OLR(1981)28(6) 461

g1:3244 extrapolation, surficial sediment geotechnical prop- Halbach, P., V. Marchig and C. Scherhag, 1980. erties, deep-sea carbonates, geoacoustic models and

Regional variations in Mn, Ni, Cu, and Co of bioturbation, tracking abyssal silts with Fourier ferromanganese aodales from a basin in the grain-shape analysis, depositional indicators, bottom southeast Padfl¢. Mar. Geol~ 38(4):M1-M9. water-sediment relationships, and photographic

Polymetallic nodules from the Nazca Plate (northern analysis of coring. A review paper on the use of sector) accumulate by hydrogenetic or diagenetic high-frequency echograms in studying sedimentation growth processes. Three ferromanganese facies are processes is included. (izs) recognized with Mn/Fe ratios decreasing from north to south and distinct maxima in Ni and Cu concentrations in the mid-facies. Includes nodule 9370. Miscellaneous photos showing types of mammillae. Min.-Petr. Institute, Technical University of Clausthal, 3392 81:3246 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, F.R.G. (izs) Guagenti, E.G. and F. Scirocco, 1980. A discussion

of seismic risk including precursors. Bull. seism. Soc. Am., 70(6):2245-2251. Politecnico di Milano, Istituto di Scienze e Tecbnica Delle

D360. Books, collections (general) Costruzioni, 20133 Milano, Italy.

81:3245 81:3247 Gorslme, D.S. and T.L. Holcombe (eds.), 1980. Deep Siddiquie, H.N., 1,980. The ages of the storm beaches

ocean sediments and their physical properties, of the l_akshadweep (Laccadives). Mar. Geol., Geological models and methodology. Mar. 38(4):Mll-M20.

Geol., (Spec. iss.)38(1/3):1-282; 15 papers. Beaches on the eastern shores of the archipelago The U.S. Naval Ocean Research and Development result from approaching cyclones. Radiocarbon Activity's (NORDA) inaugural workshop (1979) dating suggests that the beaches represent a shore- covered deep-sea sedimentology, morphology and line progression at rates ranging from 10--200 acoustic properties. Of the 28 symposium papers, 15 m/1000 yr. The distribution of the beaches and the are presented here; the remaining 13, mainly on clustering of radiocarbon dates between 3000-2000 geoacoustics, appear in a special issue (late 1980) of and 500-0 B.P. may indicate sea level changes or an the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. increase in storminess during these periods. Includes Specific topics addressed were: mass transport, storm track plots for the Indian Ocean, 1891-1960. volcanic sedimentation, modelling and interpreting National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, echo-sounding profiles, sediment physical properties' Goa, India. (hbf)

E. BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY

El0. Apparatus and methods low tissue ascorbic acid content and interfering substances. Dept. of Biology, Texas A&M Univ.,

81:3248 College Station, Tex. 77843, USA. (mjj)

Car l R.S. and J.M. Neff, 1980. Determination of ascorbic acid in tissues of marine animals by 81:3249 liquid chromatography with electrochemical de- Chan, A.T., R.J. Andersen, M.J. Le Blanc and P.J. tection. Anatvt. Chem., 52(14):2428-2430. Harrison, 1980. Algal plating as a tool for

A new method is described for measuring the free investigating allelopathy among marine micro- ascorbic acid content of various discrete and algae. Mar. Biol., 59(1):7-13. complex tissues using anion-exchange liquid chro- Pennate diatoms, particularly Cylindrotheca fusi- matography. Previously available assays cannot formis, grown on agar plates provided a simple accurately be applied to invertebrate tissues due to bioassay for detecting extractable growth inhibitors

462 E. Biological Oceanography OLR (1981) 28 (6)

produced by microalgae. Andersen: Dept. of Ocean- Probable breeding distributions for bird species are ography, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T given based on data collected 27 January-17 Feb- IW5, B.C., Canada. (mjj) ruary 1965 and on 23 January 1973; population

estimates of Adelie and chinstrap penguin colonies 81:3250 are provided. New Zealand Wildlife Service, Dept.

Plocki, Wojciech and Teresa Radziejewska, 1980. A of internal Affairs, Private Bag, Wellington, New new meiofauna corer and its efficiency. Ophelia, Zealand. (smf) Suppl. 1:231-233.

The 5 kg, 22.4 mm i.d., stainless steel corer was tested in water 4 m deep; results were compared with those of SCUBA divers using 34 mm i.d. PVC tubes. E 5 0 . General biology, ecology, biogeo- Total meiofaunal abundance in the two sets of cores graphy, etc. was not significantly different. Inst. of Marine Food Technology, Szczecin, Poland. (dme) 81:3255

Kautsky, Nils and Inger Wallentinus, 1980. Nutrient 81:3251 release from a Baltic Mytilus-red algal commu-

Pozdnyakova, L.A., 1980. Calcium-magnesium nity and its role in benthic and pelagic produc- thermometry in marine ecology. Biologiya mor., tivity. Ophelia, (Suppl.)l: 17-30.

Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1980(2):3-14. (In Russian, The release of N and P (AskO area) was sufficient to English abstract.) Includes ca. 120 references, satisfy not only benthic algal nutrient demands, but Inst. of Marine Biology, Far East Science about 6% of the N and 17% of the P requirements of Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, the pelagic system. For the Baltic proper, the amount Vladivostok 690022, U.S.S.R. of inorganic-N, amino-N and inorganic-P recycled

each year by mussels is much greater than inputs from land sources. AskO Laboratory, University of Stockholm, Box 6801, S-113 86 Stockholm, Sweden.

E40. Area studies, surveys (baselines, (hbf) ecology, etc.)

81:3252 Bachelet, G., C. Cazaux, H. Gantes and P.-J. E S 0 . P l a n k t o n (also p r imary product iv i ty ,

Labourg, 1980. [Marine fauna in the region of seston and detr i tus) Arcachon, southwestern France. IX. Molluscs, polyehaetes, fish and ascidians.] Bull. Cent. E, tud. 81:3256 Rech. scient., Biarritz, 13(I):45-64. (In French.) Blasco, Dolors, Marta Estrada and Burton Jones, Includes 5 bibliographies. Institut universitaire 1980. Relationship between the phytoplankton de Biologie marine, 33120, Arcachon, France. distribution and composition and the hydrography

in the Northwest African Upwelling region near 81:3253 Cabo Corbeiro. Deep-Sea Res., 27(10A):799-821,

Olson, R.J., 1980. Nitrate and ammonium uptake in Antarctic waters. Limnol. Oceanogr., 25(6): 1064- Subtle changes in hydrographical regime have major 1074. effects on phytoplankton composition; physical

processes may play an important role in the Approximately equal amounts of new and regen- variability observed in phytoplankton distribution. erated N were utilized by phytoplankton in the Evidence suggests that the observed decrease in Scotia and Ross seas. Much of the low primary diversity in the phytoplankton community was production is exported from surface layers; these induced by the decline of the heterogeneity of the losses are offset by the 'relatively high proportion of physical environment. Includes a species list, new production.' Relative uptake of NH4 increased Bigelow Lab. for Ocean Sciences, West Boothbay with increasing NH 4 concentration and depth in the Harbor, Maine 04575, USA. water column. Scripps Inst. of Oceanography, La Jolla, Calif. 92093, USA. (mjj)

81:3257 81:3254 Booth, B.C., J. Lewin and R.E. Norris, 1980.

Robertson, C.J.R., J.R. Gilbert and A.W. Erickson, Siliceous nanoplankton. 1. Newly discovered cysts 1980. Birds and seals of the Balleny Islands, from the Gulf of Alaska. Mar. Biol., 58(3):205- Antarctica. Rec. natn. Mus. N.Z., 1(16):271-279. 209.

OLR (1981) 2g (6) E. Biological Oceanography 463

Cysts of 2.5 to 5.5 /~m size discovered in eastern 81:3262 subarctic waters may be part of the life cycle of Crescenti, Nunzio and Stellario Creazzo, 1979. The siliceous oceanic choanoflageUates. Cells were physical-dynamic characteristics and the plankton widely distributed and abundant, and may play an in AuguSta Basin [Sicily] on the occasion of a important role in the subarctic food web. The forms remarkable eutrophication phenomenon which are described; taxonomic affinities and ecological occurred in September 1977. Memorie Biol. mar. importance are discussed. Includes 13 micrographs. Oceanogr~ (N.S.)9(5): 123-166. (In Italian, Eng- Dept. of Oceanography, WB-10, Univ. of Wash- lish abstract.)

ington, Seattle, Wash. 98195, USA. (smf) Observations indicated the phenomenon existed over the entire surface layer (~3 m); massive devel-

81:3258 Charpy, L.J. and C.J. Charpy-Roubaud, 1980. opment of Peridinium trochoideum, Skeletonema

costatum and Thalassiosira sp. populations charac- [Primary production in San Jos6 Gulf waters, terized the phytoplankton population. Zooplankton Valdes Peninsula, Argentina. II. Phytoplankton and herbivores were wholly inadequate to control assemblages and seston composition.] Hydro- the bloom. Includes species lists. Istituto di Zoologia biologia, 75(3):215-224. (In French, English summary.) Rua Itaqui 470, Cassino 96200, Rio e di Anatomia Comparata dell'Universit/t di Grande, RS, Brazil. Messina, Italy. (smf)

81:3259 81:3263 Gargas, Eivind, Sverre Mortensen and G.A. Nielsen,

Charpy, L.J. and C.J. Charpy-Roubaud, 1980. 1980. Production and photosynthetic efficiency of [Primary production in San Jos~ Gulf waters, phytoplankton in the open Danish waters 1975-77. Valdes Peninsula, Argentina. 111. Annual phyto- Ophelia, Suppl. 1:123-144. plankton production estimate.] Hydrobiologia, 75(3):225-229. (In French, English summary.) Production appears to have increased slightly since Rua Itaqui 470, Cassino 96200, Rio Grande, RS, 1933, but remains lower than production in all but Brazil. the northern part of the Baltic. Photosynthetic

efficiency was related to light and temperature. The 81:3260 C:Chl a ratio may have been ~60 above 12°C.

