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Creativity via Big Data
from Big Data to Computational Thinking to Creative Problem-solving
Kim Flintoff Academic Engagement Developer Curtin Teaching and Learning
I acknowledge the Nyungar Wadjuk people as the tradi8onal owners of country on which Cur8n’s Bentley
campus sits.
I wish to acknowledge their con8nuing connec8on to land, sea and community and I pay my respects to them and their culture; and to elders past, present and future.
Abstract
Einstein published his ideas and became a pivotal element in shifting the way we think about physics - from the Newtonian model to the Quantum - in turn this changed the way we think about the world and allowed us to develop new ways of engaging with the world.
We are at a similar juncture. The development of computational technologies allows us to think about “astronomical” volumes of data and to make meaning of that data.
The mindshift that occurs is that “the machine is our friend”. The computer, like all machines, extends our capabilities. As a consequence the types of thinking now required in industry are those that get away from thinking like a computer and shift towards creative engagement with possibilities. Logical thinking is still necessary but it starts to be driven by imagination.
Computational thinking and data science change the way we think about defining and solving problems.
The age of creativity - which increasingly extends its impact from arts applications to business, scientific, technological, entrepreneurship, political, and other contexts.
02
Einstein Schrödinger
Gödel Bohr
http://tiny.cc/data-kf
Square Kilometre Array / Murchison Widefield Array
Presentation TimelineMaking time for discussion
02.00
Cloud computing
05.00
Big Data
05.00
Internet of Everything
07.00
Analytics and Visualisation
5.00
Teaching and Learning
05.00
Data Management
15.00
Q & A
03
04
Innovating learning for Curtin centres
upon building a highly media rich,
interactive and personalised learning
experience for all our learners. To
facilitate this, CTL are working on a
number of internationally leading
projects and programs.
History
Curtin Teaching and LearningStrategic Innovations in Learning Engagement
01
“ New technologies have resulted in unprecedented global competition and enabled learning to be delivered effectively on a much larger scale. “
05Our ChallengeTransforming Teaching and Learning
students have unprecedented choice
technology has removed geographic boundaries
employers expect job ready leaders
0106Your presenterKim Flintoff
Mr. Kim Flintoff
@kimbowa
+KimFlintoff
facebook.com/kimbowa
Academic Engagement Developer
Strategic Innovations in Learning Engagement
Teacher, researcher, scholar
Current work focusses include games and
gamification in learning contexts, new platforms
for collaborative global learning, challenge-based
engagement, sustainability education, learning
by making, trasnmedia approaches to learning
engagement, microcredentialling and badging
approaches, computational learning, learning
analytics and other big data strategies in the
higher education sector.
0107What is “the cloud”and where is it?
Mr. Kim Flintoff
@kimbowa
+KimFlintoff
facebook.com/kimbowa
In many ways, the cloud is everywhere.
“The cloud” is a metaphor for a seemingly
amorphorous network of computers.
The types of computers vary and have many
purposes - processing, storage, service delivery,
servers, etc.
The great benefit of “the cloud” is that it enables
you to access and store the tools and
information you need from anywhere in the
world that is connected.
For most of us “the cloud” is the internet.
The Beginners Guide to the Cloud - http://mashable.com/2013/08/26/what-is-the-cloud/
0108What is “data”and where is it?
Is any collection of things that you intend to make
meaning from. It might come in the form of
numbers, words, pictures, stories, colours, sounds,
measurements, observations, descriptions.
Without context its has limited value or meaning.
Big data in many cases refers to the ability to create
this meaning from available data sources
Data can be structured, semi-structured or
unstructured.
Information - is data that has a known context, has
been processed in some way and can be applied to
some form of problem-solving or meaning-making.
What is Data - https://youtu.be/EMHP-q4GEDc
0109Types of dataQualitative and quantitative
Qualitative and quantitative data - simple
distinction is things that can be expressed
in numbers (quantitative) and those that
are not (qualitative) - but qualitative data
can be expressed numerically and
quantitative data is based upon
qualitative judgements
Data can be structured, semi-structured
or unstructured.
