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Final Report on “Participatory Varietal Selection & Promotion (PVSP), Submitted to “BRLPS”

Submitted by Action for Social Advancement (ASA), Bhopal, MP e-mail:[email protected] & web: www.asaindia.org

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Bihar Rural Livelihoods Promotion Society (BRLPS)

Patna, Bihar

“Pilot Project on Participatory Varietal Selection & Promotion (PVSP)”.

Final Report

14th August- 2008

Submitted to BRLPS by:

Action for Social Advancement (ASA) E-5/A, Girish Kunj

Above State Bank of Indore Shahpura Branch, Bhopal, MP-462016

[email protected]



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Contractual Details Name and Address of Client:

The Chief Executive Officer Bihar Rural Livelihood Promotion Society (BRLPS) 1st. Floor, Annexe II, Bidyut Bhawan (Southern Wing) Bailley Road, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg Patna: 800 001, Bihar

Project Title: “Pilot project on Participatory Varietal Selection and Promotion (PVSP)”.

Project Duration Six Months (February to July-2008) Name and Address of Consultant :

Action for Social Advancement (ASA) E-5/A, Girish Kunj Above State Bank of Indore Shahpura Branch, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462016 E-mail: [email protected]

Important dates : 1. Signing of contract : 04 February 2008 2. Mobilization Started : 05 February 2008

1. Introduction 1.1 Action for Social Advancement (ASA) has been contracted to undertake the “Pilot Project on

Participatory Varietal Selection and Promotion (PVSP)”, initiative, funded by the BRLPS, Patna. The contract was signed on 4th February, 2008

1.2 The PVSP programme aims at introduction and validation of Participatory Varietal Selection

and Promotion methodology for crop varieties. The overall goal of the project is to enhance livelihoods condition through productivity enhancement and to establish farmers’ rights especially, enabling the farmers from resource poor areas in exerting their choice in selection of seeds and technologies that best suits their area.

1.3 The primary focus is testing & validating PVSP through farmers’ participation and

dissemination of the same in nearby villages about the technology as well as the varieties tested and ultimately, developing a varietal portfolio of that area.

1.4 This report describes the progress made during the period from signing of contract (04

February, 2008 till end of July 2008).



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2. Choice Mapping of Farmers: Several meetings (crop PRA) with the farmers were done to know the different parameters on which they would like to take up varieties for Moong crop in different villages. Besides, KVK and Agriculture Colleges were also consulted for the selection of varieties. The basic objective was to identify the varieties, which would meet most of the farmers’ liking and would be suitable for the soil and climate of the area. The table below shows the Farmers’ Preference Parameters which ultimately helped us to identify suitable varieties for the area.

FARMERS' PREFERENCE MATRIX

Farmers Preference on Moong under PVSP

Harnaut Block, Nalanda

(Total Farmers 141)

Bochaha Block, Muzaffarpur

(Total Farmers 146)

Dhamdaha Village, Block

(Total Farmers 110)

Total Farmers 397

Taste 27/141 27/146 18/110 72 More Productivity 141/141 132/146 96/110 369 More Household Consumption 8/141 0 10/110 18 Two Irrigations 0 4/146 0 4 Better Price 11/141 45/146 55/110 111 Early Harvest 37/141 21/146 32/110 90 Good Quality Grains 0 0 6/110 6 Colour First Priority Colour Second Priority Colour Third Priority



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Discussion with Farmers/SHG members at Muzaffarpur and Purnea

Finally, four varieties were selected and procured for distribution as per the preference matrix developed through PRA/RRA. Varieties with more productivity & grain colour, texture and taste were given the preference. These were basically high yielding ‘Composite Varieties’ and were also suitable to this climatic condition (Recommended for eastern India). The details are given below:



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3.1 Details of Varieties Procured :

Variety Grade Source from Where procured Qty (In Kg)

K 851 Foundation 300 HUM-1 Breeder 300 PDM-139 Certified 300 TM-9937 Breeder

NSC Patna, JNKVV-Jabalpur, Gwalior, Raipur

300 Total 1200

3.2 Some Important Features of the Local Variety (Desi Moong):

PARAMETERS RESPONSES SEED SOURCE Local, within the village, within the household SEED TYPE/STAGE It is being used for last 3-4 generations so, it

has lost its vigor & viability along with genetic purity

HISTORY OF THE SEEDS BEING USED It is in use for last 3-4 generations & being introduced from other districts