Charpy, L.J., C.J. Charpy-Roubaud and M.J. Water Quality Institute, DK-2970 Harsholm, Den- Pizarro, 1980. [Primary production in San Jos6 mark. (mjj) Gulf waters, Valdes Peninsula, Argentina. I. Physical parameters and mineral contents.] 81:3264 Hydrobiologia, 75(3):209-214. (In French, Eng- Hollibaugh, J.T., A.B. Carruthers, J.A. Fuhrman and lish summary.) Rua Itaqui 470, Cassino 96200, F. Azam; 1980. Cycling of organic nitrogen in Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. marine plankton communities studied in enclosed

water columns. Mar. Biol., 59(1):15-21.

81:3261 Amino acid degradation in 1300 m 3 plastic enclo- Corral, Jeronimo and M.T. Alvarez-Ossorio, 1978. sures was related to primary production, was greatest

[Zooplankton of the Arosa Estuary, NW Spain. 1. in the euphotic zone, represented 60% of the N H 4

Community composition and distribution during flux, and ranged from 17-210% (mean 78%) of the C an annual cycle.] Boln Inst. esp. Oceanogr., flux of primary production. Bacterial growth rates of 4(4)(265): 131-163. (In Spanish, English summa- 0.3 to 3.0 doublings/day could be supported by the ry.) amino acid C flux. Scripps Inst. of Oceanography,

La Jolla, Calif., USA. (mjj) Larval Pisidia longicornis heavily dominated the samples (90%); 27 taxa were sampled by net. While 81:3265 the cladocerans, especially P. longicornis, are abun- Itoh, Hideki and Shoji Iizuka, 1980. Studies on the dant from spring till early fall, copepods dominate in zooplankton in Omura Bay [Japanl. II. Seasonal winter; maximum diversity occurs in spring and occurrences of Rotatoria, Ciadocera, Sagittoidea, again in late summer. Areal upwelling is indicated. Appendiculata and benthos larvae. Bull. Fac. Fish. One effect of the mussel culture rafts on the system Nagasaki Univ., 49:1-10. (In Japanese, English is reflected by the fact that no P. longicornis larvae abstract.) Includes species lists. were found in a study done 1899-1901 (Carus Falcon, 1903). Includes species lists. Instituto 81:3266 Espahoi de Oceanogr~tfia, Alcafft, 27, 4, Madrid, Platt, T., C.L. Gallegos and W.G. Harrison, 1980. Spain. (sir) Photoinhibition of photosynthesis in natural

464 E. Biological Oceanography OLR ( 1981) 28 (6)

assemblages of marine phytoplankton. J. mar. 81:3270 Res., 38(4):687-701. Shushkina, E.A. and E.I. Musaeva, 1980. Energy

A new empirical equation describes photosynthesis equivalents of body mass of marine zooiflunkters as dependent on their size. Okeanologiia,

by phytoplankton as a single, continuous function of 20(5):922-930. (In Russian, English abstract.) available light from the initial linear response through the photoinhibited range. Properties of the Similar dependences of body mass energy equiva- curve are derived, and a procedure is given for fitting lents on body size were obtained for zooplankton it to the results of light-saturation experiments, from waters as trophically dissimilar as the Antarctic Versatility of the equation is illustrated by data and the tropics. (mjj) collected on natural phytoplankton assemblages; photoinhibition indices derived from the fitted curve 81:3271 vary strongly with depth and with time of day, Silver, M.W., J.G. Mitchell and D.L. Ringo, 1980. perhaps characterizing the physiological state of the Siliceous nanoplankton. II. Newly discovered phytoplankton. Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, cysts and abundant choanofl~,ellates from the Bedford Inst. of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Mar. Biol, 58(3):211- Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2. 217.

SEM was used to study siliceous choanoflagellates and siliceous spheroids (previously undescribed)

81:3267 found abundantly (10S/L) below sea-ice. The minute Quetin, L.B., R.M. Ross and K. Uchio, 1980.

Metabolic characteristics of midwater zooplank- spheroids, which may be choanoflagellate cysts and easily overlooked with light microscopy, may have a

ton: ammonia excretion, O:N ratios, and the worldwide distribution (they have also been found in effect of starvation. Mar. Biol., 59(4):201-209. the North and East Pacific) and be of considerable

Decrease in protein catabolism (indicated by NH 3 taxonomic interest. Includes II micrographs. Center excretion and O:N ratios) with depth of occurrence for Coastal Marine Studies, Univ. of California at was studied for a wide range of species; metabolic Santa Cruz, Calif. 95064, USA. (mjj) effects of starvation (28 d) were studied for Gnatho- phausia ingens. Includes a species list. Australian 81:3272 Nat. Univ., Res. School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Smetacek, V., B. von Bodungen, B. Knoppers, H. Box 475, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia. (mjj) Neubert, F. Pollehne and B. Zeitzschel, 1980.

Shipboard experiments on the effect of vertical mixing on natural plankton populations in the

81:3268 central Baltic Sea. Ophelia, Suppl. 1:77-98.

Richardson, S.L., J.L. Laroche and M.D. Richard- Proportion of surface water (and corresponding son, 1980. Larval fish assemblages and associ- dissolved N) apparently directly affected planktonic ations in the north-east Pacific Ocean along the particulate organic N formation. Sedimented parti- Oregon coast, winter-spring 1972-1975. Estuar. culates had consistently higher C/N and C/Chl coast. "mar. Sci., 11(6):671-699. Includes species ratios than suspended matter; sinking rates increased lists. Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, E. Beach with C /N ratios (which increased with medium Drive, Ocean Springs, Miss. 39564, USA. depletion of N). Implications for retention of

nutrients in the euphotic zone and enrichment of the benthic zone are discussed. Institut for Meeres-

81:3269 kunde, D0sternbrooker Weg 20, D-23 Kiel, F.R.G. Rudyakov, J.A. and V.B. Tseitlin, 1980. Passive (sir)

sinking rate in marine pelagic organisms. Okeano- logiia, 20(5):931-936. (In Russian, English ab- 81:3273 stract.) Smetacek, Victor, 1980. Annual cycle of sedimen-

tation in relation to plankton ecology in the Pelagic fauna (100/.tm to 10 cm), if passive, tend to western Kiel Bight. Ophelia, Suppl. 1:65-76. sink at a rate of one body length per second. Few specimens with buoyancy near zero were found: The pattern of sedimentation is similar each year in small negative buoyancy helps animals move with- spite of quantitative differences. From May to out creating revealing water oscillations. Animals August, sedimentation rates are low because herbi- unable to maintain the necessary swimming rate yore and carnivore populations are well developed, gradually sink and may be important in sedimen- apparently consuming particulate organics. From ration of organic matter. (dme) November to March resuspended sediment causes

OLR ( 1981 ) 28 (6) E. Biological Oceanography 465

high sedimentation. Institut fur Meereskunde an der 81:3279 Universitat Kiel, Dosternbrooker Weg 20, 23 Kiel, Hirth, H.F,, 1980. Some aspects of the nesting F.R.G. (dme) behavior and reproductive biology of sea turtles.

Am. Zool., 20(3):507-523. Department of Biol- 81:3274 ogy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah

Smetacek, V.S., 1980. Zooplankton standing stock, 84112, USA. copeped faecal pellets and particulate detritus in Kiel Bight. Estuar. coast, mar. Sci., 11(5):477- 81:3280 490. Owens, D.W., 1980. The comparative reproductive

Copepod faecal pellets break down faster when physiology of sea turtles. Am. Zool., 20(3)-549- zooplankton populations are greater and temper- 563. Includes photos, micrographs and a draw- atures are high, remaining in the water column a few ing of a Caretta caretta pineal-paraphyseal hours in summer, more than a week in winter; water complex. Department of Biology, Texas A&M column faecal pellet removal by sedimentation is University, College Station, Tex. 77843, USA. relatively less important. No relationship between zooplankton and other particulate detritus was 81:3281 discerned. Institut ftlr Meereskunde, Dtlsternbrooker Pitcher, K.W., 1980. Food of the harbor seal, Phoca Weg 20, D-2300 Kiel, F.R.G. (dme) vitulina richardsi, in the Gulf of Alaska. Fishery

Bull. natn. mar. Fish. Serv., U.S., 78(2):544-549. 81:3275 Includes species lists. Alaska Department of

Zhitkovsky, Yu.Yu. and V,A. Mozgovoy, 1980. Fish and Game, 333 Raspberry Road, An- Deep-scattering layers in the ocean. A review of chorage, Alaska 99502, USA. studies 1975-1979. Okeanologiia, 20(5):792-805. 81:3282 (In Russian, English abstract.) Includes 74 references. Pritchard, P.C.H., 1980. The conservation of sea

turtles: practices and problems. Am. Zool., 20(3):609-617.