Types of Data - http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/datatype.php
Q. What quantitative data could I generate about this?
Q. What qualitative data could I generate about this?
Q. Can data tell me if I will enjoy it?
Time to serve, bacteria count, degree of similarity between item served and item advertised, verbal exchanges around the product, attention to detail….
0110Managing dataSecurity, databases, metadata
Types of Data - http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/datatype.php
Database - a structured organisation of a
collection of data.
Metadata - labelling data to make it more
manageable (search terms, keywords,
descriptions, labels, categories, etc)
Data cleansing - ensuring the accuracy of
data
0111Big dataWhat is it, and where does it come from?
Photo credit: - https://flic.kr/p/da8jMn
Big data is a term normally used to
describe data collections that are so large
or so complex that they require computer
assisted analysis in order to present the
material in a human accessible form.
The term is being applied to the complex
process of collecting, managing, analysing,
representing and developing insights.
1. Portentous2. Perverse3. Personal4. Productive5. Partial6. Practices7. Predictive8. Political9. Provocative10. Privacy11. Polyvalent12. Polymorphous13. Playful
13 Ps of Big Data
13 “P”s of Big Data - https://simplysociology.wordpress.com/2015/05/11/the-thirteen-ps-of-big-data/ Portentous, Perverse, Personal, Productive, Partial, Practices, Predictive, Political, Provocative, Privacy, Polyvalent, Polymorphous, PlayfulDeborah Lupton
5 “V”s of Big Data - http://www.ats.avnet.com/na/en-us/news/Pages/The-5-Vs-of-Big-Data.aspxVolume, Velocity, Variety, Veracity, Value
0112Big dataHow do we get it, what do we do with it.
Photo credit: - https://www.flickr.com/photos/keoni101/7069578953/in/photostream/ (Image by Keoni Cabral CC 2.0)
Estimates suggest that the vast majority of data is unstructured.
Human activity generates data.
Sources of human data - behaviour, answering questions, biological data, measurements,
wearable technology, online behaviour, interaction with devices, machines, etc. spending,
buying, games, etc…
Other types of data - anything we count, record, measure, etc
What examples can the group suggest?
0113Big data and businessIts happening now
Further reading: Secure Development of Internet of Things Products for Education http://www.educause.edu/blogs/vvogel/secure-development-internet-things-products-education
Three main areas:
• decision making capabilities
• business intelligence - discovery and insights
• automation
and can be applied across many business functions:
• marketing
• market research
• design
• planning
• manufacturing
• invention
• research and development
• customer service
Ian Blevin referred to business intelligence, data and decision making over a 3 year cycle. Big data may drive shifts to even more adaptive and responsive approaches… supply chain, demand, etc.
Businesses will increasingly have access to open data repositories. Business solutions will be subject to Creative Commons licensing.
http://pennystocks.la/internet-in-real-time/
0114Big data and businessIts happening now
Source: The Internet in Real-Time - http://pennystocks.la/internet-in-real-time/
Businesses will increasingly have access to open data repositories. Business solutions will be subject to Creative Commons licensing.
http://pennystocks.la/internet-in-real-time/
Kobalt, the London-based startup that has built big-data technology to track and collect digital music royalties from across multiple streaming platforms, is turning up the volume on its business. The company has quietly acquired and redesigned one of the main collection agencies in the U.S. — the American Mechanical Rights Agency. http://techcrunch.com/2015/06/08/kobalt-quietly-acquired-amra-to-launch-its-own-global-collection-group-for-digital-music/
0115Open access dataRe-use real world data for learning
Activity Using one of the sources listed here locate data sets that might be useful in the context of your teaching.
