Bioinsumos y Desarrollo Sostenible

7/29/2019 Bioinsumos y Desarrollo Sostenible

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BIOLOGICALINPUTS

SUSTAINABLE

AGRICULTURAL

DEVELEOPMENT

ECOSENSE LABS (I) PVT. LTD. INDIA.

ABIM2011

Lucerne,Switzerland

24 26 October2011


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OGoddessEarth,Oallenduringwideexpanses!

Salutationto

thee.

NowIamgoingtobegincultivation.

Bepleased,OvirtuousOne.

Ancient

Sanskrit

prayer


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STRUCTUREOFPRESENTATION

Food Production & Productivity

NutritionalInputs

Biological

Vs.

Conventional

Seed Care An Emerging OpportunityforBioControls

Food

Security

Challenges&

Suggestions


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BIOCONTROLS

GM CROPS

BIOFERTILISERS

FOOD SECURITY

SOIL HEALTH

AGRICULTURE BUZZWORDS THIS DECADE

SEED CARE

INM

WATER SECURITY

CLIMATE CHANGE

BIOFUELS

CARBON FOOTPRINT

CARBON SEQUESTRATION


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0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

WorldAvg.Pulses

WorldAvg.Wheat

WorldAvg.

Paddy

WorldAvg.Maize

WorldAvg.9Oilseeds

World Average Yields of Major Crops Cereals,Pulses,Oilseeds


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The ChallengeforAgroInputsIndustry 2030

FAOestimatesthatinorderforSouthAsiatoavoidaFoodCrisis:

WheatYieldswillhavetoincreaseby 28%

Rice

Yields

will

have

to

increase

by

23%PulsesYieldswillhavetoincreaseby 52%

OilseedsYieldswillhavetoincreaseby 48%

Change

in

Consumption

Patterns/

Diets

in

Developing

Countries

(FAO

estimate) RicewillDecrease

WheatwillIncrease

CoarseCerealsNoChange

PulsesNoChange

Sugarwill

Increase

FruitswillIncrease

Oilseeds/VegetableOilswillIncreaseGeometrically

MeatwillIncreaseGeometrically

Dairy

will

Increase

Geometrically


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CHEMICAL

FERTILSERS BIO

FERTILISERSDefinition: Any of a large number of natural

and synthetic materials, including manure and

nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium

compounds, spread on or worked into soil to

increase its capacity to support plant growth.

Definition: Some microbes like Bacteria, Fungi

and Algae are capable of Fixing Atmospheric

Nitrogen, Solubilising Insoluble Soil

Phosphates, or Mobilising Potash, making

them available to plant roots. Materials

carrying these microbes are Biofertilisers.

Only 3040% of the applied Nitrogenous

Fertiliser is available to the plant the balance is

lost in the air after application.

Nitrogen Fixing BioFertilisers can provide the

plants with upto 50% of Nitrogen needed from

the air itself.Only 2025% of the applied Phosphatic

Fertiliser is available to the plant the balance is

locked in the soil after application.

Phosphate Solubilising BioFertilisers can

increase the availability of Phosphorus by

releasing upto 15% of the Phosphorus locked

in the soil.

Only 1525% of the applied Potash Fertiliser is

available to the plant the balance is locked in

the soil after application.

Potassium Mobilising BioFertilisers can

increase the availability of Potassium by

releasing upto 20% of the Potassium locked in

the soil.

ComparingChemicalandBiologicalFertilisers


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BRIEFSUMMARY

OF

NUTRIENT

ECONOMICS

OF

BIOFERTILISERSvs.CHEMICALFERTILISERS

QuantityofBiofertiliser SavingthroughChemicalNutrients

1TonofRhizobium inoculants 100TonsofNitrogen(minfixation50KgN/ha)

1TonAzotobacter/Azospirillum 40TonsofNitrogen(minfixation50KgN/ha)

1TonofPhosphateSolubiliser 24TonsofPhosphorous(min solubilisation 40KgP/ha)

1 TonofPotashMobilisers 5TonsofPotash(minmobilisation25to35Kg K/ha)


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WHYIS

NITROGEN

FIXATION

NECESSARY

?

