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Bioinformatics for Biofuel Cell DevelopmentParker Evans
OverviewWhat are fuel cells?How do you make a fuel cell?Laccase Sequence Source
◦Laccase Sequence Histogram T1 Cu Site – REDOX Potential
◦REDOX Potential resultsN-Glycosylation – Secretion
◦N-Glycosylation resultsResultsResources
What are Fuel Cells?Fuel cells simply
steal electrons from biological processes
Implantable sensors◦ Glucose monitors ◦ Heart rate etc.
Terawatts (10¹²W) of power + CLEAN water from wastewater
How do you make a fuel cell?
Grow fungus Filter proteins
Adsorb proteins to electrode
Collect electricity!
Collect additional
products (ie. drinking water)
Laccase Sequence SourceThere are 2,674 fungal laccase protein
sequences in the UniProt databaseApproximately half (50.2%) of these
are protein fragments under 100kb◦Laccase average seq. length: 453AA
Min = 100; Max = 906
Fragments were removed using UniProt’s built in feature
The remaining 1,331 sequences were run through the regex_fasta program
Laccase Sequence Histogram
T1 Cu Site – REDOX Potential REDOX potential of laccase
determines the voltage of the system
Pardo et al. found the REDOX potential is directly determined by the axial amino acid (AA)◦L = low, M= med., F = high
ThÖny-Meyer et al. found that the T1 copper motif is highly conserved:◦HCHXXXHXXXXL/M/F
REDOX Potential
162 of 1331 sequences, 12%, contained phenylalanine axial amino acids at the T1 copper center
N-Glycosylation - SecretionThe program Secretome.P uses
the occurrence of N-Gycosylation sites to determine the probabilitity that a given protein will be secreted
I used the regular expression behind their open-source program to find N-Glycosylation sites in my program◦N[^P](S|T)[^P]
N-Glycosylation
Of the 162 high REDOX potential laccases, 9 contained N-Glycosylation sites
Interestingly none of these sites contained serine
ResultsMy motif finder pipeline narrowed the
thousands of candidate organisms to less than 0.5% of the initial input while retaining the optimal features of the candidate proteins
The prospective species are:◦ Panus rudis, Moniliophthora roreri,
Cerrena unicolor, Heterobasidion irregulare, Cerrena sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Spongipellis sp., Fusarium solani
T. versicolor and P. ostreatus were identified as high REDOX potential laccases, but not secretors
ResourcesReiss, R., Ihssen, J., Richter, M., Eichhorn, E.,
Schilling, B., & Thöny-Meyer, L. (2013). Laccase versus laccase-like multi-copper oxidase: a comparative study of similar enzymes with diverse substrate spectra. PloS one, 8(6), e65633.
Pardo, I., & Camarero, S. (2015). Laccase engineering by rational and evolutionary design.Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 1-14.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/CBBresearch/Spouge/html_ncbi/html/fasta/matchregex.html
Feature based prediction of non-classical and leaderless protein secretion J. Dyrløv Bendtsen, L. Juhl Jensen, N. Blom, G. von Heijne and S. Brunak Protein Eng. Des. Sel., 17(4):349-356, 2004
Questions?https://github.com/evansparker/PLS-599
Water AnalogyVoltage =
electrical pressure
Current = electrical flow-rate
Resistance = electrical friction
R
C
V