Biology

Bio = life ology = study of Biology = study of life

Biotic factors = ALL LIVING things in an environment

Trees, cats, fish, bacteria, etc.Abiotic factors = ALL NONLIVING things

Air, rocks, water, rivers, etc

Abiotic factors recycled

Matter cannot be created or destroyed

Living things depend on abiotic factors to live

Characteristics of living things

ALL living things MUST HAVE the following characteristics

1. Be complex and organized

2. Use energy (to maintain homeostasis)

3. Grow (and develop)

4. reproduce

5. Respond and adapt

Overview Natural tendency is for universe and matter to move towards

an increasing state of disorder

This involves a LOSS of usable energy40% of energy produced in human metabolism is lost as heat

Organisms have developed a complex/organized system that allowsThem to maintain homeostasis (same state)

System requires energy to do work

Because organisms maintain homeostasis, they are able to grow and reproduce

Successful growth and reproduction depends on an organisms ability to adapt and respond to the environment (immediately and over time

Heirarchy Levels of organization

Atom molecule CELL tissue organ organ system Organism population community ecosystem biosphere

complex and organized

complex and organized

Life captures energy from the sun and converts that energy into NUTRIENTS.(photosynthesis).

NUTRIENTS are broken down and converted into usable ENERGY.(cellular respiration)

ENERGY is used to maintainHOMEOSTASIS.

Nutrients are RECYCLED

Use energy to maintain hom

eostasis

The CELL is the smallest unit that exhibits all the characteristics of living things

Organisms may be single celled (unicellular) or multicellular

complex and organized

ALL organisms contain

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

UNITY

DNA is inheritedDNA determines the patternof growth and development

complex and organized

While all organism are unified in possessing DNA, differences in DNA arrangement makes all organisms DIFFERENT

DIVERSITY

DNA RNA (transcription)RNA protein (translation

Grow and develop

Reproduce

Organisms are CLASSIFIED in a HEIRARCHYbased on GENETIC (inherited DNA )differences.

Classification and Evolution

The THREE DOMAINS

Because DNA is INHERITED, classification by genetic differences provides evidence for EVOLUTION

Reproduce G

row and developcom

plex and organized

ADAPT and RESPOND

Organisms that are NOT able to ADAPT and RESPONDto a constantly changing environment

WILL NOT SURVIVE

Failure to survive = failure to reproduce

Failure to reproduce = loss of genetic information (DNA)

Adapt and Respond