Native Native SunSun NRG: NRG: ““Biodiesel: Adapting to Biodiesel: Adapting to

Climate ChangeClimate Change””

Biodiesel

What is Native Sun NRG?What is Native Sun NRG?

Native Sun NRG is BarbadosNative Sun NRG is Barbados’’ first commercial first commercial producer of biodiesel, a 100% producer of biodiesel, a 100% bajanbajan, renewable , renewable fuelfuelThe company was originally a research project The company was originally a research project initiated by Mr. Handel Callender, while living in initiated by Mr. Handel Callender, while living in the Dominican Republic in 2002. After returning the Dominican Republic in 2002. After returning to Barbados, a decision was made, along with to Barbados, a decision was made, along with the future companythe future company’’s cos co--founder and fellow founder and fellow researcher, Julian researcher, Julian DautremontDautremont Smith, to Smith, to investigate itinvestigate it’’s commercial viabilitys commercial viability

Moving from idea to enterprise:Moving from idea to enterprise:A historical overviewA historical overview

The project has won a series of awards:The project has won a series of awards:““Most Commercially Viable ExhibitMost Commercially Viable Exhibit”” award and award and $3000 prize money provided by Senator $3000 prize money provided by Senator Lynnette Lynnette EastmondEastmond during the 2004 NCST during the 2004 NCST Expo. Expo. ““The Central Bank of BarbadosThe Central Bank of Barbados’”’” award during award during the National Innovations Competition in 2004, the National Innovations Competition in 2004, which provided a $20,000 grant.which provided a $20,000 grant.

Historical developments cont.Historical developments cont.The company has been producing and selling small The company has been producing and selling small volumes of biodiesel since 2004volumes of biodiesel since 2004The fuel is currently used by about 11 clients and two The fuel is currently used by about 11 clients and two diesel generators, one of which powers an ecodiesel generators, one of which powers an eco--home in home in St. AndrewSt. AndrewThe The EarthraceEarthrace, traveling around the world on biodiesel, , traveling around the world on biodiesel, has tested and approved the quality of the fuel, and has has tested and approved the quality of the fuel, and has used a small quantity in their tanksused a small quantity in their tanksThe company, in collaboration with Counterpart The company, in collaboration with Counterpart Caribbean at The Future Centre, initiated the first Caribbean at The Future Centre, initiated the first vegetable oil recycling/biodiesel project at The Lester vegetable oil recycling/biodiesel project at The Lester Vaughan School.Vaughan School.

The companyThe company’’s track records track record

The company has produced over 2400 The company has produced over 2400 litreslitres of biodieselof biodieselHas reduced CO2 emissions by over Has reduced CO2 emissions by over 6480Kg or 6.4 6480Kg or 6.4 tonnestonnes

What is Biodiesel?What is Biodiesel?

Biodiesel could be Biodiesel could be defined as a renewable, defined as a renewable, environmentally low environmentally low impact diesel substitute impact diesel substitute derived from used or derived from used or virgin vegetable oil.virgin vegetable oil.Native Sun NRG only Native Sun NRG only processes used processes used vegetable oil at this timevegetable oil at this time

Growing our own fuel.Growing our own fuel.Of the 10 most common Of the 10 most common oil crops worldwide, oil crops worldwide, Barbados has two of the Barbados has two of the top three:top three:Coconut yields 2,260 kg Coconut yields 2,260 kg oil/hectareoil/hectareBarbados Nut/Jatropha Barbados Nut/Jatropha yields 1,590 kg yields 1,590 kg oil/hectareoil/hectareCastor bean yields 1188 Castor bean yields 1188 kg oil/hectare kg oil/hectare

Production OutlineProduction OutlineOil and methanol are Oil and methanol are mixed in the presence of mixed in the presence of a catalyst NaOH.a catalyst NaOH.100 Gallons of oil 100 Gallons of oil produces 80 gallons of produces 80 gallons of biodiesel and glycerol an biodiesel and glycerol an the bythe by--product.product.Glycerol, a simple Glycerol, a simple alcohol, can be disposed alcohol, can be disposed of as biodegradable of as biodegradable waste, used as soap, or waste, used as soap, or refined into pure glycerin.refined into pure glycerin.