https://researchdata.ands.org.au/
http://www.data.gov/http://www.data.gov/
http://datacatalog.worldbank.org/
http://www.opendataresearch.org/emergingimpacts
http://blog.visual.ly/data-sources/
0116Big data in educationsometimes called “learning analytics”
Tin Can (Experience) API - http://tincanapi.com/overview/
0117The Internet of Thingsthe world of connected everything
Governance and Recordkeeping Around the World Newsletter (April 2015) http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/services/government-information-resources/information-management/Documents/april-2015.pdf
“Approximately 14 billion objects (things) are connected to the Internet and is growing. We are now entering a new phase in how these objects are used and what will be their impact. The IoT brings with it enormous opportunities, to both the private and public sectors, in all areas including the management of information throughout its lifecycle.”
18
6 connected things per human by 2020 - http://images.info.polycom.com/Web/PolycomInc/%7Bb218e958-d861-449d-9262-fe694a5eab98%7D_bb-annualreport2012.pdf
0118The Internet of Thingswhat might it look like?
What is the Internet of Things (Infographic) - http://www.visualcapitalist.com/what-is-internet-things/
“Thingful® is a search engine for the Internet of
Things, providing a unique geographical index of
connected objects around the world, including
energy, radiation, weather, and air quality devices
as well as seismographs, iBeacons, ships, aircraft
and even animal trackers. Thingful’s powerful
search capabilities enable people to find devices,
datasets and realtime data sources by geolocation
across many popular Internet of Things networks,
and presents them using a proprietary patent-
pending geospatial device data search ranking
methodology, ThingRank®.”
0119The Internet of ThingsBecomes searchable
What is the Internet of Things (Infographic) - http://www.visualcapitalist.com/what-is-internet-things/
“Shodan is the world's first search engine for
Internet-connected devices.”
0120The Internet of ThingsCisco Internet of Everything (IoE) Innovation Centre (CIIC)
What is the Internet of Things (Infographic) - http://www.visualcapitalist.com/what-is-internet-things/
“Curtin University will host the Western Australian
hub of the Cisco Internet of Everything (IoE)
Innovation Centre (CIIC)”
Cisco IoE Innovation Centre Australia helps local
and global organisations improve business
outcomes. As an innovation centre and workplace
for customers, partners, startups, universities and
open communities, we're doing this in three ways:
• Demonstrating IoE in action to solve business
and public sector problems
• Engaging in rapid solution and product
prototyping
• Research and investments in local resources,
including companies and people CIIC - http://news.curtin.edu.au/media-releases/cisco-internet-everything-innovation-centre-launched-curtin/
$77Bn disclosed deals relating to IoT in Q1 2015 - http://www.eweek.com/small-business/internet-of-things-cloud-drive-tech-deals-in-q1.html*
0121Data miningMaking sense of big data
Photo credit: -https://www.flickr.com/photos/franganillo/3678747186/ (CC Jorge Franganillo)
Data mining is the process of looking for patterns
and relationships within and across data
collections. Normally by applying some form of
computerised manipulation.
Analytics - a visual expression of a particular
arrangement and analysis of data.
Data can tell you what has happened but can only
be used to guess what will happen - this is called
predictive analytics.
Open Data
“Open data and content can be freely used,
modified, and shared by anyone for any
purpose” (http://opendefinition.org/)
0122
Photo credit: We are Anonymous - https://www.flickr.com/photos/equinoxefr/6856903841/
Key questions
Who is allowed to collect data?
What can they do with it? What limits should be in place? Who owns data?
What data should be public domain?
At what point does tracking become stalking? At what point does data hoarding become a restrictive practice?
Ethics and data collectionEthics, security and privacy
Links Online privacy: 'Big
data' is watching, and building your digital
profile’ [news]
Ethical uses of big data and web analytics
[video]
Social, Cultural and Ethical Dimensions of
“Big Data” [video]
0123Ethics, security and privacyEthics, security and privacy
Photo credit: -https://www.flickr.com/photos/21218849@N03/3120339082/
Q. Responsibilities of knowing?
If I analyse your data and it suggests that you are at some sort of risk - what is my responsibility to inform you?