Conservation techniques in current use are reviewed. In the absence of unequivocal data on some aspects

El00. Sekton (communit ies; also fish, rep- of turtle biology, or on the effectiveness of conser- tiles, mammals) vation techniques, the author urges an open-minded

81:3276 common sense approach to turtle conservation if turtles are to be saved from extinction. Florida

Ackerman, R.A., 1980. Physiological and ecological Audubon Society, Post Office Drawer 7, Maitland, aspects of gas exchange by sea turtle eggs. Am. Fla. 32751, USA. (smf) Zool., 20(3):575-583. Physiological Research Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanogra- phy, U.C.S.D., La Jolla, Calif. 92093, USA. 81:3283

Smith, M.A.K. and A.E.V. Haschemeyer, 1980. Protein metabolism and cold adaptation in Ant,

81:3277 arctic fishes. Physiol. Zool., 53(4):373-382. Ebeling, A.W., R.J. Larson, W.S. Alevizon and R,N. To resolve some arguments concerning cold adap-

Bray, 1980. Annual variability of reef-fish as- ration in Antarctic fishes, studies were made on the semblages in kelp forests off Santa Barbara, premise that protein synthesis has been shown to California. Fishery Bull. natn. mar. Fish. Serv., bear a constant ratio to basal metabolism. When U.S., 78(2):361-377. Includes a species list. investigated and compared to data for temperate Marine Science Institute, University of Call- and tropical species at a variety of temperatures, fornia, Santa Barbara, Calif. 93106, USA. Antarctic species exhibited two- to three-fold ad-

aptation; this is consistent with several respiratory metabolism studies. Haschemeyer: Dept. of Bio- 81:3278

Grigg, G.C., L.E. Taplin, P. Harlow and J. Wright, logical Sciences, Hunter College, New York, N. Y. 1980, Survival and growth of hatchling Croco- 10021, USA. (slr) dylns porosns in saltwater without access to fresh drinking water. Oecologia, 47(2):264-266. Zo- 81:3284 ology A08, Univ. of Sydney, N.S.W. 2006, Thomas, J., D. DeMaster, S. Stone and D. Andri- Australia. ashek, 1980. Observations of a newborn Ross seal

466 E. Biological Oceanography OLR (1981) 28 (6)

pup (Ommatophoca rossl) near the Antarctic sorting and preservation methods probably account Peninsula. Can. J. Zool., 58(11):2156-2158. for the discrepancies. Supplements to the BMB

instructions are needed, including more detail on the This is believed to be the first documented obser- vation of a newborn Ross seal. Behavioral obser- sieving technique. AskO Lab., Stockholm Univ., Box vations and standard measurements were made. 58, S-150 13 Trosa, Sweden. (smf)

Hubbs-Sea World Res. Inst., 1700 South Shores Rd., 81:3289 Mission Bay, San Diego, Calif. 92109, USA.

Asmus, Harald, Hans Theede, H.-G. Neuhoff and Winfrid Schramm, 1980. The role of epthenthic

81:3285 Wood, J.R, and F.E. Wood, 1980. Reproductive macrofauna in the oxygen budget of Zostera

biology of captive green sea turtles Chelonia communities from the Baltic Sea. Ophelia, Suppl. 1:99-111.

mydas. Am. Zool., 20(3):499-505. Cayman Turtle Farm Limited, P.O. Box 645, Grand Cayman, Respiration by epibenthic macrofauna amounted to B.W.I. 3~% of total community respiration based on both

laboratory and in-situ measurements, but this may 81:3286 represent only about 1/5 of the total macrofaunal

Young, R.E., E.M. Kampa, S.D. Maynard, F.M. respiration. Crustaceans and gastropods, even Mencher and C.F.E. Roper, 1980. Counteril- though representing small proportions of the lumination and the upper depth limits of midwater biomass, were major oxygen consumers. Institut for animals. Deep-Sea Res., 27(9A):671-691. Meereskunde an der Universit~tt Kiel, 2300 Kiel,

DOsternbrooker Weg 20, F.R.G. (mjj) Maximum counterillumination intensities (for 3 squid and l fish species) were compared with the 81:3290 intensity of downwelling irradiance off Oahu, Ha- Bak, R.P.M. and B.E. Luckhurst, 1980. Constancy waft. Data support the hypothesis that limits on and change in coral reef habitats along depth concealment from predation through counterillumi- nation determine the upper depth limits of meso- gradients at Curacao. Oecologia, 47(2):145-155. pelagic fauna during the day. At night near full Changes in living and non-living components of the moon, however, animals may be found at light levels substratum due to recruitment and mortality of higher than those at which counterillumination corals and to factors such as slope, sedimentation, seems to be an effective strategy. Dept. of Ocean- and collapse of substrata were studied using cover ography, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. measurements and photographic monitoring. Spatial

rearrangement of substrata significantly affects 81:3287 community organization in deep coral reefs with a

Zangerl, Rainer, 1980. Patterns of phylogenetic magnitude varying with depth and along the coast. differentiation in the toxocbelyid and ebeloniid Includes species lists and underwater photos. Car- sea turtles. Am. Zool., 20(3):585-596. Includes 2 ibbean Marine Biological Institute (Carmabi), P.O. photos and numerous drawings. Hajji Hallow, Box 2090, Piscaderabaai, Curaqao, Netherlands R.R. No. 4, Box 252 A, Rockville, Ind. 47872, Antilles. (mjj) USA.

81:3291 Cherbadgi, 1.1. and V.G. Tarasov, 1980. Photosyn-

thesis and respiration of benthic communities of E l l 0 . Bottom communities soft bottoms in Vostok Bay (Sea of Japan).

81:3288 Biologiya mor., Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1980(2):21- 30. (In Russian, English abstract.) Inst. of

Ankar, Sven, A.-B. Andersin, Julius Lassig, Lars Marine Biology, Far East Science Center, Acad- Norling and Henrik Sandier, 1979. Methods for emy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok studying benthic macrofaana: an intel'calibration 690022, U.S.S.R. between two laboratories in the Baltic Sea. Finn. mar. Res., 246:147-160. 81:3292

Comparisons of sampling methods used by Ask0 Cherbadgie, 1.I., M.V. Propp, V.I. Ryabushko and Laboratory (U. of Stockholm, Sweden) and the V.B. Pogrebov, 1980. Photosyntbesis and res- Institute of Marine Research (Helsinki, Finland) piration of bottom communities on hard sediments indicate that although both adhered to BMB (Baltic in the Vostok Bay (Sea of Japan). Biologiya mor., Marine Biologists) recommendations, results dif- Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1980(4):46-53. (In Russian, fered. Grab construction, sieving techniques, and English abstract.) Inst. of Marine Biology, Far

OLR (198 I) 28 (6) E. Biological Oceanography 467

East Science Center, Academy of Sciences of the interspecific competition may influence benthic USSR, Vladivostok 690022, U.S.S.R. community structure. Includes species lists and ca.

90 references. Marine Research Laboratory, P.O. 81:3293 Box 278, Noank, Conn. 06340, USA. (mjj)

Davis, P.H. and R.B. Spies, 1980. lafaunal benthos of a natural petroleum seep: study of community structure. Mar. Biol., 59(1):31-41.

El20. Estuarine and marsh communities There was no difference in diversity between benthic infaunal populations at a petroleum seep and at a 81:3298 nearby control area (Santa Barbara, California) and Stevens, G.N. and R.W. Rogers, 1979. The macro- the two sites had in common 72% of their popu- lichen flora from the mangroves of Moreton Bay lations. However, seep populations were more [eastern Australia]. Proc. R. Soc. Qd, 90:33- variable and were dominated by deposit-feeding 49 + 1 plate. Includes 8 photos. Dept. of oligochaetes, rare at the control site. Increased Botany, Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane, Aus- abundance of bacteria due to the fresh petroleum tralia. substrate may provide an enriched food supply for local deposit-feeders. Includes species lists. Law- 81:3299 rence Livermore Lab., Univ. of Calif., P.O. Box Weinstein, M.P., S.L. Weiss and M.F. Waiters, 1980. 5507, Livermore, Calif. 94550, USA. (mjj) Multiple determinants of community structure in

shallow marsh habitats, Cape Fear River Estuary, 81:3294 North Carolina, USA. Mar. Biol., 58(3):227-243.