PHYSICAL APPEARANCE OF THE SEED Small in size (1000 grain wt 22-25 gms), sqeezed, light green coloured, Surface is rough

SEED STORAGE PRACTICES Usually Pod is stored in Gunny Bags for next years use

METHOD & TIME OF SEED SELECTION Only after harvesting of the crop, bold pods are kept

SEED TRANSACTION It happens mostly outside the village TERMS OF TRADE No trade as such, mostly exchanged as a gift 3.3 Some Important Features of the Varieties Selected ( matching with farmers preferences):

Characters K-851 HUM-1 PDM-139 TM-9937 Duration 60 days 70 days 65 days 65 days Morphology Plant height up

to 80 cm, straight pods, 7 cm long

Semi erect growth habit, plant height up to 80 cm

Erect, 70-80 cm height, Pods are brownish black at maturity

Plant height up to 50 cm, Pod length 7-8 cm

Resistant to YVMV (Mosaic Virus)

Yes Yes Moderate Yes

Seed Characters Shine green, Green, smooth Green, medium bold

Green, medium bold

Yield (Q/Ha) 12 11 10 11 Recommended For Spring &

summer Summer Summer Summer



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4.Trial Detail: 4.1Villages Selected: District Block Villages No of Households covered Purnea Dhamdaha Amari, Kukroon, Bisanpur, Sikraha,

Khanua, Damgada 238

Muzaffarpur Bochhaha Sarpuddinpur, Pirakpur, Chakhelal, Mirzapur, Salaha ,Hussanpur

250

Nalanda Harnaut Chero, Mushri, Gosaibigha, Nandabigha, Sevdha and Birjumilki

210

4.2 Selection of Farmers: Selection of farmers was done along with the BRLP professionals by conducting meeting with Village Organizations (VOs) & SHGs. The criteria for selection of the farmers were as follows:

1. Traditional Moong Growers 2. Must have at least 400 sq meter area 3. Must have access to irrigation sources 4. Growing local varieties 5. Member of an SHG 6. Belong to small, marginal and medium class of farmers

4.3 Category-wise Details of Trial Holding Farmers :

Particulars Purnea Muzaffarpur Nalanda Total ST 74 0 0 74 SC 20 27 55 102 OBC 144 173 129 446 General 0 50 26 76 SHG Members 191 105 117 413 Total 238 250 210 698

Caste wise Break Up of Beneficiaries Selected for Trials in three Districts

11%

15%

63%

11%

STSCOBCGen



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4.4 Identification of Village Resource Persons: For all the three districts, one experienced VRP has been deputed for the entire period in the villages itself. They are farmers from Munger district, who have experience in PVSP. Along-with that another VRP identified from the local villages by VO/SHG has also been attached to the project for the pilot period. 4.5 Seed Distribution:

After finalization of farmers for trial, seed was distributed among farmers in a seed distribution camp organized at the village level by ASA. Packets of 1 & 2 kgs were made and distributed among the farmers. In Purnea, this was done during the period of March 31, 2008 to April 4, 2008, where as in Nalanda & Muzaffarpur, the programme was

organized during April 3, 2008 to April 5, 2008 period.

Seed Distribution programme at Muzaffarpur



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4.6 Details of Trails Conducted: Trial Type Purnea Muzaffarpur Nalanda Mother Trial with four varieties

13 12 12

Baby Trial with one variety

211 236 162

Mother Trial Plot: This is the plot where all newly introduced varieties along with the local one is sown side by side and some distance is maintained through field bunds etc. to ensure isolation. The objective is to clearly identify the difference of performances between different varieties in a single plot with same soil type & treatment from a single owner Baby Trial Plot: This is basically the replication plot of the introduced varieties, where only one variety is taken with the local one in two adjacent plots. Similarly, all other newly introduced varieties are taken with the local variety in the same village with other farmers. The objective is to crosscheck the performance of different varieties with at least three replication for each variety & analyzing the ultimate outcome through data available from various plots.

