Big Era Three - Mr. D's High School...

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Farming and the Emergenceof Complex Societies10,000 – 1,000 BCE.

Big Era Three

Thursday, October 23, 14

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Are you ready for the Quiz?


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STOP!I know what

you’re thinking!


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Farming and complex societies?

Where did they come from?

I thought we were stillhunting andgathering!


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Today10k years ago200k yrs ago

Big Era 2

…and changes have always been—and still are—part of human

history.

Let’s look for a minute at the changes

that took place in Big

Era Two.

You DO remember

Big Era Two, don’t you?

Big Eras 3-9Big Era 1

Farming and complex

societies are the result of

CHANGE…


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Today10k years ago200k yrs ago

Big Era 2

Big Era Two is the era that covers the

period from 200,000 to

10,000 years ago.

Big Era Two wasfraught

with change.

Shall we do a

quick review?



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200k yrs ago

Human Origins

Today10k years ago

Big Era 2


Homo erectus doing lunch

You will probably recall that life

200,000 years ago looked

something like this.


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10k years ago200k yrs ago

Human Origins

Today

Big Era 2


Homo sapiens at home

10,000 years ago at the close of Big Era Two, life looked more like

this:


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Homo erectus – 200,000 years ago

Homo sapiens – 10,000 years ago

Notice any changes?

Would you say there were:

(c) Lots of changes?

(b) Some changes?

(a) No changes?


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If you said there were “(c) Lots of

changes,” you were obviously

paying attention during

Big Era Two.

If, on the other hand, you chose

“(a) No changes” or “(b) Some changes,” you must have been out with the flu during Big Era Two.

(Hope you are feeling better!).


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Hints

So, we will go with “(c) Lots of

changes” in Big Era Two, right?

Before moving on, jot them

down.

Americas

Are these going to be on the test?

Do you recall any of them?

Boomerang

So, it’s antelope burgers

tonight, right?


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1,000 years ago Today

Big Eras 4-9

10,000 years ago

Big Era 3

Big Era 2

Check your answers below:

Changes that occurred by the end of Big Era 2(Beginning of Big Era 3)

1. Homo sapiens appear.2. Language develops.3. Habitats expand.4. Technology multiplies.5. Wall painting and

sculpture are created.End of Big Era Two

(Beginning of Big Era 3)


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Keeping those changes in mind, let’s look

at life all the way at the end of Big Era Three, that

is, about 1,000 BCE.

1,000 years ago10,000 years ago Today

Big Era 3



World History: Grade 9

Unit 3.0: Lesson 1Domestic heir-lines10,000 - 1,000 BCE


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Unit 3.0 Lesson 1: Domestic heir-lines M.T. Donkin

Unit Objectives: 1. Explain what is meant by the domestication of plants and animals and why farming permitted world population to grow and people to live in much larger and denser communities.2. Analyze the differences between a hunting-gathering way of life and a settled agricultural one.3. Discuss how agricultural societies developed around the world.4. Explain how and where complex societies evolved and describe their significant characteristics.5. Describe ways in which the rate of change accelerated between 10,000 BCE and 1,000 BCE.

MTP: 1. What is domestication? 2. Regions of Origin

3. Overview of domestication.

Oct. 20-24, 2014 75 min.


1.What is domestication?

• Read the Historical Context in Unit 3.0 SH_1.1

• Answer the questions that follow.• ...

16Thursday, October 23, 14

2.Regions of Origins

• Groups of 3:–List the ingredients of a meal you ate

the day before (breakfast, lunch, dinner).• Determine which plants and animals were in

each of the meals.– Turn to SH_1.1, fill in the chart by

guessing where each of the ingredients in their meal originated from.

• ...17


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World History for Us All Big Era 3 - Panorama Unit

http://worldhistoryforusall.sdsu.edu/ Page 8

Lesson 1 Student Handout 1.2—Answer Key

PLANT AND ANIMAL DOMESTICATES Plants

Southwest Asia

Central/ East Asia

South Asia

Europe Americas Pacific Islands

coffee millet okra sorghum watermelon yams

barley beets carrots chickpeas dates fava beans figs leeks lentils melon olive peas safflower walnuts wheat

almond apple apricot buckwheat canola seed Chinese radish cucumber garlic millet onions peach rhubarb sesame soybean spinach tea turnips water chestnut yams

cotton rice

beets cabbage carob grape hazelnut lettuce oats onion pear plum Rye

avocado cacao cashew chili pepper beans maize papaya peanut pineapple potato pumpkin squash sunflower tobacco tomato sweet potato

bananas black pepper cloves coconut eggplant grapefruit lemon mango orange sugar cane taro

Animals Africa Southwest

Asia Central/ East Asia

South Asia

Europe Americas

Cat Dog

Camel Cattle Dog Donkey Goat Pig Sheep

Camel Horse Water Buffalo

Chicken Rabbit Dog Guinea Pig Llama/Alpaca Turkey


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1,000 years ago10,000 years ago Today

Big Era 3


3. Overview of Domestication


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Quite a few,Huh?

Notice any Differences?


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Jot down some notes on what

events you think might have taken place

between 10,000 and 1,000 BCE.

HERE?HERE to

So, how did we get from…


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which reflects the DOMESTICATION of…

and plantsanimals


Big Eras 4-9

10,000 years ago

Big Era 3

Big Era 2

One of the major changes is reflected in this frieze on a wall in Mesopotamia (today Iraq) :



Unit 3.0: Lesson 2Farming: Pros and Cons

10,000 - 1,000 BCEThursday, October 23, 14

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Unit 3.0 Lesson 2: Farming: Pros and Cons M.T. Donkin


MTP: 1. Was farming a good idea? 2. Think about this...

3. Activity 4. Overview of Farming

Oct. 20-24, 2014 75 min.


1. Was farming a good idea?

• Read SH_2.1, “Was Farming a Good Idea?”

• Brainstorm:–Standard of living– Quality of life– ...


1. Was farming a good idea?

• “Standard of living” refers to a measure of what we have relative to what we need for subsistence. – For example, we all need adequate shelter appropriate to

the climate where we live. – We need food, clean water, and access to health care. – In addition, we need literacy and education. – To measure standard of living, demographers generally

calculate statistics such as life expectancy, daily caloric intake, and literacy rates.

– Collectively, these statistics give us an idea of how likely people in a given country or region are to have what they need for survival.

– ...26


1. Was farming a good idea?• “Quality of life” refers to the degree of satisfaction and contentment

we feel about our lives. – Whereas standard of living is an objective measure, quality of

life is more subjective. • For example, some people may have little in the way of

material possessions, yet they may have rich relations with family and friends, enjoy leisure pursuits that cost little, have jobs that provide sufficient food and clothing, and generally feel satisfied with their lives.

• Others may be wealthy and live in large homes full of appliances and gadgets, but they work long hours in demanding careers, eat fast food meals on the run, and have little time for family and leisure.

• These people may feel they have a poor quality of life.• ...


2. Think about this...• What do you think about hunter-gatherers standard of living and

their quality of life? Use evidence from SH_2.1– What about early farmers?– What about people today?

• Is the standard of living and quality of life the same for everyone today?

• ...


3. Activity• Activity:

– take a piece of notebook paper and fold it in half vertically. On one side write, “Hunter-Gatherer Way of Life,” and on the other side write, “Settled Farming.” Then have fold your paper in half horizontally. On the top half they should write “advantages” and on the bottom half “disadvantages.”

– write as many advantages and disadvantages for each way of life as they can think of. Several are mentioned in the reading.

• Now get into four groups, one each for advantages and disadvantages of hunter-gatherers and farming ways of life. – compare your lists for your particular category of information

and prepare a list for the group. – report the lists to the class.

• ...


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Have you ‘herd’ about pastoralism?

Domestication of plants and animals was a monumental change.

It resulted in the new way of living we know as

FARMING(AGRICULTURE)…


Big Eras 4-9

10,000 years ago

Big Era 3

Big Era 2

…which included both PASTORALISM

(herding sheep, goats, cattle, horses, and camels),

and…


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Crop-growing(cultivating domesticated

plants),

and…


Big Eras 4-9

10,000 years ago

Big Era 3

Big Era 2


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the development of…

FARMING COMMUNITIES


Big Eras 4-9

10,000 years ago

Big Era 3

Big Era 2

4. Overview of Farming


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Mesoamerica

Andes Amazonia

Eastern North America

New Guinea

China

Ethiopia

WestAfrica

Fertile Crescent

Between about 12,000 and 1,000 BCE, farmingappeared INDEPENDENTLY in a number of places,

possibly in all of the places marked in red on the map.


Big Eras 4-9

10,000 years ago

Big Era 3

Big Era 2

Nile valley


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Prior to farming, population size in any one area was limitedby the availability of wild game, grain, berries, seeds, and nuts.

Farming and the large, relatively dependable crops it provides allowed for…

POPULATION INTENSIFICATION

That means population increases

in certain areas. Population in those areas became both larger and denser.


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At the same time, farmers in some

places were, in spite of population growth,

able to produce SURPLUS food.

What does SURPLUS

FOOD PRODUCTION

mean for a society?


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SURPLUS FOOD PRODUCTION…

…means that not everyone has to grow food or tend animals. They can take on other tasks. They can specialize in some non-farming task.


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This is called…

Job Specialization.Men and women may

become:

• Weavers• Stone Masons• Potters• Priests• Scribes • Traders• Army officers



Unit 3.0: Lesson 3Who is Civilized?