Kafanov, A.I. and V.M. Chepiga, 1980. On the Includes extensive species lists. Dept. of Biology, distribution of common macrozoobenthie forms in Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, Va. the intertidal zone of the western part of the 23284, USA. Bering Sea and the southeastern part of Kam- chatka. Biologiya mor., Akad. Nauk" SSSR ,

1980(3):39-49. (In Russian, English abstract.) El30. Fouling and boring organisms and Includes species lists. Institute of Marine Biol- ogy, Far East Science Center, Academy of communities Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok 690022, U.S.S.R. 81:3300

Mook, David, 1980. Seasonal variation in species 81:3295 composition of recently settled fouling commu-

Little, Colin and L.P. Smith, 1980. Vertical zonation nities along an environmental gradient in the on rocky shores in the Severn Estuary [U.K.I. Indian River Lagoon, Florida. Estuar. coast, mar. Estuar. coast, mar. Sci., 11(6):651-669. Depart- Sci., 11(5):573-581. Includes species lists. Harbor ment of Zoology, Bristol University, Bristol BS8 Branch Foundation, Inc., RR1, Box 196, Ft. lUG, U.K. Pierce, Fla. 33450, USA.

81:3296 Silvertsen, K. and A. Bjorge, 1980. Reduction of algal El40. Birds

vegetation in Helgeland [Norway] coastal waters. Fisken Hay., 1980(4): 1-9. (In Norwegian, English 81:3301 abstract.) Institutt for marinbiologi og limnologi, Belopol'skii, L.O., V.N. Babaryka, L.A. Bugaev and avd. Matin botanikk Universitetet i Oslo, Nor- L.V. Smirnova, 1980. Population dynamics of way. marine birds of Georges Bank. Soy. J. Ecol. (a

translation of Ekologiya), 11(2): 117-122. 8 i :3297

Whitlatch, R.B., 1980. Patterns of resource utilization Population numbers and percentages of species of Procellariiformes, Pelecaniformes, Latiformes, and

and coexistence in marine intertidal deposit- others were examined during parts of 1976 and 1977 feeding communities. J. mar. Res., 38(4):743-765. and correlated with residence times during migra-

The distribution of surface and sub-surface foragers tion. (smf) (annelids) was influenced by food-resource alloca- tion (i.e., particle size and vertical space utilization). 81:3302 Species richness was directly correlated with sedi- Bradstreet, M.S.W., 1980. Thick-hilled murres and ment organic matter (food) content. Diffuse and black guillemots in the Barrow Strait area,

468 E. Biological Oceanography OLR (1981) 28 (6)

N.W.T, during spring: diets and food availability partment of Biological Sciences, Wright State Univ., along ice edges. Can. J. Zool., 58(11):2120-2140. Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA. (mjj)

Diet studies of murres (Uria lomvia) and guillemots 81:3306 (Cepphus grylle) from 5 June to 4 July 1976 revealed Bell, W,H., 1980. Bacterial utilization of algal that offshore diets of the two species were more similar than diets at coastal ice edges, and that extracellular products. 1. The kinetic approach. considerable habitat-related differences in diet also Limnol. Oceanogr., 25(6):1007-1020. existed. The importance of epontic (ice-associated) Equations are derived which permit a linear kinetic fauna in spring alcid diets is discussed. LGL analysis of the utilization of algal extracellular Limited, Environmental Res. Assoc., 44 Eglinton products (mixed substrates) by bacteria, and which Ave. West, Toronto, Ont., Canada M4R IA1. (smf) should show changes in heterotrophic population

size and concentrations of extracellular products. 81:3303 Deviations from linear predictions may reveal

Gromadzki, Maciej (ed.), 1977/1980. Proceedings of aspects of the degree of specificity of algal-bacterial the second international conference on the study interactions. Dept. of Biology, Hamilton College, and conservation of the migratory birds of the Clinton, N. Y. 13323, USA. Baltic Basin 125-29 Oct. 1977, Sopot, Poland]. Acta orn., Warsz., (Suppl.)17(10):193pp.; 15 81:3307 papers. Bell, W.H. and Egil Sakshaug, 1980. Bacterial

Articles from the conference include, among others: utilization of algal extracellulat products. 2. A a survey and evaluation of migration study methods; kinetic study of natural populations. Limnol. waterfowl moult and migration; aspects of inter- Oceanogr., 25(6):1021-1033. national cooperation in bird studies; management of Uptake of ~4C-labeled extracellular products from a wetlands and waterfowl populations; sea birds and bloom of Skeletonema costatum by native bacteria the Bravo blowout; population ecology of ducks; the was analyzed in the Trondheimsfjord, Norway. Data Finnish Pandion project; and papers on Larus agreed with linear predictions of a mixed-substrate ridibundus, Tadorna tadorna, Sterna sandvicensis and kinetic model. Uptake of extracellular products from Calidris a. alpina. (smf) Chaetoceros affinis could not be analyzed according

to the model. The bloom of S. costatum stimulated a 81:3304 specific bacterial flora which established dynamic

Renaud, W.E. and M.S.W. Bradstreet, 1980. Late equilibrium between release and consumption of winter distribution of black guillemots in northern extracellular products. Dept. of Biology, Hamilton Baffin Bay and the Canadian high Arctic. Can. College, Clinton, N. Y. 13323, USA. Fld-Naturalist, 94(4):421-425. LGL Limited, Environmental Research Associates, 44 Eglinton 81:3308 Avenue West, Toronto, Ontario M4R IA1, Cooke, J.C., 1980. Dispersal of microfungi in the Canada. Thames River Estuary of eastern Long Island

Sound. Estuar. coast, mar. Sci., 11(5):537-545.

Seasonal distribution patterns of propagules of soil El50. Microbiology (communi t ies , pro- microfungi in the river and sound support their

usefulness as indicators of sediment transport, river cesses; also bacter ia , fungi, yeasts, viruses, discharge, and mixing processes. Biology Group and etc.) Marine Science Institute, The University of Con-

necticut at Avery Point, Groton, Conn. 06340, USA. 81:3305

Amon, J.P. and R.D. Arthur, 1980. The requirement (smf) for sodium in marine fungi: uptake and incor- 81:3309 poration of amino acids. Botanica mar., Holzman, T.F. and T.O. Baldwin, 1980. Proteolytic 23(10):639-644. inactivation of lucfferases from three species of

Na-dependent amino acid transport in an estuarine luminous marine bacteria, Bemeckea harveyi, chytrid was studied using a nonmetabolizable amino Photobacterium fiseheri, and Photobacterium acid. Transport may be driven by an Na gradient; pho~ahoreum: evidence of a conserved slructural some evidence suggests possible co-transport of feature. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.,4., amino acids and Na. Na appears required for 77(11):6363-6367. Baldwin: The Biochem. 'nutrient procurement rather than synthesis.' De- Dept., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. 61801, USA.

OLR ( 198 I) 28 (6) E. Biological Oceanography 469

81:3310 81:3314 Kirk, P.W. Jr. and J.M. Brandt, 1980. Seasonal Shearer, C.A. and J.L. Crane, 1980. Fungi of the

distribution of liguicolons marine fungi in the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. VIII. As- lower Chesapeake Bay. Botanica mar., comycetes with unfurling appendages. Botanica 23(10):657-668. mar, 23(10):607-615.

Records of marine fungi collected systematically for Ascomycetes collected from brackish and freshwater 10 years indicate the salinity tolerances of the higher resembled Ceriosporopsis hamata except that in water aquatic fungi and provide data on the biogeography, the initially solid hamate ascospore appendages community structure and seasonal distribution of the unfolded into long filaments similar to those of mycota. Includes extensive species lists. Dept. of Halosarpheiafibrosa. New species H. retorquens and Biol. Sciences, Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, Va. H. cincinnatula are described and several new 23508, USA. (hbf) combinations are proposed. Includes 52 micro-

graphs. Dept. of Botany, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, 81:3311 Ill. 61801, USA. (hbf)

Kirk, P.W. Jr. and S. Schatz, 1980. Higher fungi affected by declining salinity and seasonal factors 81:3315 in a coastal embayment. Botanica mar., Torzilli, A.P. and G. Andrykovitch, 1980. Cell wall 23(10):629-638. degrading enzymes produced by the salt marsh

fungus Buergenerula spartinae. Botanica mar., Fungi collected from wood and decaying vegetation 23(10):645-650. Biology Department, George under normal low salinity conditions in an embay- Mason University, Fairfax, Va. 22030, USA. ment isolated from the ocean were compared with the fungi occurring along a salinity gradient created 81:3316 by pumping seawater into the bay. Seasonal changes Weiner, R.M., David Hussong and R.R. Colwell, in the oligohaline fungal flora were studied. Includes 1980. An estuarine agar medium for enumeration species lists. Department of Biological Sciences, Old of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria associated with Dominion Univ., Norfolk, Va. 23508, USA. (mjj) water, sediment, and shellfish. Can. J. Microbiol.,

81:3312 26(I 1): 1366-1369. Department of Microbiology, University of Maryland, College Park, Md.

