A Theory of Urbanity: The Economic and Civic Culture of Cities

(New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1998)

Zöllner, E., Geschichte der Franken bis zur Mitte des sechsten Jahrhunderts (Munich,

1970)

Secondary Sources: Articles

Ament, H., ‘Die Franken in den Rӧmerstӓdten der Rheinzone’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die

Franken. Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 129-37

Ament, H., ‘Frühe Funde und archӓologische Erforschung der Franken im Rheinland’,

in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken. Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996),

pp. 23-34

Anton, H. H., ‘Bischof und Civitas - Kirchliche Grundlagen und politische

Dimensionen bischӧflicher Amtsführung im Frankenreich’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die

Franken. Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 373-80

Anton, H. H., ‘Trier im Übergang von der rӧmischen zur frankischen Herrschaft’,

Francia 12 (1984), pp. 1-52

Anton, H. H., ‘Trier in den germanischen Invasionen und sein Übergang in frӓnkische

Herrschaft’, in H. H. Anton and A. Haverkamp (eds), Trier im Mittelalter (Trier, 1996),

pp. 3-67

Arce, J., ‘Otium et Negotium: The Great Estates, 4th

-7th

Century’, in L. Webster and M.

Brown (eds), The Transformation of the Roman World: AD 400-900 (London, 1997),

pp. 19-32

Arnau, A. C., ‘Interpreting the Transformation of the Late Roman Villas: The Case of

Hispania’ in N. Christie (ed.), Landscapes of Change: Rural Evolutions in Late

Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Aldershot, 2004), pp. 67-102

Astill, G., ‘Archaeology, Economics, and Early Medieval Europe’, Oxford Journal of

Archaeology 4 (July, 1985), pp. 215-31

Aufleger, M., ‘Holzarbeiten und Holzbearbeitung’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken.

Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 599-604

Babut, E.-C., ‘La Date due concile de Turin et le dévoleppement de l’autorité

pontificale au Vᵉ siècle. Réponse à Mgr. Duchesne et à Mgr. Pfister’, Revue Historique

88 (1905), pp. 57-82

Bachrach, B. S., ‘Fifth-century Metz: Late Roman Christian Urbs or Ghost Town?’,

Antiquité Tardive 10 (2003), pp. 363-82

305

Back, U., ‘Untersuchungen an der römischen Stadtmauer unter der Sakristei des Kölner

Domes’, Kölner Jahrbuch 23 (1990), pp. 393-400

Bakker, J., ‘Die rӧmische Kleinfunde aus St Gereon in Kӧln’, Bonner Jahrbücher 175

(1975), pp. 257-83

Barnish, S. J. B., ‘Old Kaspars: Attila’s invasion of Gaul in the literary sources’, in J. F.

Drinkwater and H. Elton (eds), Fifth-century Gaul: A crisis of identity? (Cambridge,

1992), pp. 38-48

Barnish, S. J. B., ‘The Transformation of Classical Cities and the Pirenne Debate’,

Journal of Roman Archaeology 2 (1989), pp. 385-400

Bauer, S. and Goddard, E., ‘Amphitheater Trier: Bestandsaufnahme der archӓologischen

Befunde in der Arena und im Arenakeller seit 1816’, Funde und Ausgrabungen im

Bezirk Trier 29 (1997), pp. 32-5

Bechert, T., ‘Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft in der Provinz Germania Inferior: Zum Stand

der Forschung’, in T. Grünewald (ed.), Germania Inferior: Besiedlung, Gesellschaft und

Wirtschaft an der Grenze der rӧmisch-germanischen Welt (Berlin, 2001), pp. 1-18

Bender, H., ‘Archaeological Perspectives on Rural Settlement in Late Antiquity in the

Rhine and Danube Area’, in T. S. Burns and J. W. Eadie (eds), Urban Centres and

Rural Contexts in Late Antiquity (Michigan, 2001), pp. 185-98

Bernhard, H., ‘Die rӧmische Geschichte in Rheinland-Pfalz’, in H. Cüppers (ed.), Die

Rӧmer in Rheinland-Pfalz (Stuttgart, 1990), pp. 39-168

Bertelli, C., ‘Visual Images of the Town in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages’,

in G. P. Brogiolo and B. Ward-Perkins (eds), The Idea and Ideal of the Town between

Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Leiden, 1999), pp. 127-46

Bierbrauer, V., ‘Romanen im frӓnkischen Siedelgebiet’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die

Franken: Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 110-20

Binsfeld, A., ‘Das Bistum Trier von den Anfӓngen bis zum Ende der Rӧmerzeit (3. – 5.

Jahrhundert)’, in H. Heinen et al (eds), Im Umbruch der Kulturen: Spӓtantike und

Frühmittelalter. Geschichte des Bistums Trier, Band I (Trier, 2003), pp. 19-90

Binsfeld, A., ‘Die Graffiti der Frühchristlichen Kirchenanlage in Trier’, in S. Ristow

(ed.), Neue Forschungen zu den Anfӓngen des Christentums im Rheinland (Münster,

2004), pp. 235-52

Binsfeld, A., ‘Zeugnisse früher Christen in Trier: Die Graffiti unter der

Liebfrauenkirche’, Neues Trierisches Jahrbuch 47 (2007), pp. 19-34

Binsfeld, W., ‘Wo ist der rӧmische Kaiser Constantius Chlorus beigesetzt?’, Funde und

Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier 35 (2003), pp. 60-1

306

Bleckmann, B., ‘Arelate metropolis: Überlegungen zur Datierung des Konzils von Turin

und zur Geschichte Galliens im 5. Jahrhundert’, Rӧmische Quartalschrift für Christliche

Altertumskunde und Kirchengeschichte 98 (2003), pp. 162-73

Bleckmann, B., ‘Honorius und das Ende der römischen Herrschaft in Westeuropa’,

Historische Zeitschrift 265 (1997), pp. 561-96

Bloch, H., ‘The Pagan Revival in the West at the End of the Fourth Century’, in A.

Momigliano (ed.), The Conflict between Paganism and Christianity in the Fourth

Century (Oxford, 1963), pp. 193-217

Blockley, R. C., ‘The Dynasty of Theodosius’, in A. Cameron and P. Garnsey (eds),

Cambridge Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 111-37

Blockley, R. C., ‘Warfare and Diplomacy’, in A. Cameron and P. Garnsey (eds),

Cambridge Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 411-36

Bodel, J., ‘Monumental Villas and Villa Monuments’, Journal of Roman Archaeology

10 (1997), pp. 5-35

Böhm, A. and Bohnert, A., ‘Das römische Nordtor von Köln’, Jahrbuch des römisch-

germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz 50 (2003), pp. 371-448

Bӧhner, K., ‘Die Anfӓnge der ehemaligen Abteikirche St Martin zu Trier’, Trierer

Zeitschrift 18 (1949), pp. 107-31

Bӧhner, K., ‘Urban and Rural Settlement in the Frankish Kingdom’, in M. W. Barley

(ed.), European Towns: Their Archaeology and Early History (London, 1977), pp. 185-

202

Bӧhner, K., ‘Zur Zeitstellung der beiden frӓnkischen Graeber im Kӧlner Dom’,

Festschrift für Otto Doppelfeld. Kӧlner Jahrbuch für Vor- und Frühgeschichte 9

(1967/8), pp. 124-35

Bolognesi, E. and Franceschini, R., ‘Der Kaiserliche Bezirk in Trier und die

vergleichenden Aspekte mit dem Kaiserpalast in Konstantinopel’, in M. Kӧnig (ed.),

Palatia: Kaiserpalӓste in Konstantinopel, Ravenna und Trier (Trier, 2003), pp. 123-9

Boppert, W., ‘Die Anfӓnge des Christentums’, in H. Cüppers (ed.), Die Rӧmer in

Rheinland Pfalz (Stuttgart, 1990), pp. 233-57

Bowes, K., ‘“…Nec sedere in villam.” Villa-Churches, Rural Piety, and the

Priscillianist Controversy’, in T. S. Burns and J. W. Eadie (eds), Urban Centres and

Rural Contexts in Late Antiquity (Michigan, 2001), pp. 323-48

Bracker, J., ‘Neue Entdeckungen zur Topographie und frühen Geschichte der Stadt

Kӧln’, Jahrbuch des kӧlnischen Geschichtsvereins 45 (1974), pp. 111-78

Brandenburg, H., ‘Die Basilika von Sankt Paul vor den Mauern in Romen und der Dom

in Trier: Zwei kaiserliche Grossbauten des ausgehenden Vierten Jahrhunderts’, Bonner

307

Jahrbücher 209 (2009), pp. 147-88

Brandes, W., and Haldon, J., ‘Towns, Tax and Transformation: State, Cities and their

Hinterlands in the East Roman World, c. 500-800’, in G. P. Brogiolo et al (eds), Towns

and their Territories between late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages (Leiden, 2000),

pp. 141-73

Breitner, G., ‘Wohnen im spӓtantiken Trier: Eine Standortbestimmung’, in J. Drauschke

et al (eds), Untergang und Neuanfang: Tagungsbeitrӓge der Arbeitsgemeinschaft

Spӓtantike und Frühmittelalter 3 und 4 (Hamburg, 2011), pp. 273-86

Breitner, G. and Weidner, M., ‘Neue Forschungen zur Entwicklung spӓtrӧmischer

Wohnbebauung in Trier’, Archӓologisches Nachrichtenblatt 13, issue 3 (2008), pp. 269-

76

Brogiolo, G.P., ‘Ideas of the Town in Italy during the Transition from Antiquity to the

Middle Ages’, in G. P. Brogiolo and B. Ward-Perkins (eds), The Idea and Ideal of the

Town between Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Leiden,1999), pp. 99-126

Brühl, C. R., ‘The Town as a Political Centre: General Survey’, in M. W. Barley (ed.)

European Towns: Their Archaeology and Early History (London, 1977), pp. 419-30

Burgess, R. W., ‘Hydatius and the Final Frontier: The Fall of the Roman Empire and the

End of the World’, in R. W. Mathisen and H. S. Sivan (eds), Shifting Frontiers in Late

Antiquity (Aldershot, 1996), pp. 321-32

Caillet, J.-P., ‘Die Franken und der ӧstliche Mittelmeerraum – Produkte der Kunst und

des Kunsthandwerks’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken: Roms Erben und Wegbereiter

Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 802-7

Campbell, B., ‘The Army’, in A. K. Bowman et al (eds), Cambridge Ancient History

XII (Cambridge, 2005), pp. 110-36

Cantino Wataghin, G., ‘Christian topography in the late antique town: recent results and

open questions’, in L. Lavan and W. Bowden (eds), Theory and Practice in Late

Antique Archaeology (Leiden, 2003), pp. 224-56

Cantino Wataghin, G., ‘The Ideology of Urban Burials’, in G. P. Brogiolo and B. Ward-

Perkins (eds), The Idea and Ideal of the Town between Late Antiquity and the Early

Middle Ages (Leiden, 1999), pp. 147-80

Carroll, M., ‘The Genesis of Roman Towns on the Lower Rhine’, in P. Wilson (ed.),

The Archaeology of Roman Towns (Oxford, 2003), pp. 22-30

Carroll, M., ‘New Excavations at the base of the Classis Germanica in Cologne’, in N.

