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The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
Region 7 Center Biological Diversityand Protected Areas in relation with
Carpathian Mountains
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The location of the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
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The surface of the Region is 34100 sqkm, representing 14,3% The surface of the Region is 34100 sqkm, representing 14,3% of the country surface. From an administrative point of view, of the country surface. From an administrative point of view, Region 7 Center consists of six countiesRegion 7 Center consists of six counties, that , that includesincludes 57 57 towns (20 municipalities), 354 communes and 1784 villages.towns (20 municipalities), 354 communes and 1784 villages.
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
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• The relief is varied, predominantly mountainous.The relief is varied, predominantly mountainous.
• The mountainous part is devided by canyons, gorges and The mountainous part is devided by canyons, gorges and passes.passes.
• The collines cover the whole Tarnave Plateau and the The collines cover the whole Tarnave Plateau and the eastern part of the High Plane of Transylvania. eastern part of the High Plane of Transylvania.
• The hydrografic network is dominated by the upper and The hydrografic network is dominated by the upper and middle sectors of Olt and Mures basins.middle sectors of Olt and Mures basins.
Geographical features of Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
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Region 7 Center has a special biodiversity, three of the five Region 7 Center has a special biodiversity, three of the five bioregions present in the country are being well represented bioregions present in the country are being well represented here: alpine, continental, and small steppe islands. here: alpine, continental, and small steppe islands.
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
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The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
The surface of Carpathian The surface of Carpathian MountainsMountains inin Romania is 6887 sqkm Romania is 6887 sqkm and 47% of this surface is in the and 47% of this surface is in the Region 7 CenterRegion 7 Center
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Protected Natural Areas in the Region 7 Center
In Region 7 Center are 332 protected natural areas of which:In Region 7 Center are 332 protected natural areas of which: International International interest interest – 1 – 1 Ramsar SiteRamsar Site European interest – 81 NATURA 2000 Site:European interest – 81 NATURA 2000 Site:
18 Special Protection Areas (SPA)18 Special Protection Areas (SPA) 63 Sites of Community Importance (SCI) 63 Sites of Community Importance (SCI)
National interest – 187 National interest – 187 protectedprotected areas areas 3 National Parks3 National Parks 3 Natural Parks3 Natural Parks 151 Natural Reserves151 Natural Reserves 2 Avifaunistic Areas 2 Avifaunistic Areas 28 Nature Monuments28 Nature Monuments
Local interest – 63 protected areas Local interest – 63 protected areas
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
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NATURA 2000 Site in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
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NATURA 2000 Site in the Carpathian Mountains The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
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NATURA 2000 Site in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
ROSCI0093 SlimnicROSCI0093 Slimnic steppe islands – Sibiu steppe islands – Sibiu
CountyCountyROSCI0122 Fagaras Mountains and ROSCI0122 Fagaras Mountains and
ROSPA0099 Fagaras Piemont - ROSPA0099 Fagaras Piemont - Sibiu and Brasov CountySibiu and Brasov County
ROSCI0085 Frumoasa and ROSCI0085 Frumoasa and ROSPA0043ROSPA0043 Frumoasa –Frumoasa – Alba and Sibiu CountyAlba and Sibiu County
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Protected Natural Areas of National Interest in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
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Protected Natural Areas of National Interest in the Carpathian Mountains
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
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Protected Natural Areas of National Interest in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
““Suvara sasilor” – Suvara sasilor” – Sibiu CountySibiu County
Harghita grove swampHarghita grove swamp – – Harghita CountyHarghita County
Ramet Gorges - Ramet Gorges - Alba CountyAlba County
Zarnesti Gorges - Zarnesti Gorges - Brasov CountyBrasov County
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52 Priority Habitats in the Region 7 Center52 Priority Habitats in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
1 2 43
1
13
75
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COASTAL AND HALOPHYTIC HABITATS
COASTAL SAND DUNES AND INLAND DUNES
FRESHWATER HABITATS
TEMPERATE HEATH AND SCRUB
SCLEROPHYLLOUS SCRUB
NATURAL AND SEMI-NATURAL GRASSLAND FORMATIONS
RAISED BOGS AND MIRES AND FENS
ROCKY HABITATS AND CAVES
FORESTS
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Priority Habitats in the Region 7 CenterPriority Habitats in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
6520 Mountain hay meadows 4070 Scrub with Pinus mugo and Rhododendron hirsutum
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Priority Habitats in the Region 7 CenterPriority Habitats in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
8310 Caves not open to the public
7150 Depressions on peat substrates (Rhynchosporion) Rhynchospora, Drosera
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Priority Habitats in the Region 7 CenterPriority Habitats in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
9410 Acidophilous forests (Vaccinio-Piceetea)
9110 Acidophilous (Luzulo-Fagetum) beech forests
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The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
269 Priority species in the Region 7 Center269 Priority species in the Region 7 Center
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103
5719
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52 MAMMALIA AVESREPTILEAMPHIBIAPISCESNEVERTEBRATA PLANTES
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Priority species in the Region 7 CenterPriority species in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
Ursus arctos Canis lupus
Lynx lynx
Rupicapra rupicapra
Myotis myotis
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Priority species in the Region 7 CenterPriority species in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
Triturus cristatus
Aspius aspius Rosalia alpina
Lucanus cervus
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Priority species in the Region 7 CenterPriority species in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
Aquila pomarinaTetrao urogallus
Ciconia ciconiaCrex crex
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Priority species in the Region 7 CenterPriority species in the Region 7 Center
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
Campanula serrata Cypripedium calceolus
Pulsatilla patensSaxifraga hirculus Iris aphylla
ssp.hungarica
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Direct threatsDirect threats • Loss and division of habitats caused by urbanization (illegal constructions in
protected areas), development of infrastructure, operation of natural resources (woods are threatened by intensive cutting of trees), most of the habitats bordering agricultural lands.