Pugh, G.J.F. and W.G. Beeftink, 1980. Fungi in 20742, USA. coastal and inland salt marshes. Botanica mar., 23(10):651-656.

Southwestern Netherlands salt marsh fungi asso- ciated with higher plant species in old and recently E220. Invertebrates (excep t E 2 3 0 - empoldered areas were studied; salinity level of the Crustacea, and E240-Pro tozoa) soil controls the balance between some species. Dendryphiella safina, a halophyte, is a useful indi- 81:3317 cator of residual salt and seepage of seawater from Den Hartog, J.C., 1980. Caribbean shallow water nearby dykes. Includes a species list. Dept. of Biol. Corallimorpharia. Zoologische verb., 176:98pp. Sciences, Univ. of Aston, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK. Includes numerous drawings, micrographs, un- (hbf) derwater photos and ca. 100 references. Rijks-

museum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, The 81:3313 Netherlands.

Shearer, C.A. et al., 1979/80. Contributions to the Third International Marine Mycology Sympo- 81:3318 siren. Sept. 9-15, 1979, Morehead City, North Carolina, USA. Botanica mar., 23(10):607-668; 8 Dunson, W.A., 1980. Adaptations of nymphs of a

marine dragonfly, Erythrodiplax berenlce, to wide papers, variations in salinity. Physiol. Zool., 53(4):445-

Included are articles on Laminaria degradation by 452. Dept. of Biol, Penn. State Univ., University higher fungi; chemical factors affecting ascospore Park, Penn. 16802, USA. germination and mycelium development; effects of declining salinity and other factors on higher fungi; uptake and incorporation of amino acids; coastal 81:3319 and inland salt marsh fungi; and seasonal distri- lvanov, A.V., 1980. On some results of the study of bution of lignicolous marine fungi in the lower Pogonophora. Biologiya mor., Akad. Nauk SSSR, Chesapeake Bay. (smf) 1980(4):3-7. (In Russian, English abstract.)

470 E. Biological Oceanography OLR (1981) 28 (61

Detailed analyses suggest a monophyletic origin for 81:3324 all Coelomata, and lead to 5 proposed subphyla: Greenwood, J.G., 1979. Calanoid copepods of More- Trochozoa, Tentaculata, Chaetognatha, Pogono- ton Bay (Queensland). IV. Family Ponteliidee. phora and Deuterostomia. Similarities, differences Proc. R. Soc. Qd, 90:93-111. Includes ca. 50 and relationships are considered. Laboratory of drawings. Zoology Dept., Univ. of Queensland, Evolutionary Morphology, Zoological Institute, Australia. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad 199164, USSR. (smf) 81:3325

Harbison, G.R. and V.L. McAlister, 1980. Fact and 81:3320 artifact in copepod feeding experiments. Limnol.

Thompson, B.E., 1980. Note. A new bathyal sipun- Oceanogr., 25(6):971-981.

culan [Golflngia(Neplmsoma)n/colnsin.sp.I from Paulet's (1974, 1978) and gichman et al.'s (1977) southern California, with ecological notes. Deep- demonstrations of 'opportunistic' or 'flexible' feed- Sea Res., 27(11A):951-957. Includes drawings ing by copepods on natural particle assemblages are and 1 bottom photo. Allan Hancock Founda- questioned because of 3 possible sources of artifact: tion, University of Southern California, Los (I) sensing-zone counters (e.g., Coulter Counter) Angeles, Calif. 90007, USA. measure volumes, not linear dimensions of particles,

81:3321 (2) sieves sort particles based on linear dimensions, not volumes, (3) experimental agitation breaks some

Tursi, Angelo, Raffaele Vaccarella and Alfonso algal cells. Australian Inst. of Marine Science, Matarrese, 1979. Ascidians of the Port of Bari Private Mail Bag 3, Townsville, Queensland 4810, [southern Italy, Adriatic Sea]. Mernorie Biol. mar. Australia. (izs) Oceanogr., (N.S.)9(6):185-202. (In Italian, Eng- lish abstract.) Istituto di Zoologla e Anatomia 81:3326 Comparata, Univ. di Bari, Italy. Holthuis, L.B., 1980. The identity of Hapalopoda

investigator Filhoi, 1885 (Decapoda, Penaeidae) and other shrimps collected by the 1880-1883 Travailleur and Talisman expeditions. Zoolo-

E230. Crustacea gische Meded., Leiden, 55(15):183-194.

Names suggested (and backed by adequate data) for 81:3322 several species in the 1850's by Henri Filhol have

Checkley, D.M. Jr., 1980. Food limitation of egg been entirely overlooked by scientists (although production by a marine, planktonic copepod in the sea off southern California. Limnol. Oceanogr., some were accepted and used in popular publi- 25(6):991-998. cations of that time). This synonymy gives the

nomenclatural history of Benthonectesfilipes (Filhol's The in-situ rate of egg production (B) by Paracalanus H. investigator) up to 1905. Rijksmuseum van parvus was primarily determined by food availability Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, Netherlands. (smf) (measured as chlorophyll a concentration). B was to a lesser extent related to temperature and female 81:3327 size. P. parvus was often food limited, particularly Holthuis, L.B., 1980. Alpheus saxidomns new species, with increasing distance offshore from southern a rock boring snapping shrimp from the Pacific California. Marine Science Inst., Univ. of Texas, coast of Costa Rica, with notes on Alpheus sirens Port Aransas, Tex. 78373, USA. (mjj) Gu6rin-M6neville, 1856. Zoologische Meded.,

Leiden, 55(4):47-58. Includes ca. 16 drawings. 81:3323 Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden,

Netherlands. Glebov, B.V. and E.G. Kolosova, 1980. Recurrent

groups of calanoid copepod species in the north- ern subtropical gyre of the Atlantic Ocean. 81:3328 Okeanologiia, 20(5):909-914. (In Russian, Eng- Jannasch, H.W., R.L. Cuhel, C.O. Wirsen and C.D. lish abstract.) Taylor, 1980. An approach for in-situ studies of

Twenty-six species in 9 recurrent groups of deep-sea amphipods and their microbial gut flora. Calanoida (Copepoda) are distinguished; their qual- Deep-Sea Res., 27(10A):867-872. itative composition along a Florida to Gibraltar A technique has been developed and field-tested for transect and their characteristic distribution with the trapping, feeding, and timed incubation of depth are discussed. (dine) amphipods on the deep-sea floor. Using radiolabeled

OLR ( 198 l) 28 (6) E. Biological Oceanography 471

foodstuffs, it is possible to distinguish between the Biology of Southern Seas, Sevastopol 335000, metabolism of the amphipods and that of their U.S.S.R. intestinal microflora. Includes i underwater photo. W.H.O.I., Woods Hole, Mass. 02543, USA. 81:3333

Serene, R., 1980. Remarks on some little-known 81:3329 species and description of a new species of

Kussakin, O.G. and G.S. Vasina, 1980. [Two new Crustacea Brachyura mainly from Mauritius and Antarctic isopod species: Dolichiscus georg/n.sp, deposited in the collections of the Mus6um from the Falkland Islands and Dolichiscus sub- d'Histoire naturelle de Gen~ve [Etisus zehntneri antarcticus n.sp. from the Kerguelen Islands.] sp. nov.]. Revue suisse ZooL, 87(3):711-722. (In Biologiya mor., Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1980(2):31- French, English abstract.) Includes 12 photos. 37. (In Russian, English abstract.) Includes ca. Lab. de Carcinologie et d'Oc~anographie bio- 15 drawings. Institute of Marine Biology, Far logique, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, 61, East Science Center, Academy of Sciences of the rue de Buffon, 75005 Paris, France. USSR, Vladivostok 690022, U.S.S.R.

81:3334 81:3330 Strong, K.W. and G.R. Daborn, 1980. The influence

Nair, K.K.C. and Klaus Anger, 1980. Seasonal of temperature on energy budget variables, body variation in population structure and biochemical size, and seasonal occurrence of the isopod ldotea composition of Jussa talcata (Crustacea, Amphi- bMtica (Pallas). Can. J. Zool., 58(11): 1992-1996. poda) off the island of Helgoland (North Sea). Estuar. coast, mar. Sci., 11(5):505-513. Ingestion (C) and metabolic (R) rates are dif-

ferentially affected by temperature; C - R varies with Reported are seasonal variations in population both body size and temperature. Small isopods (<20 structure (size-frequenc3~ distribution, sex ratio, mg) would grow most rapidly at the highest tern- percentage of juveniles and ovigerous females), perature studied (14°C), whereas larger animals biochemical composition, and energy content. Cor- presumably would grow most rapidly at cooler relations between biochemical composition (protein, temperatures (ca.9°C). Populations at lower tern- carbohydrate, lipid, chitin) and factors such as peratures live twice as long, grow larger and leave amphipod size and amount of suspended food are the intertidal zone for longer periods than do warmer presented. National Institute of Oceanography, temperature populations. Plansearch Inc., 1000 Regional Centre, Cochin 682018, Kerala, India. (mjj) Windmill Rd., Dartmouth, N.S., Canada B3B 1L7.