Gudea (ed.), Roman Frontier Studies: Proceedings of the 17Ith International Congress

of Roman Frontier Studies (Zalau, 1999), pp. 317-24

Carroll, M., ‘Das spätrömische Militärlager Divitia in Köln-Deutz und seine

Besatzungen’, in Spätrömische Befestigungsanlagen in den Rhein- und

308

Donauprovinzen: Beiträge der Arbeitsgemeinschaft ‘Römische Archäologie’ bei der

Tagung des West- und Süddeutschen Verbandes der Altertumsforschung in Kempten,

BAR International Series 704 (Oxford, 1998), pp. 49-55

Carroll, M., ‘Supplying the Roman fleet: native Belgic, Frisian and Germanic Pottery

from Cologne’, Journal of Roman Archaeology 14 (2001), pp. 311-24

Carroll-Spillecke, M., ‘The Late Roman Frontier Fort Divitia in Cologne-Deutz and its

Garrisons’, in Grӧnman van Waateringe et al (eds), Roman Frontier Studies 1995:

Proceedings of the 16th International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies (Oxford,

1997), pp. 143-50

Carroll-Spillecke, M., ‘Das römische Militärlager Divitia in Köln-Deutz’, Kölner

Jahrbuch 26 (1993), pp. 321-444

Chaffin, C., ‘The application of Nicaea Canon 6 and the date of the synod of Turin’,

Rivista di Storia e Letteratura Religiosa 16 (1980), pp. 257-72

Chastagnol, A., ‘Le repli sur Arles des services administratifs gaulois en l’an 407 de

notre ère’, Revue Historique 249 (1973), pp. 23-40

Christie, N., ‘Construction and Deconstruction: Reconstructing the late-Roman

townscape’, in T. R. Slater (ed.), Towns in Decline AD 100-1600 (Aldershot, 2000), pp.

51-71

Christie, N., ‘Landscapes of Change in Late Antiquity and the Early middle Ages:

Themes, Directions and Problems’, in N. Christie (ed.), Landscapes of Change: Rural

Evolutions in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Aldershot, 2004), pp. 1-38

Christie, N., ‘Towns, Lands and Power: German-Roman Survivals and Interactions in

Fifth- and Sixth-Century Pannonia’, in G. P. Brogiolo et al (eds), Towns and their

Territories between late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages (Leiden, 2000), pp. 275-98

Christie, N., ‘War and order: urban remodelling and defensive strategy in Late Roman

Italy’, in L. Lavan (ed.), Recent Research in Late Antique Urbanism (Portsmouth,

Rhode Island, 2001), pp. 106-22

Chrysos, E. K., ‘The Empire, the Gentes and the Regna’, in H. –W. Goetz et al (eds),

Regna and Gentes: The Relationship between Late Antique and Early Medieval Peoples

and Kingdoms in the Transformation of the Roman World (Leiden, 2003), pp. 13-20

Claude, D., ‘Zur Begründung familiӓrer Beziehungen zwischen dem Kaiser und

barbarischen Herrschern’, in E. K. Chrysos and A. Schwarcz (eds), Das Reich und die

Barbaren (Vienna, 1989), pp. 25-56

Clemens, L., ‘Die Archӓologie des Mittelalters und der frühen Neuzeit in Trier’, in

Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier, 2005), pp. 41-7

Clemens, L., ‘Archӓologische Beobachtungen zu frühmittelalterlichen

Siedlungsstrukturen in Trier’, in S. Felgenhauer-Schmiedt et al (eds), Zwischen

309

Rӧmersiedlung und mittelalterlicher Stadt: Archӓologische Aspekte zur

Kontinuitӓtsfrage, Beitrӓge zur Mittelalterarchӓologie in Ӧsterreich 17 (2001), pp. 43-

66

Clemens, L., ‘Sankt Irminen: Römisches Wohnquartier, spätanktike Speicheranlage

(horrea) und frühmittelalterliche Klostersiedlung’, in H. –P. Kuhnen (ed.), Das

römische Trier (Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 166-74

Clemens, L., ‘Speicherbauten (horrea) und Kloster St Irminen-Oeren’, in Rettet das

archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier, 2005), pp. 112-3

Clemens, L., ‘Trier im Frühmittelalter aus archäologischer Sicht’, in H. –P. Kuhnen

(ed.), Das römische Trier (Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 79-90

Clemens, L. and Hupe, J., ‘Circus’, in Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier,

2005), pp. 100-1

Clemens, L. and Wilhelm, J. C., ‘Sankt Matthias und das südliche Gräberfeld’, in H. –P.

Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier (Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 175-87

Clemens, L., et al, ‘Struktur und Situation der Trierer Stadtarchӓologie’, in Rettet das

archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier, 2005), pp. 16-20

Clover, F. M., ‘Gaiseric and Attila’, in F. M. Clover (ed.), The Late Roman West and

the Vandals (Aldershot, 1993), pp. 104-17

Coates, S., ‘Venantius Fortunatus and the Image of Episcopal Authority in Late Antique

and Early Merovingian Gaul’, English Historical Review 115, no. 464 (November,

2000), pp. 1109-37

Collins, R., ‘Fredegar’, in P. Geary (ed.), Authors of the Middle Ages: Historical and

Religious Writers of the Latin West, IV, nos. 12-13 (Aldershot, 1996), pp. 1-138

Collins, R., ‘Theudebert 1: ‘Rex Magnus Francorum’, in P. Wormald et al (eds), Ideal

and Reality in Frankish and Anglo-Saxon Society: Studies Presented to J. M. Wallace-

Hadrill (Oxford, 1983), pp. 7-33

Collins, R., ‘The Western Kingdoms’, in A. Cameron et al (eds), Cambridge Ancient

History XIV (Cambridge, 2000), pp. 112-34

Crook, J., ‘The Enshrinement of Local Saints in Francia and England’, in A. Thacker

and R. Sharpe (eds), Local Saints and Local Churches in the Early Medieval West

(Oxford, 2002), pp. 189-224

Cüppers, H., ‘Alte und neue Funde aus dem frühchristlichen Trier’, Funde und

Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier 13 (1981), pp. 24-8

Cüppers, H., ‘Augusta Treverorum’, in H. Cüppers (ed.), Die Rӧmer an Mosel und Saar

(Mainz, 1983), pp. 33-9

310

C ppers, H., ‘Getreideproduktion und Getreidehandel im Trierer Land zur Rӧmerzeit’,

Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier 1969-1979 (1974), pp. 238-41

Cüppers, H., ‘Die Römerbrücken’, in H. –P. Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier

(Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 158-65

C ppers, H., ‘Das rӧmische Forum der Colonia Augusta Treverorum’, in Festschrift 100 Jahre Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier: Beiträge zur Archäologie und Kunst des

Trierer Landes, Trierer Grabungen und Forschungen 14 (Mainz, 1979), pp. 211-62

C ppers, H., ‘Spӓtantike Chorschrӓnken in der St Matthiaskirche zu Trier’, Trierer Zeitschrift 31 (1968), pp. 177-90

Cüppers, H., ‘Die Spӓtantike Stadt - Kaiserresidenz und Bischofssitz’, in Trier:

Kaiserresidenz und Bischofssitz (Mainz, 1984), pp. 68-74

Cüppers, H., ‘Die Stadt Trier und die verschiedenen Phasen ihres Ausbaues’, in P. M.

Duval and E. Frezouls (eds), Themes de Recherches sur les Villes Antiques d’Occident

(Paris, 1977), pp. 223-8

Cüppers, H., ‘Die Treverer und die Augusta Treverorum’, in H. Cüppers et al (eds), Die

Rӧmer an Mosel und Saar (Mainz, 1983), pp. 17-32

Ćurčić, S., ‘Late Antique Palaces: The Meaning of Urban Context’, Ars Orientalis 23

(1993), pp. 67-90

Curran, J., ‘From Jovian to Theodosius’, in A. Cameron and P. Garnsey (eds),

Cambridge Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 78-110

Deckers, J. G., ‘Kult und Kirchen der Mӓrtyrer in Kӧln. Begann die Verehrung der

Jungfrauen und Legionӓre erst in 6. Jahrh.?’, Rӧmische Quartalschrift für Christliche

Altertumskunde 83 (1988), pp. 25-43

Deckers, J. G., ‘St Gereon in Koeln. Ausgrabungen 1978/79’, Jahrbuch für Antike und

Christentum 25 (1982), pp. 102-31

Delogu, P., ‘Reading Pirenne again’, in R. Hodges and W. Bowman (eds), The Sixth

Century: Production, Distribution and Demand (Leiden, 1998), pp. 15-40

Demandt, A., ‘The Osmosis of late Roman and Germanic Aristocracies’, in E. K.

Chrysos and A. Schwarcz (eds), Das Reich und die Barbaren (Vienna, 1989), pp. 75-86

Dey, H., ‘Art, Ceremony, and City Walls: The Aesthetics of Imperial Resurgence in the

Late Roman West’, Journal of Late Antiquity 3, 1 (Spring 2010), pp. 3-37

Diaz, P. C., ‘City and Territory in Hispania in Late Antiquity’, in G. P. Brogiolo et al

(eds), Towns and their Territories between late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages

(Leiden, 2000), pp. 3-36

Dixon, P., ‘“The cities are not populated as they once were”’, in J. Rich (ed.), The City

311

in Late Antiquity (London, 1992), pp. 145-60

Dodt, M., ‘Fragen der Archӓologie an den Bau der Trierer Kaiserthermen: zum Beginn

der neuen Bestandsaufnahmen im Jahre 2010’, Kurtrierisches Jahrbuch 51 (2011), pp.

59-67

Dodt, M., ‘Neue Untersuchungen an den Trierer Barbarathermen’, Archӓologie in

Rheinland-Pfalz 2005 (2005), pp. 60-3

Dodt, M., ‘Rӧmische Bauten in den nӧrdlichen Insulae F1 und G1 der Colonia Claudia

Ara Agrippinensium’, Kӧlner Jahrbuch 35 (2002), pp. 571-698

Doppelfeld, O., ‘Der Alte Dom zu Kӧln und der Bauriss von St Gallen’, Das Münster II

(1948), pp. 1-12

Doppelfeld, O., ‘Die Domgrabung’, Kӧlner Domblatt 1 (1948), pp. 20-42

Doppelfeld, O., ‘Die Domgrabung’, Kӧlner Domblatt 12/13 (1957), pp. 49-85

Doppelfeld, O., ‘Das frӓnkische Frauengrab unter dem Chor des Kӧlner Domes’,

Germania 38 (1960), pp. 89-113

Doppelfeld, O., ‘Kӧln von der Spӓtantike bis zur Karolingerzeit’, in H. Jankuhn et al

(eds), Vor- und Frühformen der europӓischen Stadt im Mittelalter. Bericht über ein

Symposium in Rheinhausen bei Gӧttingen vom 18. bis 24. April 1972 (Gӧttingen, 1975),

pp. 110-29

Drake, A., ‘The Church, Society and Political Power’, in A. Casiday and F. W. Norris

(eds), Cambridge History of Christianity (Cambridge, 2007), pp. 403-29

Drinkwater, J.F., ‘Ammianus, Valentinian and the Rhine Germans’ in J. W. Drijvers

and D. Hunt (eds), The Late Roman World and its Historian: Interpreting Ammianus

Marcellinus (London, 1999), pp. 127-37

Drinkwater, J. F., ‘The Bacaudae of fifth-century Gaul’, in J. F. Drinkwater and H.

Elton (eds), Fifth-century Gaul: A Crisis of Identity? (Cambridge, 1992), pp. 208-17

Drinkwater, J. F., ‘Gallic Attitudes to the Roman Empire in the Fourth Century’, in H.

E. Herzig and R. Frei-Stoba (eds), Labor Omnibus Unus. Gerold Walser zum 70

Geburtstag (Stuttgart, 1989), pp. 136-53

Drinkwater, J. F., ‘“The Germanic Threat on the Rhine Frontier”: A Romano-Gallic

Artefact?’ in Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity, ed. R.W. Mathisen and H. S. Sivan

(Aldershot, 1996), pp. 20-30

Drinkwater, J. F., ‘Urbanization in Italy and the Western Empire’, in J. Wacher (ed.),

The Roman World, vol. I (London, 1987), pp. 345-79

Drinkwater, J. F., ‘The Usurpers Constantine III (407-411) and Jovinus (411-413)’,

Britannia 29 (1998), pp. 269-98

312

Duchesne, L., ‘Le Concile de Turin’, Revue Historique 87 (1905), pp. 278-302

Eck, W., ‘Der Einfluss der konstantinischen Wende auf die Auswahl der Bischӧfe im 4.

u. 5. Jahrhundert’, Chiron: Mitteilungen der Kommission fuer alte Geschichte und

Epigraphik des deutschen archӓologist Instituts (Munich, 1978), pp. 561-85

Edwards, M., ‘Synods and Councils’, in A. Casiday and F. W. Norris (eds), Cambridge

History of Christianity (Cambridge, 2007), pp. 367-85

Eiden, H., ‘Ausgrabungen im spӓtantiken Trier’, in Neue Ausgrabungen aus

Deutschland. Roemisch-germanischen Kommission des deutschen archӓologischen

Instituts (Berlin, 1958), pp. 345-67

Eismann, S., ‘Siedeln in rӧmischen Ruinen – Formen und Motive im Wandel der Zeit’,

in J. Drauschke et al (eds), Untergang und Neuanfang: Tagungsbeitrӓge der

Arbeitsgemeinschaft Spӓtantike und Frühmittelalter 3 und 4 (Hamburg, 2011), pp. 125-

61

Elton, H., ‘Defence in fifth-century Gaul’, in J. F. Drinkwater and H. Elton (eds), Fifth-

century Gaul: A Crisis of Identity? (Cambridge, 1992), pp. 167-76

Elton, H., ‘Defining Romans, Barbarians and the Roman Frontier’ in R. W. Mathisen

and H. S. Sivan (eds), Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity (Aldershot, 1996), pp. 126-35

Erdrich, M., ‘Wirtschaftsbeziehungen zwischen der Germania inferior und dem

germanischen Vorland – ein Wunschbild’, in T. Grünewald (ed.), Germania Inferior:

Besiedlung, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft an der Grenze der rӧmisch-germanischen Welt

(Berlin, 2001), pp. 306-35

Ewig, E., ‘Die ӓltesten Mainzer Patrozinien und die Frühgeschichte des Bistums

Mainz’, in E. Ewig (ed.), Spӓtantikes und Frӓnkisches Gallien II (Munich, 1979), pp.

154-70

Ewig, E., ‘Beobachtungen zur Frühgeschichte des Bistums Kӧln’, in E. Ewig (ed.),

Spӓtantikes und Frӓnkisches Gallien II (Munich, 1979), pp. 126-53

Ewig, E., ‘Das Bistum in Kӧln im Frühmittelalter’, in E. Ewig (ed.), Spӓtantikes und

Frӓnkisches Gallien II (Munich, 1979), pp. 91-125

Ewig, E., ‘Kaiserliche und Apostoliche Tradition im Mittelalterlichen Trier’, in E. Ewig

(ed.), Spӓtantikes und Frӓnkisches Gallien, II (Munich, 1979), pp. 51-90

Ewig, E., ‘Kirche und Civitas in de Merowingerzeit’, in E. Ewig (ed.), Spӓtantikes und

Frӓnkisches Gallien, II (Munich, 1979), pp. 1-20

Ewig, E., ‘Von der Kaiserstadt zur Bischofsstadt. Beobachtungen zur Geschichte von

Trier im 5. Jahrhundert’, in E. Ewig (ed.), Spӓtantikes und Frӓnkisches Gallien, II

(Munich, 1979), pp. 33-50

313

Fanning, S., ‘Emperors and empires in fifth-century Gaul’, in J. F. Drinkwater and H.

Elton, Fifth-century Gaul: A Crisis of Identity? (Cambridge, 1992), pp. 288-97

Faulkner, N., ‘Change and decline in late Romano-British towns’, in T. R. Slater (ed.),

Towns in Decline AD 100-1600 (Aldershot, 2000), pp. 25-50

Faust, S., ‘Eine reich ausgestattete rӧmische Grabkammer am Reichertsberg in Trier

West’, Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier 30 (1998), pp.79-86

Fischer, T., ‘Neuere Forschungen zum rӧmischen Flottenlager Kӧln-Alteburg’, in T.

Grünewald (ed.), Germania Inferior: Besiedlung, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft an der

Grenze der rӧmisch-germanischen Welt (Berlin, 2001), pp. 547-64

Fontaine, T. H. M., ‘Die Barbarathermen’, in H. –P. Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier

(Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 102-13

Fontaine, T. H. M., ‘Die Kaiserthermen’, in H. –P. Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier

(Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 122-34

Fontaine, T. H. M., ‘Ein letzter Abglanz vergangener kaiserliche Pracht: zu

ausgewӓhlten archӓologischen Befunden aus dem Areal der rӧmischen Kaiserresidenz

in Trier’, in M. Kӧnig (ed.), Palatia: Kaiserpalӓste in Konstantinopel, Ravenna und

Trier (Trier, 2003), pp. 130-61

Fremersdorf, F., ‘Ergebnisse der Forschungen bei der St Severinskirche in Kӧln’, Neue

Ausgrabungen in Deutschland (Berlin, 1958), pp. 239-339

Frenz, H. G., ‘Architektur und Urbanistik’, in H. Cüppers (ed.), Die Rӧmer in

Rheinland-Pfalz (Stuttgart, 1990), pp. 205-12

Frye, D., ‘Aegidius, Childeric, Odovacer, and Paul’, Nottingham Medieval Studies 36

(1992), pp. 1-14

Gaddis, M., ‘The Political Church: Religion and the State’, in P. Rousseau (ed.), A

Companion to Late Antiquity (Oxford, 2009), pp. 512-24

Galsterer, B., and H., ‘Inschriften aus Kӧln III. Funde der Jahre 1983-1987’, Kӧlner

Jahrbuch für Vor- und Frühgeschichte 20 (1987), pp. 83-109

Galsterer, B., and H., ‘Neue Inschriften aus Kӧln. Funde der Jahre 1974-1979’,

Epigraphische Studien 12 (1981), pp. 225-64

Galsterer, B., and H., ‘Neue Inschriften aus Kӧln. Funde der Jahre 1981-1982’,

Epigraphische Studien 13 (1983), pp. 167-206

Ganz, U. –W., ‘Zur Datierung der römischen Stadtmauer von Köln und zu den farbigen

Steinornamenten in Gallien und Germanien’, Jahrbuch des römisch-germanischen

Zentralmuseums Mainz 52 (2005), pp. 210-36

Garnsey, P., and Whittaker, C. R., ‘Trade, Industry and the Urban Economy’, in A.

314

Cameron and P. Garnsey (eds), Cambridge Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp.

312-37

Gauthier, N., ‘From the Ancient City to the Medieval Town: Continuity and Change in

the Early Middle Ages’, in K. Mitchell and I. Wood (eds), The World of Gregory of

Tours (Leiden, 2002), pp. 47-66

Gauthier, N., ‘Origine et premiers développements de la legend de Sainte Ursule à

Cologne’, Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Inscriptions 117, 1 (1973), pp. 108-21

Geary, P., ‘Barbarians and Ethnicity’, in G. W. Bowersock et al (eds), Interpreting Late

Antiquity: Essays on the Postclassical World (Cambridge, MA, 2001), pp. 107-29

Gechter, M., ‘Frühe Quellen zur Baugeschichte von St Gereon in Kӧln’, Kӧlner

Jahrbuch für Vor- und Frühgeschichte 23 (1990), pp. 531-62

Gechter, M., ‘Die Wirtschaftsbeziehungen zwischen dem Rӧmischen Reich und dem

Bergischen Land’, in T. Grünewald (ed.), Germania Inferior: Besiedlung, Gesellschaft

und Wirtschaft an der Grenze der rӧmisch-germanischen Welt (Berlin, 2001), pp. 517-

46

Gelichi, S., ‘Ceramic Production and Distribution in the Early Medieval Mediterranean

and Basin (Seventh to Tenth Centuries AD): Between Town and Countryside’ in G. P.

Brogiolo et al (eds), Towns and their Territories between late Antiquity and the early

Middle Ages (Leiden, 2000), pp. 115-40

Gerberding, R., ‘The Later Roman Empire’, in P. Fouracre (ed.), The New Cambridge

Medieval History I: c. 500 – c. 700 (Cambridge, 2005), pp. 13-34

von Gerkan, A., ‘St Gereon in Kӧln’, Germania 29 (1951), pp. 215-18

von Gerkan, A., ‘Der Urbau der Kirche St Gereon in Kӧln’, Forschungen zur

Kunstgeschichte und christlichen Archӓologie 1 (Baden-Baden, 1952), pp. 91-112

Gilles, K.-J., ‘Münzprӓgung im rӧmischen Trier’, in A. Demandt and J. Engemann

(eds), Konstantin der Grosse: Ausstellungskatalog (Mainz, 2007), pp. 313-17

Gilles, K.-J., ‘Eine Überprӓgung der Trierer Münzstӓtte aus der Zeit des Usurpators

Magnentius’, Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier 20 (1988), pp. 17-20

Goethert, K., ‘Bezirk des Forums’, in Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier,

2005), pp. 92-3

Goethert, K., ‘Circus und Wagenrennen’, in A. Demandt and J. Engemann (eds),

Konstantin der Grosse: Ausstellungskatalog (Mainz, 2007), pp. 344-50

Goethert, K., ‘Die Wohnbebauung’, in Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier,

2005), pp. 35-8

Goethert, K. and Goethert, K. -P., ‘Palastbezirk’, in Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in

315

Trier (Trier, 2005), pp. 70-80

Goethert, K. -P., ‘Amphitheater’, in Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier,

2005), pp. 97-9

Goethert, K. -P., ‘Amphitheater’, in K. –P. Goethert and W. Weber (eds), Rӧmerbauten

in Trier: Porta Nigra, Amphitheater, Barbarathermen, Thermen am Viehmarkt,

Kaiserthermen (Regensburg, 2010), pp. 57-72

Goethert, K. -P., ‘Barbarathermen’, in Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier,

2005), pp. 84-5

Goethert, K. -P., ‘Barbarathermen’, in K. –P. Goethert and W. Weber (eds),

Rӧmerbauten in Trier: Porta Nigra, Amphitheater, Barbarathermen, Thermen am

Viehmarkt, Kaiserthermen (Regensburg, 2010), pp. 75-103

Goethert, K. -P., ‘Basilika’, in K. –P. Goethert and W. Weber (eds), Rӧmerbauten in

Trier: Porta Nigra, Amphitheater, Barbarathermen, Thermen am Viehmarkt,

Kaiserthermen (Regensburg, 2010), pp. 149-79

Goethert, K. -P., ‘Kaiserthermen’, in Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier,

