Bio Medical Rules

7/29/2019 Bio Medical Rules

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Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling)Rules, 1998.


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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) Rules

Enforced by SPCB/CPCB.

The responsibilities of the Companies are: To ensure that bio medical waste is handled

without any adverse effect to human health &environment

To have biomedical waste treatment facility.

To have facility for segregation & labeling ofwastes .

To submit report about categories andquantities of wastes handled & maintainrecords.

To report any accident during handling &transporting of wastes.


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Definition

Bio-medical waste is defined as any waste, whichis generated during the diagnosis, treatment or

immunisation of human beings or animals or in

research activities pertaining thereto or in the

production or testing of living organisms.


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Purpose

To minimize the production/ generation of infective waste.

Recycle the waste after treating to the extent possible.

Treat the waste by safe and environmentally acceptable

methods.

Adequate care in handling to prevent infection by takingSafety precautions during handling the BMW.

The aim of these regulations is to ensure that Bio-medical

waste is properly disposed of.

To take all steps to ensure that bio-medical waste ishandled without any adverse effect to human health and

the environment by the occupier/ Operator of facility.


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Scope and Application

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, extendsto the whole of India.

These rules apply to all persons who generate,

collect, receive, store, transport, treat, dispose or

handle bio-medical Waste in any form.


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Important Definitions

Animal House means a place where animals are reared /

kept for experiments or testing purposes.

Authorisation means permission granted by the prescribed

authority for the generation, collection, reception,

storage, transportation, treatment, disposal and/or anyother form of handling of bio-medical waste in accordance

with these rules and any guidelines issued by the Central

Government.

Authorised person means an occupier or operator

authorised by the prescribed authority to generate,collect, receive, store, transport, treat, dispose and/or

handle bio-medical waste in accordance with these rules

and any guidelines issued by the Central Government.


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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesImportant Definitions

Bio-medical waste treatment facility means any facility

wherein treatment, disposal of bio-medical waste or

processes incidental to such treatment or disposal is

carried out. Operator of a bio-medical waste facility means a person

who owns or controls or operates a facility for the

collection, reception, storage, transport, treatment,

disposal or any other form of handling of bio-medical

waste.


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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesSalient Features of BMW (M&H) Rules

Published by Govt. of India, under Section 6 & 25 ofEnvironmental Protection Act 1986 on 20/7/98 and appearedin official gazette of India on 27/7/98.

Application: These rules apply to all persons who generate, collect,

receive, store, transport, treat, dispose, or handle Bio-medical waste in any form.

Every occupier of an institution generating, collecting,receiving, storing, transporting, treating disposal and for

handling Bio-medical waste in any other manner, exceptsuch occupier of clinics, dispensaries, pathologicallaboratories, blood banks providing treatment/service toless than 1000 patients per month and also the operators of

Biomedical waste facility are covered under these rules.


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Rule 4 specify Duty of occupier (generator) to take all steps to

ensure that such waste is handled without any adverse effectto human health and the environment.

The occupier must ensure that any waste is treated in amanner which is not harmful to human health or the

environment. It is the responsibility of the occupier to set-up the requisite

bio-medical waste treatment facilities or to ensure requisitetreatment of waste at a common waste treatment facility or

any other waste treatment facility.


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Segregation, Packaging, Transportation and Storage:

The rules prohibit the mixing of bio-medical waste with

other wastes. It establishes that biomedical waste shall be segregated

into containers or bags at the point of generation prior toits storage, transportation, treatment and disposal. The

containers must also be labeled. This must be done in accordance with Schedule III found

in the rules. The general rule is that no untreated bio-medical waste is

to be kept stored beyond a period of 48 hours. Measures must be taken to ensure that the waste does not

adversely affect human health and the environment.


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Treatment and Disposal:

Bio-medical waste shall be treated and disposed of inaccordance with Schedule I, and in compliance with thestandards prescribed in Schedule V.

Every occupier, where required, shall set up in accordancewith the time-schedule in Schedule VI, requisite bio-medicalwaste treatment facilities like incinerator, autoclave,

microwave systemfor the treatment of waste, or, ensure requisite treatment ofwaste at a common waste treatment facility or any otherwaste treatment facility.


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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesAuthorisation and Reporting:

Every occupier of an institution generating, collecting,

receiving, storing, transporting, treating, disposing andhandling bio-medical waste except

clinics, dispensaries,

pathological laboratories and blood banks

which provide treatment/service to less than 1000 patients

per month shall make an application to the authorityestablished by the Government of the State or UnionTerritory for grant of authorisation.

a report must be submitted by every occupier by the January

31, every year.


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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesMaintenance of Records

Every authorised person shall maintain recordsrelated to the generation, collection, reception,storage, transportation, treatment, disposal and/orany form of handling of bio-medical waste inaccordance with these rules and any guidelinesissued.