81:3331 81:3335 Van Dolah, R.F. and Edward Bird, 1980. A corn- Roman, M.R. and P.A. Rublee, 1980. Containment

effects in copepod grazing experiments: a plea to parison of reproductive patterns in epifaunal and end the black box approach. Limnol. Oceanogr., infaunal gammaridean amphipods. Estuar. coast. 25(6):982-990. mar. Sci., 11(6):593-604. S.C. Marine Resources

Research Institute, P.O. Box 12559, Charleston, Unfiltered seawater and copepods were enclosed in S.C. 29412, USA. 500-mL jars for 48-h. Grazing rates decreased rapidly for the first 3 h (up to 50%) then decreased 81:3336 more slowly. The number of bacteria increased. Von Hagen, H.-O., 1980. A key to the 'X-Species' of Variable but significant changes were found in the North American fiddler crabs (genus Uca). Zoolo- size distribution of particles and concentrations of gische Meded., Leiden, 55(8):87-96. Includes ca. ATP and chlorophyll a. Grazing rates calculated 20 drawings. Philipps-Univ., Fachbereich Biol- from jars with NH4 + additions were about twice ogie (Zoologie), D-355 Marburg/Lahn, F.R.G. those calculated from unamended controls. Rosen- stiel School of Mar. and Atmos. Science, Univ. of Miami, Miami, Fla. 33149, USA. 81:3337

Von Vaupel Klein, J.C., 1980. A new species of Euchirella [E. panlinae n.sp.] (fam. Aetideidae)

81:3332 from the 'Dana'-collections (Copepoda, Cala- Sazhina, L.I, 1980 Fecundity, growth rate and noida; central eastern Pacific.) Zoologische

specific production of some Atlantic copepods. Meded., Leiden, 55(12):131-157. Includes nu- Biologiya mor., Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1980(3):56- merous drawings and micrographs. Rijks- 61. (In Russian, English abstract.) Dept. of museum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, The Functioning of Marine Ecosystems, Inst. of Netherlands.

472 E. Biological Oceanography O[.R ( 1981 ) 28 (6)

81:3338 81:3343 Zelickman, E.A., 1.P. Lukashevich, S.S. Drobysheva Zheng, Shouyi, 1980. Recent Foraminifera of the

and A.A. Degtereva, 1980. Elimination of eggs Zhongshe Islamis, Guaagdong Province, China. I. and larvae in the Barents Sea of the crustaceans Stud. mar. sin., 1980(16):143-185 + 8 plates. (In Tllysanoessa inermis Kr. and T. raschii (M. Sars) Chinese, English summary.) Includes extensive (Eupheusi~eea). Okeanologiia, 20(5):915-921. (In species lists and ca. 120 micrographs. Inst. of Russian, English abstract.) Oceanology, Academia Sinica, People's Repub-

lic of China.

E250. Foraminifera, Radiolaria, Tintin- nida, e t c . (see also D - s u b m a r i n e geology) E260. Macrophytes (algae, grasses, etc.)

81:3339 81:3344 Boltovskoy, E. and A. Zapata, 1980. IBenthic Borum, Jens and Soren Wium-Andersen, 1980.

Foraminifera as food for other organisms.] Revta Biomass and production of epiphytes on eeigrass esp. Micropaleont., 12(2):191-198. (In Spanish, (Zostera marina L.) in the Oresund, Denmark. English abstract.) Ophelia, Suppl. 1:57-64. Freshwater Biological

Lab., Univ. of Copenhagen, Helsingorsgade 51. Digestive tracts of 4 species of foraminiferal con- DK-3400 Hillerod, Denmark. sumers were examined. Consumers showed no specific preferences, utilizing the protoplasm and 81:3345 leaving calcareous and agglutinated tests intact; De Cock, A.W.A.M., 1980. Flowering, pollination none of the foraminifers examined survived passage and fruiting in Zostera marina L. Aquat. Bot., through the digestive tract. Includes species lists and 9(3):201-220. Includes many drawings. De- 2 micrographs. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Nat- partment of Botany, Catholic University, Toer- urales B. Rivadavia, Buenos Aires, Argentina. (hbf) nooiveld, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

81:3340 81:3346 Giussani de Kahn, Graciela and Silvia Watanabe, Durako, M.J. and C.J. Dawes, 1980. A comparative

1980. ]Argentine shelf benthic Foraminifera as seasonal study of two populations of Hypnea indicators of the Malvin Current.] Revta esp. musciformis from the east and west coasts of Micropaleont., 12(2):169-177. (In Spanish, Eng- Florida, USA. I. Growth and chemistry. II. lish abstract.) Includes 23 micrographs. Museo Photosynthetic and respiratory rates. Mar. Biol., Argentino de Ciencias Naturales B. Rivadavia, 59(3):151-156, 157-162. Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Physiological ecology with respect to habitat and 81:3341 seasonality was investigated for the commercially

Hofker, J., 1980. The Foraminifera of the Saba Bank important H. musciformis. Two papers demonstrate Expedition; 1972 (Cicar cruises 34, 35). Zoolo- morphological, biochemical and compositional dif- gische verh,, 177:73pp. Includes extensive species ferences between the red alga's Atlantic and Gulf of lists and numerous drawings. Scheveningselaan Mexico populations. Florida Dept. of Natural 157, The Hague, The Netherlands. Resources, 100 Eight Ave., S.W., St. Petersburg, Fla.

33701, USA. (izs)

81:3342 Swanberg, N.R. and G.R. Harbison, 1980. The 81:3347

ecology of CoBozoum Iongiforme, sp.nov., a new Mathiesen, Lisbeth, 1980. Benthic algal vegetation in colonial radiolarian from the equatorial Atlantic tTirhus Bugt and Kal~ Vig, Denmark. Ophelia, Ocean. Deep-Sea Res., 27(9A):715-732. Suppl. 1:201-207. Botanical Inst., Univ. of

Aarhus, DK-8240 Risskov, Denmark. Elongate colonies (up to 3 m long) serve as hosts for several hyperiid amphipods and the harpacticoid 81:3348 copepod Miracia efferata. C. longiforrne has been McMillan, Calvin, P.L. Parker and Brian Fry, 1980. found only in oligotrophic equatorial Atlantic ~JC/nC ratios in seagrasses. Aquat. Bat., 9:237- waters, and the colonies may serve as largely 249. self-contained islands in the open ocean ecosystem. Includes 3 micrographs. Lamont-Doherty Geolog- All but 2 of the 49 species (12 genera) of seagrasses ical Observatory, Palisades, N. Y. 10964, USA. studied had 8~JC values in the range normally

OLR (1981) 28 (6) E. Biological Oceanography 473

associated with C4 metabolism. Taxonomic and with results of field studies (uptake rates and affinity ecological implications are discussed. Dept. of constants low in oligotrophic, high in eutrophic, Botany, Univ. of Texas at Austin, Tex. 78712, USA. waters). Implications for nutrient limitation theory (mjj) and use of the Michaelis-Menten equation are

discussed. Station Marine d 'Endoume, Lab. 81:3349 d'Oc~anographie, Campus de Luminy Case 902,

Ronnberg, Olof and P.-E. Lax, 1980. Influence of 13288 Marseille Codex 09, France. (mjj) wave action on morphology and epiphytic diatoms o| Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kiitz. Ophelia, 81:3353 Suppl. 1:209-218. Owens, T.G., P.G. Falkowski and T.E. Whitledge,

The length of cells of Cladophora tufts tended to be 1980. Diel periodicity in cellular chlorophyll shorter in an open shore area than in a sheltered content in marine diatoms. Mar. Biol., 59(2):71-

77. area. Diatoms comprised 53-73% of the total epiphytic algal biomass; species composition dif- Diel rhythms in chlorophylls a and c related to the fered in the 2 types of study areas. Greatest diatom light-dark cycle (not cell division) are exhibited by numbers/Cladophora filament were observed a_long a asynchronous laboratory cultures of Skeletonema route heavily trafficked by ferries; constant swell costatum. Diatom-dominated natural phytoplankton increased height of the Cladophora zone. Institute of communities show similar patterns, suggesting that Biology, Abo Akademi, SF-20500 Abo 50, Finland. the diel light cycle also may regulate diatom (mjj) chlorophyll content in-situ. Dept. of Energy and

Environment, Brookhaven National Laboratory, 81:3350 Upton, N. Y. 11973, USA. (mjj)

Schmidt, Christian, 1980. Some aspects of marine algae decomposition. Ophelia, Suppl. 1:257-264. 81:3354

Decomposition of western Baltic macroa!gae and Pruder, G.D. and E.T. Bolton, 1980. Differences seagrass was investigated with particular emphasis between cell division and carbon fixation rates

associated with fight intensity and oxygen con- on O2-consumption and transfer of carbon to microorganisms; a short review of the kinetics of centration: implications in the cultivation of an decomposition is given. Mineralization was influ- estuarine diatom [Thalassiosira pseudonana]. enced by temperature and continued only under Mar. Biol., 59(1):1-6. Center for Mariculture aerobic conditions. Institut for Wasserforschung Research, College of Marine Studies, University GmbH, Zum Kellerbach, D-5840 Schwerte 6, F.R.G. of Delaware, Lewes, Del. 19958, USA. (bwt)

81:3351 E300. Effects of pollution (also uptake, Wium-Andersen, Soren and Jens Borum, 1980. trace accumulations, etc.; see also C210-

Biomass and production of eelgrass (Znstera mar/ha L.) in the Oresuod, Denmark. Ophel ia , Chemical pollution, and F250-Was te dis- Suppl. 1:49-55. Freshwater Biological Lab., posal) Univ. of Copenhagen, Helsingorsgade 51, DK- 3400 Hillerod, Denmark. 81:3355

Bjerk, J.E. and E.M. Brevik, 1980. Organochlorine compounds in aquatic environments. Archs environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 9(6):743-750.