2005), pp. 81-3

Goethert, K. -P., ‘Kaiserthermen’, in K. –P. Goethert and W. Weber (eds), Rӧmerbauten

in Trier: Porta Nigra, Amphitheater, Barbarathermen, Thermen am Viehmarkt,

Kaiserthermen (Regensburg, 2010), pp. 123-47

Goethert, K. -P., ‘Porta Nigra’, in Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier, 2005),

pp. 102-3

Goethert, K. -P., ‘Porta Nigra’, in K. –P. Goethert and W. Weber (eds), Rӧmerbauten in

Trier: Porta Nigra, Amphitheater, Barbarathermen, Thermen am Viehmarkt,

Kaiserthermen (Regensburg, 2010), pp. 23-53

Goethert, K. –P., ‘Römerbrücke’, in K. –P. Goethert and W. Weber (eds), Rӧmerbauten

in Trier: Porta Nigra, Amphitheater, Barbarathermen, Thermen am Viehmarkt,

Kaiserthermen (Regensburg, 2010), pp. 201-16

Goethert, K. -P., ‘Thermen am Viehmarkt’, in Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in Trier

(Trier, 2005), pp. 86-7

Goethert, K. -P., ‘Thermen am Viehmarkt’, in K. –P. Goethert and W. Weber (eds),

Rӧmerbauten in Trier: Porta Nigra, Amphitheater, Barbarathermen, Thermen am

Viehmarkt, Kaiserthermen (Regensburg, 2010), pp. 105-21

Goethert, K. –P., ‘Vorbemerkungen zur Geschichte der Stadt Trier’, in K. –P. Goethert

and W. Weber (eds), Rӧmerbauten in Trier: Porta Nigra, Amphitheater,

Barbarathermen, Thermen am Viehmarkt, Kaiserthermen (Regensburg, 2010), pp. 7-21

Goethert, K. -P. and Lӧhr, H., ‘Das Strassensystem’, in Rettet das archӓologische Erbe

316

in Trier (Trier, 2005), pp. 33-5

Goethert, K. -P. and Kiessel, M., ‘Trier – Residenz in der Spätantike’, in A. Demandt

and J. Engemann (eds), Konstantin der Grosse: Ausstellungskatalog (Mainz, 2007), pp.

304-12

Goethert, K. -P. and Neyses-Eiden, M., ‘Rӧmerbrücken’, in Rettet das archӓologische

Erbe in Trier (Trier, 2005), pp. 90-1

Goethert-Polaschek, K., ‘Rӧmisches Fensterglas im Trierer Gebiet’, Funde und

Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier 1969-1979 (1974), pp. 185-91

Goetz, H.-W., ‘Gens, Kings and Kingdoms: The Franks’, in H. –W. Goetz et al (eds),

Regna and Gentes: The Relationship between Late Antique and Early Medieval Peoples

and Kingdoms in the Transformation of the Roman World (Leiden, 2003), pp. 307-44

Goffart, W., ‘The barbarians in Late Antiquity and how they were accommodated in the

West’, in T. F. X. Noble (ed.), From Roman Provinces to Medieval Kingdoms (New

York and London, 2006), pp. 235-61

Goffart, W., ‘The Fredegar Problem Reconsidered’, Speculum 38, no. 2 (April 1963),

pp. 206-41

Goffart, W., ‘Rome, Constantinople, and the Barbarians’, American Historical Review

86, issue 2 (1981), pp. 275-306

Goffart, W., ‘The Theme of “The Barbarian Invasions” in Late Antique and Modern

Historiography’, in E. K. Chrysos and A. Schwarcz (eds), Das Reich und die Barbaren

(Vienna, 1989), pp. 87-108

Goodson, C. et al, ‘Introduction’, in C. Goodson et al (eds), Cities, Texts and Social

Networks, 400-1500: Experiences and Perceptions of Medieval Urban Space (Farnham,

2010), pp. 1-17

Gose, E., ‘Die Archӓologische Erforschung der Porta Nigra’, in E. Gose (ed.), Die

Porta Nigra in Trier (Berlin, 1969), pp. 9-70

Gross, U., ‘Handwerk und Kunsthandwerk: Die Toepferware der Franken Herleitung –

Formen – Produktion’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken. Roms Erben und Wegbereiter

Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 581-93

Gwatkin, W. E. Jr., ‘Roman Trier’, The Classical Journal vol. 29, no. 1 (October 1933),

pp. 3-12

Halsall, G., ‘The Barbarian Invasions’, in P. Fouracre (ed.), The New Cambridge

Medieval History I: c. 500 – c. 700 (Cambridge, 2005), pp. 35-55

Halsall, G., ‘Beyond the Northern Frontiers’, in P. Rousseau (ed.), A Companion to Late

Antiquity (Oxford, 2009), pp. 409-25

317

Halsall, G., ‘The Merovingian Period in North-East Gaul: Transition or Change?’, in J.

Bintliff and H. Hamerow (eds), Europe between Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages

(Oxford, 1995), pp. 38-57

Halsall, G., ‘Movers and Shakers: the barbarians and the fall of Rome’, in T. F. X.

Noble (ed.), From Roman Provinces to Medieval Kingdoms (New York and London,

2006), pp. 277-91

Halsall, G., ‘Towns, Societies and Ideas: The Not-so-Strange Case of Late Roman and

Early Merovingian Metz’, in N. Christie and S. T. Loseby (eds), Towns in Transition:

Urban Evolution in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Aldershot, 1996), pp.

235-61

Handley, M. A., ‘Beyond Hagiography: Epigraphic Commemoration and the Cult of the

Saints in Late Antique Trier’, in R. W. Mathisen and D. Shanzer (eds), Society and

Culture in Late Antique Gaul (Aldershot, 2001), pp. 187-200

Harries, J., ‘Christianity and the City in Late Roman Gaul’, in J. Rich (ed.), The City in

Late Antiquity (London, 1992), pp. 77-98

Harries, J., ‘Sidonius Apollinaris and the Frontiers of Romanitas’, in R. W. Mathisen

and H. S. Sivan (eds), Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity (Aldershot, 1996), pp. 31-44

Harries, J., ‘Sidonius Apollinaris, Rome and the Barbarians: A Climate of Treason?’ in

J. F. Drinkwater and H. Elton (eds), Fifth-Century Gaul: A Crisis of Identity?

(Cambridge, 1992), pp. 298-308

Hauser, G., ‘Fragen zu einem rӧmischen Tempel unter dem Dom’, Kӧlner Domblatt 58

(1993), pp. 313-42

Hauser, G., ‘Das frӓnkische Grӓberfeld unter dem Kӧlner Dom’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die

Franken. Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 438-47

Haynes, I., ‘Britain’s First Information Revolution: The Roman army and the

transformation of economic life’, in P. Erdkamp (ed.), The Roman Army and the

Economy (Amsterdam, 2002), pp. 111-26

Hayward, P. A., ‘Demystifying the role of sanctity in Western Christendom’, in J.

Howard-Johnston and P. A. Hayward (eds), The Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity and the

Middle Ages (Oxford, 1999), pp. 115-42

Heather, P., ‘The Barbarian in Late Antiquity: Image, Reality, and Transformation’, in

R. Miles (ed.), Constructing Identities in Late Antiquity (London, 1999), pp. 234-58

Heather, P., ‘Foedera and foederati of the fourth century’, in T. F. X. Noble (ed.), From

Roman Provinces to Medieval Kingdoms (New York and London, 2006), pp. 292-308

Heather, P., ‘The Huns and the End of the Roman Empire in Western Europe’, The

English Historical Review, vol. 110, no. 435 (February, 1995), pp. 4-41

318

Heather, P., ‘The Late Roman Art of Client Management: Imperial Defence in the

Fourth-Century West’, in W. Pohl et al (eds), The Transformation of Frontiers from

Late Antiquity to the Carolingians (Leiden, 2001), pp. 15-68

Heather, P., ‘State, Lordship and Community in the West, c. AD 400-600’, in A.

Cameron et al (eds), Cambridge Ancient History XIV (Cambridge, 2000), pp. 437-68

Heather, P., ‘The Western Empire’, in A. Cameron et al (eds), Cambridge Ancient

History XIV (Cambridge, 2000), pp. 1-32

Heather, P., ‘Why did the Barbarian Cross the Rhine?’, Journal of Late Antiquity 2,

issue 1 (Spring, 2009), pp. 3-29

Heinen, H., ‘Das Bistum Trier in der Zeit der Vӧlkerwanderung. Vom Ende des

Theodosius I. bis zum Ende der Rӧmerzeit (395 – Ende des 5. Jahrhunderts), in H.

Heinen et al (eds), Im Umbruch der Kulturen: Spӓtantike und Frühmittelalter,

Geschichte des Bistums Trier I (Trier, 2003), pp. 91-115

Heinen, H., ‘Die frühchristlichen Inschriften der Mosellande. Bemerkungen zu einem

neuen Corpus’, Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter 40 (1976), pp. 243-54

Heinen, H., ‘Helena, Konstantin und die Überlieferung der Kreuzesauffindung im 4.

Jahrhundert’, in E. Aretz et al (eds), Der Heilige Rock zu Trier. Studien zur Geschichte

und Verehrung der Tunika Christi (Trier, 1995), pp. 83-117

Heinen, H., ‘Reichstreue nobiles im zerstӧrten Trier. Überlegungen zu Salvian, gub. VI

72-89’, Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 131 (2000), pp. 271-8

Heinen, H., ‘Vom Ende des Gallischen Sonderreiches bis zur Usurpation des

Magnentius (274-350)’, in Trier: Kaiserresidenz und Bischofssitz (Mainz, 1984), pp.

16-31

Heinen, H., ‘Zum Christentum in spӓtantiken Trier’, Trierer Zeitschrift 52 (1989), pp.

391-413

Heinzelmann, M., ‘Gregor von Tours: Die ideologische Grundlegung frӓnkischer

Kӧnigsherrschaft’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken. Roms Erben und Wegbereiter

Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 381-9

Hellenkemper, H., ‘Archӓologie als Beitrag zur Geschichte der Colonia Claudia Ara

Agrippinensium’, Aufstieg und Niedergang der rӧmischen Welt II, 4 (1975), pp. 783-

844

Hellenkemper, H., ‘Archӓologische Forschungen in Kӧln seit 1980’, in H.

Hellenkemper (ed.), Archӓologie in Nordrhein-Westfalen: Geschichte im Herzen

Europas (Cologne, 1990), pp. 75-88

Hellenkemper, H., ‘Kӧln 260-355 AD. Ein unruhiges Jahrhundert kӧlner

Stadtgeschichte’, in A. Rieche et al (eds), Grabung, Forschung, Prӓsentation:

Festschrift Gundolf Precht (Mainz, 2002), pp. 43-53

319

Hellenkemper, H., ‘The roman Defences of Cologne – Colonia Claudia Ara

Agrippinensium’, in J. Maloney and B. Hobley (eds), Roman Urban Defences in the

West (London, 1983), pp. 20-8

Helvetius, A., ‘Hagiographie und Heiligenverehrung’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken:

Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 401-6

Henning, J., ‘Early European Towns: The way of the economy in the Frankish area

between dynamism and deceleration’, in J. Henning (ed.), Post Roman Towns, Trade

and Settlement in Europe and Byzantium, vol. 1: The Heirs of the Roman West (Berlin,

2007), pp. 3-40

Henning, J., ‘Handel, Verkehrswege und Befӧrderungsmittel im Merowingerreich’, in

R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken: Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp.