RAW MATERIAL & FINAL PRODUCTS

Current productionCurrent productionThe company has already started producing The company has already started producing biodiesel in small volumesbiodiesel in small volumesMost of the equipment to produce an output of Most of the equipment to produce an output of 100 to 300 gallons per week is already set up100 to 300 gallons per week is already set upBasic market research and public education Basic market research and public education activities demonstrate significant interest in activities demonstrate significant interest in using the fuelusing the fuelNewspaper articles and expos have been crucial Newspaper articles and expos have been crucial in education about the companyin education about the company’’s oil recycling s oil recycling campaigncampaign

Current sources of recyclable oilCurrent sources of recyclable oil

Solid Waste Solutions and Services Ltd.Solid Waste Solutions and Services Ltd.Lonesome Hill disposal site Lonesome Hill disposal site Various restaurantsVarious restaurantsStreet vendorsStreet vendorsLester Vaughan Secondary school oil recycling Lester Vaughan Secondary school oil recycling projectprojectHouseholdersHouseholdersApprox. 3.2 million litres of oil available for use Approx. 3.2 million litres of oil available for use annually.annually.

Future Oil SourcesFuture Oil SourcesCruise ships. There are significant volumes of Cruise ships. There are significant volumes of waste vegetable oil from cruise ships visiting the waste vegetable oil from cruise ships visiting the island. island. Establishing networks with local farmers to Establishing networks with local farmers to develop oil producing crops (Barbados Nut, develop oil producing crops (Barbados Nut, Castor Bean, Coconut)Castor Bean, Coconut)Setting up sister facilities in other island Setting up sister facilities in other island (franchise)(franchise)Expanding household recycling activities (over Expanding household recycling activities (over 1.5 million litres available per year.)1.5 million litres available per year.)

Where does the oil go?Where does the oil go?

Largest volumes are disposed of at the Largest volumes are disposed of at the Lonesome Hill Site.Lonesome Hill Site.Dumped into the ocean.Dumped into the ocean.Production of animal feeds and chows.Production of animal feeds and chows.Down local kitchen drains & gutters.Down local kitchen drains & gutters.This oil ends up retarding our water This oil ends up retarding our water treatment plant process.treatment plant process.This project is one solution to these This project is one solution to these disposal difficulties.disposal difficulties.

A brief history of biodieselA brief history of biodiesel

The inventor of the diesel engine designed The inventor of the diesel engine designed it to operate on peanut oil.it to operate on peanut oil.Peanut oil powered engines until the Peanut oil powered engines until the 19201920’’s.s.The oil crisis of the 70The oil crisis of the 70’’s renewed an s renewed an interest in attainable alt. fuels.interest in attainable alt. fuels.

Sunflowers storing the sun’s energy

This energyIs trappedIn vegetable oil

Combustion in the enginereleases the energy in biodiesel

Why support biodiesel?Why support biodiesel?Provides a solution to current waste disposal problems and Provides a solution to current waste disposal problems and reduces costs incurred through disposal. reduces costs incurred through disposal. Biodiesel is produced primarily with local materials, Biodiesel is produced primarily with local materials, significantly reducing foreign exchange expenditure significantly reducing foreign exchange expenditure Reduced vulnerability to external fluctuations in fuel prices.Reduced vulnerability to external fluctuations in fuel prices.Improves BarbadosImproves Barbados’’ image as an eco destination.image as an eco destination.Health/environmental benefits due to use of the fuel.Health/environmental benefits due to use of the fuel.Significant savings in health care costsSignificant savings in health care costsJob creation.Job creation.Establishes linkages to agriculture that might help solidify newEstablishes linkages to agriculture that might help solidify newavenues for the sectoravenues for the sectorCan take Barbados steps ahead to true sustainable Can take Barbados steps ahead to true sustainable developmentdevelopment

