11-15-16 Warm up11-15-16 Warm up1.1. Where does the Where does the

oxygen in the air oxygen in the air come from?come from?

2.2. How do animals How do animals get the oxygen get the oxygen they need?they need?

5-10-13Objective

Create a graphic organizer that compares the C, N, O, and H2O cycles

Make thisWater H2O Carbon (C) Oxygen (O2) Nitrogen (N2)

Reservoirs (sinks)

How it moves into

living things

How it is returned to the Earth

(air, water, soil)

Human impacts

Make this on the backWater cycle Carbon cycle

Oxygen cycle Nitrogen cycle

As always

Key concepts are underlined Vocabulary is in green

BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES

Everything here has always been here

Antelope eat the grassLions eat the antelopeAnd when they die, they become part of the soil and feed the grass

What does this word mean?

Biogeochemical????–Let’s break it down

• Bio =

• Geo =

• Chemical =

life

earth

chemicals

It’s a cycle!

The cycling of chemicals between the earth and living things.

Biogeochemical Cycles

Water Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen

Let’s start with an easy one

THE WATER CYCLE

Does any of this look familiar?

1. Water comes down as precipitation

2. It goes into the ground by infiltration

3. It is taken up by plant roots.

4. It returns to the air by evaporation

and transpiration

transpiration

The water lost by plants

Water gets cleaned through this cycle

Evaporation leaves the other stuff behind Flowing water naturally filtered - mostly by

decomposers

Human Impacts1. Wasteful use of freshwater

2. Loss of natural areas to replenish groundwater (infiltration)

3. Pollution

Practice

Complete the front side of your graphic organizer

Create and label a diagram of the water cycle on your graphic organizer– Include the words

• Precipitation• Evaporation• Infiltration• Transpiration

The Carbon Cycle

A series of processes through which all carbon atoms in existence rotate

http://epa.gov/climatestudents/basics/today/carbon-dioxide.html

Carbon Reservoirs–AIR – CO2 gas–WATER (oceans) -

dissolved CO2 in the oceans –EVERY LIVING THING

– as molecules–FOSSIL FUELS

Carbon moves into plants by photosynthesis

Review - Photosynthesis

CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2

Animals get their carbon from their food

Carbon is returned to the atmosphere by:

1. Cellular Respiration

2. decomposition

3. Burning

If an organism dies and is buried very quickly, before decomposers can get to it, the carbon in the organism may turn into coal, gas, or oil.

We call this fossil fuel.

Human Impacts1. Burning fossil fuels adds extra CO2 to the air

2. Removal of trees reduces photosynthesis

AlaskaBrazil

3. Extra CO2 in the atmosphere diffuses into the ocean and makes it acidic

Let’s Review

Directions

Work on your own

Diagram the carbon cycle

Use your notes to make the diagram – all the information is there!

What your diagram needs: PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis RespirationRespiration Carbon ingestion by animalsCarbon ingestion by animals DecompositionDecomposition Burning organic matterBurning organic matter Burning fossil fuelsBurning fossil fuels Producers, consumers, and decomposersProducers, consumers, and decomposers labeled arrows labeled arrows

All arrows labeled with the name of the process!

Summing it up

What is the GEO part of this cycle (where is the carbon on earth?)

What is the BIO part of this cycle?

In other words, what are the reservoirs of carbon?

The Nitrogen Cycle

Our atmosphere is 78% nitrogen

Plants and animals cannot use it in this form

It must be “fixed” first

How does the nitrogen get fixed?

There are 2 ways to “fix” nitrogen:

1. Lightening

Fixing Nitrogen

2. NITROGEN-FIXING BACTERIA that live in the roots of legumes(plants like peanuts and alfalfa)

Animals get nitrogen from their food

Decomposers returns N to the soil and air

Human Impacts1. We add extra nitrogen by using fertilizers and animal waste

Nitrogen that gets in water creates dead zones

2. We add extra nitrogen to the air by burning fossil fuels

Nitrogen in air (NO and NO2) causes smog and acid rain

Directions Work on your own

Diagram the nitrogen cycle and fill in your graphic organizer– Include:

• nitrogen fixation• How plants get N• How animals get N• How N gets put into air, water, soil