789-801

Henning, J., ‘Landwirtschaft der Franken’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken: Roms Erben

und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 774-85

Hitchner, R. B., ‘Meridional Gaul, Trade and the Mediterranean Economy in Late

Antiquity’, in J. F. Drinkwater and H. Elton (eds), Fifth Century Gaul: A Crisis of

Identity? (Cambridge, 1992), pp. 122-31

Hodges, ‘Henri Pirenne and the question of demand in the sixth century’, in R. Hodges

and W. Bowman (eds), The Sixth Century: Production, Distribution and Demand

(Leiden, 1998), pp. 3-14

Hoffman, P., ‘Die Stadtentwicklung am rӧmischen Forum in Trier: Ergebnisse und

Fragen zu Datierung und Nutzung der sogenannten Thermen am Viehmarkt’, Funde

und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier 30 (1998), pp. 53-68

Horn, H. G., ‘Das Leben im rӧmischen Rheinland’, in H. G. Horn (ed.), Die Rӧmer in

Nordrhein-Westfalen (Stuttgart, 1987), pp. 139-318

Horn, H. G., ‘Kӧln’, in H. G. Horn (ed.), Die Rӧmer in Nordrhein-Westfalen (Stuttgart,

1987), pp. 459-521

Howard-Johnston, J., ‘Introduction’, in J. Howard-Johnston and P. A. Hayward (eds),

The Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages (Oxford, 1999), pp. 1-26

Hunt, D., ‘Julian’, in A. Cameron and P. Garnsey (eds), Cambridge Ancient History

XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 44-77

Hunt, D., ‘The Churches as a Public Institution’, in A. Cameron and P. Garnsey (eds),

Cambridge Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 238-76

Hunt, D., ‘The Outsider Inside: Ammianus on the Rebellion of Silvanus’, in J. W.

Drijvers and D. Hunt (eds), The Late Roman World and its Historian: Interpreting

Ammianus Marcellinus (London, 1999), pp. 46-56

320

Hunt, D., ‘The Successors of Constantine’, in A. Cameron and P. Garnsey (eds),

Cambridge Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 1-43

James, E., ‘Beati Pacifi: Bishops and the Law in Sixth-Century Gaul’, in J. Bossy (ed.),

Disputes and Settlements: Law and Human Relations in the West (Cambridge, 1983),

pp. 25-46

Johnston, M. H., ‘Ordering Houses, Creating Narratives’, in M. Parker-Pearson and C.

Richards (eds), Architecture and Order: Approaches to Social Space (London, 1994),

pp. 170-7

Jones, A. H. M., ‘The Cities of the Roman Empire: Political, Administrative and

Judicial Functions’, in A. H. M. Jones (ed. P. A. Brunt), The Roman Economy: Studies

in Ancient Economic and Administrative History (Oxford, 1974), pp. 1-34

Jones, R. F. L., ‘A False Start? The Roman Urbanisation of Western Europe’, World

Archaeology 19, no. 1 (1987), pp. 47-57

Jones, A. H. M., ‘The Social Background of the Struggle between Paganism and

Christianity’, in A. Momigliano (ed.), The Conflict between Paganism and Christianity

in the Fourth Century (Oxford, 1963), pp. 17-37

Kelly, C., ‘Emperor, Government and Bureaucracy’, in A. Cameron and P. Garnsey

(eds), Cambridge Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 138-83

Kempf, Th. K., ‘Die Konstantinischen Deckenmalereien aus dem Trierer Dom’,

Archӓologisches Korrespondenzblatt 7 (1977), pp. 147-59

Kempf, Th. K., ‘Trierer Domgrabungen 1943-1954’, Neue Ausgrabungen in

Deutschland (Berlin, 1958), pp. 368-79

Kempf, Th. K., ‘Untersuchungen und Beobachtungen am Trierer Dom 1961-1963’,

Germania 42 (1964), pp. 126-41

Kiessel, M., ‘Die Architektur des spӓtantiken Palastareals nordӧstlich und ӧstlich der

spӓtantiken Aula in Trier’, in J. Drauschke et al (eds), Untergang und Neuanfang:

Tagungsbeitrӓge der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Spӓtantike und Frühmittelalter 3 und 4

(Hamburg, 2011), pp. 77-106

Knights, C., The Spatiality of the Roman Domestic Setting: An Interpretation of the

Symbolic Content’, in M. Parker-Pearson and C. Richards (eds), Architecture and

Order: Approaches to Social Space (London, 1994), pp. 113-46

Koch, U., ‘Glas – Luxus der Wohlhabenden’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken: Roms

Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 605-17

Kӧhne, E., ‘Die Gladiatorenkӓmpfe in der Spӓtantike’, in A. Demandt and J. Engemann

(eds), Konstantin der Grosse: Ausstellungskatalog (Mainz, 2007), pp. 351-5

321

Kolb, A., ‘Army and Transport’, in P. Erdkamp (ed.), The Roman Army and the

Economy (Amsterdam, 2002), pp. 161-6

Kolb, F., ‘Das kaiserliche Zeremoniell’, in A. Demandt and J. Engemann (eds),

Konstantin der Grosse: Ausstellungskatalog (Mainz, 2007), pp. 173-8

Kuhnen, H. –P., ‘Das Amphitheater’, in H. –P. Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier

(Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 92-101

Kuhnen, H. -P., ‘Archäologie und Geschichte einer römischen Metropole’, in H. –P.

Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier (Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 12-58

Kuhnen, H. –P., ‘Dom und Liebfrauen: Die Anfänge der Trierer Bischofskirche’, in H.

–P. Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier (Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 114-21

Kuhnen, H. -P., ‘EXTRA MUROS - Routen zu den Grundlagen stӓdtischen Lebens der

Augusta Treverorum’, Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier 30 (1998), pp. 69-78

Kuhnen, H. –P., ‘Die Palastaula (so genannte Basilika) des spätantiken Kaiserpalastes’,

in H. –P. Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier (Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 135-42

Kuhnen, H. –P., ‘Stadtmauer und römische Ruwertal-Wasserleitung im archäologischen

Fenster Schützenstrasse/Bergstrasse’, in H. –P. Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier

(Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 220-2

Kuhnen, H. -P., ‘Zwischen Reichs- und Stadtgeschichte - Trier in Spӓtantike und

Frühmittelalter’ in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken: Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas

(Mainz, 1996), pp. 138-44

Kulikowski, M., ‘Barbarians in Gaul, usurpers in Britain’, Britannia 31 (2000), pp. 325-

45

Kulikowski, M., ‘The Interdependence of Town and Country in Late Antique Spain’, in

T. S. Burns and J. W. Eadie (eds), Urban Centres and Rural Contexts in Late Antiquity

(Michigan, 2001), pp. 147-62

Kulikowski, M., ‘The Late Roman City in Spain’, in J. –U. Krause and C. Witschel

(eds), Die Stadt in der Spӓtantike - Niedergang oder Wandel? (Stuttgart, 2006), pp.

129-94

Kulikowski, M., ‘Two Councils of Turin’, Journal of Theological Studies 47 (April

1996), pp. 159-68

Kulikowski, M., ‘The Western Kingdoms’, in S. F. Johnson (ed.), The Oxford

Handbook of Late Antiquity (Oxford, 2012), pp. 31-59

Lambert, D., ‘The Uses of Decay: History in Salvian’s De gubernatione dei’,

Augustinian Studies 30, issue 2 (1999), pp. 115-30

La Rocca, C., ‘Public buildings and urban change in northern Italy in the early

322

mediaeval period’, in J. Rich (ed.), The City in Late Antiquity (London, 1992), pp. 161-

80

Laurence, R., ‘Space and Text’, in R. Laurence and A. Wallace-Hadrill (eds), Domestic

Space in the Roman World: Pompeii and Beyond (Portsmouth, RI, 1997), pp. 7-14

Lavan, L., ‘The Late Antique City: A Bibliographic Essay’, in L. Lavan (ed.), Recent

Research in Late Antique Urbanism (Portsmouth, Rhode Island, 2001), pp. 9-26

Lavan, L., ‘Late Antique Urban Topography: From Architecture to Human Space’, in L.

Lavan and W. Bowden (eds), Theory and Practice in Late Antique Archaeology

(Leiden, 2003), pp. 171-95

Lavan, L., ‘The praetoria of civil governors in late antiquity’, in L. Lavan (ed.), Recent

Research in Late Antique Urbanism (Portsmouth, Rhode Island, 2001), pp. 39-56

Lavan, L., ‘The Residences of Late Antique Governors: A Gazeteer’, Antiquité Tardive

7 (1999), pp. 135-64

Lebecq, S., ‘Les echanges dans la Gaule du Nord au VIe siècle’, in R. Hodges and W.

Bowman (eds), The Sixth Century: Production, Distribution and Demand (Leiden,

1998), pp. 185-202

Lebecq, S., ‘The Northern Seas’, in P. Fouracre (ed.), The New Cambridge Medieval

History I (Cambridge, 2005), pp. 639-59

Lee, A. D., ‘The Army’, in A. Cameron and P. Garnsey (eds), Cambridge Ancient

History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 211-37

Leone, A., ‘Change or no Change? Revised Perceptions of Urban Transformation in

Late Antiquity’, in P. Baker et al (eds), Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference 98

(Oxford, 1998), pp. 121-30

Lepelly, C., ‘The survival and fall of the classical city in Late Roman Africa’, in J. Rich

(ed.), The City in Late Antiquity (London, 1992), pp. 50-76

Levison, W., ‘Die Entwicklung der Legende Severins von Kӧln’, in W. Levison (ed.),

Aus rheinischer und frӓnkischer Frühzeit (Düsseldorf, 1948), pp. 28-48

Levison, W., ‘Das Werden der Ursula-Legende’, Bonner Jahrbücher 132 (1927), pp. 1-

164

Lewin, A., ‘Urban public building from Constantine to Julian: the epigraphic evidence’,

in L. Lavan (ed.), Recent Research in Late Antique Urbanism (Portsmouth, Rhode

Island, 2001), pp. 27-37

Lewit, T., ‘“Vanishing Villas”: What Happened to Elite Rural Habitation in the West in

the 5th

-6th

C.?’, Journal of Roman Archaeology 16 (2003), pp. 260-74

Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G., ‘Administration and politics in the cities of the fifth to the

323

mid seventh century, 425-640’, in A. Cameron et al (eds), Cambridge Ancient History

XIV (Cambridge, 2000), pp. 207-37

Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G., ‘Cities, taxes and the accommodation of the barbarians’, in

W. Pohl (ed.), Kingdoms of the Empire (Leiden, 1997), pp. 135-51

Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G., ‘The End of the Ancient City’, in J. Rich (ed.), The City in

Late Antiquity (London, 1992), pp. 1-49

Liebeschuetz, J. H. W. G., ‘Violence in the Barbarian Successor Kingdoms’, in H.

Drake et al (eds), Violence in Late Antiquity: Perceptions and Practices (Aldershot,

2006), pp. 37-46

Lim, R., ‘Christianization, Secularization, and the Transformation of Public Life’, in P.

Rousseau (ed.), A Companion to Late Antiquity (Oxford, 2009), pp. 497-511

Lizzi Testa, R., ‘The Late Antique Bishop: Image and Reality’, in P. Rousseau (ed.), A

Companion to Late Antiquity (Oxford, 2009), pp. 525-39

Lo Cascio, E., ‘The new state of Diocletian and Constantine: from the Tetrarchy to the

reunification of the Empire’, in A. K. Bowman et al (eds), Cambridge Ancient History

XII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 170-83

Lӧhr, H., ‘Ausgewӓhlte Forschungsfragen der Trierer Stadtarchӓologie’, in Rettet das

archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier, 2005), pp. 48-50

Lӧhr, H. and Schwinden, L., ‘Die Wasserversorgung’, in Rettet das archӓologische

Erbe in Trier (Trier, 2005), pp. 38-40

Lӧhr, W., ‘Western Christianities’, in A. Casiday and F. W. Norris (eds), Cambridge

History of Christianity (Cambridge, 2007), pp. 9-51

Loseby, S. T., ‘Arles in Late Antiquity: Gallula Roma Arelas and urbs Genesii’, in N.

