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LipidsLipids
A class of organic molecules that are insoluble A class of organic molecules that are insoluble in waterin water
There are 3 major groups of lipidsThere are 3 major groups of lipids TriglyceridesTriglycerides PhospholipidsPhospholipids SteroidsSteroids
TriglyceridesTriglycerides
Include fats, oils, and waxesInclude fats, oils, and waxes Consist of 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol Consist of 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol
moleculemolecule Hydrocarbons with a Hydrocarbons with a
carboxyl group (-COOH)carboxyl group (-COOH)
at one end of the chainat one end of the chain
PhospholipidsPhospholipids Looks just like a lipid except that one of the Looks just like a lipid except that one of the
fatty acid chains is replaced by a phosphate fatty acid chains is replaced by a phosphate group (-POgroup (-PO33
2-2-)) An additional chemical group (R) might also An additional chemical group (R) might also
be attachedbe attached AmphipathicAmphipathic
Hydrophilic heads (phosphates)Hydrophilic heads (phosphates) Hydrophobic tails (lipids)Hydrophobic tails (lipids)
Provide the foundation for cell membranesProvide the foundation for cell membranes
SteroidsSteroids
Characterized by a backbone of 4 linked Characterized by a backbone of 4 linked carbon ringscarbon rings
Examples:Examples: CholesterolCholesterol Some HormonesSome Hormones
TestosteroneTestosterone EstrogenEstrogen