Trial Plots of TM-9937 Varieties in Nalanda & Muzaffarpur



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4.7 Trial Layout for a Particular Village

(With minimum Two Mother Trials and Four Varieties & minimum Three replication of each variety) Mother Plot I & 2

V1 V2 V3 V4 Local Variety

Baby Trials Replication-1

V1 Local V2 Local V3 Local V4 Local

Baby Trial Replication-2


Baby Trial Replication-3


4.8 Sowing: The sowing was started everywhere in the first week of April except in Nalanda and mostly completed by April second week. However in Nalanda, it was delayed upto 1st week of May. Very few farmers adopted the line sowing method, but followed the broadcasting method for sowing. The minimum plot size for a single trial was 4 Kattah or 730-800 Sqmt. For TM-9937 & HUM-1 (both breeder seed), the germination percentage was almost 100 percent, where as in case of PDM-139 & K-851, it was recorded almost 85 percent.

V1 V2 V3 V4 Local Variety



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4.9 Crop Condition (Post Sowing Stage):

• After one week of sowing, the growth recorded for all the varieties including the local one was found almost same (plant height 5-7cms).

• However, in the second week for all four varieties the growth recorded was very much similar to one another (8-12cms). But in case of the local variety it was found 6 cms. For all four varieties after second week the branching was almost 4-5 in comparison with the local which had hardly two. Yellow Mosaic Virus attack has been observed in PDM139 and local Variety. After the third week, this damage was rampant in PDM139.

• Flowering was good in TM-9937, K851 and HUM1.



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• Pod formation was found best in case of TM-9937. The length of the pods is about 8 cm. Except PDM-139; others are also doing well as far as pod & grain weight is concerned.

4.10 Comparative Performance Table of Four Varieties with the Local Variety: Characters TM-9937 HUM-1 K-851 PDM-139 Local Plant Height in inch 14-16 32-36 28-32 30-34 18-22 No. of Pods/Plant 90-120 84-90 72-78 50-70 30-40 Pod Length in Cm 7-8 7-8 6-7 5-6 4-5 No. of Grains/Pod 13-15 12-14 10-13 8-10 7-9 1000 Grains Weight 37-40 35-38 36-38 27-30 22-25 Pod Formation (DAS) 40-45 45-50 50-52 55-60 65-70 *DAS: Days after Sowing

Comparative Performance of Different Varieties with the local one shown in one of the FGDs

in Pirakpur Village of Muzaffarpur (Plant height, Pod Size, Pod length & Grain size -colour of K-851, HUM-1, PDM-139, TM-9937

& Local)



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Comparison of Grain Size & Colour (Four Varieties with the Local Variety)

4.11 Training Program and Field Days:

After the seed distribution programme, various training programs were conducted on various issues which covered:-

• Concept of PVSP and its role in productivity enhancement • Varieties selected & package of practices for Moong • Critical stages of the crop • Recommended usage of fertilizers • Disease identification and remedies • Importance of seed and its difference from grain etc. • To attain greater impact, field days were also organized in all the villages. Farmers

from the same villages were brought together and taken around a trial plot of each variety. ASA’s agriculture professional explained the difference in growth and health of plants as compared to the local varieties.



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On field Training & Block Level workshop on PVSP

4.12 Detailed List of Trainee Days Generated so far in these Pilot Villages:

Training Type & Trainee Days Sl. No District Village Level Block Level

Total No. of Events Conducted

1 Purnea 223 295 7 2 Muzaffarpur 300 325 7 3 Nalanda 240 270 7



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4.13 Critical Observations Recorded:

• YVMV (Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus) infestation was found severe in varieties like PDM-139, mild attack observed in K-851, HUM-1 & the local one but variety like TM-9937 was completely unaffected in all three districts

PDM-139



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• Pod Formation, length of Pod and Grain formation were found best in TM-9937,

followed by HUM-1, K-851, Local Variety & PDM-139

Pod Length & quality of Pods just after 60 days of Sowing



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• The drop out % is also very high in Nalanda in comparison with Muzaffarpur & Purnea.