Christie and S. T. Loseby (eds), Towns in Transition: Urban Evolution in Late Antiquity

and the Early Middle Ages (Aldershot, 1996), pp. 45-70

Loseby, S. T., ‘Bishops and Cathedrals: order and diversity in the fifth-century urban

landscape of southern Gaul’, in J. F. Drinkwater and H. Elton (eds), Fifth-century Gaul:

A Crisis of Identity? (Cambridge, 1992), pp. 144-55

Loseby, S. T., ‘Decline and Change in the Cities of Late Antique Gaul’, in J. –U.

Krause and C. Witschel (eds), Die Stadt in der Spӓtantike - Niedergang oder Wandel?

(Stuttgart, 2006), pp. 67-104

Loseby, S. T., ‘Gregory’s Cities: Urban Functions in Sixth-Century Gaul’, in I. Wood

(ed.), Franks and Alamanni in the Merovingian Period: An Ethnographic Perspective

(Woodbridge, 1998), pp. 239-69

Loseby, S. T., ‘Marseille: A Late Antique Success Story?’, Journal Of Roman Studies

82 (1992), pp. 165-85

324

Loseby, S. T., ‘Marseille and the Pirenne Thesis, I: Gregory of Tours, the Merovingian

kings and “un grand port”’, in R. Hodges and W. Bowman (eds), The Sixth Century:

Production, Distribution and Demand (Leiden, 1998), pp. 203-30

Loseby, S. T., ‘Mediterranean Cities’, in P. Rousseau (ed.), A Companion to Late

Antiquity (Oxford, 2009), pp. 139-55

Loseby, S. T., ‘Urban Failures in Late Antique Gaul’, in T. R. Slater (ed.), Towns in

Decline, 100-1600 (Aldershot, 2000), pp. 72-95

Luik, M., ‘Rӧmische Wirtschaftsmetropole Trier’, Trierer Zeitschrift 64 (2001), pp.

245-282

MacCormack, S., ‘Latin Prose Panegyrics: Tradition and Discontinuity in the Later

Roman Empire’, Revue d’Études Augustiniennes et Patristiques 22 (1976), pp. 2-79

Marrou, H.-I., ‘L’epitaphe vaticane du consulaire de Vienne Eventius’, Revue des

Études anciennes 54 (1952), pp. 326-30

von Massow, W., ‘Der Circus des rӧmischen Trier’, Trierer Zeitschrift 18 (1949), pp.

149-69

Mathisen, R. W., ‘Crossing the Supernatural Frontier in Western Late Antiquity’, in r.

W. Mathisen and H. S. Sivan (eds), Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity (Aldershot,

1996) pp. 309-20

Mathisen, R. W., ‘Violent Behavior and the Construction of Barbarian Identity in Late

Antiquity’, in H. Drake et al (eds), Violence in Late Antiquity: Perceptions and

Practices (Aldershot, 2006), pp. 27-36

McLynn, N., ‘Poetic Creativity and Political Crisis in Early Fifth-Century Gaul’,

Journal of Late Antiquity 2, issue 1 (Spring, 2009), pp. 60-74

Merten, H., ‘Christliche Epigraphik und Archӓologie in Trier seit ihren Anfӓngen’,

Rӧmische Quartalschrift für christliche Altertumskunde und Kirchengeschichte (2011),

pp. 5-26

Miller, D. H., ‘Frontier Societies and the Transition between Late Antiquity and the

Early Middle Ages’, in R. W. Mathisen and H. S. Sivan (eds), Shifting Frontiers in Late

Antiquity (Aldershot, 1996), pp. 158-71

van Minnen, P., ‘The Changing World of the Cities in Later Roman Egypt’, in J. –U.

Krause and C. Witschel (eds), Die Stadt in der Spӓtantike - Niedergang oder Wandel?

(Stuttgart, 2006), pp. 153-80

Mitchell, K., ‘Saints and Public Christianity in the Historiae of Gregory of Tours’, in T.

F. X. Noble and J. J. Contreni (eds), Religion, Culture and Society in the Early Middle

Ages (Michigan, 1987), pp. 77-94

325

Momigliano, A., ‘Introduction. Christianity and the Decline of the Roman Empire’, in

A. Momigliano (ed.), The Conflict between Paganism and Christianity in the Fourth

Century (Oxford, 1963), pp. 1-16

Momigliano, A., ‘Pagan and Christian Historiography in the Fourth Century A.D.’, in

A. Momigliano (ed.), The Conflict between Paganism and Christianity in the Fourth

Century (Oxford, 1963), pp. 79-99

Muhlberger, S., ‘Looking back from mid-century: The Gallic Chronicler of 452 and the

crisis of Honorius’ reign’, in J. F. Drinkwater and H. Elton (eds), Fifth-century Gaul: A

Crisis of Identity? (Cambridge, 1992), pp. 28-37

Neu, S., ‘Zur Rekonstruktion von Kӧlns rӧmischem Nordtor’, Roman Frontier Studies

XVII (1997), pp. 325-36

Newel, N., ‘Die Cyrillus-Inschrift von St Matthias in Trier (RICG I 19): Neue Quellen

zu ihrer Überlieferungsgeschichte – Auswertung ihres Formulars’, Trierer Zeitschrift 58

(1995), pp. 211-65

Newsome, D. J., ‘Making Movement Meaningful’, in R. Laurence and D. J. Newsome

(eds), Rome,Ostia, Pompeii: Movement and Space (Oxford, 2011), pp. 1-54

Niemeyer, H. G., ‘Zur rӧmischen Architektur der Rheinlande’, in Römer am Rhein:

Ausstellung des Römisch-Germanischen Museums, Köln (Cologne, 1967), pp. 35-43

Noble, T. F. X., ‘Introduction: Romans, barbarians and the transformation of the Roman

Empire, in T. F. X. Noble (ed.), From Roman Provinces to Medieval Kingdoms (New

York and London, 2006), pp. 1-28

Nürnberger, G., ‘Die frühchristlichen Baureste der Kӧlner Ursula-Kirche’, in S. Ristow

(ed.), Neue Forschungen zu den Anfӓngen des Christentums im Rheinland (Münster,

2004), pp. 149-72

O’Donnell, J. J., ‘The Aims of Jordanes’, Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte 31

(1982), pp. 223-40

Olster, D., ‘From Periphery to Center: The Transformation of Late Roman Self-

Definition in the Seventh Century’, in R. W. Mathisen and H. S. Sivan (eds), Shifting

Frontiers in Late Antiquity (Aldershot, 1996), pp. 93-102

Pӓffgen, B., ‘Die Ausgrabungen in St Severin zu Kӧln und ihre Bedeutung für die

Christliche Archӓologie im Rheinland’, in S. Ristow (ed.), Neue Forschungen zu den

Anfӓngen des Christentums im Rheinland (Münster, 2004), pp. 173-86

Pӓffgen, B. and Ristow, S., ‘Die Rӧmerstadt Kӧln zur Merowingerzeit’, in R. Kaiser

(ed.), Die Franken. Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996) I, pp. 145-59,

and II, pp. 1113-6

Pӓffgen, B. and Ristow, S., ‘Christentum, Kirchenbau und Sacralkunst im Ӧstlichen

Frankenreich’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken: Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas

326

(Mainz, 1996), pp. 401-15

Pӓffgen, B. and Trier, M., ‘Köln zwischen Spätantike und Frühmittelalter - Eine

Übersicht zu Fragen und Forschungsstand’, Beitrӓge zur Mittelalterarchӓologie 17

(2001), pp. 17-42

Palanque, J.-R., ‘La date du transfert de la Préfecture des Gaules de Trèves à Arles’,

Revue des Etudes Anciennes 36 (1934), pp. 359-65

Parker-Pearson, M. and Richards, C., ‘Ordering the World: Perceptions of Architecture,

Space and Time’, in M. Parker-Pearson and C. Richards (eds), Architecture and Order:

Approaches to Social Space (London, 1994), pp. 1-37

Paterson, J., ‘‘Salvation from the Sea’: Amphorae and Trade in the Roman West’,

Journal of Roman Studies 72 (1982), pp. 146-57

Pause, C., ‘Stukkateur und Steinmetzarbeiten’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken: Roms

Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 594-8

Percival, J., ‘Villas and Monasteries in late Roman Gaul’, Journal of Ecclesiastical

History 48, issue 1 (January 1997) pp. 1-21

Perin, P., ‘Settlements and Cemeteries in Merovingian Gaul’, in K. Mitchell and I.

Wood (eds), The World of Gregory of Tours (Leiden, 2002), pp. 67-98

von Petrikovits, H., ‘Fortifications in the North-Western Roman Empire from the Third

to the Fifth Centuries AD’, Journal of Roman Studies 61 (1970), pp. 178-218

von Petrikovits, H., ‘Die rӧmischen Provinzen am Rhine und an der oberen und

mittleren Donau im 5. Jahrhundert n. Chr. Ein Vergleich’, Sitzungsberichte der

Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften (1983), pp. 1-42

Pfahl, S. F., ‘Der Stadtplan des römischen Trier im Lichte neuer Ausgrabungen in

Wohnquartieren’, in H. –P. Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier (Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 58-

69

Pohl, W., ‘Perceptions of Barbarian Violence’, in H. Drake et al (eds), Violence in Late

Antiquity: Perceptions and Practices (Aldershot, 2006), pp. 15-26

Polaschek, K., ‘Zeugnisse zur Bekleidungsindustrie im rӧmischen Trier und

Umgebung’, Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier 1969-1979 (1974), pp. 213-23

Poulter, A., ‘Cataclysm on the Lower Danube: The Destruction of a Complex Roman

Landscape’ in N. Christie (ed.), Landscapes of Change: Rural Evolutions in Late

Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Aldershot, 2004), pp. 223-53

Poulter, A., ‘The use and abuse of urbanism in the Danubian provinces during the Later

Roman Empire’, in J. Rich (ed.), The City in Late Antiquity (London, 1992), pp. 99-135

Precht, G., ‘Ausgrabungen im Bereich des Castellum Divitia. Vorbericht über die

327

Kastellgrabungen’, Kölner Jahrbuch 13 (1975), pp. 120-8

Rapp, C., ‘Saints and Holy Men’, in A. Casiday and F. W. Norris (eds), Cambridge

History of Christianity (Cambridge, 2007), pp. 548-66

Reichmann, C., ‘Gelduba (Krefeld-Gellep) als Fernhandelsplatz’, in T. Grünewald (ed.),

Germania Inferior: Besiedlung, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft an der Grenze der rӧmisch-

germanischen Welt (Berlin, 2001), pp. 480-516

Reusch, W., ‘Kaiserlichen Profanbauten in Trier’, Akten des 7. internationalen

Kongresses für christliche Archӓologie: Trier, 5-11 September 1965 (Vatican City,

1969), pp. 681-2

Riemer, E., ‘Konstantinopel – Ravenna – Trier’, in M. Kӧnig (ed.), Palatia:

Kaiserpalӓste in Konstantinopel, Ravenna und Trier (Trier, 2003), pp. 13-26

Rippoll, G. and Arce, J., ‘The Transformation and End of Roman Villae in the West

(Fourth-Seventh Centuries: Problems and Perspectives)’, in G. P. Brogiolo et al (eds),

Towns and Their Territories between Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Leiden,

2000), pp. 63-114

Ristow, S., ‘Das Baptisterium im Osten des Kӧlner Domes’, Kӧlner Domblatt (1993),

pp. 291-312

Ristow, S., ‘Frühmittelalterliche Nutzung über rӧmischen Resten in westlichen

Suburbium des rӧmischen Kӧln – Ausgrabungen unter und in der Umgebung der Kirche

St Pantaleon’, in J. Drauschke et al (eds), Untergang und Neuanfang: Tagungsbeitrӓge

der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Spӓtantike und Frühmittelalter 3 und 4 (Hamburg, 2011), pp.

