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Bian : Phoneme in Functional and Structural Phonology

neutralization and archiphoneme may be taken) and living in better and more peacefulenvironment, he founded a branch of the Functional and Structural linguistics that issometimes called Neo-Praguian (cf. Akamatsu 1988) and sometimes just theFunctionalist School or simply Functionalism (cf. Akamatsu 2001). No matter how it is

called and though with the same background, the Functionalism represents today aseparate linguistic school and is in many respects different to the present day linguiststhat are concentrated around the renewed edition of TCLP. As regards the field ofphonology, the present writer regards the Functionalism to be the true continuation ofFunctional and Structural phonology and it is the stance of the Functionalism that will beexamined in the present paper.

If the Prague School is associated with a number of names, the Functionalism is, ifrecognized at all, mostly associated with the name of Andr Martinet. Although he haswritten the most important works concerned with theories of the Functionalism (or

better, creating the theories within the works) and of Functional and Structuralphonology of the post-Trubetzkoyan era as such, he is certainly not the only person to beassociated with the Functionalism. He had many pupils and has had many adherentsthroughout the world. A number of people may be mentioned: Jan W. F. Mulder, NielsDavidsen-Nielsen, Robert Vion, Eric Buyssens, Henriette Walter and at last, thoughmost importantly as regards Functional phonology, Tsutomu Akamatsu (see Akamatsu1988:16-17).

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