Nitrogenisanimportantmacronutrientfortheplantresponsiblefor

Vegetativegrowth. OftheAppliedNitrogenonly25%isutilised byplants.

Thebalance

75%

is

lost

to

the

atmosphere

and

leached

out.

FIXATION:ThechemicalreactionbywhichtheAtmosphericNitrogengetsconvertedto

Ammonia.

NITRIFICATION:ConversionofAmmoniatoNitrates,whichisthenabsorbedbyPlantRoots


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NITROGENFIXATIONGRAPHICMODEL


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WHYAREPHOSPHATESOLUBILISERSNECESSARY?

Phosphorousisanimportantmacronutrientfortheplant

responsiblefor

flowering

and

fruiting.

Of

the

applied

Phosphorousonly20%isutilised byplants.

REVERSION:

Thechemical

reaction

by

which

the

applied

phosphate

gets

fixed,whichinvolves:

FixationorAdsorptionofappliedPontoactivesitesof

oxidesofIron,AluminumandCalciumformingstable

compoundswhich

are

insoluble

in

water.

MODEOFACTION:

PSB PRODUCES MILD ORGANIC ACIDS LIKE (TARTARIC,

MALIC, FUMERIC, etc.) AND ENZYMES, WHICH HELPS IN

SOLUBILISNG PHOSPHOROUS, THIS SOLUBILISED

PHOSPHOROUS IS EASILY TAKEN UP BY THE PLANTS FOR

THEIR GROWTH.


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13/24

Formsof SoilPotashandroleofPotashMobilising Bacteria UnavailableKisfoundinMineralslikeFeldsparsandMicas,

unusablebyplants,butreleasedintothesoilbyweathering,which

isvery

slow

to

supply

plant

needs.

SlowlyAvailableKisfoundtrappedbetweenlayersofclaymineralsandisFixedandcanbereleasedwhentheclaysbecomewet,butagaingetsfixedwhentheclaysbecomedry. Thereisacontinuousexchangebetweenslowlyavailableandreadilyavailable,wherein

theclays

act

as

areservoir

for

the

readily

available

K.

ReadilyAvailableKiswhatiswatersolubleandfoundadsorbedontothesurfaceofsoilcolloids. ThisformofKisalwaysavailabletotheplantsandhelpsinthedesiredplantgrowth.

Mobilising PotassiumintheSoil:Mobilising Potassiuminthesoilcanbeachievedbysomeformsofmicroorganisms,whichareabletoreleasetheKtrappedinbetweenlayersofclaybymeansofphysicalprocessesandenhancingcation exchangecapacities.


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POTASSIUMMOBILISIATIONGRAPHICMODEL


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AidsPlant

uptake

of

Macro

Nutrients

like

Nitrogen,

Phosphorus

&

Potassium.

Increasetheyieldby1020%ascomparedtoChemicalFertilisers.

AverageCostBenefitRatioforCereals(Paddy/Wheat)is 20.

Economicalto

the

farmer.

GivesbiologicalNitrogen,PhosphorusandPotassiumtotheplant.

EnhancesRootDevelopment,VegetativeGrowthandFlowering,byreleaseof

auxins,vitamins

&

hormones.

Improvessoilhealth&productivity&survivalofbeneficialSoilmicrobes.

Environmentalfriendly,RenewablesourceofNutrients.

ReducesCarbon

Footprint.

Major EarningsviaCarbonCredits

ADVANTAGESOFBIOFERTILISERSOVERCHEMICALFERTILISERS


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PerceptionofSeeds ThenandNow

One for the rock, one for the crow,One to die, and one to grow.- English saying One for blackbird, one for the crow,One for the cutworm, and one to grow.

- American saying I ask not for a larger garden,but for finer seeds.