191-204

Ristow, S., ‘Kontinuitӓt und Nutzungswandel: Spӓtantike und frühmittelalterliche

Funde und Befunde aus der Kӧlner Domgrabung’, Kontinuitӓtsfragen mittlere

Kaiserzeit – Spӓtantike, Spӓtantike – Frühmittelalter, BAR International Series 1468

(Oxford, 2006), pp. 45-53

Ristow, S., ‘Die spӓtantiken Kirchen unter dem Kӧlner Dom’, in S. Ristow (ed.), Neue

Forschungen zu den Anfӓngen des Christentums im Rheinland (Münster, 2004), pp. 93-

122

Ristow, S., ‘Zur Frage einer frühchristlichen Bischofskirche unter dem Kӧlner Dom’,

Jahrbuch für Antike und Christentum 40 (1997), pp. 178-99

Ristow, S., and Pӓffgen, B., ‘Frӓnkische Kӧnige in Kӧln: Frauen- und Knabengrab unter

dem Kӧlner Domchor’, in W. Rosen et al (eds), Quellen zur Geschichte der Stadt Kӧln I

(Cologne, 1999), pp. 64-8

Reynaud, J. -F., ‘Text and Excavation: Some Problems in the Theory and Practice of

Late Antique Monumental Archaeology’, trans. B. K. Young, in C. E. Karkov et al

(eds), Spaces of the Living and the Dead (Oxford, 1999), pp. 27-38

328

Roberts, M., ‘Barbarians in Gaul: The response of the poets’, in J. F. Drinkwater and H.

Elton (eds), Fifth-century Gaul: A Crisis of Identity (Cambridge, 1992), pp. 97-106

Rodriguez, J. R., ‘Baetica and Germania. Notes on the concept of ‘provincial

interdependence’ in the Roman Empire’, in P. Erdkamp (ed.), The Roman Army and the

Economy (Amsterdam, 2002), pp. 293-308

Roller, O., ‘Wirtschaft und Verkehr’, in H. Cüppers (ed.), Die Rӧmer in Rheinland-

Pfalz (Stuttgart, 1990), pp. 258-96

Sanderson, W., ‘Review: The Early Mediaeval Crypts of St Maximin at Trier’, Journal

of the Society of Architectural Historians 24, no. 4 (December, 1965), pp. 303-10

Sapin, C., ‘Architecture and Funerary Space in the Early Middle Ages’, in C. E. Karkov

et al (eds), Spaces of the Living and the Dead (Oxford, 1999), pp. 39-60

Sarris, P., ‘Continuity and Discontinuity in the post-Roman Economy’, Journal of

Agrarian Change 6, no. 3 (July, 2006), pp. 400-13

Schalles, H.-J., ‘Die Wirtschaftskraft stӓdtischer Siedlungen am Niederrhein: Zur Frage

der wirtschaftlichen Beziehungen des rӧmischen Xanten mit seinem Umland’, in T.

Grünewald (ed.), Germania Inferior: Besiedlung, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft an der

Grenze der rӧmisch-germanischen Welt (Berlin, 2001), pp. 431-63

Scharf, R., ‘Iovinus: Kaiser in Gallien’, Francia 20 (1993), pp. 1-13

Schindler, R., ‘Das Strassennetz des rӧmischen Trier’, in Festschrift 100 Jahre

Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier: Beiträge zur Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer

Landes, Trierer Grabungen und Forschungen 14 (Mainz, 1979), pp. 121-209

Schindler, R., ‘Trier im merowingischer Zeit’, in H. Jankuhn et al (eds), Vor- und

Frühformen der Europӓischen Stadt im Mittelalter I (Gӧttingen, 1973), pp. 130-51

Schmauder, M., ‘The Relationship between Frankish Gens and Regnum: A Proposal

Based on the Archaeological Evidence’, in H. –W. Goetz et al (eds), Regna and Gentes:

The Relationship between Late Antique and Early Medieval Peoples and Kingdoms in

the Transformation of the Roman World (Leiden, 2003), pp. 271-306

Schmitz, W., ‘Spӓtantike und frühmittelalterliche Grabinschriften als Zeugnisse der

Besiedlungs- und Sprachkontinuitӓt in den germanischen und gallischen Provinzen’, in

T. Grünewald (ed.), Germania Inferior: Besiedlung, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft an der

Grenze der rӧmisch-germanischen Welt (Berlin, 2001), pp. 261-305

Schmitz, W., ‘Die spӓtantiken und frühmittelalterlichen Grabinschriften in Kӧln (4-7.

Jahrh. n. Chr.), Kӧlner Jahrbuch für Vor- und Frühgeschichte 28 (1995), pp. 643-776

Schmitz, W., ‘Zur Ursprung der Ursulalegende: die Inschrift des Clematius’, in W.

Rosen et al (eds), Quellen zur Geschichte der Stadt Kӧln I (Cologne, 2000), pp. 53-9

329

Scholz, S., ‘Institutionalisierung der Christengemeinde in Kӧln: Die Erwӓhnung eines

Bischofs namens Maternus’, in W. Rosen et al (eds), Quellen zur Geschichte der Stadt

Kӧln I (Cologne, 1999), pp. 43-5

Schӧnberger, H., ‘Das Ende oder das Fortleben spӓtrӧmischer Stӓdte an Rhein und

Donau’, in H. Jankuhn et al (eds), Vor- und Frühformen der europӓischen Stadt im

Mittelalter. Bericht über ein Symposium in Rheinhausen bei Gӧttingen vom 18. bis 24.

April 1972 (Gӧttingen, 1975), pp. 102-9

Schütte, S., ‘Continuity problems and Authority Structures in Cologne’, in G. Ausenda

(ed.), After Empire (Woodbridge, 1995), pp. 163-8

Schwab, O., ‘Der Spӓtantike Gruendungsbau’, in A. Odenthal and A. Gerhards (eds),

Martyrergrab, Kirchenraum, Gottesdienst (Siegburg, 2005), p. 25-64

Schwinden, L., ‘Die Porta Nigra’, in H. –P. Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier

(Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 143-57

Schwinden, L., ‘Das rӧmische Trier seit der Mitte des 4. Jahrhunderts’, in Trier:

Kaiserresidenz und Bischofssitz (Mainz, 1984), pp. 34-48

Schwinden, L., ‘Kaisertreue II. Ein dritter Fingerring aus Trier mit Inschrift ‘fidem

Constantino’, Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier 37 (2005), pp. 50-7

Schwinden, L., ‘Ruwerwasserleitung’, in Rettet das archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier,

2005), pp. 88-9

Schwinden, L., ‘Sankt Maximin: Antiker Bestattungsplatz und frühchristliche

Verehrungsstätte im Norden Triers’, in H. –P. Kuhnen (ed.), Das römische Trier

(Stuttgart, 2001), pp. 188-201

Scott, S., ‘Elites, Exhibitionism and the Society of the Late Roman Villa’ in N. Christie

(ed.), Landscapes of Change: Rural Evolutions in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle

Ages (Aldershot, 2004), pp. 39-65

Seiler, S., ‘Ausgrabungen in der Kirche St Kolumba in Kӧln’, Zeitschrift für

Archӓologie des Mittelalters 5 (1977), pp. 97-119

Seiler, S., ‘Die Kirche St Kolumba in Kӧln und ihre romanischen Vorgӓngerbauten’,

Colonia Romanica. Jahrbuch des Fӧrdervereins Romanische Kirchen Kӧln 4 (1989),

pp. 146-57

Shaw, B. D., ‘War and Violence’, in G. W. Bowersock et al (eds), Interpreting Late

Antiquity: Essays on the Postclassical World (Cambridge, MA, 2001), pp. 130-69

Sivan, H. S, ‘Town and country in late antique Gaul: The example of Bordeaux’, in J.

Drinkwater and H. Elton (eds), Fifth-century Gaul: A Crisis of Identity? (Cambridge,

1992), pp. 132-43

Sivan, H. S., ‘Why Not Marry a Barbarian? Marital Frontiers in Late Antiquity’, in R.

330

W. Mathisen and H. S. Sivan (eds), Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity (Aldershot,

1996), pp. 136-45

Slater, T. R. and Higgins, J. P. P., ‘What is Urban Decline: Desolation, Decay and

Destruction, or an Opportunity?’, in T. R. Slater (ed.), Towns in Decline AD 100-1600

(Aldershot, 2000), pp. 1-24

Staab, F., ‘Die Rheinfranken und das Reich von Kӧln’, in R. Kaiser (ed.), Die Franken.

Roms Erben und Wegbereiter Europas (Mainz, 1996), pp. 237-40

Steinhausen, J., ‘Hieronymus und Laktanz in Trier’, Trierer Zeitschrift 20 (1951), pp.

126-54

Stern, E. M., ‘Roman Glassblowing in a Cultural Context’, American Journal of

Archaeology 103, issue 3 (July, 1999), pp. 441-84

Steuer, H., ‘Stadtarchӓologie in Kӧln’, Lübecker Schriften zur Archӓologie und

Kulturgeschichte 14 (1988), pp. 55-76

Thacker, A., ‘Loca Sanctorum: The Significance of Pace in the Study of the Saints’, in

A. Thacker and R. Sharpe (eds), Local Saints and Local Churches in the Early Medieval

West (Oxford, 2002), pp. 1-44

Thacker, A., ‘The Making of a Local Saint’, in A. Thacker and R. Sharpe (eds), Local

Saints and Local Churches in the Early Medieval West (Oxford, 2002), pp. 45-74

Thomas, E., ‘Bemerkungen zum Circus des rӧmischen Kӧln’, Boreas 7 (1984), pp. 157-

71

Thomas, R., ‘Rӧmische Wandmalerei in Kӧln’, in H. Hellenkemper (ed.), Archӓologie

in Nordrhein-Westfalen: Geschichte im Herzen Europas (Cologne, 1990), pp. 209-15

Thompson, E. A., ‘Christianity and the Northern Barbarians’, in A. Momigliano (ed.),

The Conflict between Paganism and Christianity in the Fourth Century (Oxford, 1963),

pp. 56-78

Todd, M., ‘The Germanic Peoples’, in A. Cameron and P. Garnsey (eds), Cambridge

Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 461-86

Trier, M., ‘Kӧln am Übergang von der Antike zum Mittelalter im Speigel der

Ausgrabungsergebnisse, in Kontinuitӓtsfragen mittlere Kaiserzeit – Spӓtantike,

Spӓtantike – Frühmittelalter, BAR International Series 1468 (Oxford, 2006), pp. 89-98

Trier, M., ‘Kӧln im frühen Mittelalter: zur Stadt des 5. bis 10. Jahrhunderts aufgrund

archӓologischer Quellen’, in J. Henning (ed.), Europa im 10. Jahrhundert: Archӓologie

einer Aufbruchszeit (Mainz, 2002), pp. 301-10

Trier, M., ‘Zur frühmittelalterlichen Topographie von Worringen, Stadt Köln’, Kölner

Jahrbuch 40 (2007), pp. 351-71

331

Uhalde, K., ‘Proof and Reproof: The Judicial Component of Episcopal Confrontation’,

Early Medieval Europe 8 (1999), pp. 1-11

Van Dam, R., ‘Bishops and Society’, in A. Casiday and F. W. Norris (eds), Cambridge

History of Christianity (Cambridge, 2007), pp. 343-66

Van Dam, R., ‘Merovingian Gaul and the Frankish Conquests’, in P. Fouracre (ed.), The

New Cambridge Medieval History I: c. 500 – c. 700 (Cambridge, 2005), pp. 193-231

Van Dam, R., ‘The Pirenne Thesis and fifth-century Gaul’, in J. F. Drinkwater and H.