10,000 - 1,000 BCEThursday, October 23, 14

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Unit 3.0 Lesson 3: Who is civilized? M.T. Donkin


MTP: 1. Characteristics of civilizations 2. Differences 3. Domestication 4. What is civilization

Oct. 20-24, 2014 75 min.


1. Characteristics of Civilizations• Activity: In groups of 2

– Fill in SH_3.1 “Evidence of Complex Society” and 3.2 ‘Early Complex Societies” using information from the internet, textbooks, and/or the encyclopedia.

– Create a chart on the board and each group fill it in.• ...


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So, let’s have a quick review of that last

sequence of events.


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Domestication of Plants and Animals

Farming

Surplus Food SpecializationPopulationIntensification

Complex Society,also known asCIVILIZATION


Big Eras 4-9

10,000 years ago

Big Era 3

Big Era 2


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Hint, hint!

You might want to make a note of these as we

go along.

Civilizations have a number of elements in common.


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Civilization

Remember it.Write it down.

Did you catchthat term?

Can you define it?

Answer: A civilization is a complex society.


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Elements of civilization include:

Mohenjo Daro

Hammurabi’sLaw Code

It’s thelaw

Pharaohs

1) Cities

2) Central governments And Law codes


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1) Cities

2) Central governments and law codes

Elements of Civilization include:

Can you identify the societyrepresented

by each of these two writing samples?

3) Writing and

record keeping

4) Highly organized religions


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3) Writing and record keeping

4) Highly organized religion

5) Specialize

d Jobs

Full-time monk

Assyrian slavesIn Egypt

6) Social Classes

1) Cities

2) Central Governments and law codes



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7) Complex Technologies

Chariot5) Specialized jobs

6) Social classes

Bronze Sword

3) Writing and record keeping

4) Highly organized religion

1) Cities

2) Central governments and law codes



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So, have you been paying

attentionor doing a bit of day dreaming?

Let’s check!

Can you list some of the

elements of a civilization?

Clue: There were 7!


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Good job, huh?

Check your answers below:

Good job if your list includes:

1. Cities 2. Central governments and law codes3. Writing and record-keeping4. Specialized jobs5. Social classes6. Complex technologies7. Highly organized religions


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3,000 years ago

By 3,000 BCE, societies in Southwest Asia and Egypt were developing elements of complex societies.

Are we supposed

to be takingnotes on this?


Big Eras 4-9

10,000 years ago

Big Era 3

Big Era 2


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By the end of Big Era Three, about 1000 BCE, there

were several well-established

civilizations in Afroeurasia.

There were also two new ones in the Americas.

At least two civilizations in Afroeurasia, the Minoan in the Mediterranean region and the

Harappan in the Indus River valley had already come and gone.


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Now, looking back over Big Era Three,

let’s review the major changes.


Big Eras 4-9

10,000 years ago

Big Era 3

Big Era 2


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Domestication of Plants and Animals

Farming

Surplus Food SpecializationPopulationIntensification

Complex Society,also known asCIVILIZATION


Big Eras 4-9

10,000 years ago

Big Era 3

Big Era 2


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That translates into:

FarmersHerdersCities

Central governmentsArmies

Monumental buildingsWritten languageSocial hierarchies

Complex belief systems

In 10,000 BCE none of these existed in the world. By 1,000 BCE they all did.


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.

Not only has life changed culturally and

technologically, but also the rate of change has

accelerated.

10k years ago

Art

200k yrs ago

Language

Big Era 2

Big Era 1

Today

BigEras4-9

1k years ago

Dogs, sheep. goats, horses, wheat, rice, chiles, potatoes—all domesticated

Plow farming

Law Codes

Chariots

Temple building

Sailing technology

Coppersmelting

Alphabet

Wheel

Writing

Irrigation

Regular trade routes

Calendars

Pottery

Bow & arrow

Pyramids

Walled cities

Letters andenvelopes

360-degree circle

BE3


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Make a few notes and

discuss this question with your teacher and fellow students.

What factors do you think

might account for this

increasing rate of change?

You may have noticed that the difference

between the rate of change in Big Era Two and in Big Era Three is

enormous.


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Come to think of it, things changed REALLY fast In

the 20th century. I wonder what the rate of change is going to be like in the 21st

century?

As you move on to Big Era Four (1,200

BCE to 500 AD), keep your eye on the rate of change. Does it keep increasing?

Level off? Slow down?

Do the factors you have identified as

affecting the rate of change in Big Era Two and Big Era Three still apply?


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Well, that’s all for Big Era Three, but

don’t go away.

Hang on to your notes and

stay tuned for…


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Big Era Four!Coming SOON to a classroom

near you.


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