EnzymesEnzymesChemical Chemical ReactionsReactions

Macro-Macro-moleculesmolecules Macro IIMacro II Lab BagLab Bag

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TRUE or FALSE:TRUE or FALSE:Enzymes are used up in the Enzymes are used up in the chemical reaction that they chemical reaction that they

catalyze. catalyze.

Enzymes- 100

FALSEFALSE

Enzymes initiate chemical reactions, Enzymes initiate chemical reactions, but they are not reactants.but they are not reactants.

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What is the location on an What is the location on an enzyme where the enzyme where the

substrate attaches and a substrate attaches and a chemical bond is either chemical bond is either

broken or formed?broken or formed?

Enzymes - 200

active siteactive site

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Enzymes work by lowering Enzymes work by lowering the ________________ the ________________ or the amount of energy or the amount of energy

required to start a chemical required to start a chemical reaction.reaction.

Enzymes - 300

activation energyactivation energy

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What is the name of the What is the name of the enzyme found in the liver enzyme found in the liver

of animals that breaks down of animals that breaks down toxic hydrogen peroxide toxic hydrogen peroxide into nontoxic products? into nontoxic products?

Enzymes - 400

catalasecatalase

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Once a substrate binds to Once a substrate binds to the active site of an the active site of an

enzyme, the active site enzyme, the active site changes shape and forms changes shape and forms

this.this.

Enzymes - 500

enzyme-substrate complexenzyme-substrate complex

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A _______ speeds up or A _______ speeds up or slows down a chemical slows down a chemical reaction without being reaction without being

changed or used up in the changed or used up in the reaction.reaction.

Chemical Reactions - 100

catalystcatalyst

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What are the reactants in What are the reactants in this chemical equation?this chemical equation?

NN22 + O + O22 2NO 2NO

Chemical Reactions - 200

NN22 + O + O22

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What kind of reaction is What kind of reaction is pictured?pictured?

Chemical Reactions - 300

Products

Reactants

endothermic reactionendothermic reactionor or

energy-absorbing reactionenergy-absorbing reaction

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List three ways to speed up List three ways to speed up a chemical reaction.a chemical reaction.

Chemical Reactions - 400

1. add a catalyst1. add a catalyst2. increase the temperature2. increase the temperature3. increase the concentration 3. increase the concentration of the reactantsof the reactants4. favorably change the pH4. favorably change the pH

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What is released when a What is released when a chemical bond is broken?chemical bond is broken?

Chemical Reactions - 500

energyenergy

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What two types of lipids What two types of lipids provide insulation, provide provide insulation, provide buoyancy, and can serve as buoyancy, and can serve as long term energy storage long term energy storage

molecules? molecules?

Macromolecules - 100

fats and oilsfats and oils

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What group of lipids What group of lipids includes cholesterol, a includes cholesterol, a

molecule that transports molecule that transports fats throughout the body?fats throughout the body?

Macromolecules - 200

steroidssteroids

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List three functions of List three functions of proteins.proteins.

Macromolecules - 300

Proteins provide structure, Proteins provide structure, allow movement, fight allow movement, fight

disease, transport substances, disease, transport substances, permit cell communication, permit cell communication, speed up chemical reactions, speed up chemical reactions,

and regulate cell growthand regulate cell growth..

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Is this fatty acid, saturated, Is this fatty acid, saturated, unsaturated, or unsaturated, or

polyunsaturated?polyunsaturated?

Macromolecules - 400

saturatedsaturated

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Carbohydrates, proteins, Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids are and nucleic acids are polymers. List their polymers. List their

monomers.monomers.

Macromolecules - 500

Carbohydrates Carbohydrates monosaccharides monosaccharidesProteins Proteins amino acids amino acids

Nucleic acids Nucleic acids nucleotides nucleotides

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This group of molecules This group of molecules stores genetic information stores genetic information

in molecules like DNA and in molecules like DNA and RNA.RNA.

Macro II - 100

nucleic acids

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What is the general What is the general formula for a formula for a carbohydrate?carbohydrate?

Macro II - 200

(CH(CH22O)O)nn

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Adrenaline and Adrenaline and testosterone are examples testosterone are examples

of this type of steroid.of this type of steroid.

Macro II - 300

hormonehormone

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Carbon can form up to four Carbon can form up to four __________ bonds with __________ bonds with other atoms, making it other atoms, making it

ideal for building a wide ideal for building a wide variety of molecules.variety of molecules.

Macro II - 400

covalentcovalent

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Plants can store energy in a Plants can store energy in a polysaccharide called polysaccharide called _________ which we _________ which we tested for in our recent tested for in our recent laboratory using iodine laboratory using iodine

solution.solution.

Macro II - 500

starchstarch

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Benedict’s solution is a light Benedict’s solution is a light blue solution. When heated in blue solution. When heated in

the presence of monosaccharides the presence of monosaccharides or disaccharides (sugars), it or disaccharides (sugars), it

turns to this color. turns to this color.

Lab Bag - 100

red - orangered - orange

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Given the following test Given the following test results, which substance results, which substance

contains starches?contains starches?

Lab Bag - 200

FoodTest Food A Food B Food C

Iodine test Yellow-brown (no change)

Greenish -yellow Blue- black

Benedict’s test

Light blue changed to red

Light blue changed to orange.

Light blue (no change)

Food CFood C

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What should the student’s conclusion be for the data below?

Lab Bag - 300

The more enzyme added The more enzyme added to a chemical reaction, to a chemical reaction,

the faster it will the faster it will proceed.proceed.

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In the enzyme testing In the enzyme testing laboratory, you were to laboratory, you were to

determine the rate or speed determine the rate or speed of the reaction. How did of the reaction. How did

you do this?you do this?

Lab Bag - 500

by measuring the rate or by measuring the rate or speed at which oxygen speed at which oxygen

gas was produced.gas was produced.

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Daily Double!

Daily Double Question

In the enzyme laboratory, you In the enzyme laboratory, you investigated a particular investigated a particular

chemical reaction. What is the chemical reaction. What is the balanced chemical equation balanced chemical equation

for this reaction?for this reaction?

Daily Double Answer

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2H2H22OO22 2H 2H22O + OO + O22