All records shall be subject to inspection andverification by the prescribed authority at any time.


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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesAccident Reporting:

Where any accident occurs at any institution or

facility then the authorised person shall report theaccident to the prescribed authority.


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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesCategories, Color Coding & Type of Container for Disposal of BM Waste

Option Waste Category Treatment & Disposal

Cat. No. 1 Human Anatomical Waste (human tissues,organs, body parts) Incineration /deepburial

Cat. No. 2 Animal Waste Animal tissues, organs,Body parts carcasses, bleeding parts, fluid,

blood and experimental animals used inresearch, waste generated by

veterinary hospitals / colleges, dischargefrom hospitals, animal houses)

Incineration /deep burial

Cat. No. 3 Microbiology & Biotechnology waste(wastes from laboratory cultures, stocks orspecimens of micro-organisms live or

attenuated vaccines, human and animalcell culture used in research andinfectious agents from research andindustrial laboratories, wastes from

production of biological, toxins, dishesand devices used for transfer of cultures)

Local autoclaving/ microwaving/ incineration


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Option Waste Category Treatment & Disposal

Cat. No. 4 Waste Sharps (needles, syringes, scalpelsblades, glass etc. that may cause punctureand cuts. This includes both used &unused sharps)

Disinfections (chemicaltreatment /autoclaving/micro waving andmutilation shredding

Cat. No. 5 Discarded Medicines and Cytotoxic drugs(wastes comprising of outdated,contaminated and discarded medicines)

Incineration /destruction & drugsdisposal in securedlandfills

Cat. No. 6 Solid Waste (Items contaminated withblood and body fluids including cotton,dressings, soiled plaster casts,

line beddings, other material contaminatedwith blood)

Incineration ,autoclaving/microwaving

Cat. No. 7 Solid Waste (waste generated fromdisposable items other than the wastesharps such as tubing, catheters,

intravenous sets etc.)

Disinfections bychemicaltreatment autoclaving/mi

cro waving& mutilationshredding.



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Cat. No. 8 Liquid Waste (waste generated fromlaboratory & washing, cleaning , house-keeping and disinfecting activities)

Disinfections bychemical treatment anddischarge into drain

Cat. No. 9 Incineration Ash (ash from incineration ofany bio-medical waste)

Disposal in municipallandfill

Cat. No. 10 Chemical Waste (chemicals used inproduction of biological, chemicals, usedin disinfect ion, as insecticides, etc)

Chemical treatment &discharge into drain forliquid & secured landfillfor solids


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Color Coding & Type of Container for Disposal of Bio-Medical Waste

Colour Coding Typeof Containers

Waste Category Treatment Optionsas per Schedule 1

Yellow Plastic bag 1,2,3,6 Incineration/deepburial

Red DisinfectedContainer/ Plastic

bag

3,6,7 Autoclaving/Microwaving/ Chemical

Treatment

Blue/ Whitetranslucent

Plasticbag/puncture

proof container

4,7 Autoclaving/Microwaving/ chemical

treatment anddestruction/shreddi

ng

Black Plastic bag 5,9,10 (Solid) Disposal in secured

landfill


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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesLabel for Transport of Bio-Medical Waste Containers/Bags

Day:______ Month _________

Waste Category No. _________ Year ______________Waste Class Date of generation__________

Waste Description Receiver's Name & Address

Sender's Name & Address Phone No.:_______________

Phone No.:_________________ Telex No. :_______________Telex No. _________________ Fax No. :________________

Fax No. ___________________ Contact Person:____________

Contact Person _____________

In case of emergency please Contact:

Name & Address:

Phone No.


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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesTreatment of wastes

Disinfect: To cleanse so as to destroy or prevent the growthof disease-carrying microorganisms. A disinfectant orantiseptic is a chemical substance that kills or prevents growthof microorganisms such as disease-causing bacteria.

Autoclave: A strong, heated container used for chemical

reactions and other processes using high pressures andtemperatures. Autoclaving is a low heat thermal process and ituses steam for disinfection of waste.

Autoclaves are of two types depending on the method they

use for removal of air pockets are gravity flow autoclave and vacuum autoclave.


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Treatment of wastes

Mutilation: To disfigure by damaging irreparably Microwaving is a process which disinfects the waste

by moist heat and steam generated by microwaveenergy.


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Treatment of wastes

Incineration is a waste treatment process thatinvolves the combustion of organic substances

contained in waste materials.

Incineration and other high temperature waste

treatment systems are described as "thermal

treatment".

Incineration of waste materials converts thewaste into ash, flue gas, and heat. The ash is

mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of

the waste, and may take the form of solid lumps


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Bio Medical Rules

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