- Russell H.Conwell


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WorldSeedTreatmentScenario

SeedTreatmentMarketin2001=USD900Million.

SeedTreatmentMarketin2010=USD2.8Billion.

Trends:

CropAcreageisstagnating.

HighSeedingrateisbeingreplacedbybestavailableseedtreatment.

SeedCost

is

increasing

every

year.

GMSeedseveryseedhasavalue.

Costeffectivemethod lessera.i.perha.

DiseaseProtection

is

most

desired,

followed

by

Insect

Protection.

NewChemical/BiologicalProducts FasterDevelopment&Adoption.


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Seed Treatment Innovations:

MostGMseedsinUSA/Canadahavemin4coats

1) DiseaseProtection.

2) BioInoculums.

3) InsectProtection.

4) MicroNutrients.

PolymerCoatings(Polyvinyls)beingreplacedby

Renewables likeSoybean/Corn.


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Dedicated Facilities LowDoseofa.i.s,HighlyMechanized,

KnowledgeandCapitalIntensive,LongGestationPeriod,

NewAgServiceIndustry SeedCare


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Presently,about70%seedrequirementisthefarmersown

stock,sownwithouttreatment.

Only

Commercial

Hybrid

Seeds

are

100%

Treated

at

Processing

Plantlevel.

Govt.estimatesanaverage80%ofseedssowninIndiaare

Untreatedcomparedto100%seedtreatmentpracticein

developedcountries.

Stateseedagenciessupplytreatmentchemicalinasmallpouch

Allmaynotbeusingit?

Only10

15%

of

Self

pollinated

crops

seeds

are

treated.

Seedtreatmentestimatedtoenhanceproductivityby810%.

StatusofSeedtreatmentinIndia


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IndianGovt.InitiativesforSeedCare.


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Crop Disease ConventionalControl Biological

Control

Wheat LooseSmut/FalseSmut Tebuconazole/Carbendazim Trichoderma

Barley LooseSmut/FalseSmut Carboxin/Thiram Trichoderma/Pseudomonas

Maize/Millets Charcoal Rot/RootRot Carbendazim/ Thiram Trichoderma

Rice RootRot/Sheath

Blight Carbendazim/

Kitazin Trichoderma/

Pseudomonas

Chillies Dampingoff/Wilt Carbendazim/Captan Trichoderma/Pseudomonas

Potato Blight/ Mancozeb/Carbendazim Trichoderma

Tomato Dampingoff/Wilt Carbendazim/Captan/Thiram Trichoderma/Pseudomonas

Onion PurpleBlotch Mancozeb Trichoderma/ Pseudomonas

Sunflower RootRot/SeedlingRot Carbendazim/Captan/Thiram Trichoderma

Mustard StemRot Carbendazim Trichoderma/Pseudomonas

Soybean RootRot/SeedlingRot Carbendaziim/Thiram Trichoderma

Cruciferous

vegetables Dampingoff/Wilt Carbendazim/Captan Trichoderma/Pseudomonas

Chickpea Wilt/Dampingoff Carbendazim/Thiram Trichoderma

Groundnut

RootRot/Collar Rot/

Aflatoxins Carbendazim/Mancozeb/Thiram Trichoderma

SEED CARE CHEMICAL CONTROL Vrs. BIOLOGICAL CONTROL


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Howto:Suggestions

Indiahas13.42millionHaofCultivableWasteLandsasof200607.

ImproveSoilHealth/ProductivityoftheseLands UseCityCompost.

SupplementuseofChemicalFertilizerswithBiologicalFertilizers.

ProvideQualityGMSeedswithDesirableTraitslikeDrought

Tolerance,Disease

Resistance,

Nitrogen

Fixation,

WorldclassSeedCareusingBioControls.

UseBioTechnologytoprovideeffectiveLowA.I.DoseProducts.


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Thank You

KETANMEHTA

ECOSENSE

LABS

(INDIA)

PVT.

LTD.Email:[email protected]

Date post:	03-Apr-2018
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