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8/9/2019 Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss
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International ForumRussia and Germany in
the common European AreaNovember, 11- 13, 2009, Moscow, Russia
Biorefineries and new technologyBiorefineries and new technologyfor production of polylactic acidfor production of polylactic acid
presented by:Sebastian LeißDipl.-Ing.
Prof. Dr. Birgit KammScientific Director, Research Institute biopos e.V., 14513 Teltow-Seehof, Germany, [email protected] Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus
8/9/2019 Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss
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Content:1. Introduction2. Biorefinery-Systems3. Technical objectives and future solicitation4. New Technology for Production of PLA5. Summary
Biorefineries and new technologyBiorefineries and new technology
for production of polylactic acidfor production of polylactic acid
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
8/9/2019 Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss
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It is absolutely necessaryto develop solutions in three sustainableand biobased sectors:
Biopower/Bioenergy (electricity and heat)Biofuels (transportation fuels)Biobased Products (chemicals/materials)in context of a biobased economy.
3-pillar model of a futurebiobased economy
Biogenic Raw MaterialsBiorefineries
B i o b a s e
d P r o
d u c
t s
B i o F u
e l s
B i o E n e r g y /
B i o P o w e r
Product and Energy Market
Bio Economy
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
8/9/2019 Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss
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Petroleum
Chemistry
FuelsandEnergy
Refinery Biorefinery
FuelsandEnergy- Bioethanol,- Biodiesel, Biogas- Hydrogen
Material Utilisation,Chemistry- Basic and Fine
chemicals,- Biopolymers and Bioplastics
Biomass
Biobased industrial products can only compete with petro-chemicallybased products if the raw materials are optimally exploited and avariety of value-creating chains are developed and established.development of substance-converting basic product systems and
multi product systems, especially biorefineries.
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
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Currently four Biorefinery Systems are forced within research,development and practice:
• The Whole Crop Biorefinery (WCThe Whole Crop Biorefinery (WC --BR)BR)raw material: cereals, maize etc..
• The Green Biorefinery (GThe Green Biorefinery (G --BR)BR)
raw material: ‘nature-wet’ biomasses, green grass, lucerne, clover,immature cereals a.o..
• The Lignocellulose Feedstock Biorefinery (LCFThe Lignocellulose Feedstock Biorefinery (LCF --BR)BR)raw material: ‘nature-dry’ biomasses, wood, straw, corn stover,
cellulose-containing biomass and waste.The TwoThe Two --Platform ConceptPlatform Conceptproduction of syngas and/or sugar as platforms for biobasedproducts and fuels.
Kamm, B.; Kamm, M. ; Principles of Biorefineries. Appl. Microbiol, Biotechnol., (AMB) , 64 (2004) 137-145
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
8/9/2019 Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss
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Press Juice‘biochemical’
‘biotechnol./physical’
Press Cake‘hydrothermal’
‘enzymatic’‘ thermal chemical’
Feed, Fuels,
Chemicals,Polymers and
Materials
CelluloseLignocellulose
Biogas,Cogeneration
( CHP )Heat and Power
Residues
Residues
Proteins,Soluble Sugars
GreenBiomass
Techn. Press
G r e e n
B i o r e
f i n e r y
Cellulose‘biotech./chemical’
Fuels,Chemicals,
Polymers andMaterials
LigninRaw material
Hemicellulose‘biotech./chemical’
Lignin‘chemical’
LignocellulosicFeedstock
(LCF)
SugarRaw material
Cogeneration( CHP )
Heat and Power
Residues
L i g n o c e
l l u l o s i c
F e e
d s
t o c
k
B i o r e f
i n e r y
Kamm, B.; Gruber, P.R.; Kamm, M.; Biorefineries, Industrial Processes and Products, Wiley-VCH, 2006
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
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First green biorefinery: Selbelang, Brandenburg
Green crop drying plant(wet-fractionation)
Block calorificpower station
Green pellets
Beet pellets
Raw material forchemical industry
Solid fuel
Sepa-ration
High value products
Enzymes
Carbohydrates
Flavourings
Coulorings (dyes)
Fermentation
Lactic acid,Lactates, Esters
Amino acids
Proteins
Enzymes
Organic acids
Ethanol
Biogas
Energy
Heat, Electricity
Straw, Wood, Biogas
Fertilizer
Pretreat-ment
Seeds a./o . Straw
Potatoes a./o. Juice
Molasse
Whole crop
StrawFibres, Cellulose
J u i c e
Grass, Lucerne, Beets a.o.
Start of construction 2009‚ Primary Biorefinery Selbelang‘Tier 1: 8.000 t DM (8 mo/y); Primary products: pellet, chlorophyll, Prenacell® fibre,Lactic acid, Proteins, biogas-energy; Construction cost: 6,2 Mio EURO (Basic enginering)
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Lactic acid andLactic acid andsequence productssequence products
New Technology for Production of Poly(lactic acid)New Technology for Production of Poly(lactic acid)
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
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Kamm, B.; Kamm, M.; Richter K .; et al.; EP 0 789 080 (1997); Industrial Bioprocessing , 20 (2) 1998;
NatureWorks LLC – classic process for PLA- synthesis
Vink, E. T.H et al .; “Applications of life cycle assessment to NatureWorksTM polylactide(PLA)production.,” Polymer Degradation and Stability 80, no. 3 (2003): 403–419.
