Bilingüismo y Bilingual education

Bilingualism Definition

Maximalist Minimalist Functional

The almost native control of two languages Bloomfield, 1935

To have linguistic abilities even in a minimal way Macnamara, 1969

To use 2 or more languages in daily life, over regular basesGrossjean, 1982

“Bilingualism as a countenance”(Hornberger 1989)

Bilingualism authors definition

Bloomfield (1933, p55-56)

Baker (2006, p6)

Diebold (1964)

Thiery (1978, p146)

Grosjean (1982, p232)

Control - Native

Incipient bilingualism

True bilingual

One language

bilingualism

One bigger than

the other

Definitions based on levels of proficiency(maximal and minimal)-balanced bilinguals-semilingualsCoordinated – compound

Definitions based on use (functional)-conversational fluency (BICS)-academic language competence (CALP)

Definitions of Bilingualism

Definitions of Bilingualism

proficiency

use

semilingual

balanced

(maximal and minimal) (functional)

Basic Intercommunicative Skills (BICS)

Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP)

Communicative language teaching (CLT)

Content-based or Content and Language Integrated

timecompetencetime

Relación de competencia comunicativa y uso de la

lengua

Suficiencia

uso

semilingüe

balanceado

(maximalista and minimalista) (funcional)

Habilidades Interpersonales Comunicativas Básicas (BICS

en inglés)

Suficiencia Lingüística Cognitivamente Académica

(CALP en inglés)

Enseñanza comunicativa (CLT)

Aprendizaje Integrado de Lengua y Contenido (AICLE)

tiempocompetenciatiempo

Monoglossic vs. heteroglossic

20th century geopolitics & bilingualism

Language Language groups groups territorializedterritorialized

Subtractive bilingualism

Language difference as a problem

L1 L2

Additive bilingualismMonoglossic ideologies

Language as privilege for elite, their right

L1 L1+L2+ L2

Bilingualism in 20th century• A bicycle with two full separate wheels

• L1 + L2 = L1 + L2

• Balanced bilingualism

21st century geopolitical changes & bilingualism

Non territorialized languages

21st centuryDynamic bilingualism

Language as resource

Bilingual Education foundationsMonoglosic ideology Heteroglosic ideology

Subtractive Bilingual education

Additive Bilingual

education

Recursive Bilingual

education

Dynamic Bilingual education

Language ideology

monoglossic monoglossic heteroglossic

heteroglossic

Linguistic goal

monolingualism

monolingualism

bilingualism bilingualism

Linguistic ecology

Lge shift Lge additionmanteinance

Lge revitalization

plurilingualism

Bilingualism orientation

Bi as problem Bi as enrichment

Bi as right Bi as resource

Cultural ecology

monocultural Mono to biculturalism

Bicultural multiplicity

transcultural

Types of children

minority majority Non-dominant

All

Bilingual Education Types

Subtractive bied

Addtive bied

Recursive bied

Dynamic bied

Language ideology

monoglossic monoglossic heteroglossic heteroglossic

Linguistic goal

monolingualism

monlingualism

bilingualism bilingualism

types transitional MaintenancePrestigiousImmersion

Immersiondevelopmental

Polydirectional-two way-dual languageCLIL-CLILtype

Total immersion programTypes of Bilingual programs

% of Lge

100

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 50 50 50

grade

pre

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th

11th

Bilingual process

Partial immersion program

Types of Bilingual programs 2

% of Lge

75 75 75 75 75 75 50 50 50 50 50 50

grade

pre 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th

11th

Bilingual process