In Nalanda seed was distributed among 210 farmers but ultimately trials taken up by 174 farmers, so, about 18 % drop out is recorded where in case of Muzaffarpur it was less than 1% and in Purnea it was less than 6 %

FARMERS RESPONSE TABLE (Of Tested Varieties)

Crop : Moong (Summer) VARIETIES SL.No PARAMETERS TM 9937 HUM 1 PDM 139 K 851 Local

1 Germination DAS within 4-5 days 5-6 days 5-6 days 4-5days 12-14days

Early 52-55

Medium 55-58 58-62 62-65 60-64 75-80 2 Maturity

Late Yes Yes Yes

3 Flowering DAS 35-40 40-42 35-40 33-35 45-52

Tall 32-36" 30-34" 28-32" 4 Plant Character

Dwarf 14-16" 18-22"

Colour Light Green Green & shining Pale Green Green Rough

5 Grain Character Shape Bold Medium to

Bold Medium Medium Small

Pest Best Best Borer Infested Good Borer

Infested 6 Reaction to

Diseases Best(Highly Resistant)

Medium Resistant

Highly Susceptible to YVMV

Susceptible to YVMV

Susceptible to YVMV

Drought Not Tested Not Tested Not Tested Not Tested Not Tested 7 Reaction to abiotic

stresses Heavy Rain Best Good/Lodging Lodging Lodging Good

Taste Best Good Average Average Best 8

Taste and Cooking Characters Cooking

Quality Cooking time slightly high

Like the local one Average Average Best

9 Post Harvest & Storage No Pest

attack found Slightly infested by borer

Infested Infested Heavyly Infested

Max.(Potential) 17.8 15.6 15.3 10.6 6.6 10 Yield (Grain

Qtls/Ha)) Min. 1.7 1.4 0.8 0.7 0.7

*** DAS: Days After Sowing



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5. Performance of Different Varieties in three Project Districts A. NALANDA

Performance of Different Varieties in Nalanda

0

10

20

30

40

50

<1Q 1-2 Q 2-4 Q 4-7 Q 7-10 Q

Yield (Q/Ha)

No o

f Far

mer

s

TM 9937HUM 1K 851PDM 139

Parameters TM 9937 HUM 1 K 851 PDM 139 Local Total No of Trial 60 49 50 51 38 Total area in Ha 10.8 8.95 8.2 9.45 6.2

Timely Sowing (before 14th April)

6 7 0 0

Sowing between 15-22th April 25 (42%) 31 (63%) 19 (38%) 19 (37%) 27 Late Sowing (after 22th April up to May 3rd)

29 (48%) 11 (22%) 31 (62%) 32 (63%) 11

Upland Sowing 7 2 4 0 3 Lowland Sowing 53 (88%) 47 (96%) 46 (92%) 51 (100%) 35 Yield <1Q/Ha 2 35 17 Yield >1Q-2Q/Ha 42 16 34 14 21 Yield >2Q-4Q/Ha 10 22 4 2 Yield >4Q-7Q/Ha 8 9 10 Yield >7Q-10Q/Ha 2 Average Trial plot Size in Ha 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 Seed Given in Kg 2 2 2 2 Note: the data under each variety is indicating the no of Farmers

For Calculation of Yield in Q/Ha following points taken under considerations: A. For Purnea 50 Kattah=1 Ha ie-1 Kattah is 200 Sqm (our average trial plot size was 4 kattah) B. For Muzaffarpur & Nalanda it was 56 Kattah=1 Ha ie- 1 kattah =182 Sqm (here also our average plot size

was 4 Kattah) C. The yield was only the grain yield D. In Majority of cases farmers already separated the grains & weighed their total yield (for the total yield

calculation, the volume of produce given to labours who have harvested the pods was also considered) E. In some cases where farmers were not able to separately weigh the grains, there for each trial plot and for

each of the variety, 5 Kg pod were weighed. Thereafter the grains were separated from the pod and weighed separately. Thereafter, the total pod weight of a trial plot was converted into grain weight by multiplying with that conversion factor.



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OBSERVATIONS: 1. From the above data it is very much clear that for all four varieties sowing was done mainly

in low lands (from 88-100%) 2. Late sowing was also practiced in

majority of cases ( 85-100%), sowing was done after 15th of April & continued up to 3rd of May

3. Maximum plots were sown after harvesting of Wheat and that was the reason behind this delay along with that non availability of rented pump set during sowing time also affected the sowing time

4. In Nalanda (Bochhaha), monsoon arrived on 4th June (at least 15 days before the normal period) & continued till date

5. So, during the peak flowering stage, the monsoon arrived (Only after 40-45 DAS) but most of the varieties have a crop period of 65-70 days

6. As most of the plots were in low lands so, drainage was very poor and harvesting was not done properly

7. So, farmers were able to harvest only once or twice during those early rainy days. 8. But during the FGDs (Focus Group Discussion) it was coming out that the germination,

growth, pod formation etc. were good for all the four varieties in comparison to their local variety