• Abandonment of traditional systems of land use and agriculture. In some areas the number of animals decreased, pastures were abandoned and the flora changed. In other areas the number of animals by hectare is 2-3 times higher than the capacity of the pasture.
• Decrease of underground water reserves, as a result of hydrotechnical activities, which lead to partial or total distruction of dozens of hectares of woods.
• Excessive operation of ecosystems and species: industrial agriculture reduces soil resources, leads to severe erosion and ecosystem degradation.
• Improper organization of wood fruits reaping and hunting. • Loss of wet lands as a result of turning them into arable fields, or
construction material operation • The danger of invasive plants.
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
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Indirect threatsIndirect threats • Pollution: acid rains affect woods, eutrophization has a negative
impact on wet lands. • Uncontrolled waste landfilling in protected areas. • Excessive use of pesticides has a negative impact on the fish, birds
and animal species.• Uncontrolled tourism in protected areas.• Rare and endangered species trading.• Stakeholder conflicts (landowners, forest owners etc.) • Lack of funds and personnel on the part of the institutions that deal
with biodiversity conservation. • Lack of public awareness and poor ecological education in schools • Climate changes have a medium and long term effect, leading to
global warming which can determine irreversible changes on large areas, compromising species of fauna and flora.
The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
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The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
Ecological ConnectivityEcological Connectivity
Main problems Main problems
lack of connectivity between fragments of natural habitat lack of connectivity between fragments of natural habitat declared protected areas declared protected areas
natural and artificial barriers that occur between habitats natural and artificial barriers that occur between habitats
human-natural habitat relationship human-natural habitat relationship
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The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
Ecological ConnectivityEcological Connectivity• Distribution of large carnivores in the Region 7 Center Distribution of large carnivores in the Region 7 Center
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The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
Ecological ConnectivityEcological Connectivity
• Evolution of large carnivore populations in the Region 7 CentreEvolution of large carnivore populations in the Region 7 Centre
Alba Brasov Covasna Harghita Mures Sibiu
Ursus arctos 2010Ursus arctos 2011Canis lupus 2010Canis lupus 2011Lynx lynx 2010Lynx lynx 2011
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The Regional Environment Protection Agency Sibiu
Conservation and biodiversity planning Conservation and biodiversity planning measuresmeasures
Analyze of degradation and fragmentation level of the Analyze of degradation and fragmentation level of the species habitats.species habitats.
Elaboration of an efficient method for evaluates the actual Elaboration of an efficient method for evaluates the actual conservation status of species population in the Natura 2000 conservation status of species population in the Natura 2000 sites.sites.
Elaboration of a strategy for implementing public awareness Elaboration of a strategy for implementing public awareness campaigns campaigns
Public awareness rising campaign Public awareness rising campaign
Prevention of disturbancePrevention of disturbance from from humanhuman activities activities
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CContactontacts: s:
Regional Agency for Environmental ProtectionRegional Agency for Environmental ProtectionSIBIUSIBIU
StrStreeteet Hipodromului N Hipodromului Noo. 2A, . 2A, 550360 Sibiu550360 Sibiu
Phone Phone : : +4+40269232806, Fax: 0269232806, Fax: +4+402694441402694441455 EE-mail: -mail: [email protected] [email protected]
WWebsite: ebsite: http://arpmsb.anpm.rohttp://arpmsb.anpm.ro