Benefits of biodieselBenefits of biodieselHealth/EnvironmentHealth/EnvironmentReduction of carbon dioxide emissions Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) by 100% (CO2) by 100% Reduction of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions Reduction of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions by 100% by 100% Reduction of soot emissions by 40Reduction of soot emissions by 40--60% 60% Reduction of carbon monoxide (CO) Reduction of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions by 10emissions by 10--50% 50% Reduction of hydrocarbon (HC) emissions Reduction of hydrocarbon (HC) emissions by 10by 10--50% 50%

Benefits of biodieselBenefits of biodieselReduction of all polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Reduction of all polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ((PAHsPAHs) and specifically the reduction of the following ) and specifically the reduction of the following carcinogenic carcinogenic PAHsPAHs: :

Reduction of Reduction of phenanthrenphenanthren by 97%by 97%Reduction of Reduction of benzofloroanthenbenzofloroanthen by 56%by 56%Reduction of Reduction of benzapyrenbenzapyren by 71%by 71%Reduction of Reduction of aldehydesaldehydes and aromatic compounds and aromatic compounds by 13%by 13%

Reduction or increase in nitrous oxide (Reduction or increase in nitrous oxide (NOxNOx) ) emissions by 5emissions by 5--10% depending on the age and type 10% depending on the age and type of engine. of engine.

Benefits of biodiesel.Benefits of biodiesel.

Biodiesel runs in any conventional, Biodiesel runs in any conventional, unmodified diesel engine. In other words, unmodified diesel engine. In other words, ““you just pour it into the fuel tank.you just pour it into the fuel tank.””Biodiesel can be stored anywhere that Biodiesel can be stored anywhere that petroleum diesel fuel is stored. petroleum diesel fuel is stored. Biodiesel can be used alone or mixed in any Biodiesel can be used alone or mixed in any amount with petroleum diesel fuel. amount with petroleum diesel fuel. Biodiesel is more lubricating than diesel fuel. Biodiesel is more lubricating than diesel fuel. Its higher lubricity enhances the lifetime of Its higher lubricity enhances the lifetime of the engine.the engine.

Benefits of biodieselBenefits of biodieselBiodiesel is safe to handle because it is biodegradable and Biodiesel is safe to handle because it is biodegradable and nonnon--toxic. According to the National Biodiesel Board, toxic. According to the National Biodiesel Board, ““neat neat biodiesel is as biodegradable as sugar and less toxic than biodiesel is as biodegradable as sugar and less toxic than salt.salt.””Biodiesel is safe to transport. Biodiesel has a high flash pointBiodiesel is safe to transport. Biodiesel has a high flash point, , or ignition temperature, of about 300 deg. F compared to or ignition temperature, of about 300 deg. F compared to petroleum diesel fuel, which has a flash point of 125 deg. F. petroleum diesel fuel, which has a flash point of 125 deg. F. Engines running on biodiesel run normally and have similar Engines running on biodiesel run normally and have similar fuel mileage to engines running on diesel fuel. Auto ignition, fuel mileage to engines running on diesel fuel. Auto ignition, power output, and engine torque have been reported by local power output, and engine torque have been reported by local users to be increased when using biodiesel. users to be increased when using biodiesel. When burned in an engine, the exhaust fumes have the When burned in an engine, the exhaust fumes have the pleasant aroma of popcorn or French fries.pleasant aroma of popcorn or French fries.

Potential biodiesel usersPotential biodiesel users

Fishing/Farming IndustryFishing/Farming IndustryTour vehicles within Tourism Industry Tour vehicles within Tourism Industry (catamarans, tour buses, off road tours)(catamarans, tour buses, off road tours)Public service vehiclesPublic service vehicles

Contact details for Native Sun Contact details for Native Sun NRGNRG

Managing Director: Mr. Handel Managing Director: Mr. Handel CallenderCallenderAddress: The Future Centre, Address: The Future Centre, EdgehillEdgehill, , St. ThomasSt. ThomasTele: 425Tele: 425--20202020Cell: 826Cell: 826--27222722Email: Email: nativesunnrg@gmail.comnativesunnrg@gmail.com

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