9. PDM-139,HUM-1 & K-851 are basically tall varieties, so, early rain affects those varieties & lodging of the standing crops observed

10. None of the varieties actually produced as per their potential but the performance of HUM-1 & TM 9937 was found better than the local variety but the yield of other two varieties were found lower than the traditional variety (with those plots which were sown much earlier)

11. Though their traditional variety is a long duration variety (upto 80 days) but as seed was available with them so, they have sown their own seed after harvesting of Masur & Mustard (in some cases it was done even before the concept sharing meeting of PVSP i.e: during 1st week of March). So, they were able to harvest this crop up to its potential besides, since it is a dwarf variety, not much was affected due to the early rain.

12. But for comparison we have taken 38 local trial plots where sowing was also done with those test entry varieties & its performance was found is much lower than HUM & TM and quite comparative with K-851 & PDM-139

13. So, overall we can say that late sowing (till May 1st week) & early onset of monsoon (4th June) hampered the Yield. But germination %, crop growth, branching, pod formation was found good in varieties like HUM-1 & TM-9937



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B. MUZAFFARPUR

Performance of Different Varieties in Muzaffarpur

010203040506070

<5 Q 5-7 Q 7-10 Q 10-12 Q 12-15 Q >15 Q

Yield (Q/Ha)

No

of F

arm

ers

TM 9937HUM 1PDM 139K 851

Parameters TM 9937 HUM 1 PDM 139 K 851 Local Total No of Trial 68 76 59 81 210 Total area in Ha 6.85 8.22 6.04 8.25 24.5

Timely Sowing (before 7th April) 29 (43%) 36 (47%) 19 (32%) 24 (29%) 67 (32%) Sowing between 8-14th April 32 (47%) 27 (34%) 25 (42%) 32 (39%) 114 (54%) Late Sowing (after 15 up to 20th April)

7 13 15 25 29

Upland Sowing 58 (85%) 61(80%) 48 (81%) 64 (79%) 174 (83%) Lowland Sowing 10 15 11 17 36 Yield <3Q/Ha 187 (89%) Yield >3-5Q/Ha 9 20 21 21 Yield >5Q-7Q/Ha 37 (49%) 39 59 2 Yield >7Q-10Q/Ha 3 28 (37%) 1 Yield >10Q-12Q/Ha 20 (29%) 2 Yield >12Q-15Q/Ha 42 (62%) Yield >15Q/Ha 3 (4%) Average Trial plot Size in Ha 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 Seed Given in Kg 1 1 1 1 1



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OBSERVATIONS:

1. It is very much clear from the above table that all the four varieties done better in terms of yield against the local variety

2. Maximum yield recorded for local variety was 5.4 Q/Ha in Husainpur village for 2 farmers but maximum yield for TM 9937 was recorded 15.68 Q/Ha in Hussainpur village. But the most important point is that almost

66% of TM 9937 trial holders got more than 12 Q/Ha production which is more than four times the average yield of local variety (89% of the sample farmers grown local variety got an yield between 2.1-2.8 Q/Ha).

3. The next best variety was HUM-1 not only from the point of providing an average yield of 6.5-8 Q/Ha but farmers felt if the monsoon came a week later, they could have got 30-40% more than what was produced.

4. The above data is showing that more than 80% lands was uplands with good to medium drainage facility (Overall in 6 villages)

5. Timely sowing (here it was before 14th April which is much earlier than Nalanda, at least by 7-8 days) for TM 9937 & HUM 1 has been done with more than 80% farmers & here monsoon rain arrived on 12th June. So, farmers would actually been able to harvest the pods for 4-5 times.

6. But variety like PDM & K around 68-74% farmers had done timely sowing & continued up to 20th April & somehow these two varieties took slightly more time to reach its maturity than TM or HUM, so, delay in 7-10 critical days actually played a crucial role in bringing down its yield. Even YVMV infestation was found maximum in these varieties.

7. In the two FGDs (Husainpur & Shafruddinpur) farmers were confident of getting at least 30-40% more yield from HUM-1, PDM-139 & K-851 if they have sown them 7-10 days earlier. They could only manage to harvest 1-2 times.



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C. PURNEA

Performance of Different Varieties in Purnea

0

10

20

30

40

50

7-10 Q 10-12 Q 12-15 Q 15-17 Q >17 Q

Yield (Q/Ha)

No o

f Far

mer

s

TM 9937HUM 1K 851PDM 139

Parameters TM 9937 HUM 1 PDM 139 K 851 Local Total No of Trial 66 78 62 57 170 Total area in Ha 5.56 6.67 5.34 5.04 14.6

Timely Sowing (before 7th April) 17 (26%) 19 (24%) 16 (26%) 4 (7%) 39 Sowing between 8-14th April 36 (55%) 41 (53%) 38 (61%) 27(47%) 93 Late Sowing (after 15 up to 20th April)

13 18 8 26 38

Upland Sowing 34 48 47 35 112 Medium Up land Sowing 32 30 15 22 58 Yield <3Q /Ha 46 Yield >3-5Q/Ha 87 (50%) Yield >5Q-7Q/Ha 37 (22%) Yield >7Q-10Q/Ha 1 13 4 46 (81%) Yield >10Q-12Q/Ha 1 24 19 11 Yield >12Q-15Q/Ha 14 41(53%) 31(50%) Yield 15-17Q/Ha 11 (16%) 8 Yield >17Q/Ha 39 (59%) Average Trial plot Size in Ha 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 Seed Given in Kg 1 1 1 1 1



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OBSERVATIONS:

1. From the above table, it is clear that all four varieties have performed well in comparison to the local variety

2. Again TM-9937 was the best performing variety with around 60% trials with more than 17Q/Ha yield, followed by HUM-1 where more than 50% farmers got 13.5-15Q/Ha

3. But here the most significant observation was PDM 139 also performed very well & was at par with HUM-1

4. Here 100% land was either upland or medium upland so, water logging situation was not found like Nalanda

5. For TM, HUM & PDM >80% sowing was done before 10th April but for K-851, it was only 54% & that really adversely affected the yield of K-851. More than 80% farmers got an yield of only 8-9 Q/Ha

6. Here, the Monsoon rain starts on 8th of June (1st rain occurs on 2nd June) so, in most of the cases farmers were able to harvest at least 2-3 times before the onset of monsoon (farmers could get about 50-56 days after sowing & which was the peak time for harvesting). Moreover, even during the heavy rain also, farmer could harvest the crop as the land selected here is either upland or medium uplands and therefore the drainage was not a problem during the initial rainy days.

7. Here the production of local variety was also found better than Nalanda or Muzaffarpur. More than 70% farmers got an yield more than 4.5 Q/Ha (the average production was 8-9 Kg/Kattah) & maximum yield of more than 6 Q/Ha up to 6.6 Q/Ha (11-13 Kg/Kattah) was found in many cases.

8. Overall the Performance of all five varieties found best in Purnea than Muzaffarpur & Nalanda



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6. MATRIX RANKING OF VARIETIES IN FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS Reporting Period: July-August 2008 Crop: Moong Summer No of FGDs Done: 5 ( 2 in Muzaffarpur, 2 in Nalanda & 1 in Purnea)

Parameters V1 V2 V3 V4 V5

Germination 8 7 8 7 4

Days of Flowering 7 6 8 7 5

Days of Maturity 8 8 7 7 5

Plant Height 8 7 5 4 8

No of Branches 7 6 6 6 5

Lodging Resistant 8 5 5 4 8

Disease Resistant 8 7 5 3 3

Insect Resistant 8 6 5 5 3

Grain Yield 9 6 5 5 5

Fodder Yield 5 6 6 7 6

GrainColour 6 8 6 5 5

Grain Size/Type 8 6 5 5 4

Cooking quality 7 6 5 5 8

Taste 7 7 5 5 8

Post Harvest/Storage Quality 8 6 6 6 5

Total (Out of 150) 112 97 87 81 82 Note: The above data is an average of 5 FGDs done in 5 different places (only absolute numbers are considered as they rounded off). This is done by a group consensus method after discussing each & every parameter for all varieties in the FGDs. The farmers themselves ranked those varieties by giving them numbers on a scale of 10. Normally, the parameters are pre- decided by the facilitator & depends upon the type of crop. FGDs are done with small groups of 20-25 trial holding families (some time the presence of other significant people like Sarpanch, School Teacher is also ensured).