Eg: Key updates to the eBay Privacy Notice:• eBay and PayPal data sharing: An entirely new sub-section under Disclosure to cover the authorised data sharing between eBay and PayPal.
Tim Cook:
“Like many of you, we at Apple reject the idea that our customers should have to make tradeoffs between privacy and security,” Cook opened. “We can, and we must provide both in equal measure. We believe that people have a fundamental right to privacy. The American people demand it, the constitution demands it, morality demands it.”http://techcrunch.com/2015/06/02/apples-tim-cook-delivers-blistering-speech-on-encryption-privacy/
0124Ethics, security and privacyEthics, security and privacy
Photo credits: - ASIO - http://www.abc.net.au/news/image/4630312-3x2-940x627.jpg GCHQ - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_Communications_Headquarters#/media/File:GCHQ-aerial.jpg
Who can collect, keep, share, use your data?
After ethical data collection it is essential to consider data security.
How do you protect against:
Corruption - maintain data integrity Manipulation - control uses Access - gate keeping
Currently they refer to the amount of data held by these agencies in Yottabytes - but they are preparing for Brontobytes - 1027
- 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
0125PrivacyPrivacy is largely an ACCESS issue.
Photo credit: o5com - https://www.flickr.com/photos/o5com/5107015769/in/photostream/
Personally Identifying Information - a lot of big data is de-identified (especially in formal research contexts) - but if the business goal is some form of personalisation then privacy becomes a matter of controlling access.
0126Data visualisationCommunicating the meaning of your data visually.
Visualisation Examples: http://savedelete.com/design/data-visualization-examples/176982/
Data visualisation examples:
• Charts,
• graphs,
• maps
• Infographics
• Interactive displays
• Adaptive display
• Dynamic display
Many tools are applied to his kind of work:
Rapid Miner
Tableau
22 Free tools article
30+ Free Tools
Storytelling with Data Visualisation: http://blog.kurtosys.com/storytelling-data-visualization/
27
0127Data visualisationHandling data physically - 3D printing
Visualisation Examples: http://savedelete.com/design/data-visualization-examples/176982/
Data visualisation examples:
• Charts,
• graphs,
• maps
• Infographics
• Interactive displays
• Adaptive display
• Dynamic display
and more recently by using manufacturing
technologies like 3D printing.
Visualising data (Brendan Dawes): http://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelhumphrey/2015/02/19/making-data-souvenirs-via-3d-printing-a-chat-with-brendan-dawes/
0128Computational ThinkingThinking logically, thinking with a structure.
Photo credit: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_complexity_theory
“ Computational Thinking is the thought processes involved in formulating problems and their solutions so that the solutions are represented in a form that can be effectively carried out by an information-processing agent. “ Cuny, Snyder, Wing
0129Computational ThinkingBringing it into work and learning
Photo credit: https://www.behance.net/gallery/5798457/ISTE-Computational-Thinking-Poster
Scaffolding design thinking, computational
thinking and creative problem-solving
(innovation)
• Challenge based approaches
• Defining problems
• Collaborative solutions
• Authentic- Real world application - use
global challenges as an example.
• Rapid iteration (modelling/prototyping/
testing)
• Novel juxtaposition
• Bluesky speculation
0130Computational ThinkingApplying it to challenge based learning
Photo credit: http://challenge.curtin.edu.au
Welcome to Curtin Challenge, where you can
develop your skills, build your networks, and
shape your future. Challenge is a fun and
interactive way to learn, and is just one of the
many ways Curtin University is transforming
your University experience.
Curtin Challenge is a platform where you can
explore different themes of interest, to
achieve your personal and professional goals.
Challenges allow you to develop your skills,
build your networks, and shape your future
while earning badges and achievements.
