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June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 1 The Brain Presentation 2 Cynthia Galvez
June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 1
The Brain
Presentation 2 Cynthia Galvez
June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 2
The Brain
June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 3
What is a brain?
Part of the Nervous System Coordinates most of the bodies activities One of the largest organs in the body Center of all though, memory, judgment, emotions Each part of the brain is responsible for controlling
different body functions
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Four Main Sections of the Brain
Cerebrum Cerebellum Diencephalon Brain Stem
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Cerebrum
Largest section of the brain Located in upper section Processes thoughts Judgments Memory
Divided into left and right halves Cerebral hemisphere 4 lobes in each hemisphere
1. Frontal Lobe: controls motor function, personality, speech 2. Parietal Lobe: explains language, analyzes nerve impulses 3. Occipital Lobe: Vision 4. Temporal Lobe: Hearing, smell
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Cerebellum
2nd largest section of the brain Coordinates body movement Maintains equilibrium
Maintains Balance
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Diencephalon Located bellow the cerebrum Thalamus
Composed of gray matter Center for transmitting impulses from eyes, ears and skin to
cerebrum Controls pain
Hypothalamus Controls systems
Autonomic nervous system Cardiovascular system Digestive system
Release hormones from pituitary gland
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Brain Stem
3 components Midbrain
Connects brain impulses and spinal cord Pons
Connects cerebellum and brain Medulla oblongata
Connects brain to spinal cord
Controls respiration, heart rate, temperature and blood pressure
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Brain Cavities Four cavities known as ventricles
Ventricles contains Cerebrospinal fluid A protection fluid that prevents shock or movement to brain
and spinal cord
Locations Right hemisphere Left hemisphere Thalamus Front Cerebellum
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Brain Tumor
What is a Brain Tumor? An intracranial mass, Either benign or malignant
Benign Tumor Can be fatal; causes pressure on normal brain tissue
Malignant Tumor Cancerous Generally progressive and recurring
Dementia
Progressive loss of cognitive ability Impairment on performing daily activities Common in the elderly Symptoms present for over 6 months
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Alzheimer Disease
Form of dementia No cure Chronic mental disorder Loss of memory, disorientation Symptoms get worse with time Occurs in people age 40-65
Earlier than age 40, early-onset Alzheimer Disease
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Medical Terminology
Neur/o – pertaining to nervous system Neurology-study of nervous system Neurologist- someone who studies nervous
system Neuroma- swelling of brain, cancerous tumor in
brain
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References
Fremgen, Bonnie F., and Suzanne S. Frucht.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language.
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice
Hall, 2009. Print. Rosenberg, Robin S., and Stephen M.
Kosslyn. Abnormal Psychology. 1st ed.
Worth Publishers, 2011. Print.