Variety Name V1 TM 9937 V2 HUM-1 V3 K-851 V4 PDM-139 V5 Local



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7. OVERALL OBSERVATIONS RECORDED:

1. Except NALANDA, all the test entry varieties have done well in comparison to the local one.

2. The Potential Yield (Maximum) of the five varieties in Muzaffarpur & Purnea was recorded as: TM-9937: 17.8 Q/Ha HUM-1: 15.6 Q/Ha K-851: 10.5 Q/Ha PDM-139: 15.3 Q/Ha Local: 6.6 Q/Ha

3. Disease & Pest resistant capacity is found best in TM followed by HUM 4. TM is found Resistant to heavy rain & lodging 5. Upland & Medium upland found most suitable for all varieties 6. Best result found when sowing was done before 10th of April 7. Total 37 Mother Trial & 609 Baby trial conducted across 18 villages in almost 90 Hectares

of land with 646 families & for that initially 698 farmers have been selected & seed was also given to them. So, overall drop out was 7.5%.

8. Total no of Trials & Area Sown For Different Varieties in Hectare are: District TM 9937 HUM 1 PDM 139 K 851 Nalanda 60/10.8 49/8.95 51/9.45 50/8.2 Muzaffarpur 68/6.85 76/8.22 59/6.04 81/8.25 Purnea 66/5.56 78/6.67 62/5.34 57/5.04 TOTAL: 194/23.21 203/23.84 172/20.83 188/21.49 RECOMMENDATIONS

1. Varieties like TM & HUM can be replicated in all three districts 2. Sowing should be done by end of February to 1st week of March 3. Land type must be Upland & Medium Upland ( if we can ensure sowing by 1st week of

March then only we can take lowlands) 4. So, sowing in the fields of Masur & Mustard can be taken ( don’t wait for plots of Wheat

otherwise sowing can be delayed ) 5. Arrangement of Pump set during land preparation stage is essential, so, a planning

(calendar for individual family ) should be made at SHG level to plan the sowing dates 6. If YVMV/fruit & shoot borer infestation is seen in the field then control measures should be

taken up 7. 3-4 small SHG/VO level training programmes can be done to review as well as plan for the

next fortnight 8. Training for storage & selection of seeds can be given 9. Most importantly in this year, we have to make some kind of arrangement with the pilot trial

holders, Therefore they should take initiatives to give these seeds to at least 10 farmers/trial holders (on payment basis).The responsibility can be given to the SHGs/VOs for rapid replication/dissemination

10. Another thing, we need to confirm is that this PVSP technology should be once again tested with Rabi crops like-Mustard, Wheat, Gram etc. in these three districts through VOs & the Local Resource Persons (groomed under this pilot phase) it will actually build confidence as well as building the capacity of the VOs/LRPs



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A. Shobha Devi of Hussainpur Village (Muzaffarnagar) was a mother trial holder & she got 112 Kg of TM 9937 , 62 Kg HUM-1, 36 Kg PDM 139 ,40 Kg K851 & 20 Kg of her own local variety respectively from a plot size of 20 Kattah (4 Kattah each for all 5 varieties)

B. Nageswar Paswan from Chakhelal (Muzaffarpur) got 105 Kg of TM 9937 from 4 kattah of land which is again much higher than his own variety (he got 26 Kg from 4 Kattah)

C. Sita Devi & Shila Devi from Pirakhpur also got similar kind of response

D. Aashika Bano from Khanwa village of Dhamdaha got 260 Kg of TM ,220 Kg of HUM,230 Kg of PDM & 150 Kg of K851 from 32 Kattah of plot ( 8 kattah for each variety)

E. Phuleswari Devi from Damgara, Rita Devi from Amari, Sarita & Manju Devi from Kukroon also witnessed the similar results with their Mother Trials



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ANNEXURE-1

Photographs of Different Stages of the Moong Crop Annexure-1A

Plant & Root Length of Four

Different Varieties and the Local

Variety after 7 days of Sowing



28

Annexure -1B

Plant growth-Root length of Four Varieties & the Local Variety after 15

days of Sowing

K-851



29

Annexure-1C

Size - Quality of Pods and Colour - Size of Grains of TM9937, PDM139, K851, HUM1 & the Local Variety

Date post:	30-Mar-2018
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Bihar Rural Livelihoods Promotion Society (BRLPS) …asaindia.org/pdfs/PVSP_BRLPS.pdfBihar Rural...

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