E270. Microphytes ( c o c c o l i t h o p h o r e s , Body burdens of five organochlorine compounds in diatoms, flagellates, etc.) several species of marine fishes and invertebrates are

81:3352 reported and results discussed with respect to Collos, Yves, 1980. Transient situations in nitrate biomagnification and passive partition between

• water and organisms' fat. Directorate of Labour assimilation by marine diatoms. 1. Changes in Inspection, P.O. Box 8103, Dep., Oslo 1, Norway. uptake parameters during nitrogen starvation. Limnol. Oceanogr., 25(6):1075-1081. (bwt)

Nitrogen-starved (hours to days) cultures of Phaeo- 81:3356 dactylum Iricornutum did not show the same rela- Bonsdorff, Erik, 1980. Macrozoobenthic recoloulza- tionship between N-uptake and cell N content as tion of a dredged brackish water bay in SW that of N-limited cultures, hut results did correlate Finland. Ophelia, (Suppl.)l: 145-155.

474 E. Biological Oceanography OLR (1981) 28 (6)

A two-year study traced benthic recolonization of 81:3362 the 2-5 m deep, brackish, polluted Raisio Bay, where llus, Erkki and Jorma Keskitalo, 1980. First expe- dredging of a 8-9 m deep channel had locally riences of the environmental effects of cooling eliminated bottom fauna. Affinity index, coefficient water from the nuclear power plant at Loviisa of dispersion, community structure and recovery (south coast of Finland). Ophelia, Suppl. 1:117- curves were calculated. Recolonization climaxed 122. Inst. of Radiation Protection, Box 268, about 22 months after dredging; stabilization was SF-00101 Helsinki 10, Finland. achieved in 24 months. Institute of Biology, Abo Akademi, SF-20500 Abo 50, Finland. (hbf) 81:3363

Jones, R.D. and M.A. Hood, 1980. The effects of 81:3357 organophosphorus pesticides on estuarine am-

Coleman, N., 1980. The effect of emersion on monium oxidizers. Can. J. Microbiol., cadmium accumulation by Mytilus edulis. Mar. 26(11):1296-1299. Pollut. Bull., 11(12):359-362. Ministry for Con-

The debated effects of organophosphorus pesticides servation, Marine Science Laboratories, P.O. on ammonium oxidation prompted this laboratory Box 114, Queenscliff, Vic. 3225, Australia. investigation of the influence of seven thiophos- phorus pesticides and their degradation products on estuarine ammonium oxidizers. Direct measure-

81:3358 ments using individual compounds and experiments Drewa, Gerard, Teresa Dabrowska, Maria Zukow- using natural and spiked sediments show that certain

ska-Arendarczyk, F ryderyk Pautsch and metabolites which accumulate from the anaerobic Zbigniew Zbytniewski, 1980. Effect of various decomposition of parent pesticides can significantly concentrations of the anionic detergent alkylo- reduce ammonium oxidation. Dept. of Biology, benzosulphonate (ABS) on arylsulphatase activity Univ. of West Florida, Pensacola, Fla. 32504, USA. in the shrimp Crangon crangon L. during the (bwt) moulting cycle. Ophelia, Suppl. 1:225-230. Dept. of Biology, Medical Academy, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland. 81:3364

Laughlin, R.B. Jr. and W.J. French, 1980. Compar- 81:3359 ative study of the acute toxicity of a homologous

Fingerman, S.W. and Milton Fingerman, 1980. series of triaikyltins to larval shore crabs, Hem/- Inhibition by the polychlorinated biphenyi Aroclor grapsus nudus, and lobster, Homarns americanus. 1242 of limb regeneration in the fiddler crab, Uca Bull. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 25(5):802-809. pugilator, in different salinities from which dff- Naval Biosciences Lab., Univ. of California at ferent numbers of limbs have been removed. Bull. Berkeley, Naval Supply Center, Oakland, Calif. environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 25(5):744-750. Dept. 94625, USA. of Biol., Tulane Univ., New Orleans, La. 70118, USA.

81:3365 McFarland, V.A. and R.K. Peddicord, 1980. Lethal-

81:3360 ity of a suspended clay to a diverse selection of Gochfeld, Michael, 1980. Tissue distribution of marine and estuarine macrofauna. Archs environ.

mercury in normal and abnormal young common Contamin. Toxicol., 9(6):733-741.

terns. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 11(12):362-377. Divi- Organisms that normally inhabit a muddy envi- sion of Environmental & Community Medicine, ronment are the least sensitive to high concentra- Rutgers Medical School, Piscataway, N . J . tions of suspended clay, the size fraction with which 08854, USA. contaminants are commonly associated. Less tol-

81:3361 erant organisms include some open water fish, H~trdstedt-Romro, M. and M. Gnassia-Barelli, 1 9 8 0 . fouling organisms, and sandy bottom epifauna. U.S.

Effect of complexation by natural phyloplankton Army Engineer Waterways Exp. Sta., Vicksburg, exudates on the accumulation of cadmium and Miss., U.S.A. (dine) copper by the Haptophyceae Cricosphaera elongata. Mar. Biol., 59(2):79-84. INSERM, 81:3366 FRA, N. 20, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Mehlum, Fridtjof, 1980. Sea birds and the Bravo Marines, La Darse - B.P. 8, 06230 Villefranche- blow-out at Ekofisk, North Sea. Acta orn., Sur-Mer, France. Warsz., 17(10): 119-126.

OLR (1981) 28 (6) E. Biological Oceanography 475

Fulmarus glacialis, Larus fuscus, and Rissa tri- 81:3371 dactyla were present in small numbers. Only 15 Vashchenko, M.A., 1980. The effect of water soluble badly oiled birds were seen; good weather and the hydrocarbon fractions of diesel fuel on the fact that most birds were nesting far from the development of gametes and quality of offspring disaster contributed to the apparent low mortality, in the sea urchin Strongylocentxotes uudus. Zoological Museum, Sarsgate 1, Oslo 5, Norway. Biologiya mor~ Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1980(4):68- (dme) 73. (In Russian, English abstract.) Includes 10

micrographs. Institute of Marine Biology, Far 81:3367 East Science Center, Academy of Sciences of the

USSR, Vladivostok 690022, U.S.S.R. Moraltou-Apostolopoulou, Maria and Lydia Igna- tiades, 1980. Pollution effects on the phyto- 81:3372 plankton-zooplankton relationships in an inshore Vidal, F.V. and V.M.V. Vidal, 1980. Arsenic metab- environment [Aegean Sea]. Hydrobiologia, 75(3):259-266. olism in marine bacteria and yeast. Mar. Biol.,

60(1):1-7. Quantitative relationships among phytoplankton Both a facultative anaerobic bacterium (Serratia and zooplankton populations were influenced by the trophic level of the environment; stocks were marinorubra) and an aerobic yeast (Rhodotorula significantly correlated only in non-polluted con- rubra) metabolized the relatively toxic arsenate (As ditions. Includes species lists. Zoological Lab., Univ. V), converting it to various less toxic products. Only of Athens, Greece. the yeast produced volatile forms of arsenic; only

the bacterium retained intracellularly all forms of metabolized arsenic. Scripps Inst. of Oceanography, Mail Code A-008, La JoUa, Calif. 92093, USA. (mjj) 81:3368

Moulder, S.M., 1980. Combined effect of the chlo- rides of mercury and copper in seawater on the 81:3373 euryheUne amphipod Gammams duebeni. Mar. Volterra, Laura, F.A. Aulicino, Elisabetta Tosti and Biol., 59(4):193-200. 7 Summerfield Road, Holy Maria Zicarelli, 1980. Bacteriological monitoring Cross, Clent, Stourbridge, West Midlands, DY9 of pollution in shellfish: methodological evalua- 9RG, England. tion. War. Air Soil Pollut., 13(4):399-410.