0131Computational ThinkingApplying it to challenge based learning
Photo credit: https://www.apple.com/au/education/docs/CBL_Classroom_Guide_Jan_2011.pdf
Challenge Based Learning
mirrors the 21st century
workplace. To stay true to its
intent, make sure participants:
• Work in collaborative groups
• Use technology commonly used in
daily life
• Tackle real-world problems using a
multidisciplinary approach
• Share the results with the world
0132Computational Pedagogyfrom literacy to fluency; from using to making; from watching to creating
CodingTransform learning
Fluencies
Hacking
Making
0133Computational PedagogyBringing it into work and learning
Download report: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/13170/report-of-a-workshop-on-the-pedagogical-aspects-of-computational-thinking
In 2008, the Computer and Information
Science and Engineering Directorate of
the National Science Foundation asked
the National Research Council (NRC) to
conduct two workshops to explore the
nature of computational thinking and its
cognitive and educational implications.
The first workshop focused on the scope
and nature of computational thinking and
on articulating what "computational
thinking for everyone" might mean. A
report of that workshop was released in
January 2010.
0134Learning by makingfrom consuming to creating
Resource: Makerspace Playbook (MakerEd) http://makered.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Makerspace-Playbook-Feb-2013.pdf
“ This playbook will help you establish a wonderful new resource in your school,
neighborhood, or wider local community. It shares the knowledge and experience from the Makerspace team as well as from those who have already started Makerspaces. “
0135Bluesky LearningInnovation is creative problem-solving
Photo Credit: "Newton Blue Sky". Licensed under CC BY 2.5 via Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Newton_Blue_Sky.jpg#/media/File:Newton_Blue_Sky.jpg
“Gentleness, Virtue, Wisdom, and Endurance, These are the seals of that most firm assurance Which bars the pit over Destruction's strength;
And if, with infirm hand, Eternity, Mother of many acts and hours, should free
The serpent that would clasp her with his length; These are the spells by which to reassume
An empire o'er the disentangled doom.
To suffer woes which Hope thinks infinite; To forgive wrongs darker than death or night;
To defy Power, which seems omnipotent; To love, and bear; to hope till Hope creates
From its own wreck the thing it contemplates; Neither to change, nor falter, nor repent;
This, like thy glory, Titan, is to be Good, great and joyous, beautiful and free; This is alone Life, Joy, Empire, and Victory.”
― Percy Bysshe Shelley, Prometheus Unbound
0136SMART LearningAdapting educational contexts to the era of big data
From David Gibson - https://prezi.com/ynemeqygnohl/theta-2015 (used with permission)
Synchronous Multiply Connected Asynchronous ROI Transformed
Ubiquitous technology Networked Integrated Systems
Multiply (adverb)
Let computers compute . The age of the right brain. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/06/technology/06unbox.html
Big data needs more creative types:
37
“The data artist blends engineering and statistical know-how with
intuition and novel problem-solving abilities to uncover insights and
create value from data.
“Data Scientist” is a fine job title for those who navigate terabytes of
information in search of patterns and relevance, connecting dots to
create value and competitive advantage.”
Creativity is the future of workThe dawn of the creative economy
Big data needs more creative types: http://www.forbes.com/sites/teradata/2015/01/30/big-data-needs-more-creative-types/
Developing capacity as data artists might be the key to business success.
The “adjacent possible” may redirect business intelligence to transformation.
The ‘adjacent possible” - Stuart Kauffman
0139Main takeawaysIf you remember nothing else, remember these.
• Understand how to work with data
• Collaborate at every opportunity
• Strive for authenticity
• Critically engage with the changes
• Take in the long view
• Actively engage with complexity
Conclusion
Start with familiar data
Start with available
tools
Start sooner rather than
later
Start with unlimited thinking
EDUCAUSE identified five domains of core functionality for the NGDLE:
1 Interoperability and Integration2 Personalization3 Analytics, Advising, and Learning Assessment4 Collaboration5 Accessibility and Universal Design
Good ByeSee you next time, have a nice day
Big Data, Computation and the Internet of Thingshttp://www.scoop.it/t/big-data-computation-and-internet-of-things