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
8/9/2019 Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss
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melt
dilactide 4
2
H3C CH COOH x H 2O
OH
N
R
RH
O
OO
O
CH 3H3C
+
+catalyst, temp
exothermic
lactic acid 1 amine 2 aminium lactate 3
aminium lactate 3
O
CCHO
CH 3n
poly (lactic acid) 5 dilactide 2
catalyst
- x H2O
- 2 H 2O
biodegradablepolymers
( 2 )
( 3 )
( 4 )
biomass
CH 2OH
HOHO
OH
O
OHH
H
H
H
Hglucose
( lactobacillus )
22
( 1 )
amine 2
lactic acid fermentation
base: amine 2
two main pathes: A & B
lactic acid fermentation aminium lactate 3- valuable substance for chemistry,
pharmacy & cosmetics- good material for preparing
pure lactic acid
N
R
RH
H
NR
RH2
O
OO
O
CH 3H3Cn/2
2 NR
RH
H
H3C CH COO
OH
H3C CH COO
OH
Kamm, B.; Kamm, M.; Richter K .; et al.; EP 0 789 080 (1997); Industrial Bioprocessing , 20 (2) 1998;Acta Biotechn ., 17 (1997), 20 (2000), 21 (2001); Agro-Food-Industry Hi-Tech, 12 (3), 2001Kamm, B.; Kamm, M.; Biorefinery – Systems, CBEQ 18 (1) 1-6 (2004)
New process for manufacturingaminium lactates and dilactide from biomass
8/9/2019 Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss
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Presentation Summary
Several requirements to enter the phase of development of
Industrial Biorefinery Technologies and Biobased Products:
To increase the production of substances on the base ofbiogenic raw materials in the ordinary plants of production ofcellulose, starch, protein, sugar and oil.To force the combination of biological and chemical conversionof substances.
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
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8/9/2019 Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss
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Contact
Sebastian Leiß Dipl.- Ing.FI Biopos e.V.
Research centre Teltow-SeehofKantstraße 5514513 TeltowGermanyTel: 0049-3328-332210/ -24/-25Fax: 0049-3328-332211e-mail: [email protected]
Prof. Dr. Birgit KammDirector of the Institute Biopos e.V.and BTU CottbusResearch Centre Teltow-Seehof,Kantstraße 55, D-14513 Teltow
Email: [email protected]: +49 (0)3328-3322-10 ,Fax: +49 (0)3328-3322-11Web: www.biopos.de
Potsdam and Teltow in the Greater Berlin,Germanybiorefinery.de GmbH
Stiftstraße 2, D-14471 PotsdamEmail:[email protected] ; www.biorefinica.de
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
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CCH3
COOHHO H CCH3
COOHH OHC
COOH
OHH
H3CD(-) lactic aci(S ) lactic acid L(+) lactic acid
CelluloseCellulose --, lignocellulose, lignocellulose --, starch, starch – – ‚‚sugar (platform)sugar (platform) – – Lactic acid (building block)Lactic acid (building block) -- polylactidepolylactide – – intermediateintermediate – – useuse
• Lactic acid - most important metabolical intermediat ofliving organism
• 1780 Scheele - isolation, firstly as brown oil from acid milk• 1881 C. E. Avery - first industrial production• 1895 B. Ingelheim - first successfull industrial
production, fermentation by Lactobacillus • today - 250.000 t/ year
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
Branduardi, P.; Smeraldi, C; Porro , D.; “Metabolically engineered yeasts: 'potential'industrial applications,” Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology 15, no. 1 (2008): 31-40
8/9/2019 Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss
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PLA- Polylactide is:• a material, applicable for packaging and fibres,• a biodegradable and compostable polymer,
• lactic acid is produced by fermentation of „sugars“,• „sugars“ are accessible from CO 2 via photosynthesis .
What is PLA: Poly(lactic acid) = Polylactide ?What is PLA: Poly(lactic acid) = Polylactide ?
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
8/9/2019 Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss
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Richter, K.; Kose, F.; Kamm, B.; Kamm, M. ; Fermentative Production of Piperazinium Dilactate,Acta Biotechn., 21 (1) 2001, 37-47Kamm, B. et al. ; EP 0789080 A2; Process for the preparation of organic aminium lactatesand their use in the preparation of dilactide; 13.8.1997
New process for manufacturingaminium lactates and dilactide from biomass
Model substances:Model substances:
1,4- piperazine-(L,L)- dilactate
Imidazol-(L)- Lactat
Melting point: 114°C
Melting point: 88°C
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Fermentation of lysine lactate with green juiceFermentation of lysine lactate with green juicefrom alfalfafrom alfalfa
2nd EUCHEMS Chemistry Congress 2008,September, 16 – 20, Torino, Italy
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
CAS: 57061-63-9
mw: 236,27 g/mol
melting point: 146-149 °C
application: lotion for treatment of skin disorders
M.Pfeil; diploma thesis, 2006Parab 1995; Patent Nr. 94-215984; Topical preparations having alpha -hydroxy carboxylic acidsfor treatment of skin disorders
NH2
NH3+
O
HO -O
O
OH
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Classic approachClassic approach
2nd EUCHEMS Chemistry Congress 2008,September, 16 – 20, Torino, Italy
International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia
MRS- medium*
New approachNew approachGreen juice + rye hydrolysate
De Man, J.C.; Rogosa, M.;Sharpe, M.E . A medium for the cultivation of lactobacilli. J. Appl. Microbiol 23 ,130–135 (1960).