Biodiversity

5th Grade

Biodiversity = the variation of life

• Beside the Animal Kingdom, what are the other 4 kingdoms?

Kingdoms

• Animal Kingdom

• Plant Kingdom

• Fungus Kingdom

• Protist Kingdom

• Bacteria Kingdom

What are Bacteria?

– Microscopic organisms– Uni-celled organisms (1 cell) – Their DNA is NOT inside a nucleus– Can be producers, consumers, AND decomposers

Bacteria

• Some can produce Endospores: a structure that protects them when environmental conditions are too harsh

• This helps them to survive hundreds of years

3 kinds of Bacteria:

• Cocci = sphere-shaped

• Bacilli = rod-shaped

• Spirilla = spiral-shaped

Did you know? Bacteria is helpful AND harmful

• Antibiotics = bacteria that produce chemicals that limit the growth or kill other bacteria

• Pathogen = bacteria that causes disease– Ex. bacteria that grows in your mouth causes

tooth decay –these bacteria grow on the surface of your teeth and use sugar as food

Examples of Bacterial Infections:

• Whooping cough • Tetanus• Tuberculosis• Strep Throat

What are the differences between bacteria and viruses?

• Antibiotic drugs kill bacteria

• Antibiotic drugs are NOT effective against viruses

• When a virus enters your body, it invades some of your cells and takes over the cell machinery, redirecting them to produce the virus

Is the common cold a bacterial infection or a virus?

• virus

Is chickenpox a bacterial infection or a virus?

• Virus

Bacteria vs Virus:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7D0eIsuZC3w

Protist:

• Uni- or multi-celled organism that lives in moist or wet surroundings

• HAS a nucleus• There are plant-like AND animal-like protists• Examples of protists: – algae, protozoans

Plant-like Protists

• Use sunlight to make their food

• But do NOT have roots, stems, and leaves like other plants

• Each algae cell has to make food

Animal-like Protist

Protist example:

• Example: – Malaria

Fungus

• Multi-cellular• Like plants, they have cell walls, but unlike

plants, fungi do NOT have specialized tissues and organs like leaves and roots

• HAVE a nucleus• do NOT make their own food –no chlorophyll• Grow in warm, humid areas

Fungus = Athlete’s foot

Fungi = known as the “great decomposers”

Baker’s Yeast = Fungus

• Feeds on sugars in flour dough • Causes carbon dioxide to rise• Bread would be flat without this fungus

Fungi examples:

*Mushrooms

*Mildew

*Mold

*Yeast

What is the difference between mold and mildew?

• Mold typically grows on food

• Mildew typically grows on fabric, bathroom walls, other damp surfaces– Ex. If you leave your clothes in the washer too

long and forget to put them in the drier, they may smell terrible and you have to re-wash them

• Mold:

• Mildew: