Biogeography and Lines: The Malay Archipelago and Wallace’s Line

South America and Africa, separated by Atlantic, do not differ so widely as Asia and Australia.......

(Wallace, 1860)

Biogeography and Boundary:Biogeographical region – Cox, 2001

traditional revised

floral

faunal

Kreft & Jetz, 2008

The Malay Archipelago

Too many lines.... – Simpson, 1977

Cenozoic reconstruction,

Lohman et al., 2011

Do all organisms obey Wallace’s Line?

Sea-horse (Hippocampus trimaculatus)Lourie & Vincent, 2004

LiverwortsAryanti & Gradstein, 2007

Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae)Atkins et al., 2001

Malesia Phytogeographyvan Welzen et al., 2005, 2009

Malesia Phytogeographyvan Welzen et al., 2005, 2009

Will Wallace’s Line save Australia from avian influenza?McCallum et al., 2008

For discussion...

1. Lourie & Vincent, 2004 – Phylogeography of the sea-horse in Southeast-Asia, testing Indian/Pacific Ocean Basin vs. Wallace’s Line biogeographical hypotheses

For discussion...

2. Schulte et al., 2002 – Molecular phylogenetic evidence for ancient divergence of lizard taxa on either side of Wallace’s Line

For discussion...

3. Van Welzen et al., 2011 – Wallace’s Line and plant distribution: two or three phytogeographical areas and where to group Java? floristic approach using statistical methods to infer biogeographical boundaries in Malesia.