Biogeography• Large scale patterns of global diversity• Geographic gradients• Environmental gradients• Long term distributions: Evolutionary processes
Species richness
Boreal forests of Canada
Elevational gradient in Arizona
Patterns of Species richness
• Latitudinal patterns• Temperate zone
Theories
Theories
Patterns of speciation
Circumpolar
Extinctions
• Continental differences
• Alps created a barrier• North America vs
China, connections to tropics.
• SE US and Europe separated from tropical flora
Continental patterns
Endemism and isolation
Transition zones
C3 and C4 plants
Endemism and Isolation