Elton (eds), Fifth-century Gaul: A Crisis of Identity?(Cambridge, 1992), pp. 321-34

Van Ossel, P. and Ouzoulias, P., ‘Rural Settlement Economy in Northern Gaul in the

Late Empire’, Journal of Roman Archaeology 13 (2000), pp. 133-60

Verhulst, A., ‘Roman cities, emporia and new towns (sixth-ninth centuries)’, in I. L.

Hansen and C. Wickham (eds), The Long Eighth Century (Leiden, 2000), pp. 105-20

Verstegen, U., ‘Spӓtantike Grabbau oder Kirche?’, in S. Ristow (ed.), Neue

Forschungen zu den Anfӓngen des Christentums im Rheinland (Münster, 2004), pp.

123-48

Visy, Z., ‘Towns, Vici and Villae: Late Roman Military Society on the Frontiers of the

Province Valeria’, in T. S. Burns and J. W. Eadie (eds), Urban Centres and Rural

Contexts in Late Antiquity (Michigan, 2001), pp. 163-84

Vittinghof, F., ‘Die Struktur der spӓtantiken Stadt’, in H. Jankuhn et al (eds), Vor- und

Frühformen der europӓischen Stadt im Mittelalter. Bericht über ein Symposium in

Rheinhausen bei Gӧttingen vom 18. bis 24. April 1972 (Gӧttingen, 1975), pp. 92-101

Walthew, C.V., ‘Early Roman Town Development in Galla Belgica: a Review of Some

Problems’, Oxford Journal of Archaeology 1 (1982), pp. 225-36

Ward-Perkins, B., ‘407 and All That: Retrospective’, Journal of Late Antiquity 2, issue

1 (Spring 2009), pp. 75-8 Ward-Perkins, B., ‘Constantinople: A City and its Ideological Territory’, in G. P.

Brogiolo et al (eds), Towns and their Territories between late Antiquity and the early

Middle Ages (Leiden, 2000), pp. 325-46

Ward-Perkins, B., ‘Continuitists, Catastrophists, and the Towns of post-Roman

Northern Italy’, Papers of the British School at Rome 65 (1997), pp. 157-76

Ward-Perkins, B., ‘The Cities’, in A. Cameron and P. Garnsey (eds), Cambridge

Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 371-410

Ward-Perkins, B., ‘Land, Labour and Settlement’, in A. Cameron et al (eds), Cambridge

Ancient History XIV (Cambridge, 2000), pp. 315-45

Ward-Perkins, B., ‘Re-using the Architectural Legacy of the Past’, in G. P. Brogiolo

332

and B. Ward-Perkins (eds), The Idea and Ideal of the Town between Late Antiquity and

the Early Middle Ages (Leiden,1999), pp. 225-44

Ward-Perkins, B., ‘Specialised Production and Exchange’, in A. Cameron et al (eds),

Cambridge Ancient History XIV (Cambridge, 2000), pp. 346-91

Ward-Perkins, B., ‘Urban Continuity?’, in N. Christie and S. T. Loseby (eds), Towns in

Transition: Urban Evolution in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Aldershot,

1996), pp. 4-19

Weber, W., ‘Archӓologische Zeugnisse aus der Spӓtantike und dem Frühmittelalter zur

Geschichte der Kirche im Bistum Trier’, in H. Heinen et al (eds), Im Umbruch der

Kulturen: Spӓtantike und Frühmittelalter. Geschichte des Bistums Trier, Band I (Trier,

2003), pp. 407-541

Weber, W., ‘Dom und Liebfrauenkirche’, in K. –P. Goethert and W. Weber (eds),

Rӧmerbauten in Trier: Porta Nigra, Amphitheater, Barbarathermen, Thermen am

Viehmarkt, Kaiserthermen (Regensburg, 2010), pp. 181-99

Weber, W., ‘Kirchenanlage im Bereich von Dom und Liebfrauen’, in Rettet das

archӓologische Erbe in Trier (Trier, 2005), pp. 64-9

Weber, W., ‘Neue Forschungen zur Trierer Domgrabung: Die archäologischen

Ausgrabungen im Garten der Kurie von der Leyen’, in S. Ristow (ed.), Neue

Forschungen zu den Anfӓngen des Christentums im Rheinland (Münster, 2004), pp.

225-34

Weber, W., ‘Von der frühchristlichen Kirche zum gotischen Juwel – archӓologische

Ergebnisse zu den Vorgӓngerbauten und zur Gründungsphase der Liebfrauenkirche’, in

H. W. Ehlen (ed.), “Die Rose neu erblühen lassen...”: Festschrift zur Wiedererӧffnung

der Liebfrauen-Basilika zu Trier (Trier, 2011), pp. 27-52

Weyres, W., ‘Die Domgrabung XXIII’, Kӧlner Domblatt 46 (1981), pp. 123-74

Weyres, W., ‘Die Domgrabung XXIV’, Kӧlner Domblatt 47 (1982), pp. 117-26

Weyres, W., ‘Die Domgrabung XVI. Die frühchristlichen Bischofskirchen und

Baptistieren’, Kӧlner Domblatt 30 (1969), pp. 121-36

Weyres, W., ‘Die Domgrabung XXIX’, Kӧlner Domblatt 52 (1987), pp. 109-18

Whitby, M., ‘Factions, Bishops, Violence and Urban Decline’, in J. –U. Krause and C.

Witschel (eds), Die Stadt in der Spӓtantike - Niedergang oder Wandel? (Stuttgart,

2006), pp. 441-61

Whitby, M., ‘The Army: c. 420-602’, in A. Cameron et al (eds), Cambridge Ancient

History XIV (Cambridge, 2000), pp. 288-314

Whittaker, C. R., ‘Late Roman trade and traders’, in P. Garnsey et al (eds), Trade in the

Ancient Economy (London, 1983), pp. 163-80

333

Whittaker, C. R., ‘Rural Life in the Later Roman Empire’, in A. Cameron and P.

Garnsey (eds), Cambridge Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 277-311

Whittaker, C. R. and Garnsey, P., ‘Rural Life in the Later Roman Empire’, in A.

Cameron and P. Garnsey (eds), Cambridge Ancient History XIII Garnsey (Cambridge,

1998), pp. 277-311

Whittow, M., ‘Ruling the late Roman and early Byzantine City’, Past and Present 129

(November, 1990), pp. 3-29

Wickham, C., ‘Marx, Sherlock Holmes, and Late Roman Commerce’, The Journal of

Roman Studies 78 (1988), pp. 183-93

Wickham, C., ‘Overview: Production, distribution and demand’, in R. Hodges and W.

Bowman (eds), The Sixth Century: Production, Distribution and Demand (Leiden,

1998), pp. 279-92

Wickham, C., ‘The Other Transition: From the Ancient World to Feudalism’, Past and

Present 103 (May, 1984), pp. 3-36

Wierschowski, L., ‘Cugerner, Baetasier, Traianenser und Bataver im überregionalen

Handel der Kaiserzeit nach den epigraphischen Zeugnissen’, in T. Grünewald (ed.),

Germania Inferior: Besiedlung, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft an der Grenze der rӧmisch-

germanischen Welt (Berlin, 2001), pp. 409-30

Wierschowski, L., ‘Das rӧmische Heer und die ӧkonomische Entwicklung Germaniens

in den ersten Jahrzehnten des 1. Jahrhunderts’, in P. Erdkamp (ed.), The Roman Army

and the Economy (Amsterdam, 2002), pp. 264-92

Wightman, E. M., ‘The towns of Gaul with special reference to the North-East’, in M.

W. Barley (ed.), European Towns, Their Archaeology and Early History (London,

1977), pp. 303-311

Wilson, A., ‘Machines, Power and the Ancient Economy’, The Journal of Roman

Studies 92 (2002), pp. 1-32

Witschel, C., ‘Re-evaluating the Roman West in the 3rd

C. AD’, Journal of Roman

Archaeology 17 (2004), pp. 251-81

Witschel, C., ‘Trier und das spӓtantike Stӓdtewesen im Westen des rӧmischen Reiches’,

Trierer Zeitschrift 67/8 (2004-5), pp. 223-72

Wood, I., ‘Administration, law and culture in Merovingian Gaul’, in T. F. X. Noble

(ed.), From Roman Provinces to Medieval Kingdoms (New York and London, 2006),

pp.358-75

Wood, I., ‘Barbarian Invasions and First Settlements’, in A. Cameron and P. Garnsey

(eds), Cambridge Ancient History XIII (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 516-37

334

Wood, I., ‘Constructing Cults in Early Medieval France: Local Saints and Churches in

Burgundy and the Auvergne 400-1000’, in A. Thacker R. Sharpe (eds), Local Saints

and Local Churches in the Early Medieval West (Oxford, 2002), pp. 155-88

Wood, I., ‘Continuity or calamity: the constraints of literary models’, in Fifth-century

Gaul: A Crisis of Identity?, ed. J. F. Drinkwater and H. Elton (Cambridge, 1992), pp. 9-

18

Wood, I., ‘Defining the Franks: Frankish origins in early medieval historiography’, in T.

F. X. Noble (ed.), From Roman Provinces to Medieval Kingdoms (New York and

London, 2006), pp. 110-19

Wood, I., ‘The ecclesiastical politics of Merovingian Clermont’, in P. Wormald et al

(eds), Ideal and Reality in Frankish and Anglo-Saxon Society (Oxford, 1983), pp. 34-57

Wood, I., ‘The Franks and Papal Theology’, in C. Chazelle and C. Cubitt (eds), The

Crisis of the Oikoumene: The Three Chapters and the Failed Quest for Unity in the

Sixth-Century Mediterranean (Turnhout, 2007), pp. 223-42

Wood, I., ‘The frontiers of western Europe: developments east of the Rhine in the sixth

century’, in R. Hodges and W. Bowman (eds), The Sixth Century: Production,

Distribution and Demand (Leiden, 1998), pp. 321-54

Young, B., ‘Sacred Topography: The Impact of the funerary basilica in Late Antique

Gaul’, in R. W. Mathisen and D. Shanzer (eds), Society and Culture in Late Antique

Gaul (Aldershot, 2001), pp. 169-86

Zahn, E., ‘Die Porta Nigra in nachrӧmischen Zeit’, in E. Gose (ed.), Die Porta Nigra in

Trier (Berlin, 1969), pp. 107-51

Unpublished Secondary Sources

Lambert, D., ‘History and Community in the Works of Salvian of Marseille’

(unpublished D.Phil thesis, Brasenose College, Oxford, 2002)

Online Resources

Rӧmische Inschriften Datenbank 24: www.rid24.de