Three methods of monitoring faecal coliforms in shellfish, two based on the MPN technique and one

81:3369 direct count, are compared. The effect of inclusion Ray, S., D.W. McLeese, B.A. Waiwood and D. of shellfish intervalve water is investigated. Istituto

Pezzack, 1980. The disposition of cadmium and Superiore di Sanita, Laboratorio de Igiene del zinc in Pandalns moutagu£ Archs environ. Con- Territorio, Viale Regina Elena, 299 Rome, Italy. tamin. Toxicol., 9(6):675-681. (mjj)

During depuration following exposure to 37/~g Cd/L in seawater, the already elevated Cd levels continued to rise in the hepatopancreas while declining slightly E 3 4 0 . Aquaculture (commercial) in other tissues. When exposed to Zn and Cd combined, total Cd content of the shrimp was 81:3374 depressed by one-third but Cd levels in the hepato- Brodsky, S.Ya., 1980. Mixohniine crayfishes (De- pancreas were doubled. The presence of Cd had no cupoda, Astacidae) as objects for cultivation. effect on Zn uptake. Metallothionein's possible role Biologiya mot., Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1980(4):61- is discussed. Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, 67. (In Russian, English abstract.) Ukrainian

Research Institute of Fish Industry, Ministry of Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Biological Fish Industry of the USSR, Kiev 252134, Station, St. Andrews, New Brunswick, E0G 2X0,

Canada. (mjj) U.S.S.R.

81:3375 81:3370 Cuenco, M.L. and R.R. Stickney, 1980. Reliability of

Schulz-Baldes, M. and L. Cheng, 1980. Cadmium in an electrode and a water analysis kit for deter- HMobates micuns from the central and South ruination of ammonia in aquaculture systems. Atlantic Ocean. Mar. Biol., 59(3): 163-168. Insti- Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 109(5):571-576. Dept. of tut for Meeresforschung Bremerhaven, 285 Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M Bremerhaven 1, FRG. Univ., College Station, Tex. 77843, USA.

476 E. Biological Oceanography OLR ( 1981 ) 28 (6)

E370. Theoretical biology and ecology evolution of reproductive rates and for the rela- tionship between stability and diversity. Inst. of

81:3376 Environmental Biology, Jagiellonian Univ., ul. Abrams, Peter, 1980. Are competition coefficients Karasia 6, 30-060 Krakow, Poland. (mjj)

constant? Inductive versus deductive approaches. Am. Naturalist, 116(5):730-735. Dept. of Ecology 81:3381 and Behavioral Biology, Univ. of Minnesota, McClendon, J.H., 1980. The evolution of the ehem- Minneapolis, Minn. 55455, USA. ical isotopes as an analog of biological evolution.

J. theor. Biol., 87(1):113-128. 81:3377

The evolution of biological species is compared with Connell, J.H., 1980. Diversity and the coevohition of that of chemical elements to elucidate commonal-

competitors, or the ghost of competition past. ities, illuminate some basic evolutionary assump- Oikos, 35(2):131-138. Dept. of Biological Sci- ences, Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, Calif, tions, and emphasize 'the place of evolution as a USA. natural process.' School of Life Sciences, Univ. of

Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Neb. 68588, USA. (izs)

81:3378 Griffiths, David, 1980. Foraging costs and relative 81:3382

prey size. Am. Naturalist, 116(5):743-752. Zo- Pimm, S.L., 1980. Food web design and the effect of ology Department, P.O. Box 35064, University species deletion. Oikos, 35(2): 139-149.

of D a r e s Salaam, Tanzania. Deleting a species is a way to model a large perturbation; if no further species are lost the system

81:3379 is 'species deletion stable.' Removing a carnivore Kimbrough, S.O., 1980. The concepts of fitness and usually results in decreased stability and increased

selection in evolutionary biology. J. social biol. complexity. Very few real systems are species Struct., 3(2):149-170. deletion stable, indicating slow, if any, recovery of

Without challenging or defending any of them, the real systems from large perturbations, and suggesting author proposes to show that the major theories of that models that are species deletion stable (such as

those based on donor-control dynamics where evolution, including Darwin's, are not 'analytic or in stability increases with complexity) are unrealistic any way empirically empty,' therefore they cannot be tautological, because '[they] make fairly straight- and should be rejected. Dept. of Biological Sciences, forward existential claims.' The various concepts of Texas Tech. Univ., Box 4149, Lubbock, Tex. 79409, 'fitness' are shown able to be 'understood as a USA. (mlj) measure of the intensity of selection,' thereby 81:3383 rendering 'fitness' unnecessary to statement of the basic theory of organic evolution. Concepts of Smith, R.J., 1980. Rethinking allometry. J. theor. selection are shown to be either equivalent or to lead Biol., 87(1):97-111. to equivalent versions of the theory of evolution, Some of the standardized methods now widely used leading to the claim that 'while there are different in allometric scaling (such as plotting log-log notions of what counts as selection, these different transformations and use of correlation coefficients) notions need not be committed to different theories are misleading and based upon unjustified theoret- of evolution.' Department of Philosophy, University ical assumptions. Even dependence on a power of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis., USA. (sir) function may prevent true understanding of the

importance and complexity of size effects in biology. 81:3380 Improvements on the allometric method are sug-

Lomnicki, Adam, 1980. Regulation of population gested. Dept. of Orthodontics, Dental School, Univ. density due to individual differences and patchy of Maryland, Baltimore, MD. 21201, USA. (mjj) environment. Oikos, 35(2):185-193.

81:3384 Differences in resource partitioning among indi- Stearns, S.C., 1980. A new view of life-history viduals (due to heredity, age, social structure, or chance) are required for stability of a single species evolution. Oikos, 35(2):266-281. population. This individual variation is the basis of a The existence of life-history tactics at the intra- proposed model of population regulation. In a specific level is questioned. Although optimality heterogeneous environment with unequal resource theory has been criticized, circumstances under partitioning emigration can be a means of regulating which optimization may work are pointed out. population density, a fact having implications for the Knowledge of demography and population genetics

OLR (1981) 28 (6) 477

is no longer sufficient for studying life-history stability and density, predation on seeds and plants, evolution; training in development, quantitative vivipary, and life-history evolution. (mii) genetics, and physiology are now necessary. Includes ca. 200 references. Biological Labs., Reed College, 81:3389 Portland, Oreg. 97202, USA. (mjj) Hylleberg, Jorgen et al., 1979/1980. Proceedings of

the 6th Symposium of the Baltic Marine Bio- 81:3385 logists [Arhus, Denmark, 20--26 August 1979].

Stenseth, N.C., 1980. Spatial heterogeneity and Relationship and exchange between the pelagic population stability: some evolutionary conse- and benthic biota. Ophelia, Suppl. I:31M pp.; 28 quences. Oikos, 35(2): 165-184. Includes ca. 175 papers. references. Zoological Inst., Univ. of Oslo, P.O. Box 1050, Blindern, Oslo 3, Norway. Among the specific biota studied were: Baltic

herring, Macoma balthica, cockles, Crangon crangon, 81:3386 sculpin, Hydrobia spp., Zostera marina and asso-

Thomson, J.D., 1980. Implications of different sorts ciated epiphytes, and Cladophora glomerata and of evidence for competition. Am. Naturalist, associated epiphytic diatoms; processes included, 116(5):719-726. Department of Ecology and among others, bioturbation, wave action, oxygen Evolution, SUNY, Stony Brook, N. Y. 11794, budgets, Zn uptake, production, eutrophication and USA. pollution. (sir)

81:3387 81:3390 Wicken, J.S., 1980. A thermodynamic theory of Katunin, D.N. et al., 1979. Effect of water man-

agement on the biological productivity of the Azov evolution. J. theor. Biol., 87(1):9-23. Div. of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Behrend and Caspian seas. Trudy vses. nauchno-issled. Inst.

morsk, ryb. khoz. okeanogr. (VNIRO), College of Penn State Univ., Erie, Penn. 16563, 133:170pp; 12 papers. (In Russian, English USA. abstracts.)

FA10. Miscellaneous E400. Books, collections (general)

81:3391 81:3388 Williams, D.D., 1980. Invertebrate drift lost to the sea

Brinck, Per et al., 1980. Theories in population and during low flow conditions in a small coastal community ecology. Proceedings of a conference stream in western Canada [Vancouver Island]. in Uppsala, Sweden, 25-28 February 1980. Hydrobiologia, 75(3):251-254.

Oikos, 35(2): 129-290; 15 papers. In early summer over a 5-day period, 20,156 animals, Changes in the focus of ecology from primarily weighing 0.96 g (dry weight), were collected in drift descriptive natural history to a study of mechanisms llets. Considerable daily variation in total captures and strategies are noted; establishment and activities was attributed to a few dominant taxa exhibiting of the Ecological Research Committee in Sweden are atypical drift patterns. Possible use of the outgoing described. Topics covered include: diversity and animals as food for juvenile salmon is discussed. coevolution, competition in flowering and polli- Div. of Life Sciences, Scarborough College, Univ. of nation, environmental regulation of population Toronto, West Hill, Ontario, M1C IA4, Canada.

F. GENERAL

F10. Apparatus, methods, mathematics lines for data acquisition and data quality eval- (mult idiscipl inary) uation in environmental chemistry. Analyt.

Chem., 52(14):2242-2249. 81:3392

American Chemical Society, Subcommittee on En- These guidelines, formulated by the subcommittee, vironmental Analytical Chemistry, 1980. Guide- stress three strategic considerations: development